RU109877U1 - DEVICE FOR CREATING AN OPTICALLY PERMEABLE IMAGE INSIDE A DIAMOND (OPTIONS) AND DEVICE FOR DETECTING THE INDICATED IMAGE - Google Patents

Abstract

 1. A device for creating an optically permeable image inside a diamond, containing a source of working optical radiation, which provides vacancies in diamond, an annealing device, which ensures the drift of vacancies and the creation of NV centers inside diamond that fluoresce under the action of exciting radiation, characterized in that it is adapted to create image, consisting of a given set of optically permeable elements of micron or submicron size, representing clusters of NV centers, in diamond, they yuschem one pre-formed on the surface of the diamond polished optically permeable area, and includes: means (1) for fixing diamond (2) and its coordinated movement in space; ! a source (3) of working optical radiation (4), adapted to form a beam of ultrashort pulse radiation, ensuring the creation of vacancies in diamond (2), grouped into a cluster, and configured to control the quantity and energy of these pulses; ! an optical radiation source (5) adapted to form a continuous radiation beam (6), which provides diamond annealing (2), sufficient for the vacancy drift in the region of the created image element to form NV centers grouped in a cluster, and providing optical excitation of the generated NV -centers; ! a system (7) for supplying said radiation (4, 6) from sources (3, 5) through said optically permeable area (2a), which provides the formation of a focal constriction of beams of said radiation (4, 6) in the region of the intended placement of the element

Description

Technical field

This utility model relates to devices for recording information in diamonds, more precisely, to devices for creating images inside diamonds that carry information for various purposes, for example, known only to a limited circle of people, for example, identification codes, labels identifying diamonds, in particular, devices for creating inside a diamond an optically permeable image invisible to the naked eye using magnifying glasses, and microscopes of various types, inside faceted and not faceted natural diamonds or synthetic diamonds without affecting their absorption characteristics, resulting in damage to the diamond quality.

State of the art

The problem of creating images in diamond volumes, for example, for marking diamonds for their identification and tracking, without prejudice to their quality and, consequently, cost, is well known, since some properties of diamonds make creating such images very difficult.

It is known that diamonds are optically transparent for wavelengths in the visible spectral range in the range 400-700 nm, that diamond is a material of very high hardness, prone to cracking under severe mechanical stress or excessive local heating, and image labels, preferably in the form of readable codes , samples, serial numbers, sequences of alphanumeric characters, in order to prevent unauthorized detection or removal, must be very small and inaccessible to mechanical and chemical Action location and do not change the appearance and commercial value of the diamond.

Various methods are known for applying images to a faceted diamond surface. However, facets of the faceted diamond surface are oriented in different directions, have very small sizes and may not be accessible for tagging and detection if the gemstone is inserted into the frame. In addition, the original surface marks can be destroyed by mechanical and chemical treatment, for example, polishing, etching. Therefore, it is preferable, especially for expensive diamonds, to create mark images under the surface layer of diamond without changing the outer surface.

The creation of two and three-dimensional images in the volume of a diamond is a promising technology both for the purpose of storing information and for use in optical technology.

Known methods for creating images in native diamonds in the form of labels that are opaque to optical radiation due to the development of the volume of disturbed diamond microstructures surrounding natural impurities, for example, a variety of structural defects and impurities invisible to the naked eye, most of which are nitrogen, hydrogen and boron, or due to the introduction of impurity ions, for example, phosphorus, into the diamond structure, creating detectable defective regions.

A known method and system for laser marking of diamonds (RU, 2357870, C1; WO 2006/092035; US, 7284396, B1), in which the engraving of authentication codes in the form of labels in the diamond volume is created by acting on localized internal defects in the diamond volume (atoms of nitrogen, hydrogen, sulfur, phosphorus, nickel, boron and others) by a controlled sequence of laser pulses in the femtosecond range (from several femtoseconds to 200 picoseconds) with the energy carried by each laser pulse above the threshold energy required to cause a post The apparent structural changes (damage) in the diamond crystal at the selected laser wavelength and focusing characteristics. In this case, the radiation is produced by pulses focused below the surface and leading to the formation in the places of random distribution of these defects of growing defective microstructures that are opaque to optical radiation. The signs consist of non-diamond forms of carbon and are formed from several microscopic point marks with a size of several micrometers (2-5 μm) with a distance between adjacent point marks of about 50 μm, and the array of point marks has an area of 250 × 250 μm, and require the use of a special readout for detection devices. However, at the same time:

- created point marks are larger than natural defects in diamond, which reduces the quality and commercial value of diamonds;

- the relative position of the points in the label can be determined only by some geometric combination of them, for example, the vertices of a virtual triangle based on three points, but not the image of the triangle itself;

- stone authentication based on the mutual spatial arrangement of the point marks created in the rough diamond in it cannot be reliable after it is cut, when the position of the part of the point marks relative to the faces and between them can be changed;

- due to the stochastic arrangement of natural defects in diamond, the creation of images having a visual and semantic load is impossible.

A known method of obtaining images in transparent materials (SU, 329899, A), in which a latent image was created in transparent diamond plates measuring 50 × 50 mm and a thickness of 300 μm, cut from natural diamond octahedra. A 50-μm-thick metal mask was applied to the surface of such a sample, in which the desired image was etched by photolithography, after which the sample was bombarded with phosphorus ions. In addition to the color surface image, an internal image appeared, and the plates were subjected to subsequent thermal annealing, as a result of which the color image disappeared. The formed image was thermally stable up to 1200 ° C, not destroyed by the action of light, electric and magnetic fields. However, due to the high lattice hardness, the depth of penetration of phosphorus ions into the diamond and the depth of the internal image cannot be large, therefore, a thin surface layer containing a mark can be removed by polishing or etching, and an increase in the amount of phosphorus impurities in the diamond and the presence of a visually distinguishable image affects its commercial value.

A known method of incorporation into a single-crystal diamond obtained by chemical vapor deposition from a gas (vapor) phase on a diamond substrate, on which the surface where the diamond grows, is mainly free from crystal defects, a manufacturing mark or identification mark (RU, 2382122, C1), in which at least one dopant of a chemical element from the group comprising nitrogen, boron and silicon is introduced into the layer of synthetic diamond material in the form of defect centers emitting during excitation during synthesis enii radiation of characteristic wavelength. In this case, nitrogen can be introduced into synthetic plasma in various forms, usually N ₂ , NH ₃ , air, N ₂ H ₄ , and forms a production mark or identification mark in the form of a layer in which fluorescence with peaks 575 occurs with the corresponding optical excitation nm and / or 637 nm. This fluorescence is quenched, essentially instantly when the excitation source is removed. In this layer containing doping nitrogen, a photoluminescence line at 533 nm can also be observed. Preferably, the manufacturing mark or identification mark is in the form of one or more layers or regions introduced into the diamond material during the synthesis: for example, the shape of the manufacturing mark or identification mark, such as a trademark, may be one or more sets of distinctive layers, periodically distributed in a diamond layer, object or synthetic gem. Recognition (detection) of a manufacturing brand or identification mark can be carried out, for example, visually or using special optical devices. In general, it is preferable to recognize the observer directly with the naked eye, since this method allows one to obtain spatial information, in particular binocular or in-depth information.

In addition, it is well known that the capture of impurities varies depending on the growth sector involved in this process, for example, the growth sector {111} often captures a higher concentration of impurities than the growth sector {100}.

However, in this method of labeling synthetic grown diamonds, a known defect is introduced into the diamond, which does not improve the quality of the diamond, and due to the randomness of the placement of such defects in the diamond during its synthesis, the totality of such introduced defects cannot form any image containing the specified elements.

In addition, this method is a method of growing diamond with a given label, and cannot be used for marking natural diamonds, or artificial diamonds grown using other technologies.

The authors concluded that the most promising direction for creating various latent images in the volume of natural and synthetic diamonds, for example, labels, is the use of optically transparent defects, in particular, due to the presence of nitrogen impurities in the diamond, which are optically permeable to visible wavelengths of the spectrum and allowing after special processing to receive invisible to the naked eye, using magnifying glasses and microscopes of various types, but fluorescent when irradiated in zbuzhdayuschim radiation elements, which together can form a predetermined image within the diamond.

It is known that the main defects in diamonds associated with an admixture of nitrogen are:

Defect A - is similar to a diatomic dipole molecule N _S -N _S , that is, a pair of nitrogen atoms in neighboring nodes of the crystal lattice;

Defect B1 - four nitrogen atoms in the first coordination sphere of a vacancy;

Defect B2 - plate segregation in the {100} plane, belongs to the most easily detectable defects and can be directly observed in an electron microscope. This defect is found only in natural crystals and only in combination with defects A and B1.

Defect C is the simplest nitrogen defect in the crystal structure of diamond, which is a single isolated nitrogen atom in the substitution position. The concentration of nitrogen in the form of C defects in natural diamonds usually does not exceed 10 ¹⁶ cm ^-3 , in some types of crystals it reaches 10 ¹⁸ cm ^-3 or more. Synthetic diamonds typically contain ~ 10 ¹⁹ cm ^{-3 of} nitrogen.

