RU136316U1 - DIAGNOSTIC SYSTEM FOR RESPIRATORY DISORDERS IN THE SLEEP AND MONITORING TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH RESPIRATORY DISTURBANCES DURING SLEEP - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A system for diagnosing respiratory disorders in sleep and monitoring the treatment of patients with respiratory disorders during sleep, comprising a patient data recording unit, a patient data processing unit, and means for attaching sensors and meters of the system to the patient, characterized in that the patient data registration unit includes a pulse oximeter, an upper airway obstruction (URP) level sensor, a sensor control device and an air flow meter, the output of a pulse oximeter, the first output of an air meter the current flow and the output of the airway obstruction level sensor is connected to the input of the patient data processing unit, and the second output of the air flow meter is connected to the airway obstruction level sensor through the sensor control device. 2. The diagnostic system according to claim 1, characterized in that the implantable sensor for the level of obstruction of the VDP is made in the form of a miniature video recording device with a data transmission module for transmitting the received images of the patient's VDP to the data processing unit. The diagnostic system according to claim 1, characterized in that the air flow meter is made in the form of a z-thermistor, for example a semiconductor diode, the breakdown voltage of which depends on the temperature of its housing. The diagnostic system according to claim 1, characterized in that the patient data processing unit is made in the form of a tablet computer.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of medicine, in particular to pulmonology, and can be used for remote wireless monitoring of the respiratory process, in particular, to establish the presence of apnea and determine the level of obstruction.

There is a device - a respiratory module AA86703 of Argo-A Security company (http://www.argoasecurititv.com.ua/products.aspx?CategoryID=16), which wirelessly using a computer allows you to obtain information about the frequency and characteristics of breathing.

The disadvantage of this device is that it receives information about the respiratory movements of the chest and abdomen based on measuring the elongation (tension) of the elastic belt (resistive method), which is inconvenient for both the patient and the medical staff.

Also, it is known a device that allows you to receive and analyze information about the movement of air through the respiratory tract, which allows remote diagnosis of disorders of bronchial obstruction. The specified device contains:

- a sensor for recording respiratory noise (an electret microphone built into the head of the phonendoscope);

- Vshegaoig-module with analog-to-digital converter, transmitter and power supply;

- mounting system on the patient’s neck;

- a processing unit (computer, phone or smartphone) containing a Bluetooth stack for connecting to a sensor, a driver for working with received audio information, software for processing it.

The specified device allows you to obtain information about the nature of the movement of air in the respiratory tract (utility model RU No. 120557, IPC АВВ 5/08, 02/09/2012).

The disadvantage of this device is that when diagnosing respiratory arrest using a high-sensitivity electret microphone, the information received at the output allows diagnosing exclusively respiratory failure, bronchial obstruction. The reliability of the results obtained from the device during the diagnosis is extremely small, only the patient’s predisposition to apnea can be diagnosed.

The technical result of the proposed utility model is to increase the reliability of diagnosing the presence of apnea, determining the nature of apnea (central, obstructive), determining the level of obstruction, due to the expanded functionality and integrated use of video fixation devices, measurements, air flow, blood oxygenation level, heart rate.

The way to achieve the result is to enable automated complex analysis of the received photo information of the upper respiratory tract and airflow from a unique sensor implanted in the nasopharynx, heart rate and blood oxygenation level.

The specified technical result is achieved in a system for diagnosing respiratory disorders during sleep and monitoring the treatment of patients with respiratory disorders during sleep, comprising a patient data recording unit, a patient data processing unit and means for attaching sensors and meters of the system to the patient, in that the patient data registration unit includes a pulse oximeter, a sensor for the level of obstruction of the upper respiratory tract (URP), a device for controlling the sensor and a meter for measuring the air flow, the output of the pulse oximeter being the first the output of the airflow rate meter and the output of the airway obstruction level sensor are connected to the input of the patient data processing unit, and the second output of the airflow rate meter is connected to the airway obstruction level sensor through the sensor control device.

In addition, the level sensor of obstruction of the VDP can be made in the form of a miniature video recording device with a data transmission module for transmitting the received images of the VDP of the patient to the data processing unit.

In addition, the air flow meter can be made in the form of a z-thermistor, for example, a semiconductor diode, the breakdown voltage of which depends on the temperature of its case.

In addition, the patient data processing unit can be made in the form of a tablet computer.

The utility model is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1 - shows a structural diagram of a system.

Figure 2 is a diagram of the functioning of the patient data recording unit.

Figure 3 - shows a diagram of the functioning of the patient data processing unit.

Figure 4 - shows the algorithm for measuring the conditional temperature z - thermistor.

Figure 5 - shows a diagram of a circuit for measuring a conditional temperature value.

