RU132785U1 - SCREW DISCHARGE FOR BULK MATERIALS - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A screw doser for bulk materials, comprising a housing with loading and unloading nozzles, a shaft with a screw conveyor, connected to the engine through a pulley, characterized in that the housing is threadedly connected to a conical nozzle, which is combined with the discharge nozzle; the screw blade of the screw conveyor has a discontinuous surface, and its diameter decreases in the direction of the discharge pipe, initially in accordance with a decrease in the diameter of the conical nozzle, and then stepwise in accordance with the diameter of the discharge pipe; a dust collector, a thrust bearing, a flange with a cover and a pulley are installed sequentially on the shaft. 2. The screw dispenser according to claim 1, characterized in that the discontinuous surface of the screw blade of the screw conveyor is made in the form of cutouts of a triangular shape, the depth of the cuts is up to S diameter of the turn, the number of cuts on the turn is from 3 to 7.3. The screw dispenser according to claim 1, characterized in that the conical nozzle can be made of plastic. The screw dispenser according to claim 1, characterized in that the discharge nozzle can be made of plastic. The screw dispenser according to claim 1, characterized in that at least two thrust bearings are installed on the shaft.

Description

The technical field to which the utility model relates.

The utility model relates to dosing equipment for food and non-food products, and can be used for dosing and packaging dusty, hard-flowing and granular products (building mixtures, dry paints, washing powders, milk powder, starch, flour, powdered sugar, etc.). The dispenser can be used in the construction, chemical, food and other industries related to the processing, transportation and sale of bulk materials.

State of the art

Known screw dispenser (RF patent for the invention No. 2259313, publ. 08/27/2005) containing a hopper with a vertical shaft installed inside it, along the axis of which in the lower part of the hopper there is a metering organ in the form of a screw enclosed in a pipe. The hopper is equipped with a device for preventing arch formation, under which a truncated cone is mounted on the shaft at the bottom of the hopper with the possibility of joint rotation with the shaft and the screw and with the possibility of vertical movement on the shaft to set a calibration gap between the generatrix of the hopper and the lower edges of the cone. At an angle of taper of this cone relative to the horizontal plane of the dispenser at 30-45 °, the calibration gap is set at 10-20 mm.

The disadvantage of this device is the lack of accuracy of dosing and packaging, problems with ensuring stable operation, due to the complexity of the design of the dispenser.

The prior art device for dispensing bulk materials containing a hopper connected to the lower part of the hopper vertically mounted metering cylindrical chamber with a screw, auger rotation drive, agitator material (USSR copyright certificate No. 580446, publ. 15.11.1977).

The disadvantages of the known device are the high energy costs of dosing and the complexity of the design. The presence of a stepped screw on the shaft along the entire length of the metering chamber and the agitator with a large radius of rotation leads to significant energy consumption for their rotation during dosing.

A device for storing and dispensing bulk materials is also known, containing a hopper with a conical section, the output of which is connected to a screw feeder, a weight batcher and a control unit installed at the output (RF patent for the invention No. 2098332, publ. 10.12.1997).

A disadvantage of the known device, first of all, is the complexity of its design. The manufacture of the walls of the hopper from an elastic material with the aim of self-shaking leads to complication of the device, uncertainty in the destruction of the arches, and, as a result, to a decrease in the accuracy of dosing. To increase the accuracy of dosing, a weight doser (strain gauge) is additionally installed in this solution. The use of a weight dispenser leads to a decrease in productivity with small volumes of the packaged product and to an increase in the cost parameters of equipment due to complex weight terminals.

Known vibro-hopper and screw feeder assembly containing a hopper with a vertical shaft located inside it and with a metering body in the form of a screw (US patent No. 4944334, publ. 31.07.1990).

The known installation has a low metering accuracy.

A device for the dosed dispensing of bulk materials (USSR author's certificate No. 1390152, published on 04/23/1988), comprising a housing with a bottom screw conveyor rotatably around a vertical axis, a protective cap and a disk, a receiving chamber, an inclined visor, a running gear.