The physical classification of types of diamonds is also known depending on the content of defects associated with nitrogen impurities in a diamond crystal (G. B. Bokiy, G. N. Bezrukov, Yu. A. Klyuyev et al., “Natural and synthetic diamonds”, Moscow, Publishing House "Science", 1986, 221 pp .; Yu.A. Klyuyev, "Natural diamond. Light transmission in the wavelength range of 0.2-25 μm" Tables SSD GSSD 36-82, Moscow, 1983 Publishing Standards):

- Type Ia - the most common (up to 98%) type of natural diamonds containing up to 0.3 at.% Nitrogen. Depending on the form of occurrence of impurity nitrogen in type Ia, several subtypes are distinguished:

- IaA (Pure Type A) - extremely rare in nature, the main form of impurity nitrogen occurring in the form of A defects. It can be obtained by heat treatment of type Ib diamond at temperatures above 1400 ° C;

- IaB1 (Pure type B1) - is extremely rare in nature, the main form of nitrogen entering in the form of B1 defects;

- IaB (Mixed type) - diamonds containing, in addition to A - defects and B1 - defects and B2 defects (pleitelits). This type is further subdivided into “regular” with a constant ratio B1 / B2 and “irregular”, where this ratio is arbitrary;

- Type 1b - the most rare diamonds (0.1%) found in nature. Diamonds of this type contain single nitrogen atoms (defect C) as an admixture of substitution in an amount of up to 10 ²⁰ cm ^-3 and have a yellow color due to the absorption spectrum of defect C. Most synthetic diamonds grown from graphite at low temperatures or in a short time belong to to this type. In diamonds that have undergone a longer growing cycle (usually larger ones) or synthesized or annealed at temperatures above 1400 ° C, defects C begin to transform into defects A, forming an artificial type of diamond Ib + IaA;

- Type IIa - low nitrogen diamonds. Their main classification features: the absence of absorption in the IR range of 1500-1000 cm ^-1 , the pronounced edge of the fundamental absorption in the UV range near 225 nm. Diamonds of this type are quite rare. In some deposits, the proportion of type IIa diamonds does not exceed 1-2%. The concentration boundary determining the affiliation of diamonds to type IIa is very uncertain. Sometimes such diamonds are called "nitrogen-free", "pure", although the nitrogen concentration in some of them can reach ~ 10 ¹⁷ cm ^-3 ;

- Type IIb - blue semiconductor diamonds. They contain even less nitrogen than diamonds IIa, about 10 ¹⁵ cm ^-3 . The blue color and semiconductor properties are due to an admixture of boron (B-defect) with a content of up to approximately 10 ¹⁶ cm ^-3 .

Considering the above, it can be argued that even in diamonds with the lowest nitrogen content in the form of C defects of about 10 ¹⁵ cm ^-3 , in the volume of 1 μm ³ (or 10 ^-12 cm ³ ) there will be about 1000 defects of C - nitrogen atoms in replacement position.

In addition, it is known that in natural diamonds of type 1a, defects A and B1 are capable of transformation into defects C.

For example, a method is known for processing natural diamond of type 1a (RU, 2237113, C2) at a temperature of more than 2150 ° C at a pressure of 6.0-7.0 Gpa and subsequent irradiation of diamonds containing defects A with an electron stream with a dose of 5.10 ¹⁵ -5.10 ¹⁸ cm-2 at 2-4 MeV, and for diamonds containing more than 800 ppm nitrogen impurities in the form of defects A or B1, by an electron flux with an irradiation dose of more than 10 ¹⁹ cm ^-2 , which leads to the formation of isolated nitrogen atoms in the crystal lattice of these diamonds substitution - defects C.

Moreover, it is known that the nitrogen atoms contained in diamonds in the substitutional position — defects C — are able to bind to a vacancy, if one exists and the diamond is at a temperature sufficient to drift the vacancy inside the crystal, forming a new stable defect - the NV center (N - nitrogen, V - vacancy) having unique among all solids radiooptical properties and absorbs in the wavelength range 400-840 nm with maximum absorption cross section at 10 ^-16 cm ² (TLWee, YKTzeng, CCHan, HCChang , W.Fann, JHHsu, KMChen and YCYu, J. Phys. Chem. A 111 (2007), p. 9379; NBManson, JP Harrison and MJSellars, “The nitrogen-vacancy center in diamond re-visited ”, a rXiv: concl-mat / 0601360ν2 (June 5, 2006); F. Jelezko and J. Wrachtrup,“ Single defect centers in diamond: A review ”, phys. stat. sol. (a) 203, No. 13, 3207-3225 (2006) / DOI 10.1002 / pssa.200671403; IN Kupriyanov, VA Gusev, Yu N Pal'yanov and Yu M Borzdov, “Photochromic effect in irradiated and annealed nearly IIa type synthetic diamond ”, J. Phys .: Condens. Matter 12 (2000) 7843-7856. Printed in the UK, 00_Photochr effect iJ1 of Ph Cond M.pdf).

The creation of vacancies in diamond can be provided, for example, under the influence of an electron or ion beam or ultrashort laser pulses.

The creation of NV centers in diamond containing previously created vacancies can be ensured by annealing diamonds at a temperature sufficient to drift vacancies to the location of defects C, for example, by annealing diamonds containing defects C at a temperature of at least 1100 ° C in a furnace in a vacuum leading to the formation of these NV centers (RU, 2237113, C2).

During annealing in a furnace, a thin layer of graphite can form on the surfaces (polished faces) of the diamond, which is undesirable for precious (jewelry) diamonds (diamonds), however, this layer can be easily removed by soft polishing.

When excited by intense optical radiation, the N-V center fluoresces, showing a red or yellow color, this fluorescence can be detected and its presence and the characteristic fluorescence spectrum suggest that there are N-V centers in the diamond.

In the presence of donor impurities in the diamond, which are usually present in most natural and artificial diamonds, the NV center can capture an electron, acquiring a negative charge, and begin to exhibit the known effect of double radio-optical resonance (DROR), which is inherent only to NV centers in diamond and by the presence of which it can be concluded that this crystal is just a diamond, and that it contains precisely NV centers (NBManson, JP Harrison and MJSellars, “The nitrogen-vacancy center in diamond re-visited”, a rXiv: cond-mat / 0601 3602 (June 5, 2006); F. Jelezko and J. Wrachtrup ^∗ , “Single defect centers in diamond: A review ”, phys. stat. sol. (a) 203, No. 13, 3207-3225 (2006) / DOI 10.1002 / pssa.200671403; IN Kupriyanov, VA Gusev, Yu N Pal'yanov and Yu M Borzdov, “Photochromic effect in irradiated and annealed nearly IIa type synthetic diamond”, J. Phys .: Condens. Matter 12 (2000) 7843-7856. Printed in the UK.).

Currently, the ability of N-V centers to fluorescence is used to detect (detect) diamonds in which such centers are formed in the entire diamond volume without forming any images, or to identify (detect) products containing such diamonds.

A known method of incorporation into a single-crystal diamond obtained by chemical deposition, a manufacturing mark or an identification mark (RU, 2382122, C1), in which, during synthesis, a layer is introduced into the layer of synthetic diamond material, in which the main active dopant is molecular nitrogen, boron hydrides or silicon oxides. For example, in the first stage of growing diamond, the synthesis was carried out using 200/250/4500 cm ³ / s (standard cubic centimeter per second) CH ₄ / Ar / H ₂ at a pressure of 200 × 10 ² Pa, at a temperature of 850 ° C in the absence of dopants additives, the second stage of growth was carried out under the same conditions as the first, but with the addition of 0.8 ccm ³ / s 20 ppm. In ₂ H ₆ in hydrogen (0.003 ppm) and with the addition of 25 cm ³ / s 100 ppm. N ₂ in hydrogen (0.5 ppm), and the third stage of growth was carried out under the same conditions as the first, but with the addition of 10 cc ³ / s N ₂ ; in hydrogen (0.2 ppm). As a result, a diamond crystal was eaten with layers containing nitrogen in the form of the centers NV ° and NV ^- in which, with the corresponding shorter wavelength excitation, luminescence occurs at wavelengths of 575 nm and 637 nm, accompanied by electron-vibrational bands.

The combination of these radiations appears orange / red and this luminescence ceases, essentially instantly, when the excitation source is removed. Centers of this type under normal observation conditions do not significantly change the perceived color of the gemstone, since in this case absorption occurs only by defects in the marking layers. This layer is clearly visible under special artificial observation conditions, and the observer can see, for example, by observing through a stone area, a significant area of the layer that emits light inside the volume of the diamond. However, the production mark or identification mark is only a layer of a certain color or a combination of layers of different colors, but an image carrying more specific information cannot be created in the described way.

In addition, this method is a method of growing a diamond with a given label, and cannot be used for marking natural diamonds or artificial diamonds grown by other technologies.

Labels containing diamond nanocrystals with active centers fluorescent under external radiation are known to be used in product protection methods: NV centers (RU, 2357866, C1) or N-E8 centers (RU, 2386542, C1) obtained by electronically affecting diamond nanocrystals or an ion beam, followed by annealing at high temperature, which leads to the formation of NV centers or N-E8 centers located randomly in bulk in the entire volume of the nanocrystal. Then, the nanocrystals containing these optically active centers are introduced into the product, and the authenticity of the product is judged by the presence of the fluorescence effect of the nanocrystals in the product upon exciting optical irradiation.

It is known that the detection of such fluorescence radiation from NV centers (RU, 2357866, C1) can be carried out in a device containing an optical excitation source with a wavelength in the range of 500-550 nm, for example, by radiation from the second harmonic of a yttrium-aluminum garnet laser ( 532 nm), which activates the NV centers and causes their fluorescence, and a photodetector tuned to wavelengths in the range of 630-800 nm, which analyzes the spectral and temporal characteristics of the received fluorescence signal.

The conclusion about the presence of such a label in the product is made on the basis of the spectral characteristics of fluorescence corresponding to the known spectral characteristics of the fluorescence of the NV center, and the difference in the fluorescence signal when excited by and without a resonant microwave field, which indicates the presence of a diamond in which the NV is present centers.

However, the presence of such diamond nanocrystals in the product can only be detected as a certain fluorescent spot in the region containing these nanocrystals.

