RU110288U1 - DEVICE FOR WASHING OIL SLUDGES AND BOTTOM DEPOSITS IN A RESERVOIR WITH OIL AND OIL PRODUCTS - Google Patents

Abstract

 A device for washing oil sludge and bottom sediments in a tank with oil and oil products, consisting of a tank with a bottom, characterized in that on the bottom of the tank on the insulators there is a metal plate that acts as one of the capacitor plates, and the other capacitor plate is the bottom of the tank, connected with a measuring generator and mixer, which in turn is connected to a reference generator and a recorder connected through a memory device to a database and connected to The device which is connected to the mixing member formed with a screw, to automatically scour sludge and sediment in the reservoir.

Description

The utility model relates to devices for washing oil sludge and bottom sediments formed at the bottom of vertical steel tanks (hereinafter referred to as the tank) with oil or oil products, as well as for mixing oil and oil products to prevent the formation of deposits and can be used in the oil industry and in the transportation system oil and oil products. Oil sludge and bottom sediments must be removed or their formation prevented so that the useful capacity of the tank is not reduced and the physical and chemical properties of the pumped product are maintained regardless of the time the oil was in the tank.

Devices for mixing oil and oil products in tanks are various mixers or mixers that are installed in tanks through hatches in the 1st belt.

A device for erosion of bottom sediments of the type "Diogenes" which is widely used in the system of transport of oil and oil products [Pipeline transport of oil, ed. S.M. Vainshtoka, textbook for universities: 2 vols., 2nd ed., M; Nedra-Business Center LLC 2006 - 621 p. (p. 394)], comprising a mixing element, a shaft, one end of which is connected to the mixing element and the other to the drive, bearing and sealing elements of the shaft and sealing elements between the device and the tank wall.

The closest in essence to the technical solution of the claimed object of industrial property is “Device for erosion of bottom sediments in a tank with oil and oil products”, patent Ru 2220766 C1 of 01/10/2004, containing a support housing with an element for connecting the device to the tank wall, shaft, one the end of which is connected to the engine, and the other, with the mixing element fixed to it, passes into the reservoir, the support elements and shaft seals relative to the support body, the sealing part between the support body and Lost tank with automatic, cyclic angular rotation of the shaft in a horizontal plane and fixable in various positions about the shaft axis.

A disadvantage of the known devices is the presence in the tanks of bottom sediments and oil sludge, which reduce the useful volume of the tank, clog the dispensing devices designed to pump oil and oil products from the tank, change the physicochemical properties of the pumped product depending on the storage time in the tank and create certain difficulties cleaning the bottom of the tank during repair work. In addition, the on and off of these devices is carried out regardless of the size of oil sludge and bottom sediments at the bottom of the tank. Oil sludge and bottom sediment erosion control is not performed.

Existing regulations on erosion of bottom sediments (RD 153-39.4-078-01 "Rules for the technical operation of reservoirs of oil trunk pipelines and oil depots", RD 39-30-587-81 "Instructions for the operation of the erosion system and to prevent the accumulation of paraffin sediment in oil tanks") are recommended for the operating time of the erosion devices of bottom sediments and do not control the level of oil sludge and bottom sediments at the bottom of the tank and the frequency of switching on and off the erosion devices depending on the physicochemical properties properties of the transported product, which leads to unjustified energy costs.

Oil of various fields contains different amounts of paraffins, asphaltenes, resins and mechanical impurities (table 1).

When transporting oil from various fields through a pipeline and when stored in tanks, oil sludge and paraffins are deposited at different speeds and volumes.

Table 1 Physico-chemical properties of oils Oil Density, kg / m ³ Viscosity at 20 ° С, cSt Pour point (after processing), ° C Saturated vapor pressure at 37.8 ° С, kPa The paraffin content,% Mukhanovskaya 846.2 13.3 -27 139 6.9 Romashkinskaya 862.0 14.2 -42 436 5.1 Usinskaya 836.9 - 3 362 10.8 Yaregskaya 944.9 786.3 (at 40 ° C) - - 1.4

Given the above, there is a need to develop a device that allows you to control the amount of oil sludge at the bottom of the tank and automatically turn on and off the erosion device of oil sludge and bottom sediments, depending on their level in the tank.

