RU124593U1 - DEVICE FOR SEPARATION OF BIOHUMUS FROM WORMS - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A device for separating vermicompost from worms, containing a sieve mounted rotatably by means of a drive, loading and unloading means, characterized in that the sieve is made of at least three screw perforated strips of curved concave or convex shape, described by curves of various orders and degrees of curvature with centers located outside and inside the cross-section of the sieve. 2. A device for separating vermicompost from worms containing a sieve, mounted rotatably by means of a drive, loading and unloading means, characterized in that the sieve is made of at least three perforated strips twisted along helical lines in the longitudinal and transverse directions.

Description

The invention relates to agriculture and can be used in the production of vermicompost.

Known vibration-centrifugal separator containing a cylindrical sieve, which is driven by a crankshaft with a counterweight of the USSR AS, No. 60513, class. B07B, 1/22, 1941. The axis of this sieve during rotation of the sieve describes a cone-shaped surface, i.e. the sieve, in addition to rotational motion, performs circular oscillations in a plane perpendicular to its axis.

A disadvantage of the known device is the difficulty of controlling the amplitudes and directions of the sieve oscillations and the low reliability of the drive in operation, as well as the negative impact of vibration on worms.

Known vibration-centrifugal separator containing a cylindrical sieve mounted for rotation by means of a drive on an axis fixed in bearings with elastic elements, unbalances, hopper-feeder and output trays (AS USSR No. 371981, class B07B 1/22, 1973) Additional unbalances are made in the form of cargo located in a vertical plane in the center of the sieve.

The disadvantage of this separator is limited technological capabilities, design complexity and low operational reliability, as well as the negative impact of vibration on worms.

The technical solution to the problem is to expand technological capabilities, simplify the design, increase the efficiency and quality of the separation of vermicompost from worms.

The technical solution is achieved by the fact that in the device for separating vermicompost from worms containing a sieve, mounted rotatably by means of a drive, the means for loading and unloading according to the first embodiment, the sieve is made of at least three screw perforated strips of curved concave or convex shape, described by curves of various orders and degrees of curvature with centers located outside and inside the cross-section of the sieve, according to the second embodiment, in a device for separating vermicompost from worms containing esheto mounted rotatably by means of drive means of loading and unloading of a sieve made of at least three perforated strips twisted along helical lines in the longitudinal and transverse directions.

According to the patent literature not found a technical solution similar to the claimed, which allows us to judge the inventive step of the proposed device for separating vermicompost from worms.

The novelty is due to the fact that such a design allows us to ensure not only smooth axial movement of vermicompost and worms from loading to unloading with a horizontal axis of rotation of the sieve, but also to ensure intensive mixing.

The novelty lies in the fact that the sieve is made of three or more screwed in a vertical plane and successively connected between each other along the sieve length screw helical stripes of equal curvature in shape forming curved surfaces along the inner perimeter, at each point of which there are multidirectional components of movement that increase efficiency and quality separation of vermicompost from worms, expand technological capabilities.

The novelty is due to the fact that the sieve is made in the form of a unidirectional hollow screw perforated column with a constant cross section that is constant over the entire length, which eliminates the occurrence of oncoming flows of biohumus and worms and increases the efficiency and quality of their separation and prevents injury to the worms.

The novelty is that the sieve is made of the same width and length of three or more perforated strips, which simplifies the design and manufacturing technology of the drum.

The novelty also lies in the fact that due to the internal helical surfaces of double curvature, the vectors of the speed of movement of the worms and biohumus change during transportation from load to unload, which contributes to the intensification of the process of separating worms from biohumus and expands technological capabilities.

The novelty also lies in the fact that the sieve is made of perforated strips of concave or convex curvilinear shape, which expands the technological capabilities.

The novelty is also seen in the fact that, thanks to the many multidirectional vectors at each point on the inner surface of the sieve, not only portions of vermicompost and worms are moved, but also each unit of worms in an individual direction in the direction of unloading in a continuous stream.

The novelty also lies in the fact that sieving surfaces are formed along the perimeter of the sieve in the form of curved surfaces, whose double curvature enhances the effect of separation of vermicompost from worms and prevents their injury.

According to the patent literature not found a technical solution similar to the claimed, which allows us to judge the inventive step of the proposed device for separating vermicompost from worms.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where:

Figure 1 shows a General view of a device for separating vermicompost from worms, front view; figure 2 is a section along aa in figure 1; figure 3 - sieve, General view; figure 4 is a section along BB in figure 3, the centers of curvature of the perforated strips are located inside the cross section of the sieve; figure 5 is a section bB in figure 3, the centers of curvature of the perforated strips are located outside the cross-section of the sieve; figure 6 is a view of the perforated strip according to the first embodiment after twisting its ends relative to the horizontal axis O ₁ -O ₁ ; Fig.7 is a view of a perforated strip after twisting it on a mandrel; Fig.8 is a section-BB in Fig.7; Fig.9 is a section bb in Fig.7 with the alignment of the edges of two perforated strips.

