RU111714U1 - DEVICE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC LOCKING OF SWITCHING APPLIANCES - Google Patents

Abstract

 A device for electromagnetic locking of switching devices, which contains a system of contactless position signaling devices of switching devices, blocking locks on the drives of switching devices and an electromagnetic key, characterized in that the contactless position signaling devices consist of contactless position sensors and a ferromagnetic acting element, one end of which is secured with a housing on the shaft of the disconnector and its grounding knives of the device, and the other is located above the proximity sensor In response to tripping, the proximity sensors are mounted on a mounting plate installed in the drive of the disconnector, and are located at the extreme points of the position of the acting element, corresponding to the on and off position of the disconnectors and its grounding knives, the signal from which, like the signal from the switch, is fed to the status blocks of the switching device and then in the blocks of terminal cabinets interconnected into a common system, in accordance with the electrical circuit of the electrical installation enable signals locallockfile that through the blocks state switching devices are supplied to a block locks.

Description

The claimed technical solution relates to electrical engineering and can be used as a blocking device for switching devices of electrical installations, in particular power plants and substations.

A device for locking the disconnectors of high-voltage switchgear, which contains a system of electric locks, block contacts and cables. The device has a switch with normally-closed and normally-open contacts without zero positions and a lock that locks its portable handle [1]. The disadvantages of this device are: limited scope; the ability to carry out repairs without breaking only the busbar disconnectors.

A device for electromagnetic interlocking is known, which consists of block locks installed in the drives of switching devices, a power supply unit, automatic signaling block contacts (KSA), the shaft of which is connected to a drive that rotates a rotary element that opens or closes an electrical circuit in a switching device cable lines connecting all the elements into a common electrical circuit [1].

The disadvantages of the known electromagnetic blocking device are: cases of malfunction due to a mismatch during operation of the position of the rotary element of the switching apparatus to the position of the rotary shaft of the KSA contact blocks, which signal the locking circuit about the position of the switching apparatus due to backlash and free moves in the joints details of drive mechanisms and large gaps in the articulated joints of rods; unreliable operation due to the large number of moving and fixed block contacts of the KSA located on the drives of switching devices and connected by cable lines to a common electrical circuit, especially in open switchgears, where the switching devices are located in the open air and there is a problem of maintaining the required level of insulation of electrical circuits. [2].

A device for locking electrical installations containing a system of block locks mounted on the drives of switching devices, and an exchange unit with a system of block locks interacting with a movable rack system, made in the form of a combination of longitudinal and transverse rails, which displays the electrical circuit of the electrical system [3]. This device does not have the ability to automatically change its state and automatically generate permissive voltages for the block locks of switching devices in the electrical circuitry.

The closest technical solution (prototype) is a device for electromagnetic locking of switching devices, containing position signaling devices of switching devices, blocking locks on the drives of switching devices and an electromagnetic key, position signaling devices are made non-contact, consisting of a pointer made of non-magnetic plastic material, one end of which is rigidly fixed with using a powerful permanent magnet on a rotary element of the switching device, which directly produces closing or opening of the electric circuit in the electrical installation diagram, a signal permanent magnet is rigidly fixed to the other free end; reed-mounted wireless transmitters mounted on the design of the switching device on the free end of the mounting plate made of non-magnetic plastic material, which is rigidly fixed to the other end with a powerful permanent magnet on the design of the switching device, at the pointer position points corresponding to the switched on and off position of the switching device; a receiving device, each output of which uniquely corresponds to a continuous encoded radio signal of each reed switch wireless transmitter, and one of the outputs of the receiving device uniquely corresponds to a continuous encoded radio signal of a reed switch wireless transmitter of the electromagnetic key.

However, the disadvantage of this device is: the use of a radio signal, since electrical installations are sources of constant radio interference; the use of permanent magnets, which leads to a possible change in the position of the sensor, as a result of the influence of temperature, humidity, mechanical and electromagnetic effects on the substation.

The objective of the utility model is to increase the reliability of the electromagnetic locking system, expanding the information field and technological capabilities through the use of proximity switches (sensors) as primary transducers of the position of switching devices.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in the electromagnetic locking device, which contains a system of contactless position signaling devices of switching devices, locks on the drives of switching devices and an electromagnetic key, position signaling devices are made non-contact, consisting of a ferromagnetic actuating element and non-contact position sensors, one end of the acting element fixed with a housing on the shaft of the switching device, and the other is located above the proximity sensor the response time, the proximity sensors are mounted on the mounting plate installed in the switching device drive, at the position of the acting element corresponding to the switched on and off position of the switching device, the signals from the proximity sensors are supplied to the switching device drive units, multiplied and fed to terminal blocks connected among themselves into a common system in accordance with the electrical installation diagram; in which a blocking enable signal is generated, the outputs of the status blocks of the switching apparatus are connected by cable lines to the block locks.

The essence of the proposed device is illustrated by drawings: in figure 1 - the drive of the switching device, in figure 2 - the principle of operation of the 90 degree scheme, figure 3 - single-line structural diagram of the locking system.

