RU126806U1 - DEVICE FOR BURNING OIL-CONTAINING WASTE - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A device for burning oily waste, having an outer chamber mounted on the frame with the possibility of vertical movement, an inner chamber fixedly mounted in the lower part of the outer chamber with a gap between the side surfaces, while the lower part of the inner chamber is located outside, as well as a fan, duct, equipped with a tap, a waste container and an ejector in the upper part of the outer chamber, characterized in that the tap is connected to the lower part of the inner chamber and is equipped with three injection nozzles , two of which are located inside the chamber, and the third is outside, while one of the internal nozzles is located below and has the ability to pump air into the chamber with the formation of a horizontal vortex flow, the second - the possibility of pumping air up, and the third - the possibility of pumping air into the gap between the side surfaces of the chambers with the formation of an annular flow. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that one of the inner nozzles is located horizontally along the side surface of the chamber, the end of the second nozzle is located above the first nozzle and is directed upward, and the end of the outer curved nozzle is located in the gap between the side surfaces of the chambers and is directed sideways.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of ecology, in particular to devices for the disposal of oily waste.

A device for burning oily waste, consisting of a container with a lid, a fan and a flexible hose (see, for example, installation type "Smart Ash", manufactured by ELASTEC, USA, site of ZAO PKF MEDFARM http: //www.medfarm .ural.ru / catalog / l /).

The disadvantage of this device is low productivity and insufficient safety in operation, because the combustion process takes place in a tightly closed container, and in the event of an interruption in air supply, explosive accumulation of oil vapor can occur.

Also known is a prototype device for burning oily waste, having an outer chamber fixed to the frame with the possibility of vertical movement, an inner chamber fixedly mounted in the lower part of the outer chamber with a gap between the side surfaces, while the lower part of the inner chamber is located outside, as well as a fan , a duct equipped with a tap, a waste container and an ejector in the upper part of the outer chamber (see, for example, utility model patent No. 34993 dated 09.09.2003, published on 12.20.2003).

The disadvantage of this device is the high content in the gases emitted into the atmosphere of products of incomplete combustion of oily waste (smoke of the environment), which does not meet modern environmental requirements.

This is explained by the design features of the device, in particular, the formation in the combustion zone inside the chambers of a vertical (i.e. rectilinear) flow of combustion products, which is associated with the use of an ejection effect to purge the combustion zone, due to which air is drawn in (both atmospheric and additional supplied from the fan to the waste container using the outlet) into the chambers through the annular gaps between the walls of the tank and the side surface of the outer chamber (both chambers are in the working position inside the container), as well as between the side surfaces of the outer and inner chambers and mixing it with hot volatile combustion products as they move upward from the container. As a result, the solid hot microparticles present in the rectilinear flow of combustion products do not have time to completely burn out inside the chambers, because there is not enough time there (the straight path is the shortest), and are released into the atmosphere.

In addition, in order to uniformly tighten the inside of the chambers of the air coming from the fan into the gap between the tank and the outer chamber (the end of the outlet is located in the upper part of the tank), it is necessary to provide an annular air flow inside the gap. For this, the waste container should only have a cylindrical shape (corresponding to the shape of the chamber), which narrows the operational capabilities of the device.

The utility model solves the problem of ensuring a more complete combustion of oily waste by additional use of the injection effect, as well as expanding the operational capabilities of the device.

To solve this problem, in the known device for burning oily waste having an outer chamber fixed to the frame with the possibility of vertical movement, an inner chamber fixedly mounted in the lower part of the outer chamber with a gap between the side surfaces, while the lower part of the inner chamber is located outside, and a fan, an air duct equipped with a branch, a waste container and an ejector in the upper part of the outer chamber, in accordance with a utility model, the branch is connected to the lower part of the inner measures and is equipped with three injection nozzles, two of which are located inside the chamber, and the third is outside, while one of the internal nozzles is located below and has the ability to pump air into the chamber with the formation of a horizontal vortex flow, the second - the possibility of pumping air up, and the third external the possibility of forcing air into the gap between the side surfaces of the chambers with the formation of an annular flow.

One of the device’s internal nozzles is located horizontally along the side surface of the chamber, the end of the second nozzle is located above the first nozzle and directed upward, and the end of the external curved nozzle is located in the gap between the side surfaces of the chambers and is directed sideways.

Design features of the device: 1) the supply of additional air from the fan is not in the waste container (as in the prototype), but directly into the combustion zone - into the inner chamber, and this supply is carried out using two injection pipes in two directions (in a circle in a horizontal plane and up), due to which an intense vortex flow of combustion products and additional thrust are created, as well as 2) air supply to the lateral gap between the chambers using the third injection nozzle (with the formation of rings in the gap flow), which allows directing combustion products departing from the tank (along its perimeter) into the combustion zone, - provide more complete combustion of oily waste (by lengthening the path, and hence the time of burning of particles in the vortex flow inside the chambers and additional draft), and thereby reducing the amount of harmful substances released into the atmosphere.

Thus, the technical advantage of the device is a significant increase in the intensity of the waste burning process through the additional use of the injection effect.

Another advantage of the device is the expansion of its operational capabilities, as due to the air supply from the fan to the inner chamber to ensure the combustion process, the waste container can have any (unlike the prototype) form.

The inventive utility model has a set of essential features unknown from the prior art for objects of similar purpose, which allows us to conclude that it meets the criterion of "novelty."