The proposed device for separating vermicompost from worms (figure 1, figure 2) contains a frame 1, made in the form of a welded frame. A drive of the main movement is fixed on the bed, consisting of an electric motor with a reducer 2 and four roller bearings 3. The sieve 4 is equipped with two rims 5 that rely on the roller bearings 3. On the bed 1, a means for loading 6, a receiving tray of vermicompost 7 and a receiving tray of worms are mounted 8. Perforations in the sieve 4 are made only on the receiving tray of vermicompost 7. as shown in figure 1.

The sieve 4 according to the first embodiment (figure 3, figure 4, figure 5) is made unidirectional hollow screw around the perimeter of three or more rolled in a vertical plane and sequentially connected to each other along the length of the sieve perforated strips 9, 10, 11 curved concave or convex in shape relative to the axis of rotation of the sieve and described by curves of various orders and degrees of curvature, for example, lines of the second order of curvature:

;- ellipse

;

- parabola y ² = 2 · p · x;

.- hyperbole

.

Lines of the third order of curvature and higher:

- Cartesian leaf x ³ + y ³ -3 · a · x · y = 0;

- Annezi curl y = a ³ (a ² + x ² );

;- stanoid

;

- Pascal snail (x ² + y ² -2R · x) ² -a ² (x ² + y ² ) = 0, etc.

lines of the nth order of curvature - polynomials.

The connection lines of the perforated strips 9, 10, 11 rolled into a screw form a clearly defined unidirectional three-way or more spiral column - sieve with a constant pitch of helical lines. The perforated strips 9, 10, 11 are connected to each other by known methods, for example, by welding, and with the formation of smooth helical lines along the sieve perimeter along the outer perimeter of the sieve 12-13, 14-15, 16-17 with a constant 4 step helix lengths S and screw grooves K ₁ , K ₂ , K ₃ along the inner perimeter of the sieve 4 (Fig 3, Fig 4, Fig 5).

The sieve 4 according to the second embodiment (FIG. 6, FIG. 7, FIG. 8, FIG. 9) is made of perforated strips 9, 10, 11 twisted in longitudinal and transverse directions along helical lines, i.e. pre-twisted in the longitudinal direction of the perforated strip relative to its longitudinal axis O ₁ -O ₁ , for example 9 (Fig.6), placed on the mandrel 18 (Fig.7, Fig.8) and bent so that the edges 19, 20 of the perforated strip, for example, 9 were rolled up along helical lines. After this, the strip 9 is deformed and removed from the mandrel 18, or fixed on the mandrel 18. The remaining strips 10 and 11 are similarly processed. Then, the three strips 9, 10, 11 deformed in this way, after alignment, for example, edges 19 and 20, are connected, for example, by welding (Fig.9). As a result, three smooth helical lines 12-13, 14-15, 16-17 are formed along the perimeter of the sieve 4 (FIG. 3, FIG. 4, FIG. 5) with a step of the helical lines S and helical grooves K ₁ , K ₂ , K ₃ along the inner perimeter of the sieve 4.

A device for separating vermicompost from worms works as follows.

The mass of vermicompost together with the worms, through the means of loading 6 is loaded inside the sieve 4 (rotating from the drive 2) and with the help of smooth helical lines 12-13, 14-15, 16-17 and screw surfaces are moved along the longitudinal axis of the sieve 4. Complex curvilinear sieving surfaces in the form of a combination of two curved surfaces, at each point of which there are multidirectional components in motion, enhance the effect of mixing and sieving, due to the presence of many multidirectional vectors. The double curvature of the sieve 4 curved screening surfaces in the form of perforated strips 9, 10, 11 provides an increase or decrease in the transport effect or the effect of sifting particles of vermicompost and their separation from the worms.

The combination of the magnitude and direction of the parameters of screw surfaces in combination with the geometric parameters of the sieve allows you to control the complex spatial movement of the mass of vermicompost in sieve 4 and to intensify the separation of worms from the particles of vermicompost.

Technical and economic advantages arise due to the creation of smooth helical lines and grooves in one direction on the inner surface of the sieve, which not only expands technological capabilities, but also ensures the movement of biohumus and worm masses from loading to unloading with a horizontal axis of rotation of the sieve.

Claims (2)

1. A device for separating vermicompost from worms, containing a sieve mounted rotatably by means of a drive, loading and unloading means, characterized in that the sieve is made of at least three screw perforated strips of curved concave or convex shape, described by curves of various orders and degrees of curvature with centers located outside and inside the cross section of the sieve. 2. A device for separating vermicompost from worms, containing a sieve mounted for rotation by means of a drive, means for loading and unloading, characterized in that the sieve is made of at least three perforated strips twisted along helical lines in the longitudinal and transverse directions .

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