RU123843U1 - INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE RELEASE SILENCER - Google Patents

Abstract

1. The silencer of the exhaust output of the internal combustion engine, comprising a housing sequentially divided by partitions into four chambers, an inlet, outlet and first bypass pipe, wherein one of the outermost chambers is filled with sound-absorbing material, and the inlet pipe brings exhaust gases into the third chamber, characterized in which additionally includes a second bypass pipe connecting the third chamber to the fourth chamber, connected by the first bypass pipe to the second camera, from which the exhaust pipe leads into exhaust gases, the first chamber is filled with sound-absorbing material, while the section of the inlet pipe located in the first chamber is perforated. 2. A silencer according to claim 1, characterized in that the first bypass pipe in the second chamber is closed by a plug and perforated. A muffler according to claim 2, characterized in that the partition between the first and second chambers, to which the first bypass pipe is attached, is located as a stub of the first bypass pipe, while the section of the first bypass pipe located in the second chamber is perforated along its entire length in the second chamber. four. A muffler according to claim 1, characterized in that the muffler body (1) is made in the form of a cylinder with a length of (6.0-25.0) d, with a cross section in the form of an oval of size (2.0-9.0) d × ( 1.3-5.6) d, length of the first chamber (2.4-9.6) d, length of the second chamber (1.35-5.4) d, length of the third chamber (0.6-2.3) d, the length of the fourth chamber (1.9-7.6) d, the diameter of the exhaust pipe at the outlet of the housing (0.5-1.5) d, the diameter of the bypass pipes (0.5-1.5) d, where d - diameter of the inlet pipe at the entrance to the housing. 5. The muffler according to claim 4, characterized in that the length of the length of the inlet pipe in the third chamber

Description

Technical field

This utility model relates to mechanical engineering, in particular engine manufacturing.

State of the art

Typically, in the known silencers of the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine, the effect of absorbing sound energy and converting it into heat energy and the effect of acoustic filtering of the pulsation of the gas stream are used, as a result of which the constant component of the gas stream is freely passed into the environment, and the pulsation energy is suppressed due to interference acoustic waves. The engine exhaust noise is broadband and contains acoustic vibrations in almost the entire audible frequency range, which can be arbitrarily divided into sub-bands - low-frequency, medium and high-frequency. To effectively suppress noise in each range, various structural elements are used.

From the prior art it is known, see patent application KR 2002001511599285, published on 02.27.2002, a silencer for the exhaust of an internal combustion engine, comprising a housing sequentially divided by partitions into four chambers, an inlet, outlet and bypass pipe, while one of the end chambers is filled with sound-absorbing material and the inlet pipe serves to supply exhaust gases to the third chamber. This well-known technical solution is selected as a prototype of the claimed utility model.

A disadvantage of the known silencer is the lack of efficiency (the ratio of noise power at the input and output) of noise reduction in the mid-frequency range. The disadvantage is the relatively small ability to configure the spectrum of effective jamming by selecting the geometric dimensions of the chambers, pipes, as well as perforation of the pipes.

Utility Model Disclosure

The claimed utility model solves the problem of increasing the efficiency of reducing the noise of the exhaust of an internal combustion engine and increasing the ability to tune the spectrum of effective noise suppression.

The technical result achieved in the claimed utility model is to increase the efficiency of reducing the exhaust noise of an internal combustion engine in a wide frequency range due to the use of an additional bypass pipe and the fact that the first chamber is filled with sound-absorbing material and the section of the inlet pipe located in the first chamber is perforated.

The technical result is also an increase in the ability to tune the spectrum of effective noise suppression due to the acoustic feedback between the cameras, provided by an additional bypass pipe and perforation of the pipes.