Utility Model Disclosure

When creating this useful model, the task was to develop a device for creating inside a natural, synthetic, faceted or not faceted diamond an optically permeable image invisible to the naked eye or with the help of magnifying glasses and microscopes of various types, and consisting of mutually spaced optically permeable elements that render negligibly small effect on the absorption characteristics of diamond, while being detected by characteristic fluorescence upon irradiation, giving radiation.

The problem was solved by creating the first embodiment of a device for implementing a method for creating an optically permeable image inside a diamond, containing a source of working optical radiation providing vacancies in a diamond, an annealing device for drifting vacancies and creating NV centers inside a diamond that fluoresce under the action of exciting radiation, characterized in that it is adapted to create an image consisting of a given set of optically permeable micron elements th or submicron size, which are clusters of N-V centers in diamond having a pre-formed on the diamond surface polished optically permeable area, and comprises:

- means (1) for fixing diamond (2) and its coordinated movement in space;

- a source (3) of working optical radiation (4), adapted to form a beam of ultrashort pulse radiation, ensuring the creation of vacancies in diamond (2), grouped into a cluster, and configured to control the quantity and energy of these pulses;

- an optical radiation source (5) adapted to form a continuous radiation beam (6) that provides diamond annealing (2), sufficient for the drift of vacancies in the region of the created image element with the formation of NV centers grouped in a cluster, and providing optical excitation of the generated NV centers;

- a system (7) for supplying said radiation (4, 6) from sources (3, 5) through said optically permeable area (2a), which provides the formation of a focal constriction of beams of said radiation (4, 6) in the area of the proposed placement of the image element inside the diamond ( 2);

- a device control system (17) that provides commands to the means (1) for fixing the diamond (2), radiation sources (3, 5) (4, 6), to the radiation supply system (7).

Moreover, according to the utility model, it is advisable that the device as a source (3) of working optical radiation (4) contain a source that provides ultra-short laser pulses with a duration of the order of 100 fs and a central wavelength of 1058 ± 2 nm.

In this case, according to the utility model, it is advisable that the device as a source (3) of working optical radiation (4) contain a radiation source of ultrashort laser pulses with the possibility of correcting the energy of each pulse and their quantity, which allows providing a total in the region of the specified focal waist (18) integral exposure fluence in the range from 10 ^-3 to 0.4 J / cm ² .

Moreover, according to the utility model, it is advisable that the device as a source of optical radiation (5) contain a laser providing radiation with a wavelength of 532 nm and equipped with a attenuator with a maximum average power of 7 watts.

In this case, according to the utility model, it is advisable that the device additionally contains a dichroic mirror (11) transmitting radiation from the indicated radiation sources (3, 5), and reflecting the fluorescence radiation of the NV centers, and also contains a system (12) for recording the fluorescence of the created image elements through the previously indicated optically permeable polished pad (2a) on the surface of the diamond (2) and providing a measurement of the fluorescence intensity of the generated NV centers.

In this case, according to the utility model, it is advisable that the device control system (17) also provides commands to the registration system (12) and reception of digital information from the registration system (12), its processing, generation of a digital and / or three-dimensional model of the created image, comparison of the created image with a given reference.

Moreover, according to the utility model, it is advisable that the radiation supply system (7) (4, 6) include a dichroic mirror (8), skipping the study of (6) annealing and excitation and reflecting the working radiation (4), an adaptive mirror (9 ), providing correction of the wavefront of the working radiation (4), and the off-axis parabolic mirror (10), adapted to focus the working radiation (4) and the annealing and excitation radiation (6) in the area of the proposed image element inside the diamond perpendicular to the indicated area (2a) .

Moreover, according to the utility model, it is advisable that the device of the radiation supply system (7) provides the possibility of focusing the radiation (4, 6) in the focal region (18), having dimensions in the range from 0.5 to 20.0 μm at a depth of more than 100 microns.

In addition, the task was solved by creating a second embodiment of a device for implementing a method for creating an optically permeable image inside a diamond, containing a source of working optical radiation providing vacancies in the diamond, an annealing device for drifting vacancies and creating NV centers inside the diamond that fluoresce under the action exciting radiation, characterized in that it is adapted to create an image consisting of a given set of optically permeable elements comrade micron or submicron size, which are clusters of N-V centers in diamond having the two previously formed on the diamond surface is optically polished permeable areas, and comprises:

- means (1) for fixing diamond (2) and its coordinated movement in space;

- a source (3) of working optical radiation (4), adapted to form a beam of ultrashort pulse radiation, ensuring the creation of vacancies in diamond (2), grouped into a cluster, and configured to control the quantity and energy of these pulses;

- an optical radiation source (5) adapted to form a continuous radiation beam (6) that provides diamond annealing (2), sufficient for the drift of vacancies in the region of the created image element with the formation of NV centers grouped in a cluster, and providing optical excitation of the generated NV centers;

- a system (7) for supplying said radiation (4, 6) from sources (3, 5) into diamond (2) through one of the aforementioned optically permeable sites (2a), which provides the formation of a focal waist of the beams of said radiation (4, 6) in the region the intended placement of the image element inside the diamond (2);

- a device control system (17) that provides commands to the means (1) for fixing the diamond (2), radiation sources (3, 5) (4, 6), and a radiation supply system (7).

Moreover, according to the utility model, it is advisable that the device as a source (3) of working optical radiation (4) contain a source that provides ultra-short laser pulses with a duration of the order of 100 fs and a central wavelength of 1058 ± 2 nm.

Moreover, according to the utility model, it is advisable that the device as a source (3) of working radiation (4) contain a source of ultrashort laser pulses with the possibility of correcting the energy of each pulse and their quantity, which allows providing a total integral in the region of the specified focal constriction (18) exposure fluence in the range from 10 ^-3 to 0.4 J / cm ² .

Moreover, according to the utility model, it is advisable that the device as a source (5) of optical radiation contain a laser that provides radiation with a wavelength of 532 nm and is equipped with a attenuator, with a maximum average power of 7 watts.

Moreover, according to the utility model, it is advisable that the device additionally contains a registration system (12) that provides fluorescence registration of the created image elements through another optically permeable area (2b) from the indicated areas (2a, 2b), and provides a measure of the fluorescence intensity of the created NV centers .

At the same time, according to the utility model, it is advisable that the device control system (17) also provides for issuing commands to the registration system (12) and receiving digital information from the registration system (12), processing it, and generating a digital and / or three-dimensional model of the created image.

Moreover, according to the utility model, it is advisable that the radiation supply system (7) (4, 6) include a dichroic mirror (8), skipping the study of (6) annealing and excitation and reflecting the working radiation (4), an adaptive mirror (9 ), which provides correction of the wavefront of the working radiation (4) and the off-axis parabolic mirror (10), adapted to focus the working radiation (4) and the annealing and excitation radiation (6) in a given region of the proposed placement of the image element inside the diamond perpendicular to the indicated area ( 2a).

Moreover, according to the utility model, it is advisable that the radiation supply system (7) provides the ability to focus the radiation (4, 6) in the focal region (18), having dimensions in the range from 0.5 to 20.0 μm at a depth of more than 100 μm .

The problem was also solved by creating a third embodiment of a device for implementing a method for creating an optically permeable image inside a diamond, and containing a source of working optical radiation providing vacancies in a diamond, an annealing device for drifting vacancies and creating NV centers inside a diamond that fluoresce under the action exciting radiation, characterized in that it is adapted to create an image consisting of a given set of optically permeable elements in micron or submicron size, representing clusters of N-V centers, in diamond, having one optically permeable polished area previously made on the surface of a diamond, and contains:

- a source (3) of working optical radiation (4), adapted to form a beam of ultrashort pulse radiation, ensuring the creation of vacancies in diamond (2), grouped into a cluster, and configured to control the quantity and energy of these pulses;

- a furnace (19), configured to create an atmosphere or vacuum inert to the diamond, annealing the diamond (2), sufficient for the drift of vacancies in the area of the created image element with the formation of NV centers grouped in a cluster having one optically transparent window ( 19a) and adapted for fixing diamond therein (2) in a position ensuring parallelism of said polished face (2a) of the plane of said window (19a);

- means (1a) for fixing the furnace (19) and its coordinated movement in space;

- a system (7) for supplying radiation (4) from the specified radiation source (3) through the indicated optically permeable area (2a), and providing the formation of a focal constriction of the beam of the specified radiation (4) in the region of the proposed placement of the image element inside the diamond (2).

- a device control system (17a) that provides commands to a radiation source (3) (4) and to a radiation supply system (7).

Moreover, according to the utility model, it is advisable that the device as a source (3) of working radiation (4) contain a laser providing ultra-short pulses with a duration of about 100 fs with a central wavelength of 1058 ± 2 nm.

Moreover, according to the utility model, it is advisable that the device as a source (3) of working radiation (4) contain a laser that provides ultrashort pulses with the possibility of correcting the energy of each pulse and their quantity, which allows providing a total integral in the specified focal region (18) exposure fluence in the range from 10 ^-3 to 0.4 J / cm ² .

Moreover, according to the utility model, it is advisable that the device further comprises an optical radiation source (5a) adapted to form a continuous radiation beam (6a), which provides optical excitation of the created N-V centers, providing radiation with a wavelength of 532 nm.

Moreover, according to the utility model, it is advisable that the device as a source (5a) of excitation contain a laser equipped with a attenuator with an average power of 7 watts.

Moreover, according to the utility model, it is advisable that the device as the specified furnace (19) contain a furnace providing a temperature in the range of 700-1200 ° C filled with argon.