The disadvantages of the known device are the relatively low efficiency of the transportation process, as well as the rapid wear of individual elements of the device, due to clogging of the screw conveyor.

There is also known a constructive solution of the surface of the screw, designed to facilitate the movement of caking cargo, in which the surface of the screw is made in the form of separate shaped-shaped blades (Spivakovsky A.O., Dyachkov V.K. 353).

A disadvantage of the known solution is the relatively low productivity due to the low fill factor of the screw.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved positive effect to the declared screw doser - the prototype - is a screw feeder for low-flowing materials (USSR author's certificate No. 988696, publ. 15.01.1983), containing a housing with loading and unloading nozzles, a shaft with a main screw a nozzle made of solid blades and with an additional screw nozzle mounted on the shaft, a spring and a collar mounted on the shaft of the screw auger, supporting and drive supports.

A disadvantage of the known device is the relatively low feed efficiency of the transported material, due to jamming of the screw and clogging of the screw conveyor and, as a result, increased wear of the housing and the screw.

Utility Model Disclosure

The objective of the utility model is to create a high-performance compact and reliable device for dispensing bulk materials, providing the ability to work with difficult-to-flow and dusty materials.

The technical result is to reduce the clumping of bulk materials, as well as simplifying the design, increasing the reliability and performance of the screw batcher.

The specified technical result is achieved in that the screw doser for bulk materials contains a housing with loading and unloading nozzles, a shaft with a screw conveyor connected to the engine through a pulley, and according to a utility model, the housing is threadedly connected to a conical nozzle, which is combined with the discharge nozzle ; the screw blade of the screw conveyor has a discontinuous surface, and its diameter decreases in the direction of the discharge pipe, initially in accordance with a decrease in the diameter of the conical nozzle, and then stepwise in accordance with the diameter of the discharge pipe; a dust collector, a thrust bearing, a flange with a cover and a pulley are installed sequentially on the shaft.

The discontinuous surface of the screw blade of the screw conveyor can be made in the form of cuts of a triangular shape, the depth of the cuts is up to ½ of the diameter of the turn, the number of cuts on the turn is from 3 to 7.

The conical nozzle and discharge nozzle can be made of plastic.

At least two pillow block bearings can be installed on the shaft of the screw conveyor.

Brief Description of the Drawings

Figure 1 presents a General view of a screw dispenser for bulk materials.

Figure 2 shows the shape of the screw blades of the screw.

Utility Model Implementation

The auger doser for bulk materials contains: a housing 1 with a loading nozzle 2, a shaft 3 with a screw conveyor 4, a conical nozzle 5 of the housing, an unloading nozzle 6, a dust collector 7, thrust bearings 8, a flange 9 with a cover, a pulley 10, a nozzle 11 for air supply .

The screw blade of the screw conveyor 4 has a discontinuous surface in the form of cutouts of a triangular shape, the depth of cuts up to ½ of the diameter of the turn, the number of cuts on the turn from 3 to 7 (in Fig. One of the options with 5 cuts is shown). The diameter of the screw conveyor 4 decreases in the direction of the discharge pipe (in the direction of movement of the bulk material), initially in accordance with a decrease in the diameter of the conical nozzle 5, and then stepwise in accordance with the diameter of the discharge pipe 6.

The conical nozzle 5 is a replaceable part of the device, connected to the housing 1 by a thread, the nozzle 5 can be made of plastic (for example, fluoroplastic, polyvinyl chloride, etc.).

The discharge pipe 6 is a replaceable part of the device and can be made of plastic (for example, fluoroplastic, polyvinyl chloride, etc.). The discharge pipe 6 is aligned on one side with the conical nozzle 5, and on the other hand a bag for bulk material is put on this pipe.

The dust collector 7 cleans the air flow of suspended particles, ensuring reliable operation of the dispenser, especially when packing dusty materials.

