RU112574U1 - LAMP - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A luminaire containing a fluorescent lamp with a pair of ignition electrodes and electronic control gear with a high-frequency converter, the fluorescent lamp is connected in parallel with a high-frequency high-voltage capacitor, characterized in that the lamp power circuit is supplemented with inductance to form it and a high-frequency high-voltage capacitor of a series resonant LC circuit, inductance circuit one end is connected to the output of the high-frequency converter of electronic control gear, and the other end - to the lamp and the capacitor of the circuit, while the resonant frequency of the series LC-circuit is equal to the frequency of the output voltage of the DC-to-AC converter, and the values of inductance, capacitance, Q-factor of the series circuit are determined from the following conditions:! ; ! ; ! where! fg is the repetition rate of the high-voltage output pulses of the high-frequency converter of the electronic ballast; ! fc is the resonant frequency of the series LC circuit; ! fg = fc; ! π = 3.14; ! L, C, R - parameters of capacitance, inductance, ohmic resistance of the inductance of the series LC-circuit; ! Rн - lamp resistance; ! - quality factor of the circuit; ! Uout - output voltage of the electronic ballast high-frequency converter; ! Uп is the ignition voltage (breakdown) of the lamp with shorted electrodes; ! Uн - rated operating voltage of the fluorescent lamp. ! 2. The lamp according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains sequentially connected lamps, each with two electrodes.

Description

The solution relates to the field of electrical engineering and can be used in luminaires with fluorescent lamps, including ballasts for ignition and power supply of fluorescent lamps designed to illuminate rooms for various purposes.

A known lamp with a fluorescent lamp, with glow electrodes, including electronic ballasts connected to a power source, the outputs of which are electrically connected to the lamp electrodes, all electrodes of each lamp filament are paired, and a high-frequency high-voltage starting capacitor is connected in parallel with the output of ballasts and parallel to the lamp (see the description of the patent of the Russian Federation No. 95065 for the utility model “Lamp with a fluorescent lamp (options)”, IPC Н05В 41/295, published June 10, 2010, bul. . №16). In this case, it is possible to use several lamps interconnected by electrodes in series. This lamp is selected as the closest analogue. The specified lamp allows the use of failed lamps with dangling filaments for illumination and to extend both the life of the lamps and the life of new fluorescent lamps by shorting the filaments to prevent current from flowing through the filaments. In addition, the specified lamp due to the exclusion of heating of filaments can reduce energy consumption. However, the search for solutions to reduce energy consumption with limited energy resources are always relevant.

The objective is to reduce the energy consumption of the luminaire, including a lamp with shorted / torn / burned-out electrodes by minimizing losses in electronic ballasts.

The problem is solved by the design of a luminaire containing a fluorescent lamp with a pair of ignition electrodes and an electronic ballast (hereinafter referred to as electronic ballasts) with a high-frequency converter, the fluorescent lamp is connected in parallel with a high-frequency high-voltage capacitor, in which, unlike the prototype, the lamp power circuit is supplemented with an inductance, with the formation of high-frequency high-voltage capacitor of a series resonant LC circuit, the inductance of the circuit at one end is connected to the output of a high ochastotnogo inverter ballasts, and the other end - the lamp circuit and the capacitor. In this case, the resonant frequency of the series LC circuit is equal to the frequency of the output voltage of the ballasts, i.e. the frequency of the output voltage of the DC-DC to AC converter, and the values of the inductance, capacitance, quality factor of the serial circuit are determined from the following conditions:

where f _g - the repetition rate of the output high-voltage pulses of the high-frequency converter electronic ballasts;

f _{with the} resonant frequency of the sequential LC circuit;

f _g = f _s ;

π = 3.14;

L, C, R - parameters of capacitance, inductance, ohmic resistance of the inductance of the serial LC circuit;

R _n - lamp resistance;

- quality factor of the circuit;

U _o - the output voltage of the high-frequency converter electronic ballasts;

U _p - ignition voltage (breakdown) of the lamp with shorted electrodes;

U _n - rated operating voltage of a fluorescent lamp.

A pair of ignition electrodes is formed from two pairs of leads of the filament either by shorting the filament of the lamp, it is possible to use dangling or burnt filament, or using only one output of the filament, provided that the filament is intact, as well as any combination of the above methods of connecting the electrodes.

In this connection scheme, one lamp can be involved, as well as a chain of series-connected lamps with shorted or broken filament.