The specified technical result is achieved in the exhaust silencer of the internal combustion engine, including a housing sequentially divided by partitions into four chambers, an inlet, outlet, first and second bypass pipes, while the inlet pipe supplies exhaust gases to the third chamber, the second bypass pipe connects the third chamber to the fourth chamber, connected by the first bypass pipe to the second camera, from which the exhaust pipe discharges exhaust gases, the first chamber is filled with sound-absorbing aterialom and located in the first chamber section of the inlet pipe is perforated.

The first bypass pipe in the second chamber may be plugged and perforated.

The plug between the first and second chambers, to which the first bypass pipe is attached, can be used as a plug for the first bypass pipe, while the section of the first bypass pipe located in the second chamber can be perforated along its entire length in the second chamber.

The silencer body can be made in the form of a cylinder with a length of (6.0–25.0) d, with a cross section in the form of an oval of size (2.0–9.0) d × (1.3–5.6) d, with the length of the first camera can be (2.4–9.6) d, the length of the second camera (1.35–5.4) d, the length of the third camera (0.6–2.3) d, the length of the fourth camera (1 , 9-7.6) d, the diameter of the exhaust pipe at the outlet of the housing (0.5-1.5) d, the diameter of the bypass pipes (0.5-1.5) d, where d is the diameter of the inlet pipe at the entrance to body.

The length of the length of the inlet pipe in the third chamber can be (0.1-0.32) d, the length of the length of the first bypass pipe in the fourth chamber can be (0.2-1.1) d, the length of the length of the second bypass pipe in the third chamber be (0.1-0.32) d, and in the fourth - (0.8-3.8) d.

The section of the outlet pipe located in the fourth chamber and the section of the first bypass pipe located in the third chamber can be perforated.

A section of the outlet pipe located in the fourth chamber can be perforated in a section of length (0.2-1.0) d with the center of the perforated section at a distance of (0.3-1.1) d from the third partition,

and the section of the first bypass pipe located in the third chamber can be perforated in a section of length (0.2-1.0) d with the center of the perforated section at a distance of (0.2-0.9) d from the third partition.

The second bypass pipe may be located in the third and fourth chambers coaxially with the inlet pipe,

The silencer case can be made in the form of a cylinder, with an elliptical cross-section, while all the nozzles can be located along the body in one plane coinciding with the axis of the body and the larger axis of the cross section of the ellipse, and the axes of the inlet and second bypass pipes can coincide with the axis of the housing, and the outlet and first bypass pipes can be located at a distance of (0.6-2.4) d from the axis of the housing on different sides of it.

The sound-absorbing material in the first chamber may be a composite comprising glass fiber and / or basalt fiber and / or metal fiber and / or glass canvas and / or glass mesh and / or polymer film.

Brief Description of the Drawings

Figure 1 shows two projections of a silencer noise exhaust internal combustion engine.

Utility Model Implementation

Presented in figure 1, the silencer of the exhaust output of the internal combustion engine includes a housing 1 sequentially divided by partitions into four chambers 2, 3, 4 and 5, inlet 6, exhaust 7, first 8 and second 9 bypass pipes, while the inlet pipe 6 brings the exhaust gases into the third chamber 4, the second bypass pipe 9 connects the third chamber 4 to the fourth chamber 5, connected by the first bypass pipe 8 to the second chamber 3, from which the exhaust pipe 7 exhausts the exhaust gases, the first chamber 2 is filled with sound-absorbing material scarlet, and located in the first chamber 2 the segment inlet pipe 6 is perforated. The first bypass pipe 8 in the second chamber 3 is closed by a plug, which serves as a partition between the first 2 and second 3 chambers, and is made in the second chamber 3 with perforation 10 along its entire length in the second chamber.

The silencer case 1 is made in the form of a cylinder 11.86d in length, with an elliptical cross-section with axes of 4.33d and 2.76d in size, while the length of the first chamber 2 is 4.42d, the length of the second chamber 3 is 2.7d, length the third chamber 4 is 1.14d, the length of the fourth chamber 5 is 3.3d, the diameter of the inlet pipe at the entrance to the housing, the exhaust pipe at the outlet of the housing and the diameters of the bypass pipes are d, which for this example is 63.5 mm The value of d can vary from 20 to 200 mm.

