RU119540U1 - CHARGE-DISCHARGE MODULE (ЗРМ) - Google Patents

Abstract

A charging and discharging module (ZRM) containing a microcontroller unit that transmits commands to a PWM unit, connected to a power switch control unit through a galvanic isolation unit, a discharge unit, a current and voltage level matching unit, a voltage surge protection unit, an input voltage rectification unit, connected to an auxiliary power supply unit and a power switch unit that generates pulses to a power transformer unit connected to a rectifier and output voltage stabilization unit, characterized in that it contains an input current measuring unit connected to an overload protection unit, a protection unit against incorrect battery connection, human-machine interface unit, digital interface unit connected to PWM unit and microcontroller unit.

Description

The utility model (PM) relates to the field of electrical engineering, in particular, to devices for charging and discharging rechargeable batteries (BAT) with a digital control interface, protection from incorrect operator actions and emergency situations, as well as with the possibility of cascading modules to increase the total output power .

A device is known [Patent of the Russian Federation No. 2299638, H02J 7/10, 2003] for accelerated charging of a battery with an asymmetric current, comprising a power unit control circuit including a filter unit, three amplifier units, a battery unit, and a control circuit according to a predetermined algorithm including a control unit connected to a charge algorithm setting unit, a charge mode setting unit and an indication unit, a voltage sensor unit, a power unit connected to supply voltage terminals of ~ 220 V. Analogous features coincide and with the essential features of the PM, are: the control circuit power switches, filter unit, according to the algorithm control circuit, the voltage sensor unit, a power unit.

This device is capable of continuous discharge of the battery, however, the values of the charging and discharge currents are determined by the capacitance of the capacitors included in the corresponding circuit, which eliminates the possibility of changing the charging or discharge current for various types of batteries. To charge a battery with a large nominal capacity and voltage, the use of capacitors of very large overall dimensions and weight will be required, which makes the use of this device practically unrealizable. Other disadvantages of this device are the lack of stabilization of the charging or discharge current during mains voltage fluctuations and the absence of galvanic isolation of the battery from the mains.

Closest to the proposed technical solution is the device "Automatic charge-discharge station" [Patent of the Russian Federation No. 2237268, H02J 7/10, 2006], containing a power part control circuit including a filter unit connected to the supply voltage leads, three amplifier units, a battery unit, and a control circuit according to a predetermined algorithm, including a control unit connected to a charge algorithm setting unit, a charge mode setting unit and an indication unit, a voltage sensor unit, a power supply, soy internal with power voltage outputs, characterized in that a rectifier unit connected to a filter unit, a line filter unit connected to a network rectifier unit, an adjustable charging current source unit connected to a network filter unit and to the first amplifier unit are introduced into the power circuit control circuit , a high-frequency rectifier unit connected to an adjustable charge current source unit, a filter unit connected to a high-frequency rectifier unit, a key unit connected to a second amplification unit iteli and with the filter unit, the capacitor discharge unit connected to the connection point of the filter unit and the key unit, the load unit connected to the capacitor discharge unit, the adjustable discharge current source unit connected to the key unit, with the third amplifier unit and with the connection point of the key unit , a capacitor discharge unit and a filter unit, an inductor unit connected to a connection point of a key unit and an adjustable discharge current source unit, a battery connection unit connected to an inductor unit, com of the voltage sensor and with the battery unit, and the current sensor unit connected to the battery connection unit, the analog-to-digital conversion (ADC) unit connected to the current sensor unit, the voltage sensor unit and the control unit, are introduced into the control circuit according to the specified algorithm pulse width modulation (PWM), connected to the control unit and with three amplifier blocks, an audible alarm unit connected to the control unit and a control panel unit connected to the charge mode setting unit.

Signs of an analogue that coincide with the essential features of PM are the blocks: block of protection against voltage drops (filter block of the analogue), block of rectification of the input voltage (network rectifier block of the analogue), auxiliary power block (power supply of the analogue), rectification and stabilization block output voltage (high-frequency rectifier unit at the analogue), block matching current and voltage levels (current sensor block and voltage sensor block at the analogue), microcontroller unit (single-chip microprocessor with control unit phenomenon PWM unit, a charge unit assignment algorithm, and ADC block assignments in analog mode charging unit).

The reasons hindering the achievement of the technical result are: the absence of an overload protection unit, the absence of a protection unit against incorrect battery connection, the presence of an already installed display unit and an audible alarm unit instead of a human-machine interface unit and an SPI interface unit, as well as the absence of a digital unit interface. In addition, the PWM block is included in the single-chip microprocessor, which does not allow for a high stabilization rate of current or voltage, which in turn prevents the combination of blocks to increase the output current or voltage.