Moreover, according to the utility model, it is advisable that the device additionally contains a dichroic mirror (11), which transmits the working and exciting radiation (4, 6a) of the indicated sources (3, 5a), and reflects the fluorescence radiation of the NV centers, and additionally contains a system ( 12) registration of the fluorescence of the created image elements through the indicated optically permeable polished area (2a) previously made on the diamond surface and providing a measurement of the fluorescence intensity of the created NV centers.

Moreover, according to the utility model, it is advisable that the system (7) for supplying radiation (4) from the specified source (3) also provides the supply of radiation (6a) from the specified source (5a) of radiation through the specified optically permeable area (2a), providing the formation focal waist of the beams of the indicated radiation (4, 6a) in the region of the proposed placement of the image element inside the diamond (2).

Moreover, according to the utility model, it is advisable that the device control system (17a) additionally provides commands to the radiation source (5a) (6a), as well as receiving digital information from the registration system (12), processing it, generating digital and / or three-dimensional model of the created image.

In this case, according to the utility model, it is advisable that the system (7) for supplying the working and exciting radiation (4, 6a) from sources (3 5a) include a dichroic mirror (8) that skips the study (6) of annealing and excitation and reflects the working radiation (4), an adaptive mirror (9), providing correction of the wavefront of the working radiation (4), and a parabolic mirror (10) off-axis, adapted to focus the working radiation (4) and radiation (6a) of excitation in a given region of the proposed placement of the image element inside diamond (2) perpendicular to said platform (2a).

Moreover, according to the utility model, it is advisable that the radiation supply system (7) provides the possibility of focusing the radiation (4, 6a) in the region of the specified focal waist (18), which has dimensions in the range from 0.5 to 20.0 μm at a depth of more 100 microns.

The problem was also solved by creating a device for detecting an optically permeable image inside a diamond by exciting diamond defects that fluoresce in an excited state, and registering their fluorescence radiation, characterized in that it is adapted to detect an optically permeable image inside a crystal, consisting of a set of optically permeable elements micron or submicron size, representing clusters of NV centers, through at least one optically a polished treatment area on the surface of the crystal (2a) and containing:

- a source of excitation radiation (20), adapted to form a beam of continuous optical radiation (21), which provides optical excitation of the N-V centers present in diamond (2) and their fluorescence;

- a dichroic mirror (23) that transmits exciting radiation (21) of the indicated source (20) and reflects the fluorescence radiation of N-V centers;

- a system (22) for generating a beam of exciting radiation providing uniform illumination of the whole diamond (2) with exciting radiation (21) through the indicated one optically permeable area (2a) on the surface of diamond (2), with an intensity sufficient to excite NV centers in the said diamond (2);

- means (1) for fixing the diamond (2) in a position corresponding to the location of its specified polished area (2A) perpendicular to the flow of exciting radiation (21);

- a registration system (24) that provides registration of fluorescence radiation through the indicated one optically transparent polished area (2a) on the diamond surface and the relative position of the radiating elements;

- a spectrometer (29), which ensures the isolation of the fluorescence spectrum of N-V centers against the background of excitation scattered in the crystal of radiation (21) and its registration;

- a system (30) for digital processing of received data from a registration system (24);

- a microwave radiation generator (32) and a strip microwave line (33) connected to it and matched with it, supplying microwave power to the crystal (2);

- a control system (31) that provides commands for turning on / off the source (20) of exciting radiation (21), to means (1) for fixing diamond (2), to a generator (32) of microwave radiation, receiving digital information from the system ( 24) registration to and from the digital processing system (30), identification of the fluorescence spectrum as a spectrum of clusters of NV centers, the formation of a digital and / or three-dimensional model of the detected image.

Moreover, according to the utility model, it is advisable that the registration system (24) contain a band-pass filter (25), which allows one to distinguish the fluorescence spectrum of image elements against the background of scattered radiation (21) of excitation, a translucent mirror (26), which transmits scattered radiation of excitation, attenuated inside diamond (2) and the reflecting part of the fluorescence radiation of the NV centers on the spectrometer (29), the focusing system of the fluorescence radiation (27), which ensures the formation of fluorescent images on the sensitive area of the camera x clusters of N-V centers with a sufficient increase, and a camera (28) that provides registration of the specified image and its transmission to the digital processing system (30) and to the control system (31).

Moreover, according to the utility model, it is advisable that the device as the source (20) of radiation (21) of the excitation contains an optical radiation source that provides radiation with a wavelength of 532 nm.

Moreover, according to the utility model, it is advisable that the device as a source (20) of excitation contain a laser equipped with a attenuator with an average power of 7 watts.

Moreover, according to the utility model, it is advisable that the microwave generator (32) generate a microwave wave with a frequency of 2.87 ± 0.03 GHz and a power of 3 watts.

Brief Description of the Drawings

In the future, the utility model is illustrated by the description of examples of the implementation of the device for creating an optically permeable image inside the diamond according to the utility model with the attached drawings, on which

Figure 1 - diagram of a device for implementing a method of creating an optically permeable image according to a utility model, an embodiment with irradiation of diamond and registration of image elements through one area on the surface of the diamond and annealing with laser radiation;

Figa - diagram of a device for implementing the method of creating an optically permeable image according to a utility model, an embodiment with irradiation of diamond and registration of image elements through two sites on the surface of the diamond and annealing with laser radiation;

Figure 2 - diagram of a device for implementing a method of creating an optically permeable image according to a utility model, an embodiment with irradiation of diamond and registration of image elements through one area on the surface of the diamond and annealing in the furnace;

Figure 3 is a diagram of a device for detecting an image created by a method according to a utility model, an embodiment with irradiation of diamond and registration of fluorescence radiation through one area on the surface of the diamond.

Moreover, the above examples and drawings do not limit the possibilities of implementing a utility model that do not go beyond the scope of the utility model formula.

The best embodiment of the utility model.

The device for creating an optically permeable image according to a utility model can be used to create an image in faceted and not faceted natural and synthesized diamonds. Moreover, the image obtained using the device according to the utility model can be made flat or three-dimensional, contain various flat or three-dimensional elements, for example, in the form of lines, shapes, letters, numbers, symbols consisting of optically permeable elements of micron or submicron size, located in diamond in a certain predetermined region and representing clusters of NV centers, fluorescent when exposed to radiation of certain wavelengths.

Depending on the selected embodiment of the device, irradiating the area of the intended location of the image element with working radiation and exciting radiation focused in the region of the intended location of the image element, and registering the obtained image elements can be performed through at least one pre-made optically permeable polished area on the diamond surface .

The present utility model can be implemented using devices, the schemes of which are presented in FIG. 1 and FIG. 1a, in which the radiation of diamond focused in the region of the intended location of the image element to be created is applied by working optical radiation of an ultrashort pulse, the action of which creates a vacancy cluster in this area, and by constant radiation, the effect of which is annealing, leading to the creation of a cluster of NV centers. In addition, irradiation of the indicated area of the proposed image element with exciting optical radiation is performed, under the influence of which the created clusters of NV centers, if created during the above diamond irradiation, are registered and their creation is recorded by recording the fluorescence radiation of the NV centers, which is the control parameter to confirm the fact that in the area of the proposed cluster of NV centers the number of fluorescent NV centers in the This cluster is sufficient for the desired fluorescence intensity, which makes it possible to detect and identify the created image.

The devices according to the utility model shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 1a, in two embodiments, allow, during all the operations of the method, to irradiate the area of the intended location of the image element with working optical radiation and optical annealing radiation through one area 2a on the surface of diamond 2 (Fig. .1 and 1a), perpendicular to it, and the registration of the obtained image elements through the same area 2a (Figure 1) or through another area 2b on the surface of the diamond (Figure 1a).

In this case, the device shown in FIG. 1 contains:

- means 1, adapted for fixing in different positions of diamond 2 having on the surface at least one optically permeable polished area, for example, area 2a, and coordinated movement of the fixed diamond 2 in space, while said means 1 can be a motorized optical table 1, providing movement of the fixed diamond 2 in increments of 0.5 μm. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that said move step may be any based on the requirements of said means 1, and said value indicates only one of the preferred embodiments.

- source 3 of working optical radiation, adapted to form a beam of radiation 4 ultrashort pulses, providing the creation of clusters of vacancies in diamond 2, and made with the possibility of regulating the energy of these pulses;

- source 5 of optical radiation 6, adapted to form a beam of continuous radiation, annealing diamond 2, sufficient for the drift of vacancies in the location of the created cluster of vacancies, the formation of N-V centers, and providing excitation of the created N-V centers and their fluorescence;

- a system 7 for supplying radiations 4 and 6 to the region of the intended placement of the image element inside diamond 2 with the formation of a focal waist of the beams of the radiations 4 and 6 in the focal region 18, including a dichroic mirror 8, an adaptive mirror 9 and an off-axis parabolic mirror 10;

- dichroic mirror 11, transmitting radiation from sources 3 and 5, and reflecting the fluorescence radiation of N-V centers;

- a system 12 for registering image elements, including a filter 13, a focusing system 14, a photodetector 15, a system 16 for digital processing of received data; and

- a device control system 17 that provides commands to radiation sources 3, 5, a radiation system 7 to a motorized optical table 1, and digital information reception from the registration system 12.

The device shown in FIG. 1a, unlike the device shown in FIG. 1, does not require the use of a dichroic mirror 11.

In this case, the specialist should understand that the registration of fluorescence of clusters of NV centers created in a certain volume of diamond in the aggregate that defines a flat image can be performed from one diamond site, and it is advisable to register the created volumetric image from several diamond sites, each time changing its position by turning it, and using similar registration systems 12.

