RU1280936C - Electrode chamber - Google Patents

Description

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oo oo isoRrthenium refers to the field of hydrometallurgy and electroplating, in particular electrolysis equipment for the extraction of noble, rare and non-ferrous metals from dilute solutions of their salts or for the neutralization of toxic components of the solution. The aim of the present invention is to increase the efficiency of the chamber by increasing the amount of metal deposited per unit weight of the electrode. On Fig, 1 shows a camera, front view; in Fig.2 - section aa in Fig.1. The electrode chamber is formed by a shell consisting of a conductive frame 1 coated with a non-conductive elastic material, which is connected to a device 2, which serves both to install the chamber in the electrolyzer and to conduct current supply. On both sides along the perimeter of the conductive frame 1, perforated walls of the conductors 3 are contacted, on which carbon-graphite electrodes 4 are laid, coated with current-conducting grids 5 and reinforced with perforated clamps 6 made of a rigid frame coated with current-conducting bars with elastic material (for example, rubber), The clamp 6 is fixed to the frame 7 by means of hinges 8, Locks 9 are located around the perimeter of the electrode chamber, which make the frame compacted with clamps, provide a flow of the solution entering through od 10, only through carbon and graphite cathode. The camera, under current, operates as follows. The initial solution is supplied through the inlet 10 into the chamber, passes on both sides through perforated current lead walls 3, carbon graphite electrodes 4, grids 5 and clamp 6 and is poured out of the chamber. The cathode material, which is high-grade with metal, can be removed from the current lead walls with open clamps and the reverse chamber is filled with a new portion of carbon-graphite fibrous material. it is necessary to achieve the volume of the electrode; it is necessary to achieve the process productivity and ensures the deposition of the smallest possible amount of metal per unit weight of the electrode. Moreover, this effect can be achieved only when the current is supplied to the current-carrying steaks along the entire perimeter of these This is achieved due to the location of the current leads to the perforated current-conducting steaks in the form of a frame inside the current-conducting frame. The ratio of the surface of the gaps of the wall-current leads to the carbon surface The electrode determines the useful surface through which the solution is pumped to the surface and through which current is supplied to the carbon electrode. On the one hand, it is necessary to ensure that the surface along which current is supplied to the carbon electrode is minimally necessary, since due to the reduction of the flow cross sections, the flow rate of the treated solution decreases, on the other hand, this surface must ensure that the current flow is sufficiently large. forces without heating the current supply system. In turn, the optimal size of the gaps contributes to the uniform distribution of the electric field over the electrode surface to the maximum possible current load and the flow rate of the solution through the electrode. Accordingly, the gaps on the clamps serve the same purpose, their geometrical dimensions will determine the optimal design of the electrode chamber. On the one hand, it is necessary to strive for the maximum size of the gaps, since it is possible to achieve the maximum flow rates of the solutions and the minimum screening of the electrode. On the other hand, the most uniform distribution of the electrochemical process over the volume of the electrode is necessary, which is possible with sufficiently small gaps, since this ensures the most reliable pressing of the carbon electrode to the surface of the current-supply wall. This is due to the fact that the electrical conductivity of industrial carbon-graphite fiberglass materials is at least two orders of magnitude lower than the electrical conductivity of metals used in the construction of electrode chambers, 5 The electrode chamber in which the described construction is implemented was tested on real solutions, the test results are shown in the table.

Prototype

Comparative tests were carried out on a sulfuric acid thiourea ealoteresilver-containing solution in a circulating mode. A 3.0 liter solution was electrolyzed to evaluate the rate of recovery of precious metals. The composition of the solution: sulfuric acid - 30.0 g / l; thiomochevine - 80 g / l; gold - 700 mg / l;

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20,0

silver - 70.0 Lg / l. In order to determine the amount of metal that can be deposited per unit weight of the electrode, several portions of the solution were electrolyzed. Electrulysis conditions; aioTHOCTb current - 1000 A / m, the circulation rate of the solution is 0.2 ml s / cm, as the cathode and the carbon fiber material.

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