RU118369U1 - MOTOR-HEATING ENGINE - Google Patents

Abstract

A thermal-magnetic motor containing a stator, a magnetic system of two opposite-pole permanent magnets, a shaft mounted perpendicular to the stator, a rotor in the form of two disks placed on the shaft, active elements made in the form of ferromagnetic plates and placed on the rotor disks along their perimeter, and tubes for hot and cold water supply, characterized in that the stator is made in the form of two stationary disks made of non-metallic material, installed parallel to each other, multi-pole permanent magnets are fixed on the edges of the stationary disks from their back side with the formation of pole gaps, the shaft is coaxially connected to the stator through bearings , the rotor consists of two disks located between the poles of permanent magnets, one disk is made solid, and the second is in the form of a ring, the solid disk is fixedly fixed on the shaft, and the active elements - ferromagnetic plates are mounted on the solid disk with ribs, while their inner ends are directed to the shaft, and the distance between pl with astinam is S = 0.2 ÷ 20 mm, the annular disk is fixed on the plates, the tubes for supplying hot and cold water are installed inside the annular disk and fixed on the stationary disk of the stator, while the tube for supplying hot water is located opposite the pole gap of permanent magnets, and cold water supply pipe - at an angle of 15 ÷ 330 ° from the permanent magnets in the direction of rotation of the rotor disks.

Description

A useful model is a magnetothermal engine designed to convert magnetothermal energy into mechanical and / or electrical energy, relates to the field of energy and can be used in aviation to create engines and generators of electric energy, including autonomous energy supply systems.

Known magnetothermal engine (RF Patent for the invention No. 2167338, 2001), which contains a stator, a magnetic system of two opposite-pole permanent magnets, a shaft mounted perpendicular to the stator, a rotor in the form of two disks placed on the shaft with the possibility of rotation around its axis, active elements made in the form of ferromagnetic plates and placed on the rotor disks along their perimeter, and tubes for supplying hot and cold water.

A disadvantage of the known device is its low power for converting magnetothermal energy into mechanical and / or electrical energy due to the impossibility of placing a large number of active elements on the rotor disks due to their location flat on the periphery of the disks, which limits the scope of the magnetothermal device.

The objective of this utility model is to increase the total mechanical or electrical power of a magnetothermal engine by increasing the number of ferromagnetic plates placed in the interpolar gap of the permanent magnets of the magnetic system due to their installation on the solid rotor disk with ribs.

The problem is solved in that in the known magnetothermal engine containing a stator, a magnetic system of two opposite-pole permanent magnets, a shaft mounted perpendicular to the stator, a rotor in the form of two disks, active elements made in the form of ferromagnetic plates and placed on the rotor disks along their perimeter , and tubes for supplying hot and cold water, according to a utility model, the stator is made in the form of two fixed disks of non-metallic material mounted parallel to each other, The magnetic magnets are mounted on the edges of the fixed disks on their back with the formation of inter-pole clearances, the shaft is coaxially connected to the stator through bearings, the rotor consists of two disks placed between the poles of the permanent magnets, one disk is solid, and the second is a ring, a solid disk fixedly mounted on the shaft, and the active elements - ferromagnetic plates mounted on a solid disk with ribs, while their inner ends are directed to the shaft, and the distance between the plates is S = 0.2 ÷ 20 mm, the ring disk is fixed n on the plates, pipes for supplying hot and cold water are installed inside the annular disk and fixed on the fixed disk of the stator, while the pipe for supplying hot water is opposite the interpolar gap of permanent magnets, and the pipe for supplying cold water is at an angle of 15 ° ÷ 330 ° from permanent magnets in the direction of rotation of the rotor discs.

The proposed magnetothermal engine allows you to increase the total mechanical or electrical power and expand the scope of its application.

Figure 1 shows a diagram of a magnetically warm engine.

Figure 2 shows a section in section aa

Figure 3 shows a magnetically warm motor from the side of the placement of permanent magnets of the magnetic system.

Magnetothermal engine contains fixed disks 1 and 2 of the stator, disks 3, 4 of the rotor, shaft 5, the active elements are ferromagnetic plates 6, poles of permanent magnets 7, bearing 8, a pipe for supplying hot water 9, a pipe for supplying cold water 10.

The stator is made in the form of two fixed disks 1 and 2 of non-metallic material mounted parallel to each other. Permanent magnets 7 are mounted on the edges of the fixed disks 1 and 2 of the stator on their back with the formation of interpolar clearances, and the shaft 5 is coaxially connected to the fixed disks 1 and 2 of the stator through bearings 8. The rotor consists of a solid disk 3 and an annular disk 4, located between by the poles of permanent magnets 7. The solid disk 3 of the rotor is fixedly mounted on the shaft 5, and the active elements - ferromagnetic plates 6 are mounted on the solid disk by 3 edges, while their inner ends are directed to the shaft 5, and the distance between the ferromagnetic plates s 6 is S = 0,2 ÷ 20 mm. The rotor annular disk 4 is mounted on the ferromagnetic plates 6, and the hot 9 and cold 10 water supply tubes are installed inside the annular disk 4 and mounted on the stator fixed disk 2, while the hot water supply tube 9 is located opposite the pole gap of the permanent magnets 7, and tube 10 for supplying cold water - at an angle of 15 ° ÷ 330 ° from the permanent magnets 7 in the direction of rotation of the disks 3 and 4 of the rotor.

The inventive magnetothermal engine operates as follows.