The thrust bearings 8 provide structural rigidity, and the use of at least two bearings provides sufficient rigidity and durability of the design of the screw dispenser.

Flange 9 with a cover is designed for operational repair of bearings, their maintenance and replacement.

The pulley 10 provides the transmission of rotational motion from the engine to the shaft 3 with a screw conveyor 4.

The pipe 11 for air supply is not directly involved in the production process, but is intended for servicing the dispenser. When driving the transport channel, if necessary, clean and re-adjust the dispenser to the packing of another material, a hose for supplying the air flow is connected to the pipe 11, which ensures the cleaning of the transport channel.

The auger for bulk materials is as follows.

Bulk material is fed through the loading pipe 2 into the housing 1. The rotation of the motor shaft is transmitted through the pulley 10 to the screw conveyor 4. The screw conveyor 4 begins to rotate and the screw screw of the screw, rotating, provides translational movement of the bulk material being moved. The material being transported is captured by the screw screw of the screw and moves longitudinally from the loading nozzle 2 to the discharge nozzle 5 under the action of the force generated by the screw conveyor 4. The presence of repeated cuts on the screw screw of the screw provides relatively low wear indicators of the case with a significant increase in productivity and energy efficiency of the entire work devices. The varying diameter of the screw conveyor, as well as the experimentally determined parameters of the cuts on the helical blade (triangular shape, the depth of cuts up to ½ of the diameter of the turn, the number of cuts on the turn from 3 to 7) ensure the dispenser works effectively with difficult-to-flow materials with a fine fractional composition and / or tendency to clump.

When the material reaches the discharge pipe 6, the material is unloaded into the packaging container, for example, a paper bag. Moreover, the use of only auger conveyor 4 for transportation of bulk material, without the use of pressure air flow, allows the use of packaging made from a less durable material and a less durable structure as a packaging container. That allows, in turn, to use cheaper packaging containers and reduce the cost of the dosing and packaging of materials.

The developed screw feeder design solves the problem of clogging materials in the transport channel and ensures reliable and efficient material transportation.

The use of the described device can reduce the wear of the elements of the dispenser and at the same time increase the productivity and energy efficiency of transporting materials.

Thus, as a result of the implementation of the claimed utility model, a significant reduction in the clumping of bulk materials is provided, as well as a simplification of the design, an increase in the reliability and performance of the screw batcher.

A comparative analysis of the claimed utility model showed that the set of essential features of the claimed device is not known from the prior art and therefore corresponds to the patentability condition “Novelty”.

The above information confirms the possibility of using the claimed device for dispensing and packaging dusty, hard-flowing and granular products, which can be used in the construction, chemical, food and other industries related to the processing of bulk materials, and therefore meets the patentability condition "Industrial applicability".

Claims (5)

1. A screw doser for bulk materials, comprising a housing with loading and unloading nozzles, a shaft with a screw conveyor, connected to the engine through a pulley, characterized in that the housing is threadedly connected to a conical nozzle, which is combined with the discharge nozzle; the screw blade of the screw conveyor has a discontinuous surface, and its diameter decreases in the direction of the discharge pipe, initially in accordance with a decrease in the diameter of the conical nozzle, and then stepwise in accordance with the diameter of the discharge pipe; a dust collector, a thrust bearing, a flange with a cover and a pulley are installed sequentially on the shaft. 2. The screw feeder according to claim 1, characterized in that the discontinuous surface of the screw blade of the screw conveyor is made in the form of cutouts of a triangular shape, the depth of the cuts is up to S diameter of the turn, the number of cuts on the turn is from 3 to 7. 3. The screw dispenser according to claim 1, characterized in that the conical nozzle can be made of plastic. 4. The screw dispenser according to claim 1, characterized in that the discharge nozzle can be made of plastic. 5. The screw dispenser according to claim 1, characterized in that at least two thrust bearings are installed on the shaft.

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