RU130891U1 - PLANT FOR FILLING CASES WITH VACUUM SUCTION - Google Patents

Abstract

Installation for pouring molds by vacuum suction, containing sealed chambers for the mold and crucible with metal and inductor, a metal wire with a stopper at its lower end, actuators for moving the sealed chambers and a separate drive of the crucible with metal and inductor, pipelines for supplying vacuum to the sealed chamber for the foundry form and pressure in the sealed chamber with a crucible with metal and inductor, characterized in that the sealed chambers are connected by a single pressure supply pipe made flexible on a crucible with metal a lid with holes for connecting the atmosphere of the sealed chamber with the atmosphere above the metal in the crucible is installed on top, the sealed chambers are equipped with pressure reducing valves, and the metal tube plug is made in the form of a plate with a hole located in the plan section of the metal wire.

Description

The utility model relates to foundry, in particular technological equipment for casting molds by vacuum suction.

State of the art

From the patent literature there are known devices for casting molds by vacuum suction, containing sealed chambers for a mold and a crucible with metal, pipelines for connecting to a vacuum system of a sealed chamber for a mold and supplying pressure to a sealed chamber with a crucible with metal, a metal wire with a sealed element and actuators movement of sealed chambers. (see analogues: RF patents No. 2108892, publ. 1998; 2023533, publ. 1994; 2172227, publ. 2001; as well as US patents No. 4589466, 1986; 4982777, 1991; 5069271, 1991; EP No. 0457502, 1995; DE No. 3222541, 1985).

The closest analogue to the prototype is a device with which a vacuum suction casting method is carried out, containing sealed chambers for a mold and a crucible with metal and an inductor, a metal pipe with a stopper at its lower end, actuators for moving the sealed chambers for a mold and a crucible with metal and inductor, separate drive with movable seal for moving the crucible with metal inside the sealed chamber and evacuation pipelines of the sealed chamber with the mold and pressurizing the sealed chamber with the metal and Thiel inducer (see. Author's Certificate USSR №1683863, publ. 1991).

The disadvantage of the prototype is the inability to create an adjustable differential pressure in the cavity of the sealed chamber, the mold and above the metal in the crucible, as well as pour highly reactive metals.

When designing the installation, the task was to eliminate the disadvantages of the prototype and to ensure that the installation achieves the following technical result: improvement of casting quality by creating an adjustable differential pressure in the mold cavity and above the metal in the crucible, energy saving and expanding the range of metals cast on the installation, as well as reducing casting scrap by gas porosity and for highly reactive metals cast on a plant.

The technical result achieved by the claimed utility model is to improve: casting quality by creating an adjustable differential pressure in the mold cavity and above the metal in the crucible, saving energy and expanding the range of metals cast on the plant, as well as reducing casting scrap by gas porosity and highly reactive cast on the plant metals.

The essence of the claimed utility model

Installation for pouring molds by vacuum suction contains pressurized chambers for the mold and crucible with metal and inductor, metal wire with a stopper at its end, actuators for moving the pressurized chambers and crucible with metal and inductor, pipelines for supplying vacuum to the pressurized chamber for the mold and pressure into a sealed chamber with a crucible with metal and an inductor, characterized in that the sealed chambers are connected by a single pressure supply pipe made flexible, the crucible with metal m is equipped with a lid with a hole for passage of the metal wire and holes for connecting the atmosphere of the sealed chamber with the atmosphere above the metal in the crucible, additionally contains pressure reducing valves in the sealed chambers, and the metal tube plug is made in the form of a plate with a hole located in the plan section of the metal wire.

The inventive utility model (PM) is illustrated by drawings, where on:

Figure 1. - shows a General view of the installation for casting molds by vacuum suction;

Figure 2. - serpentine channel from refractory elements according to the patent - analogue of the Russian Federation No. 2108892;

Figure 3. - a magnetic control valve that closes the riser, after filling the mold with metal according to the patent - analogue of the Russian Federation No. 2023533.

Figure 2-3 shows fragments of casting channels from the above analogues, which are much more complicated in design compared to a fragment of the casting channel of the proposed PM and are shown to illustrate the analysis of analogues in the prior art.

