RU122917U1 - DEVICE FOR CLEANING THE INTERNAL SURFACE OF A PIPELINE FROM POLLUTION - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A device for cleaning the inner surface of the pipeline from contamination, containing a source of compressed air, which through the inlet and outlet pipes of the cruciform hydraulic switch and the adapter is connected to the pipeline, thereby forming a working channel, the filling pipe is connected to the container with the working fluid, the drain pipe is connected to a drain tank, and the inlet pipe, the filling pipe and the drain pipe are equipped with shut-off valves, characterized in that the compressed air source is controllable, a nozzle-nozzle is installed in the working channel in front of the hydraulic switch, and a pressure sensor is installed after the hydraulic switch, and a sensor is installed on the surface of the pipeline. thickness gauge 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with a display, the information inputs of which are remotely connected to the information outputs of the pressure sensor and the thickness gauge sensor.

Description

The utility model relates to the cleaning of the inner surface of pipelines from contaminants and deposits using the method of pneumohydraulic shock. The utility model can be used in public utilities for cleaning and cleaning clogged and clogged sewer pipes, central heating radiators and risers, autonomous heat supply systems.

The formation of contaminants in the heating system leads to significant losses of heat transfer media. This in turn increases the heat consumption and the cost of maintaining the required temperature in heated rooms.

A device is known for cleaning the inner surface of a pipeline from contamination using a pneumatic shock [US patent, No. 19988902, "Air pressure flushing gun"].

The device comprises a hand pump having a cylindrical body, inside of which a piston is mounted, which is connected via a rod to the handle. The pump housing is mounted inside a cylindrical container for accumulating compressed air (receiver or air collector). A pressure gauge is installed on the cylinder body, which measures the pressure in the cylinder. An outlet tube is mounted inside the cylinder, the lower end of which goes through the flange to the outside at the bottom of the cylinder. The lower end is equipped with an adapter that allows you to connect to the pipeline of different diameters. At the upper end of the outlet tube, a valve-trigger mechanism is mounted, the spring-loaded control handle of which extends outward at the top of the cylinder, next to the pump handle.

Manually pump the necessary pressure to create 5-8 atm inside the cylinder. Next, the device using the adapter is connected to the pipeline. By pressing the control knob, the valve-trigger mechanism is opened. Air leaving the cylinder sharply strikes a column of water in a blocked pipeline. A kinetic shock wave propagates along a column of water in a pipe 98% longitudinally and only 2% acts on the side walls, while it quickly removes blockages and plugs and leaches dirt particles. The effective length of the cleaned area from pneumatic shock is 50 ÷ 60 m regardless of the configuration of pipelines and system elements.

The disadvantage of this device is that its design does not allow to form a series of pneumatic pulses. The stored energy of compressed air lasts for a maximum of two pulses. Moreover, the second impulse is much weaker than the first. Since the removal of deposits is mainly due to the pressure drop on the surface of the pipeline, which is created by the leading and trailing edges of the traveling shock wave, the cleaning efficiency of the pipeline with this device is low.

The device is not equipped with a means of controlling the degree of purification. The quality of treatment is controlled indirectly by visual assessment of the purity of the drained water and the amount of sediment washed out. With a high probability there is a need to re-fill the piping system with a working fluid and re-cleaning. This significantly increases the time required to clean the pipeline.

In addition, an insignificant part of the stored and expended energy acts on the lateral deposits.

Thus, the device inefficiently consumes the energy stored in the cylinder and inefficiently spends working time on intermediate and auxiliary operations, which reduces the cleaning efficiency.

A device for pneumatic-hydraulic pipe cleaning [US patent, No. 4063317, "Hydro-pneumatic pipe, tube and drain cleaner"].

The device comprises a compressor that is connected to the air inlet of the receiver (air collector). The inlet channel of the receiver is equipped with an inlet valve, for manual adjustment of pressure in the receiver and a one-way valve, to eliminate air leakage from the receiver into the inlet air channel. The output channel of the receiver is equipped with an output controlled valve for manual mechanical control of the output air flow (duration of air pulse, number of air pulses). The output channel is also equipped with a pressure gauge for measuring pressure. The compressor and receiver, with inlet and outlet channels equipped with pressure measuring instruments and manual controls for the inlet and outlet air flows, are a pneumatic gun. The outlet valve is connected to the hydraulic switch, made in the form of a tee containing an inlet pipe, an outlet pipe and a pipe for pouring liquid and draining the liquid, which is equipped with a shut-off valve. At the end of the outlet pipe, an adapter is fixed for connection to a pipeline with a different diameter.