The task to which the PM is aimed was to create a charge-discharge module that provides various options for organizing a human-machine interface, both with direct connection of analog devices and control buttons or with a liquid crystal indicator, and with remote control via a digital communication interface, this ensures the combination of several blocks to increase the output power with the possibility of exchanging data with each other for uniform distribution of output power between multiple blocks.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the ZRM contains an overload protection unit, a protection against battery incorrect connection, a human-machine interface unit, an SPI interface unit, a separate high-speed PWM unit, a digital interface unit, and a discharge unit in the form of an active (variable load) ), which allows, when combining the output terminals of several charge-discharge modules, to distribute the discharge energy between these blocks.

The proposed utility model is illustrated by a drawing (Fig.), Where:

1) block of protection against voltage surges;

2) input voltage rectification unit;

3) auxiliary power unit;

4) power key control unit;

5) power key block;

6) galvanic isolation unit;

7) input current meter block;

8) power transformer unit;

9) PWM block;

10) overload protection unit;

11) the rectification and stabilization unit of the output voltage;

12) microcontroller unit;

13) a unit for matching current and voltage levels;

14) human-machine interface unit;

15) SPI interface unit;

16) digital interface unit;

17) discharge unit;

18) protection block against incorrect connection of the battery.

The operation of the device begins with the supply of supply voltage to the block of protection against voltage drops (1). In this unit, the input voltage supplied to the module is filtered and then fed to the input voltage rectification unit (2), where the alternating voltage is converted to direct voltage and applied to the power switch unit (5) and the auxiliary power unit (3).

The auxiliary supply side (3) generates the supply voltage galvanically isolated from the input circuits for the control part: the microcontroller unit (12) and the PWM unit (9), and also forms the non-isolated supply voltage for the power switch control unit (4).

After the auxiliary power unit generates all the necessary voltages for the module to work, the microcontroller unit (12) is started. This block defines the basic algorithm of the entire device. After starting, the microcontroller unit polls the current and voltage level matching unit (13), the digital interface unit (16) and the human-machine interface unit (14), or an additional expansion module (for example, ZigBee module) connected via the SPI interface (15) in order to to determine how many devices are connected in parallel, which controls are present, and whether there is a remote control device. After diagnosing and interrogating all systems, the microcontroller (12) waits for commands to specify operating modes (charge, discharge, output power level, etc.) from the operator through the human-machine interface unit or from a remote device through the digital interface unit (16). After receiving the start command, the microcontroller block (12) sets the level of the output voltage and output current, as well as the stabilization mode (current or voltage) for the PWM block (9). If the discharge program is specified, a stop command is issued to the PWM block (9), and the level of the required discharge current is output to the discharge block (17). The parameters of the current charge / discharge current, as well as the level of the output voltage, are transmitted to the remote device via the digital interface unit (16) or / and the human-machine interface unit (14).

Upon receipt of a command from the microcontroller unit (12), the PWM unit (9) delivers control pulses through the galvanic isolation unit (6) to the power switch control unit (4).

Further, using the power switch unit (5), the input voltage is supplied by pulses to the power transformer unit (8), where the input voltage is reduced and applied to the rectification and stabilization unit of the output voltage (11).

Data on the level of the output current and voltage is supplied to the block matching the current and voltage levels (13). In this block, the levels of the output current and voltage are matched to the levels necessary for the microcontroller block (12) and the PWM block (9). Also in block (13), a feedback loop compensation scheme is implemented.

In the event that data on incorrect connection of the battery terminals or the overload protection block (10) using the input current meter unit (7) detects overcurrent or voltage overload from the protection block against incorrect connection (18), then the start command to the PWM block (9) or the discharge unit (17) is blocked, after which the error is recorded by the microcontroller unit (12) and transmits information about the type of error to the human-machine interface unit (14) and / or the digital interface unit (16).

Currently, the company LLC “KRON” made prototypes of the proposed device. Tests have confirmed their performance and compliance with all declared characteristics.

Claims (1)

A charge-discharge module (SRM) containing a microcontroller unit that transmits commands to a PWM unit connected to the power switch control unit through a galvanic isolation unit, a discharge unit, a unit for matching current and voltage levels, an overvoltage protection unit, an input voltage rectification unit, connected to the auxiliary power unit and the power switch unit, forming pulses on the power transformer unit connected to the rectification and stabilization unit of the output voltage, characterized in that INH input current measuring unit connected to the overload protection unit, the security module against incorrect connection of the battery unit HMI, a digital interface unit connected to the PWM unit and the microcontroller unit.