The length of the length of the inlet pipe in the third chamber is 0.28d, the length of the length of the first bypass pipe in the fourth chamber is 0.47d, the length of the length of the second bypass pipe in the third chamber is 0.16d, and in the fourth - 1.9d.

Located in the fourth chamber 5, a section of the outlet pipe 7 is perforated in a section 11 of length 0.5 d with the center of the perforated section at a distance of 0.6 d from the third partition. A section of the first bypass pipe 8 located in the third chamber 4 is perforated in a 0.7 d section 12 with the center of the perforated section 0.3 d from the third partition.

The second bypass pipe 8 is located in the third and fourth chambers coaxially with the inlet pipe 5.

All nozzles are located along the housing in the same plane, coinciding with the axis of the housing and the larger axis of the ellipse of the cross section of the housing, the axes of the inlet and second bypass pipes coincide with the axis of the housing, and the exhaust 6 and the first bypass 7 pipes are located at a distance of 1.2d from the axis of the housing on either side of her.

The sound-absorbing material in the first chamber is a composite comprising glass fiber and a polymer film.

The action of the silencer is based partly on the principle of absorption of sound energy and converting it into heat energy, partly on the principle of an acoustic filter, in which the constant component of the gas stream is freely passed into the environment, and the ripple energy is suppressed due to reflection and interference of incident and reflected waves. The noise signal of the engine exhaust is broadband and contains acoustic vibrations in almost the entire audible frequency range, which can be arbitrarily divided into sub-bands - low-frequency, medium and high-frequency. To effectively suppress noise in each range, various structural elements are used.

The exhaust gas stream enters the inlet pipe 6, perforated along its entire length in the first chamber 2 and forming, together with the absorbing material, a dissipative noise suppression element. Next, the exhaust gas stream enters the third chamber 4, which is expansion (due to a sharp change in cross section, and is divided into two flows: through the perforation in the 1st bypass pipe 8 enters the second chamber 3, and through the 2nd bypass pipe 9 enters into the fourth chamber 5. The fourth chamber 5 is also an expansion chamber, the gas flow from it enters through the 1st bypass pipe 8 into the second chamber 3 and through the perforation in the exhaust pipe 7 to the exhaust silencer. The second chamber 3 due to perforation in the 1st bypass the branch pipe 8 is resonant. However, the utility model also provides for the option of an open pipe (without perforation). Further, the gas flow from the second chamber 3 also enters the muffler exit through the exhaust pipe 7.

The acoustic efficiency of expansion and resonance chambers is periodic with good efficiency in individual periodic frequency bands and with low efficiency in other periodic frequency bands. These frequency bands are determined by the dimensions of the expansion and resonance chambers and the lengths of the nozzles that enter the chambers. The efficiency of the 2nd chamber as resonance is also determined by the parameters of the perforation of the pipe: the diameter and pitch of the holes, as well as the length of the perforated pipe section.

Selecting the geometric dimensions of the chambers, nozzles, as well as the perforation of the pipes, it is possible to adjust the spectrum of effective silencing to the desired form, depending on the spectrum of the noise emission of a particular engine. The stated ranges of variation of these parameters just determine the tuning of the acoustic efficiency of the muffler.

The utility model provides the ability to customize by changing the acoustic feedback. This feedback is as follows:

- the 3rd chamber 4 is acoustically connected with the 4th chamber 5 not only by the 2nd bypass pipe 9, but also through the 1st bypass pipe 8 and its perforation in the region of the 3rd chamber 4;

- The 4th chamber 5 is acoustically connected to the 2nd chamber 3 not only through the 1st bypass pipe 8, but also through the perforation of the exhaust pipe 7 into the 4th chamber 5.

