RU135438U1 - FIRE DETECTOR CONTROL DEVICE - Google Patents

Abstract

A control device for a fire detector containing a photodetector located on a base that is fixed in the housing, the input window is a light filter and output electrodes of the photodetector fixed in sealed glass bushings, characterized in that a light-emitting diode is placed on the inside of the base at such a distance from the base that maximum reflection along the route is ensured: light-emitting diode - sealed glass bushings - inner window surface - light filter - working surface photodetector.

Description

The utility model relates to fire and burglar alarm systems, namely: to the detection of fire and smoke, flame, dust, perimeter disturbance, etc. and can be used to monitor the health of detectors without additional external testing devices. A common problem with the use of various detectors is the monitoring of their operability, i.e. willingness to perform specified functions at a given time.

Well-known control devices (testing) of detectors. For example, the simplest ones: to light a match (lighter) or to light a cigarette, also a directional source of light in the form of a flashlight, etc., i.e. This is an external testing device.

The disadvantages are obvious: with their apparent simplicity, it is difficult to test a large number of detectors, it is also difficult to determine the number of tests per unit of time (once a day, in a decade, per month) to obtain a working probability, at least = 0.9.

Also, these devices are inconvenient, because they require a lot of human and time labor.

Another testing problem is the presence of external simulators of sources of ignition of fire and smoke, flame, dust, etc., made in the electronic version, which greatly increases the cost of operation of detectors.

One of such detector control devices is known, see RF patent No. 23228773 - PROTOTYPE, in which the start of the detector monitoring process includes the action of a radiation source on the radiation receiver, the radiation element being the detector located on the detector, which is irradiated with a narrow optical signal, and a standard LED indicator is used as a sensitive element, designed to indicate the detector operating modes, while the principle of reversibility of work is used LED. The spectrum of optical radiation is selected in the visible range for the convenience of aiming a narrow beam at the target, which is the LED indicators of the detector. The device includes a radiation source and receiver. A laser diode of the visible radiation spectrum with additional optical components for collimating radiation and creating a narrower beam, as well as a pulse generator and a battery, and a regular LED indicator of the detector emitter were used as a radiation source.

The disadvantages are obvious: an external monitoring device is required, which significantly increases the cost of its process, as well as the time to monitor each detector, and if there are a lot of them, for example, at a nuclear power plant, the probability of quality control decreases.

The technical task of the utility model is a significant reduction in labor and time spent on control, and most importantly, an increase in the probability of an error-free control result up to 0.99 and higher.

The technical result is achieved by introducing a light-emitting diode with the appropriate connections, which monitors the detector without any external additional means of control, and the inclusion of this control is carried out according to the algorithm embedded in the microcontroller of the detector.

To solve this problem, a fire detector control device is proposed, comprising a photodetector located on a base that is fixed in the housing, an input window - a filter and output electrodes of the photodetector fixed in sealed glass bushings, characterized in that a light-emitting diode is placed on the inside of the base at such a distance from the base, so that the maximum reflection along the route is ensured: light-indicator diode-sealed glass bushings-inner surface window-light filter-working surface of the photodetector.

The utility model is illustrated by three drawings, which depict:

figure 1 - spectral characteristics of the components, where: 1 is the spectrum of the receiving device, 2 is the spectrum of the transmission material of the pressure glands, 3 is the radiation spectrum of the control emitter, 4 is the transmission spectrum of the input window;

figure 2 is a simplified electrical structural diagram of a standard control device, where: 5 - emitter, 6 - external reflector, 7 - photosensitive element;

figure 3 is an example of the design of the proposed utility model, where: 8 is the metal base of the housing, 9 is the housing cover, 10 is the input window is an optical filter, 11 is a sealed glass input, 12 are the electrodes, 13 is a light emitting diode (LED), 14 - photodetector element (photodetector), 15 - photodetector leads, 16 - LED power leads, A and B - ray path from LED to photodetector, c - rays that do not fall on the photodetector.

The design of Fig. 3 has the following connections: on the base 8, there is a photodetector 10, which, with its findings 15, is connected to the output electrodes 12 (their leads are the detector outputs, and the inputs are the LED power leads: this is the electrical part; the base 8 has two holes, into which two electrodes 12 are inserted, and since the base 8 is metallic, the electrodes are isolated from it by sealed glass bushings 11, an input window is located on the protrusions of the base 8, which in some cases is made in the form of an optical filter, and the window itself is pressed to the protrusions by the housing cover 9: this is the structural part; the path of the rays in the detector in the ignition detection mode is simple: these rays (not shown conventionally in Fig.) pass through the window 10 to the photodetector 14 and through the electrodes 12 to the electronic part of the detector; to monitor the detector’s operability, the detector’s electronic part includes LEDs through its leads 16 and rays A and B through the sealed glass bushings 11, reflected in them, then reflected from the input window 10, are incident on the photodetector 14 and its voltage through the electrodes 12 gives to the electronic part of the detector for analysis.

The geometric dimensions of the detector design and the distance from the LED13 to the hermetic glass inlets 12 and to the input window 10 are selected from the conditions for the most complete reflection of the rays A and B along the route: LED13 - outputs (input / output) 12 - window 10 and photodetector 15.

The device operates as follows.

Figure 2 shows a block diagram of a classic control device, the most widely used.

Its shortcomings are obvious:

- the presence of an additional simulator of fire (emitting LED);

- complication and appreciation of control;

- the complexity of the selection of the emitter for the corresponding transmission spectrum of the input window - filter (this is clearly visible in figure 1).

To satisfy these conflicting requirements, this utility model is proposed. If we consider Fig. 1, which corresponds to the proposed utility model, then it can be seen that spectrum 2 is cut out through spectrum 1 of the pressure glands 12, and spectrum 3 of the control LED 13 fits perfectly into it. It is clear that spectrum 4 of the input window 10 lies above on a scale of λ (μm). It can be seen from this that it is very difficult and expensive to select (according to the classical scheme) the spectrum of the control source 5 (in FIG. 2), which coincides with the variable spectra of the input window 10 (with different filters).

In the proposed utility model, this variable component (input window 10 with filters is excluded), because the spectrum of LED13 is selected from the condition of compatibility with the spectrum of the pressure seal 12, which is a priori known - this is plain glass.

Thus, when monitoring the fire, the device operates in the normal mode, and when monitoring the operability, the LED13 turns on, the light flux of which along the route13 is sealed glass bushings 11 is the input window is the filter 10 (its internal reflective surface) is the working surface of the photodetector 14 then through its electrodes 12 enters the electronic part of the detector, where it is analyzed by the microcontroller for “suitability”.

Advantages and advantages of the proposed utility model:

- convenient location of the control emitter;

- lack of additional devices;

- you do not need to select a control LED compatible in spectrum with the input filter window, namely in the range of 5-7 μM (they are very few and too expensive), but you can use a cheap and reliable LED, for example, just any light emitting LED (LED).

The control mode of the fire detector can be programmed in the microcontroller of the emitter, for example, once a day, week, etc. or can be switched on from the desk of the operator on duty according to a predetermined schedule.

According to the applicant, the proposed technical solution meets the basic modern tenet: “cost-effectiveness”.

Claims (1)

A control device for a fire detector containing a photodetector located on a base that is fixed in the housing, the input window is a light filter and output electrodes of the photodetector fixed in sealed glass bushings, characterized in that a light-emitting diode is placed on the inside of the base at such a distance from the base that maximum reflection along the route is ensured: light-emitting diode - sealed glass bushings - inner window surface - light filter - working surface photodetector.

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