The device is connected to the pipeline using an adapter. The shut-off valve is opened and the working fluid is poured into the piping system. Then the shutoff valve is closed. Open the inlet pneumatic valve and pump the required amount of air with sufficient pressure into the receiver. Then, the outlet controlled valve is sharply opened and shock pneumatic pulses are formed into the working fluid filling the pipeline. The shock water generated by this propagates through the pipeline and removes both blockages and deposits on the walls of the pipeline.

The disadvantage of this device is its low efficiency and long cleaning time of the pipeline. As you know, the maximum cleaning effect on the walls of the pipeline occurs at the moment of passage of the leading and trailing edges of the shock wave. Moreover, the steeper the fronts, the stronger the cleansing effect. Using manual lever control of the outlet valve, it is impossible to create pneumatic pulses with steep fronts, which leads to low cleaning efficiency. It is also impossible to accurately withstand the cleaning mode, i.e. provide the required number of pneumatic pulses, their duration and duty cycle.

In addition, an insignificant part of the stored and expended energy acts on the lateral deposits.

The device does not contain diagnostic tools for the degree of purification. The quality of cleaning is visually controlled by the purity of the drained water and the amount of sediment washed out. With a high probability there is a need to re-fill the piping system with liquid and re-cleaning. This significantly increases the time required for effective cleaning of the pipeline.

The closest in design and technical essence to the claimed is a device for cleaning the inner surface of pipelines from pollution [patent, RF №2179082]. A device for cleaning the inner surface of pipelines from pollution, contains a source of compressed air (pneumatic ram), which is connected through a hydraulic switch (valve body) made in the form of a cross and an adapter (flange nut with adapter) to the pipeline (heating system). The hydraulic switch includes four nozzles. The inlet and outlet nozzles form a working channel. The nozzle for filling is connected to a tank for filling liquid. The drain pipe is connected to the drain tank. The inlet pipe, the filling pipe, and the drain pipe are equipped with shut-off valves. Only one of the shut-off valves can be open, while the other two must be closed.

The cleaning cycle includes connecting the device to the pipeline being cleaned, pouring the working fluid into the piping system, the operating mode by pneumatic shock and draining the working fluid.

The device through the adapter is connected to the pipeline. Open the shutoff valve of the nozzle for filling and create a connection: a container with a working fluid - a pipeline. Fill the pipeline system with a working fluid.

Open the inlet valve of the inlet pipe and create a connection: the source of compressed air is a pipeline. A source of compressed air by a sharp supply of compressed air pulses under high pressure generates shock pneumatic pulses into the working fluid filling the cleaned pipeline. The kinetic energy of the shock wave propagates through a column of water in the pipeline. Part of the energy is spent on removing blockages during the longitudinal propagation of the hydro wave, and part affects the deposits on the inner side walls. The main effect on the deposits is carried out by the leading and trailing edges of the shock hydro-wave pulse.

After cleaning, carry out the discharge of the working fluid and deposits removed from the walls through the hydraulic switch, in which the drain valve is opened.

The disadvantage of this device is the low cleaning efficiency, because: firstly, the device is not equipped with a diagnostic tool and control the thickness of the deposits and the residual thickness of the metal wall of the pipeline, which does not allow you to choose the optimal cleaning mode (maximum pressure in the pipeline during pneumatic shock, quantity and duration of pneumatic pulses); - secondly, the degree of purification is monitored visually by the purity of the drained water and the amount of sediment washed out. With such a control, it is very likely that there will be a need to refill the piping system with working fluid and re-clean it. Or it should be cleaned with an excess (obviously sufficient) number of air pulses. In both cases, significantly increases the time required for effective cleaning of the pipeline.

The objective of the utility model is to increase the efficiency of the cleaning process by increasing the energy spent directly on cleaning from the total energy stored in the receiver and reducing the cleaning time by eliminating some auxiliary operations, which is ensured by choosing the optimal cleaning mode taking into account measurements of the thickness of deposits on the inner wall of the pipeline and residual thickness of the metal wall of the pipeline.