According to the utility model, it is possible to create vacancy clusters by annealing the diamond in a furnace in a vacuum or inert atmosphere at a temperature of 700-1200 ° С with simultaneous irradiation with exciting radiation and with simultaneous registration of fluorescence radiation of the obtained clusters of N-V centers.

In this case, a device is used in another embodiment, shown in FIG. 2, comprising:

- a source 3 of working optical radiation, adapted to form a beam of radiation 4 ultrashort pulses, providing the creation of clusters of vacancies in diamond 2, and made with the possibility of controlling the quantity and energy of these pulses;

- a furnace 19 with the possibility of creating inside an atmosphere inert to diamond or vacuum, filled with a medium inert to diamond, for example argon, having at least one optically permeable window 19a and adapted for fixing it in different positions of diamond 2,

- means 1a, adapted to fix the furnace 19 on it and coordinate the movement of the furnace 19 with diamond 2 fixed in it in space;

- the source of optical radiation 6a 6a, adapted to form a beam of continuous radiation, providing excitation of the created N-V centers and their fluorescence, which can be used as a source 5 of the device shown in Fig.1;

- a system 7 for supplying radiations 4 and 6a to the area of the intended placement of the image element inside diamond 2 with the formation of a focal waist of the beams of said radiations 4 and 6a in the focal region 18, including a dichroic mirror 8, an adaptive mirror 9, and an off-axis parabolic mirror 10;

- dichroic mirror 11, transmitting radiation from sources 3 and 5a, and reflecting the fluorescence radiation of N-V centers.

- a system 12 for registering image elements, including a filter 13, a focusing system 14, a photodetector 15, a system 16 for digital processing of received data;

- a device control system 17 a providing commands to radiation sources 3, 5 a to a radiation system 7 to means 1 a, receiving digital information from a recording system 12, processing it, and generating a digital and / or three-dimensional model of the generated image.

Moreover, in the variants of the device shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 1a and Fig. 2, a motorized optical table 6-Axis NanoMax NanoPositioner from Thorlabs (www.thorlabs.de/NewGroupPage9 can be used as a means 1 or 1a. cfm? ObjectGroup_ID = 1100).

Moreover, as a source 3 of working optical radiation 4 (Fig.1, 1A and 2) can be used a laser generator of ultrashort pulses, equipped with a harmonic generator, a gate and a attenuator. Currently, there are many commercially available ultrashort pulsed lasers, for example, iterbium, titanium-sapphire, chromium forsterite, erbium fiber systems containing a attenuator, which generate pulses with a duration of 20 fs to 5 ps at wavelengths of the visible and near infrared ranges. These lasers and systems can be supplemented with commercially available harmonic generators, which extends the wavelength range to the UV range.

In the studies, the Avesta-project firm TeMa-1058 ytterbium-based solid-state femtosecond laser, having a pulse duration of about 100 fs at a wavelength of 1058 ± 2 nm and a maximum pulse energy of> 22 nJ, with an adjustable attenuator and a shutter at output, which allows you to open and close the output aperture of the laser at specified times, as well as weaken the energy of the pulses to a predetermined value.

As the source 5 of optical radiation 6 for annealing, which ensures the drift of the created vacancies and the excitation of the created NV centers (Figs. 1 and 1a), and as the source 5a of optical radiation 6a, which provides only the excitation of the created NV centers (Fig. 2), there can be used, for example, a Coherent Verdi G2 laser with an average power of 7 W with a wavelength of 532 nm, equipped with an attenuator.

The radiation supply system 7 4 and 6 (FIGS. 1 and 1a), like the radiation supply system 7a 4 and 6a (FIG. 2), contains a dichroic mirror 8 reflecting radiation 4 and transmitting radiation 6 (FIGS. 1 and 1a) or 6a (FIG. 2), an adaptive mirror 9, which provides the correction of the wavefront of radiations 4 and 6 (Figs. 1 and 1a) or 4 and 6a (Fig. 2), and the parabolic mirror 10 is off-axis, adapted for focusing radiations 4 and 6 ( Figures 1 and 1a) or 4 and 6a (Figure 2) in a predetermined area of the intended placement of the image element inside diamond 2 with the formation of a focal constriction of the beams of the above 4 and 6 in the focal region 18, while the combined effect of the mirrors 9 and 10 should ensure that the radiation 4 and 6 (Figs. 1 and 1a) or 4 and 6a (Fig. 2) are focused in the focal region having dimensions in the range 0, 5-20.0 μm, for example, in the region 18 with a size of 3 μm, and apply radiation 4 and 6 (Figs. 1 and 1a) or 4 and 6a (Fig. 2) perpendicular to the area 2a of diamond 2.

The system 12 for recording (Figs. 1, 1a and 2) of image elements consists of devices that can detect the fluorescence of the created image elements, measure its intensity, and compare it with the standard of image elements, and contains a filter 13, a focusing system 14, a photodetector 15, a system 16 digital processing of the received data.

Moreover, as the photodetector 15, for example, the photodetector SM05PD1A (FDS100) of the company Thorlabs (www.thorlabs.de/thorProduct.cfm?partNumber=FDS100) can be used.

In this case, the filter 13 should have a passband corresponding to the luminescence band of the NV centers and prevent the scattered radiation from passing through sources 3 and 5 (Figs. 1 and 1a) or 3 and 5a (Fig. 2), and the focusing system 14 should provide focusing of the fluorescence radiation from the focal region 18 on the sensitive area of the detector of the photodetector 15.

The control system 17 (FIGS. 1 and 1a) and the control system 17a (FIG. 2), providing commands to radiation sources 3 and 5 (FIGS. 1 and 1a) or 3 and 5a of radiation (FIG. 2), to the system 7 supplying radiation to the means 1 (Fig. 1 and 1a) or 1a (Fig. 2) and collecting and processing data from the registration system 12 (Fig. 1, 1a and 2) with the formation of a digital and / or three-dimensional model of the created image, can be made in the form of a personal computer equipped with additional commercially available digital-to-analog and analog-to-digital converters and software with the help of which it is possible to control these devices and collect data from them. The control systems 17 and 17a must also be equipped with software that allows you to pre-enter a digital model (digital template) of the image to be created, and the geometric dimensions of the diamond crystal or its image in several projections, and provide the commands for moving the tool 1 with diamond 2 in accordance with the specified digital image model. The control systems 17 and 17a provided with the specified software calculate and control the integrated fluence of the working radiation 4 in the focal region 18 and provide the value of the specified integrated fluence of the working radiation 4 and the annealing and excitation radiation 6 or the excitation radiation 6a not exceeding a predetermined threshold value in which the transformation of diamond into graphite or another non-diamond form of carbon occurs.

According to a utility model, the creation of an optically permeable image is possible in both faceted and non-faceted diamond having at least one preformed polished optically permeable surface on the surface. In this case, according to the utility model, it is advisable to create an image in the diamond region, free from extraneous optical inhomogeneities (inclusions, cracks, inclusions, etc.).

The creation of an optically permeable image in a diamond volume is further described when implementing it using a device according to the utility model shown in FIG. 1. However, the method can be similarly implemented in the devices shown in Figa and Fig.2.

At the same time, the authors noted that for diamonds weighing less than 100 μg, the method of creating an optically permeable image is preferable to annealing the diamond by irradiating the region of the assumed location of the cluster of N-V centers with focused continuous optical radiation until a fluorescent cluster of N-V centers is formed.

At the same time, control systems 17 or 17a can provide an irradiation operation for the regions of the proposed arrangement of clusters of N-V centers by working ultrashort pulsed radiation simultaneously with the annealing operation. Or they can provide for the operation of irradiation of the areas of the proposed arrangement of clusters of N-V centers with ultrashort working pulsed radiation simultaneously with the operation of annealing and the operation of irradiation with exciting radiation.

In addition, control systems 17 or 17a can provide an irradiation operation for areas of the proposed arrangement of clusters of N-V centers with ultra-short pulsed working radiation simultaneously with the annealing operation, with the excitation radiation operation, and with the operation of detecting fluorescence radiation.

In the studies conducted by the authors on the implementation of the method for creating images according to the utility model, an embodiment of the method was selected with simultaneous operations of irradiation with working radiation, irradiation with annealing and excitation radiation, and the operation of detecting fluorescence radiation of clusters of N-V centers.

In this case, as the working radiation 4, we used the radiation of ultrashort laser pulses with a duration of about 100 fs with a central wavelength of 1058 ± 2 nm with energy in each pulse, providing in this region a total integrated exposure fluence from 10 ^-3 to 0.4 J / cm ² . Radiation 3 was focused in the focal region 18, having sizes in the range from 0.5 to 20.0 μm, namely 5 μm at a depth of 100 μm. As optical radiation 6, annealing and excitation used optical laser radiation with a wavelength of 532 nm and a power of 0.5 to 100 watts. At the same time, the creation of an image consisting of fluorescent image elements having transverse dimensions of 5 μm relative to the optical axis of the laser beams at a depth of 100 μm was expected.

At the same time, to achieve the desired fluorescence intensity of the created cluster of N-V centers, the concentration of N-V centers in each created cluster of N-V centers was adjusted using the correction of the total integrated fluence of working ultrashort laser pulses in the location of each specified cluster by increasing the number of pulses. However, the specialist in the field of laser technology should be clear that the correction of the total integral fluence can also be made by increasing the energy of subsequent pulses.

The creation of optically permeable images was carried out by the example of creating a flat barcode image in faceted type 1a natural diamond weighing 98 μg in shape, close to cubic, having a polished face 2a and not containing extraneous optically impermeable inhomogeneities (inclusions, cracks, inclusions, etc. .). In this case, the diamond was irradiated with the indicated working radiation 4, annealing and excitation radiation 6, and the radiation of the created fluorescent image elements was recorded through one optically permeable area-face 2a, the diamond was placed in the working radiation stream 4 so that the specified area 2a was perpendicular to the direction of the specified working radiation 4.