The acoustic efficiency and frequency tuning of the feedback is determined by the size and location of the perforation along the length of the pipe.

The acoustic efficiency of the proposed silencer circuit can also be tuned through the use of an oval section housing. In a circular cross-section housing, transverse standing waves occur only at frequencies with wavelengths that are multiples of the diameter of the housing. In an oval-shaped housing, transverse standing waves appear already at several frequencies with wavelengths that are multiples of the range between two sizes — the maximum and minimum size of the oval cross-section. By choosing the ratio between these sizes, it is possible to correct the transverse resonances and, accordingly, the shape of the damping spectrum in the mid- and high-frequency region.

Claims (10)

1. The silencer of the exhaust output of the internal combustion engine, comprising a housing sequentially divided by partitions into four chambers, an inlet, outlet and first bypass pipe, wherein one of the outermost chambers is filled with sound-absorbing material, and the inlet pipe brings exhaust gases into the third chamber, characterized in which additionally includes a second bypass pipe connecting the third chamber to the fourth chamber, connected by the first bypass pipe to the second camera, from which the exhaust pipe leads into exhaust gases, the first chamber is filled with sound-absorbing material, while the section of the inlet pipe located in the first chamber is perforated. 2. The muffler according to claim 1, characterized in that the first bypass pipe in the second chamber is closed by a plug and perforated. 3. The muffler according to claim 2, characterized in that the plug between the first and second chambers, to which the first bypass pipe is attached, is located as the plug of the first bypass pipe, while the section of the first bypass pipe located in the second chamber is perforated throughout its entire length during the second the camera. 4. The muffler according to claim 1, characterized in that the silencer body (1) is made in the form of a cylinder with a length of (6.0-25.0) d, with a cross section in the form of an oval of size (2.0-9.0) d × (1.3-5.6) d, length of the first chamber (2.4-9.6) d, length of the second chamber (1.35-5.4) d, length of the third chamber (0.6-2, 3) d, the length of the fourth chamber (1.9-7.6) d, the diameter of the exhaust pipe at the outlet of the housing (0.5-1.5) d, the diameter of the bypass pipes (0.5-1.5) d, where d is the diameter of the inlet pipe at the entrance to the housing. 5. The silencer according to claim 4, characterized in that the length of the length of the inlet pipe in the third chamber is (0.1-0.32) d, the length of the length of the first bypass pipe in the fourth chamber is (0.2-1.1) d , the length of the segment of the second bypass pipe in the third chamber is (0.1-0.32) d, and in the fourth - (0.8-3.8) d. 6. The muffler according to claim 1, characterized in that the section of the exhaust pipe located in the fourth chamber and the section of the first bypass pipe located in the third chamber are perforated. 7. The muffler according to claim 6, characterized in that the section of the exhaust pipe located in the fourth chamber is perforated in a section of length (0.2-1.0) d with the center of the perforated section at a distance of (0.3-1.1) d from the third partition, and the section of the first bypass pipe located in the third chamber is perforated in a section of length (0.2-1.0) d with the center of the perforated section at a distance of (0.2-0.9) d from the third partition. 8. The muffler according to claim 1, characterized in that the second bypass pipe (14) is located in the third and fourth chambers coaxially with the inlet pipe. 9. A muffler according to claim 8, characterized in that the silencer body (1) is made in the form of a cylinder, with an ellipse cross-section, and all nozzles are located along the body in one plane coinciding with the body axis and the larger axis of the body cross-section ellipse moreover, the axes of the inlet and second bypass pipes coincide with the axis of the housing, and the exhaust and first bypass pipes are located at a distance of (0.6-2.4) d from the axis of the housing on different sides of it. 10. The silencer according to claim 1, characterized in that the sound-absorbing material in the first chamber is a composite comprising glass fiber and / or basalt fiber and / or metal fiber and / or glass canvas and / or glass mesh and / or polymer film.

Images