This task is achieved by the fact that in the device for cleaning the inner surface of the pipeline from pollution, containing a source of compressed air, which is connected to the pipeline through the inlet and outlet pipes of the cross-shaped hydraulic switch and the adapter, forming a working channel, the filling pipe is connected to the tank with working fluid , the drain pipe is connected to the drain tank, and the inlet pipe, the filling pipe and the drain pipe are equipped with shut-off valves, according to a utility model, the source of compressed ozduha made controllable, installed in a working channel of the nozzle-nozzle gidrokommutatorom before and after gidrokommutatora mounted pressure sensor, installed on the pipeline surface-thickness gauge sensor.

In addition, the device is equipped with a display, the information inputs of which are remotely connected to the information outputs of the pressure sensor and the thickness gauge.

The installation of a nozzle nozzle in the working channel made it possible to form a concave / convex front of the shock pneumatic wave, which increased the share of energy spent on removing deposits on the side walls of the pipeline by 6-8%.

The installation of a gauge-thickness gauge on the surface of the pipeline makes it possible to evaluate the technical condition of the pipeline by measuring the thickness of deposits on the inner wall of the pipeline and the residual thickness of the metal wall of the pipeline. This information provides the choice of the optimal cleaning mode and reduces the operating time of the cleaning mode. In addition, routine and control measurements eliminate auxiliary operations and further reduce the time for a complete cleaning cycle.

An additional advantage of the claimed device is that cleaning can be carried out with a working heating system or hot water and hot water systems. Information from the pressure sensor and the gauge-thickness gauge allows the operator to select the necessary pressure increment ΔP over the existing pressure in the working system. Moreover, the pressure increment ΔP, which determines the strength of the water hammer, is selected based on the state of the walls of the pipeline, the thickness of the deposits and the pressure in the working system.

The device gives a great economic effect. It is known that scale has 200-300 times worse heat conductivity than metal. With large contaminants, the coolant - hot water, ceases to effectively transfer heat to the environment. A scale layer with a thickness of 1 mm entails an increase in fuel consumption by 2.5%, and a thickness of 4 mm - by 7.5%, which corresponds to an excessive consumption of fuel oil in boiler rooms by 770 kg / day.

Cleaning the heating system, water supply is 8-10 times cheaper than replacing pipes, and the effect of cleaning is comparable to replacing with new pipes, since cleaning is done to metal. The technology used by the device allows cleaning in sections, without parsing cleaned pipes, radiators, heat exchangers and with the current system.

The essence of the device for cleaning the inner surface of pipelines from pollution is illustrated by the drawings.

Figure 1 shows a block diagram of a device;

figure 2 is given a block diagram of a controlled source of compressed air (air gun).

A device for cleaning the inner surface of the pipeline contains (Fig. 1) a controlled source of compressed air 1 (air gun), which is connected through a replaceable nozzle (nozzle) 2, a hydraulic switch 3 and adapter 4 to the pipeline 5 (central heating battery). The hydraulic switch 3 is a cross containing four nozzles 6, 7, 8 and 9. At the ends of the nozzles 6, 8 and 9, shut-off valves 10, 11 and 12 are installed, respectively. Only one of the shut-off valves can be open, the other two must be closed. The shut-off valve 10, the nozzles 6 and 7 form the working channel of the hydraulic switch 3. The shut-off valve 11 and the nozzle 8 form the channel for filling the working fluid into the piping system 5. The shut-off valve 12 and the nozzle 9 form a channel for draining the working fluid from the piping system 5 .. In the working channel a pressure sensor 13 is installed, and a thickness gauge 14 is installed on the surface of the pipeline 5. The outputs of the pressure sensor 13 and the thickness gauge 14 are remotely electrically connected to the portable display 15.

The controlled source of compressed air 1 (can be made on the basis of the “Storm” air gun, designed to store compressed air and its subsequent release in a very short time interval) contains (Fig. 2) a compressor 16, which is connected to the receiver 18 through a check valve 17, the output of which is through a high-speed pneumatic valve 19 of a large flow area with an electromagnetic actuator, connected to the output of the compressed air source 1. The receiver 18 is equipped with a pressure sensor 20, the output of which is electrically connected to the information input of the regulator 21. The control output of the regulator 21 is connected to the control input of the compressor 16. The controlled input of the high-speed pneumatic valve 19 is the control input 22 of the controlled source 1 of compressed air.

Replaceable nozzle-nozzle 2 contains an internal channel with a cross-section that is variable along its length, inside of which inserts are installed. The variable cross-section and inserts create layers of air flow that are different in speed of movement, as a result of which a concave or convex wave front is created at the exit of the nozzle 2. Such a wave front creates a pneumatic shock, in which the energy acting on the lateral deposits on the inner surface of the pipeline increases by 6-8%

The device operates as follows.