Figure 6 - presents a structural diagram of the measurement of the conditional value of temperature.

In Fig.7 - shows a diagram of the sawtooth voltage generator for a four-digit counter when measuring temperature.

The system for diagnosing respiratory disorders in sleep and monitoring the treatment of patients with respiratory disorders during sleep, contains a patient data recording unit 1 and patient data processing unit 2. The patient data recording unit 1 includes a pulse oximeter 3, an airway obstruction level sensor 4, a sensor control device 5 and an air flow meter 6, wherein the output of the pulse oximeter 3 and the first output of the air flow meter 6 are directly connected to the input of the patient data processing unit 2, and the second meter output the amount of air flow is connected to it through a series-connected control device of the sensor 5 and the level sensor obstruction VDP 4.

The sensor of the level of obstruction of the VDP (implantable) can be made in the form of a miniature video recording device (not shown) with a data transmission module (not shown) for transmitting the received images of the patient's VDP to the data processing unit.

The meter (implantable) of the air flow can be made in the form of a z-thermistor, for example, a semiconductor diode (not shown), the breakdown voltage of which depends on the temperature of its case.

The patient data processing unit 2 can be made in the form of a tablet computer.

The following is an example of a specific implementation of the utility model that shows the functioning of individual elements of the system and its operation as a whole.

1. General requirements

1.1. The composition of the system.

- Pulse Oximeter.

- Sensor (implantable).

- Registration block.

- Patient data processing unit.

- Special software.

1.2. Functional components of the system.

- Pulse Oximeter. Measures heart rate and blood oxygenation level. Transmits the measured values via Bluetooth wireless technology to the patient data processing unit. Frequency of updating of indications 1 time in 2 sec.

- Sensor (implantable). Consists of a z-thermistor for evaluating airflow, a miniature video capture device. Transfers the received images of the patient's VDP to the registration unit.

- Registration block. Provides measurement of the air flow in arbitrary units, photo-fixing of images of the airborne transport by the signal of the fall of the air flow. Transmits airflow values and photo frames via Bluetooth wireless technology to the patient data processing unit.

- Patient data processing unit. It provides reception of heart rate values, 8р0з, airflow and photo frames via Bluetooth wireless network and storage from a pulse oximeter and a recording unit and processing of the received data in accordance with the algorithms.

2. Scope of delivery.

- Pulse Oximeter.

- Sensor (implantable).

- Registration block.

- Battery.

- Patient data processing unit.

- Charger.

- Special software.

- Operational documentation.

- Packing.

3. Technical requirements.

3.1 Pulse Oximeter (For example, the Armed YX, NIKSY MD series, etc.). Self-powered.

- Time of continuous work, not less than 8 hours;

- Measured parameters:

- Heart rate (HR).

- The level of blood oxygenation (SpO ₂ ).

3.2 Sensor (implantable).

3.2.1 Composition:

3.2.1.1 Z-thermistor.

- The range of temperature measurement, ° C, not worse than 15-45.

- Sensitivity, ° C, not worse than 0.5.

3.2.1.2 Video capture device.

3.3 Registration unit. 3.3.1 Functions.

- Registration of the image received from the video recording device by the signal of the master oscillator. Image registration is carried out at a frequency of 1 f / s. Image Resolution 0.7 MP

- Determination of air flow by temperature of the z-thermistor of the implantable sensor.

- Fixing the drop in the level of air flow by more than 50% and issuing a control signal.

- Starting the master oscillator by the control signal of the drop in the level of the air flow by more than 50%.

- Transfer of airflow level values and images via Bluetooth wireless network to the patient data processing unit. Time of continuous work, hour, not less than 8.

3.4 Battery

Capacity mA * hour, not less than 1200.

3.5 Patient data processing unit. A tablet computer (or equivalent). 3.5.1 Specifications.

The number of cores - at least 1;

RAM, MB - at least 1024;

Screen:

- Resolution - at least 1024x600;

- Diagonal size, inch - at least 7;

- Type touch, capacitive, support for Multi-touch;

Built-in memory, GB - at least 8;

Wireless: Bluetooth 3.0 + HS, WiFi IEEE 802.1 Ib / g / n;

Ports: USB 2.0;

Android operating system, version, not lower than 4.0;

Time of continuous work, hour - at least 8.

3.6 Special software.

It ensures the operation of system components, data transfer and storage in the patient data processing unit.

4. Description of the structural scheme and algorithm of the system.

The structural diagram of a system of wireless biomedical smart sensors is presented in figure 1.

The fact of apnea is recorded in accordance with table 1.