Accordingly, when connecting two lamps in series with two electrodes (dangling / shorted filaments), the formulas will have the following form:

where f _g - the repetition rate of the output high-voltage pulses of the high-frequency converter electronic ballasts;

f _g = f _c is the frequency of the high-frequency converter electronic ballasts;

f _c is the resonant frequency of the series LC circuit;

π = 3.14;

L, C, R - parameters of capacitance, inductance, ohmic resistance of the inductance of the serial LC circuit;

R _n - lamp resistance;

- quality factor of the circuit;

U _o - the output voltage of the high-frequency converter electronic ballasts;

U _p - ignition voltage (breakdown) of the lamp with shorted electrodes;

U _n - rated operating voltage of a fluorescent lamp.

Accordingly, when connecting four lamps in series with dangling / shorted filaments, the formulas will have the following form:

where f _g is the frequency of the high-frequency electronic ballast

f _g = f _s; ·

f _c is the resonant frequency of the series LC circuit;

π = 3.14;

L, C, R - parameters of inductance, capacitance, ohmic resistance of the inductance of the serial LC circuit;

Rн - lamp resistance;

U _o - the output voltage of the high-frequency converter electronic ballasts.

U _p - ignition voltage (breakdown) of the lamp with shorted electrodes.

U _n - rated operating voltage of a fluorescent lamp.

Such a number of lamps (1, 2, 4) is found in the most common models of fluorescent lamps.

Accordingly, when i lamps are connected in series with two electrodes (dangling / shorted filaments), the formulas will have the following form:

Where

i - 1, 2, 4, 4, ..., n (natural series of numbers, limited by the capabilities of the electronic ballasts used). The number of lamps used in the lamp, and their power affect the choice of the type of ballasts of a certain power.

When using several lamps, a distinctive feature of electronic ballasts in accordance with the proposal is the ability to ignite all the lamps in the luminaire with one channel (two conductors), even when the output voltage of the high-frequency electronic ballast converter U _{o is} less than the total operating voltage U _{n of} all lamps. This is achieved by selecting the above parameters of the serial LC circuit under conditions of electrical resonance.

The above-described scheme for connecting lamps with two electrodes (shorted / torn / burned-out threads) to a source of high-voltage alternating high-frequency voltage can significantly save electricity due to the following:

- lack of heating of filaments;

- with the above calculated parameters of the serial LC-circuit, the voltage at the terminals of the capacitor is sufficient for stable ignition of the total number of design lamps; under this condition, when the lamp power source (ECG) is turned on due to the coincidence of the resonant frequency of the serial LC circuit and the frequency of the high-frequency electronic ballast, resonant phenomena occur in the device that increase the voltage at the lamp input with respect to the output voltage of the high-frequency electronic ballast converter to a value sufficient for their stable ignition;

- at the above calculated parameters of the serial LC-circuit, the voltage at the terminals of the capacitor is sufficient to maintain the combustion of the total number of design lamps in their operating mode; in this case, only one current-limiting ballast element is used with the same luminous flux. When connecting the lamps with separate parallel channels, each with its own sequential LC circuit with current-limiting ballasts, the energy loss will be higher. Thus, an important feature of electronic ballasts in accordance with the invention is its ability to ignite and maintain the combustion of all series-connected lamp lamps with a single channel.

The use of the resonance phenomenon for igniting lamps in electronic ballasts is known, but the use of resonance to power the lamp in its operating mode is unknown.

The essence of the proposal is illustrated in the drawing, which shows a circuit diagram of the power supply of four lamp lamps with short filament each.

The luminaire contains a lamp power source connected to a conventional 220 V alternating voltage network with a frequency of 50 Hz, and four fluorescent lamps with shorted electrodes. The lamp power source is designed as an electronic ballast (ECG), at the input containing an interference suppression filter 1, as well as a rectifier 2, a high-frequency converter 3, the output of which is connected to the inductance 4 of the serial LC circuit. The inductance 4 of the circuit at the other end is connected to the capacitor 5 of the circuit and the first output of the chain of four 6.1-6.4 lamps connected in series with shorted filaments, each forming a pair of lamp ignition electrodes, as is clearly seen in the figure.

At the other end, the capacitance 5 is connected to the second end of the chain of series-connected lamps 6.1-6.4 and the second terminal of the high-frequency converter 3 of the electronic ballast. The parameters of the LC circuit (inductance, capacitance, quality factor) by conventional engineering calculations are calculated so that the resonant frequency of the serial LC circuit is equal to the frequency of the output voltage of the DC-DC converter to variable ballasts, and the inductance, capacitance, quality factor of the serial circuit are determined from the above conditions .