The method was carried out as follows.

Diamond 2, in which a polished optically transparent area 2a was previously made on the surface, was placed on the site of the medium 1 with a polished area 2a perpendicular to the axis of the beam from the parabolic mirror 10.

At the command of the control system 17, the source 5 supplied radiation 6, for example, a constant emission of a Coherent Verdi G2 laser of average power 1 W with a wavelength of 532 nm, to the focusing system 7.

At the same time, on the command of the control system 17, the radiation source 3 supplied an ultra-short laser pulse 4 with an energy of 0.2 nJ to the radiation supply system 7, having a duration of about 100 fs at a wavelength of 1058 ± 2 nm, which corresponds to a fluence of about 10 ^-3 J / cm ² , which is much lower than the fluence of 0.4 J / cm ² , at which the transformation of diamond into graphite or other non-diamond form of carbon occurs.

In the supply system 7 of radiation 4 and 6, radiation 4 was reflected from a dichroic mirror 8, from an adaptive mirror 9 controlled by a control system 17, which provided correction of the radiation wavefront 4, and was focused by a parabolic mirror 10 in the region 18 of the proposed placement of the image element in diamond 2, mounted on the tool 1 so that the radiation 4 was directed perpendicular to the area 2A of diamond 2, with the formation of a focal constriction of the beams of the specified radiation 4 and 6 in the focal region 18.

The combined action of the mirrors 9 and 10 provided focusing of the radiation 4 of the source 3 of the working optical radiation into the focal spot 18 with a diameter of 5 μm at a depth of 100 μm under the surface of the diamond. The radiation 6 of annealing and excitation of source 5, for example, with a wavelength of 532 nm and an average power of 1 W, passed through a dichroic mirror 8, reflected from mirrors 9 and 10, focused in the same region 18 inside the diamond as radiation 4 of source 3 of working optical radiation. When focusing an ultrashort laser pulse (s) in the focal region 18, a very high intensity of laser radiation is achieved, the intensity of which is lower than the intensity of ~ 0.4 J / cm ² at which the phase transition of diamond to graphite occurs. In this case, macroscopic damage to the crystal does not occur, but the formation of an electron-hole plasma, its heating, partial violation of interatomic bonds in the crystal, and, as a result, defects in the crystal lattice - vacancies appear.

The impact of the optical radiation of source 5 (or 5a) with a wavelength of 532 nm and a power of 0.5 to 100 W when using the devices shown in Figs. 1 and 2 or annealing the diamond in a furnace at a temperature of 700-1200 ° C in case of use the device shown in Fig. 1a, leads to the heating of the focus region 18, to accelerate the process of generating vacancies, to drift already formed vacancies, as well as to the subsequent excitation of the created NV centers grouped in clusters, using the devices shown in Fig. 1, 1a and 2.

Diamond irradiation with the above radiation 6 was continued for about 20 seconds until the alleged placement of the image element of the fluorescence emission image recorded using the registration system 12 appeared in region 18, which indicated a positive result of annealing with the formation of vacancies, the creation of NV centers, and optical excitation NV centers grouped in the indicated area into clusters of NV centers.

Moreover, during the indicated time, using the photodetector 15 of the image element recording system 12, the signal from which is analyzed by the control system 17, the fluorescence emission level of the clusters of NV centers from the region 18, into which the radiation 6 of the source 5 is focused, was monitored. wavelength ~ 680 nm.

In cases where within the specified 20 seconds the radiation of the NV centers was not detected, or its intensity level was less than the one set by the user, the process of irradiating the indicated area of the proposed placement of the image element was repeated as many times as necessary, gradually increasing the energy of each subsequent ultrashort pulse by 1.1 times, changing the transmittance of the attenuator with which the source 3 of the working optical radiation is equipped, until the desired fluorescence intensity of the NV centers in the focal region was obtained 18. In this case, the integral fluence of pulses of the working optical radiation 4 in the focal region 18, calculated by the control system 17 on the basis of the known pulse energy and the size of the focal spot, was no more than 0.4 J / cm ² , at which the diamond is converted into graphite or another non-diamond form of carbon. When the desired fluorescence intensity was reached in this focal region 18, the process was stopped. Thus, a cluster of NV centers with a transverse size of about 5 μm was obtained.

After a cluster of N-V centers was formed at a given point inside the diamond, the control system 17 gave a command to the means 1 to move in a plane parallel to the diamond face 2a, in accordance with the digital image model entered by the user. So the focal plane 18 was moved to a new location inside the diamond crystal, after which the above operations were repeated.

The above described sequence of operations was repeated a predetermined number of times, as a result of which a predetermined barcode image was formed inside the crystal, consisting of clusters of NV centers of ellipsoidal shape with a transverse size of about 5 μm and a longitudinal size of about 20 μm, mutually spaced at a distance of 5 μm along 5 parallel sections 50 microns long, spaced from each other at distances of 20, 30, 40 and 50 microns.

According to a utility model, the creation of an optically permeable image was also carried out in 10 mg diamonds in the device shown in FIG. 2, in which the diamond containing already created vacancies was annealed, not using laser radiation, but in a furnace in a vacuum or inert atmosphere within 20 s. During annealing in the oven, the entire crystal was heated to a temperature of 700-1200 ° С, which led to the drift of vacancies at distances shorter than the cluster size and to the formation of N-V centers. In this case, the modes of the working radiation sources 3 and the exciting radiation source 5a, and the operation of the systems 7a, 12, 17a and the sequence of operations were similar to the above described modes of the radiation sources 3 and 5 and systems 7, 12 and 17 of the device shown in FIG. 1.

Detection of the created image was performed by the fluorescence effect of the image previously created inside the diamond crystal from clusters of NV centers, under the influence of the excitation radiation, which illuminated the diamond 2. In this case, the detection device according to the utility model, the scheme of which is shown in FIG. 3, allows reading information from a diamond crystal.

The previously recorded information may contain analog or digital information, for example, a unique digital code used to identify a precious diamond (unique digital signature of a diamond), or any other information.

The detection device, the circuit of which is shown in FIG. 3, comprises means 1 adapted for fixing the crystal 2, a source 20 of exciting radiation 21 (with a shutter and attenuator), a radiation focusing system 22.

In this case, irradiation of diamond 2 with exciting radiation 21 and registration of fluorescence can be carried out along the optical axis located along the same axis of exciting radiation 21, for example, through one polished area 2a on the surface of diamond 2 (Figure 3). In this case, a translucent dichroic mirror 23 is used (FIG. 3), which transmits excitation radiation 21 and reflects the fluorescence radiation of N-V centers. However, fluorescence can also be recorded at an angle to the axis of the exciting radiation 21, for example, through another polished area on the surface of diamond 2. In this case, a dichroic mirror is not used.

As the source 20 of the radiation 21 can be used a laser, LED, lamp, or other source of optical radiation, providing excitation of N-V centers present in diamond, leading to fluorescence of these centers. The radiation 21 of the excitation can be both pulsed and continuous. For example, in studies, the optical radiation of a Coherent Verdi G2 laser equipped with a attenuator with a wavelength of 532 nm and a maximum average power of 7 W was used as the exciting radiation 21.

The detection device shown in FIG. 3 also includes a recording system 24 comprising a band-pass filter 25, a translucent mirror 26, a fluorescence emission focusing system 27, a camera 28, and also includes a spectrometer 29, a digital data processing system 30, and a control system 31.

The registration system 24 allows you to register the fluorescence of the image elements and their relative positions, while the band-pass filter 25 and / or spectrometer 29 allow you to identify the spectrum of N-V centers and distinguish it against the background of scattered radiation 21 of the excitation. As a spectrometer 29, a Thorlabs CCS175 spectrometer connected to a control system 31 can be used.

The source 20 of exciting radiation 21, for example a laser (its shutter) and means 1 are controlled by a control system 31.

In addition, the detection device (Figure 3) contains a microwave generator 32, generating a microwave wave with a frequency of 2.87 ± 0.03 GHz, and a power of 3 W, controlled by the control system 31. At the same time, a microwave strip line 33 matched with it is connected to the microwave generator 32, supplying microwave power to the diamond crystal 2.

When using the device shown in FIG. 3, the geometric dimensions of the studied diamond crystal 2 and its images in various projections can be previously entered by the user into the computer of the control system 31 in advance. The initial position of the diamond crystal 2 relative to the axis of the exciting radiation 21 and the lens of the radiation focusing system 22 is set by the user and also entered into the computer of the control system 31 (the installation method with reasonable accuracy is obvious to a person skilled in the art). However, the task of detecting an image not previously known to the operators can also be performed.

If inclusions are present in the region of the crystal 2 through which the exciting radiation 21 passes, including NV centers that fluoresce under the influence of the indicated radiation 21, then when using the device shown in FIG. 3, the fluorescence radiation passes through a band-pass filter 25, which does not passes the scattered radiation 21 through a translucent mirror 26, and then enters the fluorescence radiation focusing system 27, which builds an enlarged image emittingly on the photosensitive area (on the CCD matrix) of the camera 28 field recording system control 31.

In the device shown in FIG. 3, the spectrometer 29 records the fluorescence spectrum emitted by the diamond crystal 2 under the action of excitation radiation 21, then the obtained fluorescence spectrum is analyzed by a computer of the control systems 31 and compared with the known reference spectrum of N-V centers available in the control system 31. Based on this comparison, the system 31 concludes that there are clusters of N-V centers in the crystal under study.