Since the active elements - ferromagnetic plates 6 are mounted to the solid rotor disk 3 by ribs, several ferromagnetic plates 6 are simultaneously located in the interpolar gap of the permanent magnets 7. Hot water is supplied through the tube 9 to the interpolar space of the permanent magnets 7. At the same time, the active elements - ferromagnetic plates 6 located in the interpole gap of permanent magnets 7 are heated to a temperature at which the ferromagnetic plates 6 become paramagnetic (Lose its magnetic properties) and consequently expelled from the space interpolar magnets 7 with a force directly proportional to the jump in magnetization active elements 6 and the magnitude of the gradient magnetic field of the magnetization in the magnet pole gap 7.

Since the heated ferromagnetic plates 6 are rigidly attached to the rotor disk 3, the rotor mounted on the movable shaft 5 rotates due to the impulse received from the plates 6, as a result, other (neighboring) plates that have not yet been subjected to inter-pole gap of the magnets 7 hot water, and the cycle repeats.

The cooling zone of the ferromagnetic plates 6 covers the area behind the permanent magnets 7 (outside the range of magnetic forces), which greatly facilitates the use of cold water for efficient heat removal from the heated plates 6 to a temperature at which they completely restore their original magnetic state.

All active elements - ferromagnetic plates 6 in each of the cycles of their separate, sequential heating - cooling, acquire a mechanical impulse, which they give to the disk 3 of the magnetothermal engine rotor in the direction of its rotation. The angular velocity of rotation of the rotor disk 3 is determined by the resulting force acting on it, the value of which is directly proportional to the magnetic field gradient per unit length of magnets 7 in the working gap, the total mass of active elements - ferromagnetic plates 6, simultaneously falling under the magnetic field, the magnitude of the ferromagnetic magnetization plates 6, which is practically realized in the heating - cooling cycle, the rate of phase transition from the ferromagnetic state to the paramagnetic state and vice versa.

Thus, when installing ferromagnetic plates 6 on a solid rotor disk 3, the number of plates (and, consequently, their total mass) located in the inter-pole gap of magnets 7 falling within the range of the magnetic field (permanent magnets 7) increases with ribs, resulting in an increase in the angular rotational speed of the disk 3 rotor.

The selection of a specific material of the ferromagnetic plates 6 is determined by the choice of a heater and a cooler, i.e., the value of the phase transition temperature (Curie point) of a ferromagnet from the ferromagnetic state to the paramagnetic state. With the selected heater and cooler (hot and cold water), gadolinium Gd, which has a phase transition temperature (Curie point) close to room temperature (20 ° C), is the best material for plates 6. When using a gadolinium plate there is no need to heat water to high temperatures (up to 80 ° C).

The selected range of the distance between adjacent ferromagnetic plates 6 is explained by the fact that, at a distance S <0.2 mm, the heating temperature of the ferromagnetic plates 6 located in the interpolar space of the permanent magnets 7 will decrease due to heat spreading through other neighboring plates, as a result of which the heating temperature of the ferromagnetic plates 6 may not reach the temperature at which the ferromagnetic plates 6 become paramagnetic (lose their magnetic properties).

At a distance S> 20 mm between adjacent ferromagnetic plates 6, the influence of a magnetic field on the neighboring (unheated) plate will weaken, as a result, the magnet will not attract this plate to itself and the rotation of the rotor will stop. In addition, with a large gap, the number of ferromagnetic plates 6 placed between the poles of the permanent magnets 7 decreases, which will lead to a decrease in their total mass, on which the angular speed of rotation of the disk 3 of the rotor depends.

The location of the cold water supply pipe 10 to the permanent magnets 7 closer than at an angle of 15 ° will lead to a decrease in the heating temperature of the ferromagnetic plates 6 located in the interpolar gap, as a result they will not reach the temperature at which the ferromagnetic plates 6 become paramagnetic (lose their magnetic properties).

The location of the tube 10 for supplying cold water to the permanent magnets 7 further than at an angle of 330 ° will cause the ferromagnetic plates 6 to not have time to cool down and restore their magnetic properties.

Using the utility model will increase the mechanical or electrical power of the magnetothermal engine and expand its scope, which will undoubtedly give an economic effect.

Claims (1)

A magnetothermal motor containing a stator, a magnetic system of two opposite-pole permanent magnets, a shaft mounted perpendicular to the stator, a rotor in the form of two disks placed on the shaft, active elements made in the form of ferromagnetic plates and placed on the rotor disks along their perimeter, and tubes for hot and cold water supply, characterized in that the stator is made in the form of two fixed disks of non-metallic material mounted parallel to each other, multi-pole permanent magnets are fixed to the edge x fixed disks on their back with the formation of interpolar clearances, the shaft is coaxially connected to the stator through bearings, the rotor consists of two disks placed between the poles of permanent magnets, one disk is solid, and the second is in the form of a ring, a solid disk is fixedly mounted on the shaft and the active elements — ferromagnetic plates — are mounted on the solid disk with ribs, while their inner ends are directed to the shaft, and the distance between the plates is S = 0.2–20 mm, the annular disk is fixed on the plates, and the supply tubes hot and cold water are installed inside the annular disk and mounted on the fixed disk of the stator, while the tube for supplying hot water is opposite the interpolar gap of the permanent magnets, and the tube for supplying cold water is at an angle of 15 ÷ 330 ° from the permanent magnets in the direction of rotation of the rotor disks .