RU119736U1 - DEVICE FOR DISINFECTING WATER MEDIA - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A device for the disinfection of aqueous media, including a sealed housing with inlet and outlet pipes for supplying and discharging water, an ultraviolet radiation source placed in it, made in the form of a flask made of material transparent for ultraviolet radiation, filled with an inert gas, and a power supply unit, which is characterized by that the housing is split and consists of a central part, and two covers - lower and upper, an inductor is placed in the walls of the central part of the housing, made in the form of an inductor, the bulb of an ultraviolet radiation source is made in the form of a hollow toroid, which is fixed between the housing covers, a block power supply, located on the central part of the housing, contains a high-frequency current generator connected through electrodes to an inductor that creates an electromagnetic field inside the toroid, and the inlet and outlet pipes for supplying and removing water are located on the upper cover of the housing, while the lower cover is made in such a way, what is provided in Possibility of disinfected water flow around the toroid from outside to inside. ! 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a circuit for controlling the power of the high frequency current generator depending on the flow rate of water to be disinfected.

Description

The proposed device relates to water disinfection systems, including local drinking water treatment systems.

The need to implement local drinking water treatment systems (LAPP) for individual houses and villages is related to the fact that existing water supply systems, although they provide the required degree of purity of tap water and its disinfection, are contaminated with iron, manganese oxides and microorganisms when passing through pipelines. to mention possible accidents.

These systems must include at least the following units:

- filters for mechanical purification of water;

- fine filters - absorbers of salts and heavy metals;

- water disinfectants.

This will allow the population to abandon the use of home filters, the monitoring of which is difficult and which, under certain conditions, themselves become “bacterial incubators”.

In systems designed for disinfecting water, installations are used that include:

- generators of ozone, which is highly active in the interaction with organic and inorganic substances in terms of oxidative processes;

- ceramic and synthetic membranes (cellulose and polymers), which are sieves with cells whose sizes are close to the sizes of bacteria and viruses (10-30 nanometers);

- sources of ultra-violet radiation (UVI).

The UVI water disinfection method has been widely used in the last 20 years throughout the world.

One of the main motivations for using this method was the fact discovered in the 70s of the XX century that the chlorination of water leads to the formation of dangerous by-products. An analysis of the alternative to chlorination disinfection technologies has shown that all oxidative disinfection technologies lead to the formatting of certain by-products, most of which are hazardous to human health.

The second important factor in the promotion of UVI for disinfection was the lack of effectiveness of chlorination against a number of microorganisms, in particular, Cryptosporidium parvum.

Ultraviolet water disinfection is a simple and modern method of water treatment that does not use chemical reagents. The method provides environmental safety, high efficiency and economy. The technology of ultraviolet water disinfection, having a high efficiency effect on bacteria, viruses and protozoa, has a number of advantages compared with oxidative technologies, namely:

- the absence of side effects and secondary products that have a negative impact on human health and the aquatic environment, characteristic of chlorination and ozonation of water;

- no need for special safety measures when working with toxic materials (chlorine, chlorine-containing reagents, ozone);

- low operating costs due to the low energy intensity of UVI equipment for water treatment;

- the compactness of UVI equipment for water treatment, the absence of peripheral systems for its maintenance, the absence of special maintenance personnel.

More than 3,000 UV water disinfection stations for various purposes and with a capacity of more than 1 million cubic meters are operated in the world. m / day

The most common installations for water disinfection are installations, the main element of which are mercury lamps. Vapors of mercury, being in an electric field, emit ultraviolet light. A significant part of the energy of this radiation is in the region with a wavelength of about 250 nm, which, according to available data, coincides with one of the maxima of the absorption of this radiation of DNA and RNA of bacteria and viruses, inactivating these organisms and depriving them of the ability to further division.

One of the drawbacks of mercury lamps is the problem of their collection and disposal, and in practice, there is a high probability of environmental pollution with mercury with the corresponding consequences.

Despite the relatively long service life of these lamps — up to 10 thousand hours — of contacts for turning on the lamp in the electric network, they lead to their “burning” and deterioration of the lamp operation.

As sources of UV radiation, gas discharge lamps are also used.

For example, RF patent No. 2236060 "Gas-discharge source of UV radiation" refers to the field of electrical engineering, in particular, to a gas-discharge source of UVI for processing objects and materials, including for cleaning and sterilizing liquids with UV radiation, and contains a microwave generator, of which the external electrode of the coaxial waveguide is connected to the wall of the gas discharge capacitance (GE), into the cavity of which the central electrode of the waveguide coated with microwave insulation is inserted. CGU is located inside the tank for the medium. The common walls of the CU and the containers for the medium to be treated are made of a material transparent to UV radiation. The most probable embodiment of a gas-discharge source of UV radiation has a GE and a container for the medium being processed in the form of coaxial circular cylinders, the axis of which from the end to the end of the GE is the central electrode of the waveguide. Its end is extended beyond the boundaries of the GE. CGU and the end of the central electrode extending beyond the CGU, is covered with a grid of material opaque to microwave radiation. The insulation of the central electrode and the walls of the GEs are made of the same material.