At the same time, in the device shown in Fig. 3, the image of the fluorescent clusters of NV centers can be processed in the digital processing system 30 (Fig. 3), and the digital data can be analyzed in the control system 31 to determine whether their relative position corresponds to a given digital image standard .

In the device shown in FIG. 3, in case the size of the diamond 2 being studied is larger than the diameter of the radiation beam 21 of the excitation source 20 focused by the focusing system 22, the control system 31 gives commands for successive movements of the tool 1 at distances equal to the diameter of the laser beam, in the direction perpendicular to the radiation beam 21 of the source 20, and thus a flat area is scanned inside the diamond crystal 2.

If the studied diamond crystal 2 has a complex cut, the computer of the control system 31 issues a command to rotate the means 1 so that the radiation beam 21 always intersects the surface of the crystal 2 at right angles. At each position of the diamond crystal 2, the chamber 28 registers an image of clusters of N-V centers fluorescent inside the crystal, which is stored by the control system 31. Thus, after a series of successive movements in the indicated direction, the control system 31 forms a digital image of the fluorescent clusters of N-V centers in one flat section of the crystal. Similarly, an image of any other section is obtained.

In case the user needs to obtain a three-dimensional image of an image in the crystal, for example, a label in the form of a three-dimensional object, the control system 31 rotates the means 1 and registers the image of the label in various projections perpendicular to each other, and then builds a three-dimensional digital image on their basis (digital model) tags.

Also, the display of fluorescent clusters of N-V centers can be displayed on the control system 31 from the camera 28 and can be analyzed by an expert, who can also give commands for moving and turning means 1.

The obtained three- or two-dimensional digital model of the arrangement of the created clusters of N-V centers inside the crystal can then be analyzed by various mathematical methods and / or an expert, and compared with the reference digital model of the label.

Defects found in the created image due to inaccurate coordination of the focal region in the diamond crystal can be saved by the user and can serve as distinctive features unique to this crystal, which also allows identifying the person who previously performed this mark

In addition, the nature of crystal 2 in which fluorescent radiation is observed can be analyzed. To do this, use irradiation of the crystal with microwave radiation.

In this case, the control system 31 submits commands for sequential switching on and off of the microwave generator 32 with a period of 0.1 s - modulates its power. In the case of the appearance of the double radio-optical resonance characteristic of only N-V centers in diamond: under the influence of a microwave field, the fluorescence intensity of the N-V centers inside the diamond crystal changes, the fluorescence intensity is recorded by the camera 28 and spectrometer 29, and then analyzed by the control system computer 31. With changes in the fluorescence level synchronous with the modulation of the microwave field power, it follows that this crystal is just a diamond, and the conclusion is that there are N-V centers in this diamond.

Performing these operations allows you to:

1. Determine whether fluids that are fluorescent under the influence of pumping are present in the crystal under study.

2. Determine whether the inclusion data are clusters of N-V centers and whether a given crystal is a diamond.

3. Determine whether an image is formed from clusters of N-V centers.

4. For crystals with two or more polished faces, allowing to obtain image projections in at least two non-parallel planes, determine whether this image is inside the crystal, and not on the surface of the crystal.

5. For crystals with two or more polished faces, allowing to obtain image projections in at least two non-parallel planes, construct a digital three-dimensional, and for other crystals, a two-dimensional model of this image and record the image.

6. Analyze the specified image and extract information from it.

In the studies, the authors carried out the detection of images in crystals using the detection device described above, shown in Figure 3, in natural faceted crystals with a mass in the range of 90-98 μg in an amount of 15 free from optically impermeable inhomogeneities (inclusions, cracks, inclusions, etc. .p.) inside of which, presumably, in one unknown group of them, an optically permeable image having a placement depth, shape and size, not from known to operators.

The image detection in crystals was carried out as follows.

The detected crystal was fixed on the means 1 so that face 2a was perpendicular to the radiation flux 21 of the excitation, which was used as a constant laser radiation with a wavelength of 532 nm and an average power of 7 watts. The control system 31 gave the command to turn on the source 20 and turn on the digital processing system 30 and the spectrometer 29. System 27 formed a beam of radiation 21, uniformly illuminating the entire crystal. Moreover, inclusions fluorescent under the influence of the indicated radiation 21 were detected in 10 crystals from a total of 15 crystals under study 21. Their fluorescence radiation was transmitted through a filter 25, which did not pass the scattered radiation 21, and through a translucent mirror 26, which reflected part of the radiation to the spectrometer 29 , then it entered the fluorescence radiation focusing system 27, which built an enlarged image of a plane at a known depth on the photosensitive area (on the CCD matrix) of the camera 28 e inside the chip recorded by the camera 28 and the control system 31.

Spectrometer 29 recorded the fluorescence spectrum in the region inside the crystal under the influence of excitation radiation. Then, the obtained fluorescence spectrum and digital images of the fluorescent elements were analyzed in computers of the control system 31. Comparison with the known reference spectrum of N-V centers allowed us to conclude that there are fluorescent clusters of N-V centers in 10 crystals under study. Based on digital images, models of the detected fluorescent regions were built. Thus, in 5 diamonds, two-dimensional digital images of fluorescent regions were obtained in the form of strokes, consisting of clusters of NV centers with a transverse size in this projection of about 5 μm, located at a distance of 5 μm along 5 mutually parallel segments 50 μm long, spaced apart from each other at distances of 20, 30, 40 and 50 microns, located at a depth of 100 microns. In the other 5 diamonds, a two-dimensional digital image of the fluorescent regions was obtained in the form of the letter X from clusters of N-V centers located at a distance of 5 μm in segments of 50 μm length at a depth of 200 μm. No fluorescence was observed in the other 5 diamonds, which indicated the absence of N-V centers in them.

The control system 31 issued a command for sequentially turning the microwave generator 32 on and off with a period of 0.1 s — modulating its power. Camera 28 and spectrometer 29 in 10 diamonds in which fluorescent radiation was detected, a change in the fluorescence intensity was recorded, which was then analyzed by a computer of the control system 31. The appearance of the effect of double radio-optical resonance, which is inherent only in N-V centers in diamond, with changes in the fluorescence level synchronous with the modulation of the microwave field power, made it possible to conclude that these 10 crystals are precisely diamonds. In the other 5 diamonds, no radiation was present.

The above images created in diamond crystals from the clusters of NV centers as described above are invisible to the naked eye, into magnifying glasses, and also to any optical and electron microscopes, since the concentration of NV centers in the clusters is relatively small, the size of the cluster itself and the absorption cross section NV are small centers (~ 10 ^-16 cm ² ). In this case, the image created from clusters of NV centers is located deep in the crystal, and therefore cannot be removed by polishing. The authors do not know how to destroy NV centers in a diamond crystal without destroying or damaging the crystal itself. Thus, an image consisting of a cluster (s) of NV centers is a reliable signature of diamond and a reliable record of information.

Specialists in the field of information technology, laser physics, coding and encryption technologies should understand that improvements and modifications can be made to devices for creating and detecting optically permeable images that do not go beyond the scope of the utility model, for example, changes that improve the quality of images for Improving the parameters and operating modes of devices, including those related to the features of the created images.

Industrial applicability

A device for creating optically permeable images inside a diamond can be used to create permanent marking of diamonds, including secret ones, for their subsequent identification and tracking, without changing their appearance and without reducing their commercial value, as well as for recording and storing information inside crystals diamond. Devices for creating optically permeable images according to a utility model are made using known structural elements and apparatus. Created images can be detected using a detection device according to a utility model.

Claims (33)