A full cycle of cleaning the pipeline and restoring the heating system contains several operations. By controlling the shut-off valves 10, 11 and 12, they form the necessary channel (circuit) for a complete cleaning cycle: drain water from pipeline 5 (heating system), fill the pipeline system 5 with working fluid (cold or hot water), the operating mode, including shock with compressed air, drain contaminants into the tank (or into the drainage) through the drain pipe 9 and valve 12.

The cleaning device (Fig. 1) is connected through an adapter 4 to a pipeline 5, a drain manifold (not shown in the drawing) and to a container with a working fluid (not shown in the drawing). Valves 10 and 12 are closed, respectively, on nozzles 6 and 9, thereby obtaining a filling channel: working fluid — pipeline 5. Fill the entire pipeline system 5 with a working fluid — hot or cold water. Close the valve 11 on the pipe 8 and open the valve 10 on the pipe 6, thereby obtaining a working channel: a controlled source of compressed air 1 - pipe 5.

The thickness gauge 14 is fixed to the outer surface of the pipeline 5. As the thickness gauge 14, an Plus Olympus ultrasonic thickness gauge 38D with sensors M2017 or M2091 can be used. The device uses advanced algorithms for measuring the thickness of the oxide / scale layer on the inner surface of the boiler pipes. At the same time, the device measures the residual metal thickness of the boiler pipe or pipeline. The device can transmit the measured information via the built-in digital or analog interface, as well as remotely via a high-frequency channel. Based on the value of the residual metal thickness of the pipeline 5 and the thickness of the oxide / scale layer on the inner surface of the pipeline 5, the operator can evaluate the condition of the pipeline 5 and select the cleaning modes: maximum pressure ΔР, pulse duration, the required number of pulses for a complete cleaning cycle. Roughly experimental data show that each pulse ΔР = 6 ÷ 7 atmospheres removes 0.4 ÷ 0.5 mm of deposits. The increase in pressure to ΔР = 8 ÷ 10 atmospheres removes 0.5 ÷ 0.9 mm of deposits.

Based on the selected algorithm and modes, the operator acts on the control input 22 of the controlled source 1 of compressed air. The electromagnetic drive is turned on (not shown in the drawing) and the high-speed pneumatic valve 19 with a wide cross section opens (the trigger mechanism is activated).

Depending on the working pressure, the residual thickness of the metal and the degree of deposits in the pipeline, the corresponding pneumatic-hydraulic shock working cycle is formed. A short pulse of compressed air is shot into the pipe, where it generates a kinetic wave propagating through the pipes at a speed of about 1500 m / s. A kinetic shock wave propagates longitudinally along a column of water in a pipe and removes both blockages and plugs, as well as an oxide / scale layer and deposits on the inner surface of the pipeline. The effective impact length is 50 ÷ 60 meters, regardless of the configuration of the pipeline. The pressure sensor 13 in the working channel allows you to track the characteristics of the impact and the current pressure in the system.

After the end of the operating mode of the cleaning cycle, control measurements of the thickness of the oxide / scale layer on the inner surface of the boiler pipes and the residual metal thickness of the boiler pipe or pipe 5 can be made. This will give information on the effectiveness of the cleaning. If necessary, the operating mode of the cleaning cycle can be carried out repeatedly, without replacing the working fluid in the pipeline system, and with other characteristics of the impact.

For convenience and speed of obtaining the measured information, a display 15 is introduced, which is connected via a communication channel to a pressure sensor 13 and a thickness gauge 14.

Then the valve 9 on the pipe 5 is closed, the valve 11 of the drain pipe 6 is opened, and a drain channel 5 is formed, a pipe 5 - a drain tank or drain. Pollution is drained.

Claims (2)

1. A device for cleaning the inner surface of the pipeline from contamination, containing a source of compressed air, which is connected to the pipeline through the inlet and outlet nozzles of the cross-shaped hydraulic switch and the adapter, forming a working channel, the filling nozzle is connected to the tank with the working fluid, the drain pipe is connected to drain tank, and the inlet pipe, the pipe for filling and the drain pipe is equipped with shut-off valves, characterized in that the source of compressed air is made controllable, in working channel before gidrokommutatorom nozzle-set and nozzle after gidrokommutatora mounted pressure sensor, and on the surface of the pipeline set-thickness gauge sensor. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with a display, the information inputs of which are remotely connected to the information outputs of the pressure sensor and the thickness gauge.