The disadvantages of the known technical solutions are: design complexity, increased electrical hazard, low efficiency and others.

The closest set of essential features to the proposed technical solution is “Device for cleaning and disinfecting aqueous media” according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2031850, publication date 03/27/1995, this device is selected as a prototype.

The known device contains a sealed enclosure equipped with inlet and outlet openings for passing the processed fluid. A UV radiation source is longitudinally located in the housing, which is a tube filled with air or an inert gas, such as xenon. The ends of the tube are fixed to the end walls of the housing by means of seals and nuts. The ends of the tube are also provided with electrodes connected to a power supply unit, which contains a current rectifier, a storage capacitor, a high-voltage pulse generator and a control circuit.

The disadvantage of this technical solution is the presence of high voltage, the relatively rapid destruction of the electrodes, as well as the uneven irradiation of the disinfected water with UV radiation.

According to experts, gas-discharge lamps using soldered electrodes remain very short-lived. In the electrodes themselves, up to 40% of the input power is lost. A gas discharge in the presence of corrosive elements (mercury, chlorine, sodium, etc.) destroys the electrodes and changes the composition of the working medium inside the flask. An opaque layer gradually forms on the inner surface of the glass. This changes the emission spectrum of the lamp and shortens its life.

The objective of the proposed device is to simplify the design of the UVI generator, increase the durability of the device and increase the efficiency

To solve this problem, a device for cleaning and disinfecting aqueous media is proposed, including a sealed enclosure with an inlet and an outlet pipe for supplying and discharging water, an ultraviolet radiation source placed therein, made in the form of a flask made of a material transparent to ultraviolet radiation and filled with an inert gas, and Power Supply,

execute as follows:

- make the housing detachable and consisting of a central part, and two covers - lower and upper,

- in the walls of the Central part of the housing to place an inductor made in the form of an inductor,

- the flask of the source of ultraviolet radiation to perform in the form of a hollow toroid, mounted between the covers of the housing,

- the power supply, located on the Central part of the housing, must contain a high-frequency current generator connected via electrodes to an inductor that creates an electromagnetic field inside the toroid,

- moreover, the inlet and outlet pipes for supplying and discharging water are proposed to be placed on the upper cover of the housing, while the lower cover is proposed to be made in such a way as to allow the toroid to flow around the disinfected water from the outside to the inside.

The device can be supplemented by an automatic control circuit that allows you to change the power and, accordingly, the radiation intensity depending on the water flow.

A vertical section of the device and isometric projection are presented in figure 1 and figure 2, in which:

1 - the top cover of the device;

2 - pipe for water inlet;

3 - pipe for water outlet;

4 - lower case cover;

5 - the central part of the housing with a high-frequency generator;

6 - inductor;

7 - generator HDTV;

8 - hollow toroid (UVI generator);

9 - inert gas;

10 - gaskets;

11 - slots for the flow of water from the outer cavity into the inner cavity of the device.

The device operates as follows.

Disinfected water enters through the nozzle - 2 located on the lid - 1, and after irradiation leaves through the nozzle - 3.

The source of ultraviolet radiation is a toroid made of a material that is transparent to UVI (for example, quartz glass) - 8, which forms, together with the body - 5, the internal and external cavities, which allows maximum use of the power supplied to the inductor - 6, located inside the wall of the outer case of the device from the high-frequency generator - 7 mounted on the housing.

The electromagnetic field generated by the inductor - 6 excites the atoms (electrons) of the inert gas - 9. The radiation intensity depends on the parameters of the electromagnetic field created by the inductor and the degree of rarefaction of the gas.

A high-frequency current (3-10 MHz) from the high-frequency generator enters through the electrodes to the inductor - 6.

The design of the device is simple and easy to disassemble by unscrewing the lower and upper covers (see Fig. 3), which allows, if necessary, flushing the surfaces of the toroid, the degree of cleanliness of the walls of which significantly affects the transparency of the walls to transmit ultraviolet rays and irradiate water.

The technical and economic effect of the proposed device is to increase the life of the UVI generator by eliminating electrical contacts inside the generator and eliminating, unlike mercury lamps, currently widely used for these purposes, harmful effects on the environment and human health if safety rules are not observed when work with mercury lamps.

Claims (2)

1. A device for disinfecting aqueous media, including a sealed enclosure with an inlet and outlet pipe for supplying and discharging water, an ultraviolet radiation source placed therein, made in the form of a flask made of a material that is transparent to ultraviolet radiation and filled with an inert gas, and a power supply unit, characterized in that the case is made detachable and consists of a central part, and two covers - lower and upper, an inductor made in the form of an inductor is placed in the walls of the central part of the body, source bulb and ultraviolet radiation is made in the form of a hollow toroid, which is fixed between the covers of the housing, the power supply located on the central part of the housing contains a high-frequency current generator connected through electrodes to an inductor that creates an electromagnetic field inside the toroid, the input and output pipes for supplying and water drainage is placed on the upper cover of the housing, while the lower cover is made in such a way that it is possible to flow the toroid with disinfected water from the outside to the inside. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a power control circuit for a high frequency current generator depending on the flow rate of the water to be disinfected.