The high-frequency converter is made according to the standard self-generating circuit described in the source Yu.N. Davidenko 500 circuits for ham radio. Modern circuitry in lighting - St. Petersburg: Science and Technology, 2008, p .98, 199, and produces a rectangular AC voltage of 150 V with a repetition rate of 30 kHz.

The device operates as follows.

The mains voltage of 220 V 50 Hz passes through the noise suppression filter 1, where the radio noise is filtered, and passes to the rectifier 2. Rectifier 2 converts the mains AC voltage to DC. This rectified direct voltage from the rectifier 2 is supplied to the converter 3, which converts the constant voltage into alternating high-frequency, usually more than 20 kHz. An alternating high-frequency voltage from the output of the converter 3 is supplied to a series resonant LC circuit, where voltage is transferred from the capacitor 5 of this circuit to a chain of lamps 6.1-6.4. Due to the fact that the resonant frequency of the series LC circuit is equal to the frequency of the output alternating voltage of the electronic ballast converter 3 due to the effect of electrical resonance, this voltage is increased in relation to the output voltage of the high-frequency electronic ballast converter and is sufficient to ignite all lamps of the lamp and maintain them in burning mode. The total operating voltage of all lamps 6 is greater than the output voltage of the converter 3 electronic ballasts. This situation appears in the most common when using models of luminaires with T8 fluorescent lamps: 4 × 18 W, 2 × 36 W, 2 × 58 W, etc. This power supply scheme is applicable for all types of industrially produced fluorescent lamps: linear, U-shaped , ring, compact. Lamps of different capacities can be included in a series circuit.

In the case of a conventional lamp supply circuit, the output voltage of the electronic ballast / converter is less than the ignition voltage of the lamps and more than the voltage of their burning, therefore, for their ignition, an increased voltage relative to the input voltage, which is formed by electrical resonance in a series LC circuit, is used. To maintain the burning of the lamps, the output voltage / current is limited by inductive ballast. So, in a 2 × 36 W luminaire (T8 lamp), the output voltage of the converter is 150 V, the ignition voltage is 400 V, the nominal operating voltage of the lamp is 103 V. Two 36 W lamps cannot be connected in series to one output of the electronic ballast / converter (103 V × 2 = 206> 150 V), therefore they are connected by separate parallel channels with separate sequential resonant LC circuits and current-limiting ballasts, which additionally increases energy losses in the lamp power circuit.

It is known in the art to use a series resonant LC circuit for igniting discharge lamps in an electronic ballast, however, the set of lamp components from the known electronic ballast supply circuit for lamps using an LC circuit and lamps with shorted, including dangling, filament fluorescent lamps or lamps with involved only one pair of electrodes (one end in a pair of threads). The indicated set is also unknown with the condition that the resonant frequency of the sequential LC circuit is equal to the frequency of the output voltage of the DC-DC converter to variable ballast equipment, and the circuit parameters determined in accordance with the above engineering calculations. The indicated set is also unknown with the condition that the resonant frequency of the sequential LC circuit is equal to the frequency of the output voltage of the DC-DC converter to variable ballast equipment, and the circuit parameters determined in accordance with the above conditions that allow to stably ignite and maintain the combustion of all series-connected lamp lamps with one channel ( two conductors), even when the total operating voltage of the lamps is greater than the output voltage of the converter Gear.

Claims (2)

1. A luminaire containing a fluorescent lamp with a pair of ignition electrodes and an electronic ballast with a high-frequency converter, a fluorescent lamp connected in parallel with a high-frequency high-voltage capacitor, characterized in that the lamp power supply circuit is supplemented with an inductance to form a high-frequency high-voltage capacitor with a series resonant LC circuit, inductance one end connected to the output of the high-frequency converter electronic ballasts uyuschey apparatus, and the other end - the lamp circuit and the capacitor, the resonance frequency of the serial LC-circuit is a frequency converter DC output voltage to AC, and the values of the inductance, capacitance, quality factor defined serial circuit of the following conditions:

;

;

where f _g - the repetition rate of the output high-voltage pulses of the high-frequency converter electronic ballasts; f _{with the} resonant frequency of the sequential LC circuit; f _g = f _s ; π = 3.14; L, C, R - parameters of capacitance, inductance, ohmic resistance of the inductance of the serial LC circuit; Rн - lamp resistance;

- quality factor of the circuit; U _o - the output voltage of the high-frequency converter electronic ballasts; U _p - ignition voltage (breakdown) of the lamp with shorted electrodes; U _n - rated operating voltage of a fluorescent lamp. 2. The lamp according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains series-connected lamps each with two electrodes.