Figure 1 shows a part of the construction of the drive of the switching apparatus 1. On the shaft of the rotary mechanism (support) 2 with the help of the housing 3, the ferromagnetic acting element 4 is rigidly fixed. In the drive of the switching apparatus, a fixing plate 5 is mounted on the studs 6. On the fixing plate 5, under the ferromagnetic the acting element 4, two sensors 7 are mounted, assembled according to a 90 degree scheme and corresponding to the on and off position of the switching apparatus. The sensors 7 are fixed in such a way that their working surface is located at a certain response distance Δh from the ferromagnetic actuating element 4. When the switching device is switched, its rotary mechanism rotates together with a rigidly fixed acting element 4, which extends above the working surface of the sensor 7. Signals from the sensors 7 enter the status block of the switching apparatus (A) 8, where they multiply and feed into the terminal block 9. In the terminal block block 9, an enable signal is generated lining, which through the status block of the switching apparatus 8 is supplied to the electromagnetic lock lock 10. In this case, it is possible to unlock the electromagnetic lock 10 with the electromagnetic lock key 11.

Figure 2 explains the principle of operation of a system of two proximity switches connected in a 90 degree scheme when switching switching devices (sensors). In the on position of the switching apparatus, the ferromagnetic acting element 1 is located above the proximity switch (sensor) 2, which is in the activated state and sends a signal to the logic circuit. In this case, the proximity switch of the open position 2 is not affected by the ferromagnetic acting element 1 and it is in an unused state. During the switching of the switching apparatus carrying out the operation of the device, the acting element 1 is rotated away from the sensor of the on position 2 by 90 degrees, which translates it into an unworked state. When the switching operation is completed, the switching device is in the off position, which corresponds to the position of the acting element 1 above the sensor of the off position 2.

Figure 3 shows a single-line structural diagram of a part of the electromagnetic interlock system, namely for one bus section with line connections, a power transformer, a voltage transformer and a section switch. In the drive of each disconnector, contactless switches (D) are installed, two on the main and grounding knives, which are connected to block A of the corresponding disconnector. In block A, relay repeaters of signals about the position of the disconnector knives or the state of the switches are installed. Block B is installed in the terminal box of each connection. In this block, the blocking logic of the corresponding connection is formed. A signal about the state of the switch through block A, multiplied signals from blocks A of disconnectors of their own connection and signals of blocks A of other connections involved in blocking are supplied to it. The blocking enable signal generated in block B of the connection in question is fed through relay contacts to the corresponding electromagnetic locks of the disconnector.

Based on the conditions for ensuring the order of operations allowed for the primary circuit by switching devices, an electrical circuit for blocking electromagnets is formed.

In the mode when the supply voltage is not supplied to the electromagnetic interlock device, all proximity switches are in the off state and the interlock enable signal circuits are not assembled. At the same time, no voltage is supplied to the electromagnetic lock sockets and there is no possibility of moving the blocking rod using the electromagnetic lock key.

In the initial state, all units of the device making up the system are de-energized. When voltage is applied to the electromagnetic interlock blocks, the sensors corresponding to the positions of the knives of the switching devices are closed. In the locking logic circuits, the contacts corresponding to the sensors are closed. The locks of switching devices, the actions of which are allowed, voltage is supplied through the formed logic circuits. It is possible to move the blocking rod with the electromagnetic key inserted in the lock.

If it is necessary to carry out operational switching with switching devices for which a resolving signal has not been generated, then it is necessary to perform sequential operations in accordance with the “Operating Instructions for Operational Safety Interlocks in High Voltage Switchgears” [1]. As a result, the logic circuits will be assembled, which will provide voltage to the electromagnetic lock.

Currently, the device according to the proposed scheme has been put into operation and field tests have been carried out, confirming its performance and positive qualities.

Information sources:

1. Instruction manual for operational safety interlocks in high voltage switchgears. Service of excellence and information. M .: Soyuztekhenergo, 1979 p. 9-38

2. Magazine "Electric Stations" No. 8, 2002, article "Analysis of the causes of failures of electromagnetic interlocks at substations of Surgut electric networks", authors: Butkevich VF, Krylov SV, p. 54-60

3. Description of the invention to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2274918, cl. IPC H01H 9/28, dated 22.06.2004

Claims (1)

A device for electromagnetic locking of switching devices, which contains a system of contactless position signaling devices of switching devices, blocking locks on the drives of switching devices and an electromagnetic key, characterized in that the contactless position signaling devices consist of contactless position sensors and a ferromagnetic acting element, one end of which is secured with a housing on the shaft of the disconnector and its grounding knives of the device, and the other is located above the proximity sensor In response to tripping, the proximity sensors are mounted on a mounting plate installed in the drive of the disconnector, and are located at the extreme points of the position of the acting element, corresponding to the on and off position of the disconnectors and its grounding knives, the signal from which, like the signal from the switch, is fed to the status blocks of the switching device and then in the blocks of terminal cabinets interconnected into a common system, in accordance with the electrical circuit of the electrical installation enable signals locallockfile that through the blocks state switching devices are supplied to a block locks.