Table 1 Airflow reduction SpO ₂ reduction Photo fixation of airway obstruction The nature of apnea + + - Central + + + Obstructive

The operation algorithm (operation scheme) of the registration unit, which is implemented by the implantable sensor control unit of the patient data recording unit, is shown in FIG. 2, and the operation algorithm of the data processing unit (referred to as a “concentrator” in the drawings) is shown in FIG. 3.

The initial value of the level of air flow is stored in the register of the registration unit and is the value with which the current measured value of the level of air flow passing through the VDP is compared.

The measured value of the temperature of the z-thermistor is transmitted via wireless Bluetooth to the patient data processing unit and stored in its memory.

At the same time, the registration unit compares the initially remembered and current values of the level of air flow through the VDP.

In the event of a 50% drop in the value of the air flow through the VDP relative to the initial one, the VDP image fixing mode is activated by starting the master oscillator, which synchronizes the moment of taking and highlighting the image with a frequency of 2 Hz (2 frames per second).

The current VDP image is transmitted via wireless Bluetooth to the patient data processing unit and stored in its memory.

Using specialized software, on the basis of the resulting image file, an image file is converted that is converted to color space and, based on the latter, a histogram file.

Through the joint functioning of the patient data recording unit and the patient data processing unit, the fact of obstruction and the level of obstruction of the VDP is recognized based on the sensor and data meter measured by the implantable ones.

Specialized software implements visualization of synchronous recording:

- The temperatures of the z-thermistor;

- The level of blood oxygenation (SpO ₂ );

- heart rate;

- Images of the VDP;

- Diagnosis established by specialized software.

The measurement of the air flow passing through the VDP is carried out by measuring the change in the conditional temperature value on inspiration and expiration using a z-thermistor located in the implantable sensor.

The algorithm for measuring the conditional temperature is shown in Fig.4.

The operation diagram of the circuit for measuring the conditional temperature is shown in Fig.5.

Designations:

- U _GPN - voltage of the sawtooth voltage generator;

- U _CR - breakdown voltage of the r-thermistor;

- t is time;

- U _to - the output of the comparator.

The block diagram of the measurement of the conditional temperature is shown in Fig.6.

The scheme works as follows.

The sawtooth voltage generator is implemented by connecting in series a rectangular pulse generator, a counter and a digital-to-analog converter.

The diagram of the sawtooth voltage generator for a four-digit counter is shown in Fig. 7.

Designations:

- GPI - pulses at the output of the rectangular pulse generator;

- Q ₀ -Q ₃ - outputs of the counter;

- DAC - digital-to-analog converter output.

The voltage from the output of the digital-to-analog converter is supplied to the anode of the thermistor.

A thermistor is a semiconductor diode, the breakdown voltage of which depends on the temperature of its case.

The voltage of the reference voltage source is selected so that, in the measured temperature range, the breakdown voltage of the z-thermistor is always greater than the voltage of the reference voltage source. The output of the reference voltage source is connected to the inverse input of the comparator.

In the initial state, a low voltage level is present at the output of the comparator. When the voltage reaches the breakdown voltage at the output of the digital-to-analog converter, the voltage from the output of the digital-to-analog voltage converter reaches the direct input of the comparator, and a high voltage level appears at the output of the comparator.

The leading edge of the pulse from the comparator opens the digital keys (matching circuit) and the current value of the counter is recorded in the register. Thus, the digitized voltage value corresponding to the temperature of the thermistor case is stored in the register and transmitted via wireless Bluetooth to the patient data processing unit.

Thus, the technical result is achieved by the proposed utility model, which is to increase the reliability of diagnosing the presence of apnea, determining the nature of apnea (central, obstructive), determining the level of obstruction, due to the expanded functionality and integrated use of video recording devices, measurements, airflow, level blood oxygenation, heart rate.

Claims (4)

1. A system for diagnosing respiratory disorders in sleep and monitoring the treatment of patients with respiratory disorders during sleep, comprising a patient data recording unit, a patient data processing unit, and means for attaching sensors and meters of the system to the patient, characterized in that the patient data registration unit includes a pulse oximeter, an upper airway obstruction (URP) level sensor, a sensor control device and an air flow meter, the output of a pulse oximeter, the first output of an air meter the current flow and the output of the airway obstruction level sensor is connected to the input of the patient data processing unit, and the second output of the air flow meter is connected to the airway obstruction level sensor through the sensor control device. 2. The diagnostic system according to claim 1, characterized in that the implantable sensor for the level of obstruction of the VDP is made in the form of a miniature video recording device with a data transmission module for transmitting the received images of the patient's VDP to the data processing unit. 3. The diagnostic system according to claim 1, characterized in that the air flow meter is made in the form of a z-thermistor, for example a semiconductor diode, the breakdown voltage of which depends on the temperature of its housing. 4. The diagnostic system according to claim 1, characterized in that the patient data processing unit is made in the form of a tablet computer.

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