This technical result is achieved by the fact that the system for washing oil sludges and bottom sediments contains a tank with a bottom, at a distance h from the bottom, on insulators made, for example, in the form of metal posts, a metal plate with an area of S, sizes L and L ₁ with holes D is located connected to the measuring generator of the IG and to the mixer, which in turn is connected to the reference generator and recorder. The metal plate S plays the role of one of the plates of the capacitor, and the other plate of the capacitor is the bottom of the tank itself, made of the same material as the plate. The recorder is connected through a memory device to a database and connected to an actuator connected to a mixing element located in a tank filled with oil or oil products.

Theoretically, the value of the electric capacitance of the capacitor C _{ISM is} calculated as follows ["Reference on the elements of electronic devices", ed. N.A. Kulikovsky. M. "Energy" 1978, p.279.]:

C _meas = (S × δ) / h, where

S is the plate area (m);

h is the distance between the plate 4 and the bottom 2 of the tank 1 (m);

δ is the dielectric constant of the dielectric located between the bottom of the tank and the plate S.

A device for washing oil sludge and bottom sediments in a tank with oil and oil products, consists of a tank 1 with a bottom 2 on which at a distance h from the bottom 2 on insulators 3 there is a metal plate 4 with dimensions L and L1 and area S, with holes D 5. Metal a plate 4 connected to a measuring generator 6, which in turn is connected to a mixer 7 connected to a reference generator 8 and a recorder 9. A metal plate 4, located on the bottom 2 of the tank 1 on the insulators 3, acts as one of the plates of the sensor, and the other plate of the capacitor is the bottom 2 of the tank 1. The recorder 9 is connected through a memory device 10 to the database 11 and connected to the actuator 12, which is connected to the mixing element 13, equipped with a screw 14 and located in the tank 1, filled with oil or oil products .

In a tank filled with oil or petroleum products by a value of H, when a precipitate is formed in the form of oil sludge or bottom sediments of various compositions, they accumulate on the bottom of the tank (the value of which can be different). The precipitate can freely penetrate through the holes D of the metal plate 4 on the bottom 2 of the tank 1. All equipment of the device is in working condition. As soon as the oil sludge or bottom sediments fill the bottom of the tank, the dielectric constant of the dielectric δ of the capacitor changes, which leads to a change in the electric capacitance of Cm _ism formed by a metal plate 4 with holes D 5 and the bottom 2 of the tank 1. The mixer 7 converts the value of the capacitance of the capacitor C _ISM to the frequency f _ISM , which again enters the mixer 7. Next, the frequency f _{ISM is} compared with the frequency of the reference generator 8 f _supports . The frequency difference (f _supports -f _ISM ) is transmitted to a recorder 9, which stores the obtained values in the database 11 through the memory device 10. Data is processed. If f _supports ± f _meas ≠ 0, the actuator 12 is automatically turned on, connected to the mixing element 13, which is located in the tank filled with oil and oil sludge. The mixing element 13 contains a screw pos. 14, which begins to make rotational movements, mixes and erodes oil sludge or sediment accumulated in the tank. Automatic mixing of the contents of the tank leads to a change in the amount of sludge between the metal plate 4 and the bottom 2. A change in the amount of sludge to 0 leads to a change in the dielectric constant of the dielectric δ and capacitance C _ISM and, as a consequence, to a change in the frequency f _{ISM of the} measuring generator 6. When f _ISM = f _{supports the} signal at the output of the recorder 9 is 0 (f _p = 0), the actuator 12 is automatically turned off and mixing stops.

Thus, by the change in the dielectric constant of the dielectric δ, which is constantly monitored, the proposed design allows real-time control of the deposited oil sludge and its automatic mixing.

Claims (1)

A device for washing oil sludge and bottom sediments in a tank with oil and oil products, consisting of a tank with a bottom, characterized in that on the bottom of the tank on the insulators there is a metal plate that acts as one of the capacitor plates, and the other capacitor plate is the bottom of the tank, connected with a measuring generator and mixer, which in turn is connected to a reference generator and a recorder connected through a memory device to a database and connected to The device which is connected to the mixing member formed with a screw, to automatically scour sludge and sediment in the reservoir.