In the drawings (see Figs. 1-3), the positions denote the following elements and components of the inventive installation: 1 - sealed chamber for the mold; 2 - supporting filler; 3 - drive sealed chamber 1; 4 - vacuum pipe (V); 5 - pressure reducing valve; 6 - riser mold; 7 - cavity mold; 8 - a crucible; 9 - heating inductor; 10 - sealed chamber for a crucible with metal; 11 - a separate drive for a crucible with metal; 12 - movable seal; 13 - movable base for the crucible 8 with metal; 14 - pressure reducing valve; 15 - pipeline supply of inert gas to the sealed chamber 1 and 10; 16 - plate overlapping metal wire 17; 18 - hole in the plate 16; 19 - the lid of the crucible 8; 20 - holes in the lid of the crucible 8 with metal; and 21 is a plate with a mold 22 placed on it.

Prior to the melting of the plate 16 with the hole 18 that overlaps the metal pipe 17 in the mold 22, a vacuum is created in the sealed chamber 1, and an inert gas overpressure is applied to the movable (drive not shown in the drawings) sealed chamber 10 for the crucible with metal. After the appearance of the metal passing through the hole 18 in the plate 16, due to the evacuation of the sealed chamber 1 and the supply of inert gas to the sealed chamber 8, on the plate 16 from the side of the mold 22, its melting occurs faster and the metal under the action of vacuum and inert gas pressure on the metal the crucible enters the mold 22 and fills it from bottom to top with a continuous stream to obtain clear prints of the surfaces of the mold 22 for art casting and without gas sinks.

After pouring and crystallization of the metal under pressure of inert gas, the evacuation and supply of inert gas stops and the mold with the flask (not shown in the drawings) is removed from the base plate 21 and sent to further technological operations. The whole process can be mechanized, and the installation can be placed in the conveyor line.

To test the experimental setup, we used a vacuum system with a receiver (not shown in the drawings), the IST melting plant - 0.16 with a graphite crucible with a capacity of 200 kg. Ceramic shell foundry molds were made by investment casting on an ethyl silicate binder. After carrying out vacuum-ammonia drying, the shell foundry molds were calcined at a temperature of 540 + 10 ° С with blowing with air heated to the same temperature. Quartz sand was used as a supporting filler 2, and 1.0 mm thick copper cuttings were used as a plate 16. The installation used a titanium metal wire 17, which was painted with a protective paint.

The results of the installation showed that the installation allows you to produce complex art castings from brass alloys and provides finished products that are appropriate in quality and design. The introduction of the installation will expand the technological inherent in it and will ensure the mechanization of the process.

When using an installation for casting highly reactive metals (titanium and magnesium alloys), it is necessary to replace some elements (metal wire, crucible, etc.) that are in contact with highly reactive metals during the casting process and fill the sealed chambers and mold cavity with inert gas before pouring, when disconnected vacuum line. After some exposure, when the pressure of the inert gas in the sealed chambers and the cavity of the mold is equalized and a neutral atmosphere of inert gas is created, thanks to the common inert gas pressure piping system of the installation, the vacuum system is connected. Under excessive pressure of the inert gas from the side of the crucible 8, having previously melted the plate 16 from a material with a low chemical composition to be filled, the latter enters the mold 22 and fills it from bottom to top with a continuous stream without bursts. Then they operate according to known technology.

Claims (1)

Installation for pouring molds by vacuum suction, containing sealed chambers for the mold and crucible with metal and inductor, a metal wire with a stopper at its lower end, actuators for moving the sealed chambers and a separate drive of the crucible with metal and inductor, pipelines for supplying vacuum to the sealed chamber for the foundry form and pressure in the sealed chamber with a crucible with metal and inductor, characterized in that the sealed chambers are connected by a single pressure supply pipe made flexible on a crucible with metal a lid with holes for connecting the atmosphere of the sealed chamber with the atmosphere above the metal in the crucible is installed on top, the sealed chambers are equipped with pressure reducing valves, and the metal tube plug is made in the form of a plate with a hole located in the plan section of the metal wire.

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