The device is illustrated by drawings, where in Fig. 1 is a front view of the device (in the working position), in Fig. 2, the assembly A in Fig. 1 (scaled up), in Fig. 3 is a section B-B in Fig. 2, figure 4 - section bb in figure 2

The device has (Fig. 1) a vertically located outer chamber 1 of cylindrical shape, as well as an inner chamber 2 of the same shape, fixedly mounted in the lower part of the chamber 1. There is a gap between the side surfaces of the chambers. The lower part of the chamber 2 is located outside the chamber 1 and expanded.

The camera 1 is mounted on the frame 3 and together with the camera 2 has the possibility of vertical movement, for which the frame is equipped with a vertical part with guides.

The device is equipped with a fan 4 and duct 5.

The duct 5 has an outlet 6 of smaller diameter connected to the lower part of the inner chamber 2.

The end of the outlet 6 is made (figure 1, 2, 3, 4) in the form of three injection (discharge) pipes 7, 8 and 9, with the ability to supply air under pressure from the fan.

Two nozzles 7 and 8 are located inside the chamber 2 (Fig.1, 2, 3). The pipe 7 is located horizontally from the bottom along the side surface of the chamber and is designed to form a horizontal vortex flow inside the chamber. The pipe 8 is designed to push the vortex flow up, for which its end is located above the pipe 7 and is directed upward.

The third pipe 9 is located outside the chamber 2 and has the possibility of forming an annular air flow in the gap between the side surfaces of the chambers, for which its end located in the gap is directed to the side.

In the upper part of the chamber 1 (Fig. 1) there is an ejector 10 and a pipe for exhausting combustion products into the atmosphere.

The bottom of the device has a capacity of 11 (any shape) for waste incinerated.

The device operates as follows.

The tank 11 with oily waste (figure 1) is installed under the chambers 1 and 2. Then, the waste is ignited, then the chambers 1 and 2 are lowered into the tank and the fan 4 is turned on.

The air flow from the fan through the duct 5 is supplied to the ejector 10, as a result of which a vacuum is created in the chamber 1, and, due to the ejection effect, atmospheric air is drawn into the gaps between the tank 11 and the side surface of the chamber 1, as well as between the side surfaces of the chambers 1 and 2.

At the same time, from the fan through the outlet 6 of the duct 5 and the injection nozzles 7, 8 and 9, three pressurized air flows begin to flow: from the nozzles 7 and 8 into the chamber 2 (Figs. 1, 2, 3), and from the nozzle 9 - in the gap between the side surfaces of the chambers 1 and 2 (Fig.1, 2, 4).

The air flow pumped from the pipe 7 begins to move in a horizontal plane along the side surface of the chamber and with its pressure (injection effect) creates a horizontal vortex flow inside the chamber 2. Due to the natural draft and the draft created by the ejector 10, the combustion products (incandescent solid microparticles and the gases formed during their combustion) rise from below and fall into the vortex flow. In this case, the air flow from the upwardly directed pipe 8 with its pressure additionally pushes the vortex flow with combustion products upward, thereby increasing thrust.

The movement inside the chambers in a vortex flow allows burning microparticles to stay longer in the combustion zone, which ensures their more complete combustion and reduction in the amount of harmful substances in the gaseous products of combustion entering the environment, and the presence of additional draft speeds up the process of complete combustion of waste, i.e. combustion rate.

The air flow coming from the third pipe 9 into the gap between the side surfaces of the chambers 1 and 2, by its pressure creates an annular flow inside the gap. The result is a uniform pulling of burning particles and products of their incomplete combustion (smoke), flying around the perimeter from the tank 11, into the chamber 1, where they are burned in a vortex stream.

The ejector 10 draws gaseous products of combustion from the upper part of the chamber 1 into the pipe, through which they are removed to the atmosphere.

The device is intended for the burning of oily waste (spent sorbents, cleaning materials, etc.) generated, including during the elimination of emergency oil leaks, as well as waste (spent filter elements, etc.) generated during the repair of vehicles. In this case, depending on the type of fan drive, the device can be used both on specially equipped sites (electric drive), and in the field (drive from the internal combustion engine).

The device can be used to burn any solid waste.

Field tests of the device confirmed the possibility of almost complete (95%) combustion of oily waste and the compliance of gaseous products of combustion into the atmosphere with modern environmental requirements.

Claims (2)

1. A device for burning oily waste, having an outer chamber fixed to the frame with the possibility of vertical movement, an inner chamber fixedly mounted in the lower part of the outer chamber with a gap between the side surfaces, while the lower part of the inner chamber is located outside, as well as a fan, duct, equipped with a tap, a waste container and an ejector in the upper part of the outer chamber, characterized in that the tap is connected to the lower part of the inner chamber and is equipped with three injection nozzles , two of which are located inside the chamber, and the third is outside, while one of the internal nozzles is located below and has the possibility of forcing air into the chamber with the formation of a horizontal vortex flow, the second is the possibility of pumping air up, and the third is the possibility of pumping air into the gap between the side surfaces of the chambers with the formation of an annular flow. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that one of the inner nozzles is located horizontally along the side surface of the chamber, the end of the second nozzle is located above the first nozzle and is directed upward, and the end of the external curved nozzle is located in the gap between the side surfaces of the chambers and is directed sideways.

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