1. A device for creating an optically permeable image inside a diamond, containing a source of working optical radiation, which provides vacancies in diamond, an annealing device, which ensures the drift of vacancies and the creation of NV centers inside diamond that fluoresce under the action of exciting radiation, characterized in that it is adapted to create image, consisting of a given set of optically permeable elements of micron or submicron size, representing clusters of NV centers, in diamond, they yuschem one pre-formed on the diamond surface polished optically permeable area, and comprises: means (1) for fixing diamond (2) and its coordinated movement in space; a source (3) of working optical radiation (4), adapted to form a beam of ultrashort pulse radiation, ensuring the creation of vacancies in diamond (2), grouped into a cluster, and configured to control the quantity and energy of these pulses; an optical radiation source (5) adapted to form a continuous radiation beam (6), which provides diamond annealing (2), sufficient for the vacancy drift in the region of the created image element to form NV centers grouped in a cluster, and providing optical excitation of the generated NV -centers; a system (7) for supplying said radiation (4, 6) from sources (3, 5) through said optically permeable area (2a), which provides the formation of a focal constriction of beams of said radiation (4, 6) in the region of the proposed image element inside diamond (2 ); a device control system (17) providing commands to the means (1) for fixing the diamond (2), radiation sources (3, 5) (4, 6), to the radiation supply system (7). 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the source (3) of the working optical radiation (4) contains a source that emits ultrashort laser pulses with a duration of about 100 fs with a central wavelength of 1058 ± 2 nm. 3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the source (3) of the working optical radiation (4) contains a radiation source of ultrashort laser pulses with the possibility of correcting the energy of each pulse and their quantity, which allows providing in the region of the specified focal waist (18) total integral fluence of exposure in the range from 10 ^-3 to 0.4 J / cm ² . 4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the source (5) of optical radiation contains a laser that provides radiation with a wavelength of 532 nm and is equipped with a attenuator, with a maximum average power of 7 watts. 5. The device according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it further comprises a dichroic mirror (11) transmitting radiation from the indicated radiation sources (3, 5), and reflecting the fluorescence radiation of NV centers, and also contains a system (12) for recording fluorescence created image elements through the indicated optically permeable polished area (2a) previously made on the surface of the diamond (2) and providing a measurement of the fluorescence intensity of the created NV centers. 6. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that the control system (17) of the device also provides commands to the registration system (12) and reception of digital information from the registration system (12), its processing, the formation of a digital and / or three-dimensional model of the created image, comparing the created image with a given reference. 7. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the radiation supply system (7) (4, 6) includes a dichroic mirror (8) that skips the study (6) of annealing and excitation and reflects the working radiation (4), an adaptive mirror (9), providing correction of the wavefront of the working radiation (4), and the off-axis parabolic mirror (10), adapted to focus the working radiation (4) and annealing and excitation radiation (6) in the area of the proposed image element inside the diamond perpendicular to the indicated area ( 2a). 8. The device according to claim 1 or 7, characterized in that the radiation supply system (7) makes it possible to focus the radiation (4, 6) in the focal region (18), having dimensions in the range from 0.5 to 20.0 μm per depth of more than 100 microns. 9. A device for creating an optically permeable image inside a diamond, containing a source of working optical radiation providing vacancies in the diamond, an annealing device for drifting vacancies and creating NV centers inside the diamond that fluoresce under the action of exciting radiation, characterized in that it is adapted to create image, consisting of a given set of optically permeable elements of micron or submicron size, representing clusters of NV centers, in diamond, they yuschem two previously formed on the diamond surface is optically polished permeable areas, and comprises: means (1) for fixing diamond (2) and its coordinated movement in space; a source (3) of working optical radiation (4), adapted to form a beam of ultrashort pulse radiation, ensuring the creation of vacancies in diamond (2), grouped into a cluster, and configured to control the quantity and energy of these pulses; an optical radiation source (5) adapted to form a continuous radiation beam (6), which provides diamond annealing (2), sufficient for the vacancy drift in the region of the created image element to form NV centers grouped in a cluster, and providing optical excitation of the generated NV -centers; a system (7) for supplying said radiation (4, 6) from sources (3, 5) to diamond (2) through one of the aforementioned optically permeable sites (2a), which provides the formation of a focal waist of the beams of said radiation (4, 6) in the region of placing the image element inside the diamond (2); a system (17) for controlling the device providing commands to the means (1) for fixing the diamond (2), radiation sources (3, 5) (4, 6), and a radiation supply system (7). 10. The device according to claim 9, characterized in that the source (3) of the working optical radiation (4) contains a source that provides ultra-short laser pulses with a duration of about 100 fs with a central wavelength of 1058 ± 2 nm. 11. The device according to claim 9, characterized in that the source of radiation (3) of the working radiation (4) contains a radiation source of ultrashort laser pulses with the possibility of correcting the energy of each pulse and their quantity, which allows to provide the total focal waist (18) integral exposure fluence in the range from 10 ^-3 to 0.4 J / cm ² . 12. The device according to claim 9, characterized in that the source (5) of optical radiation contains a laser that provides radiation with a wavelength of 532 nm and is equipped with a attenuator, with a maximum average power of 7 watts. 13. The device according to claim 9, characterized in that it further comprises a registration system (12) that provides registration of the fluorescence of the created image elements through another optically permeable area (2b) from these areas (2a, 2b), and provides a measure of the fluorescence intensity of the generated NV centers. 14. The device according to claim 13, characterized in that the device control system (17) also provides for sending commands to the registration system (12) and receiving digital information from the registration system (12), processing it, generating a digital and / or three-dimensional model of the created Images. 15. The device according to claim 9, characterized in that the radiation supply system (7) (4, 6) includes a dichroic mirror (8) that skips the study (6) of annealing and excitation and reflects the working radiation (4), an adaptive mirror (9), providing correction of the wavefront of the working radiation (4) and the parabolic mirror (10) off-axis, adapted to focus the working radiation (4) and radiation (6) of annealing and excitation in a given region of the proposed placement of the image element inside the diamond perpendicular to the indicated area ( 2a). 16. The device according to claim 9 or 15, characterized in that the radiation supply system (7) makes it possible to focus the radiation (4, 6) in the focal region (18), having dimensions in the range from 0.5 to 20.0 μm per depth of more than 100 microns. 17. A device for creating an optically permeable image inside a diamond, containing a source of working optical radiation providing vacancies in the diamond, an annealing device for drifting vacancies and creating NV centers inside the diamond that fluoresce under the action of exciting radiation, characterized in that it is adapted to create image, consisting of a given set of optically permeable elements of micron or submicron size, representing clusters of NV centers, in diamond, they It contains one optically permeable polished area previously made on the surface of a diamond and contains: a source (3) of working optical radiation (4), adapted to form a beam of ultrashort pulse radiation, ensuring the creation of vacancies in diamond (2), grouped into a cluster, and configured to control the quantity and energy of these pulses; an oven (19), configured to create an atmosphere or vacuum inert to the diamond, annealing the diamond (2), sufficient to drift vacancies in the area of the created image element with the formation of NV centers grouped in a cluster having one optically transparent window ( 19a) and adapted for fixing diamond therein (2) in a position ensuring parallelism of said polished face (2a) of the plane of said window (19a); means (1a) for fixing the furnace (19) and its coordinated movement in space; a system (7) for supplying radiation (4) from the specified radiation source (3) through the specified optically permeable area (2a), and providing the formation of a focal waist of the beam of the specified radiation (4) in the region of the proposed image element inside the diamond (2). a device control system (17a) that provides commands to a radiation source (3) (4) and to a radiation supply system (7). 18. The device according to 17, characterized in that the source (3) of the working radiation (4) contains a laser that provides ultra-short pulses with a duration of about 100 fs with a central wavelength of 1058 ± 2 nm. 19. The device according to p. 18, characterized in that the source (3) of the working radiation (4) contains a laser that emits ultrashort pulses with the possibility of correcting the energy of each pulse and their quantity, which allows to provide a total integral exposure fluence in the range from 10 ^-3 to 0.4 J / cm ² . 20. The device according to 17, characterized in that it further comprises an optical radiation source (5a) adapted to form a continuous beam of radiation (6a), providing optical excitation of the created N-V centers, providing radiation with a wavelength of 532 nm. 21. The device according to claim 20, characterized in that the source of excitation (5a) contains a laser equipped with a attenuator with an average power of 7 watts. 22. The device according to 17, characterized in that as the specified furnace (19) contains a furnace providing a temperature in the range of 700-1200 ° C, filled with argon. 23. The device according to claim 20 or 21, characterized in that it further comprises a dichroic mirror (11) that transmits the working and exciting radiation (4, 6a) of these sources (3, 5a) and reflects the fluorescence radiation of NV centers, as well as additionally contains a system (12) for registering the fluorescence of the created image elements through the specified optically permeable polished area (2a) previously made on the diamond surface and providing a measurement of the fluorescence intensity of the created NV centers. 24. The device according to claim 20 or 21, characterized in that the radiation supply system (7) (4) from said source (3) also provides radiation (6a) from said radiation sources (5a) through said optically permeable area (2a) ), providing the formation of a focal constriction of the beams of the indicated radiation (4, 6) in the region of the proposed placement of the image element inside the diamond (2). 25. The device according to claim 20 or 21, characterized in that the system (17a) for controlling the device additionally provides commands to the radiation source (5a) (6a). 26. The device according to item 23, wherein the device control system (17a) additionally provides the reception of digital information from the registration system (12), its processing, the formation of a digital and / or three-dimensional model of the created image. 27. The device according to p. 24, characterized in that the system (7) for supplying working and exciting radiation (4, 6a) from sources (3 5a) includes a dichroic mirror (8) that skips the study (6) of annealing and excitation and reflecting working radiation (4), an adaptive mirror (9) that provides correction of the wavefront of working radiation (4), and a parabolic mirror (10) off-axis, adapted to focus working radiation (4) and radiation (6a) of excitation in a given region of the proposed location image element inside diamond (2) perpendicular Jarno said platform (2a). 28. The device according to claim 20, 24 or 27, characterized in that the radiation supply system (7) provides the ability to focus radiation (4, 6a) in the region of the specified focal constriction (18), having sizes in the range from 0.5 to 20 , 0 μm at a depth of more than 100 μm. 29. Device for detecting an optically permeable image inside a diamond by exciting diamond defects that fluoresce in an excited state and detecting their fluorescence radiation, characterized in that it is adapted to detect inside a crystal an optically permeable image consisting of a combination of optically permeable micron or submicron sized elements representing clusters of NV centers through at least one optically transparent polished pad on the surface istalla (2a) and comprising: a source of excitation radiation (20) adapted to form a beam of continuous optical radiation (21), which provides optical excitation of the N-V centers present in diamond (2) and their fluorescence; a dichroic mirror (23), which transmits exciting radiation (21) of the indicated source (20) and reflects the fluorescence radiation of N-V centers; a system (22) for generating a beam of exciting radiation providing uniform illumination of the entire diamond (2) with exciting radiation (21) through the indicated single optically permeable area (2a) on the surface of diamond (2), with an intensity sufficient to excite NV centers in the said diamond (2); means (1) for fixing the diamond (2) in a position corresponding to the location of its specified polished area (2A) perpendicular to the flow of exciting radiation (21); a registration system (24) providing registration of fluorescence radiation through the indicated one optically transparent polished area (2a) on the diamond surface and the relative position of the radiating elements; a spectrometer (29), which ensures the isolation of the fluorescence spectrum of N-V centers against the background of excitation scattered in the crystal of radiation (21) and its registration; a system (30) for digitally processing received data from a registration system (24); a microwave radiation generator (32) and a strip microwave line (33) connected to it and matched with it, supplying microwave power to the crystal (2); a control system (31) that provides commands to turn on / off the source (20) of exciting radiation (21), to a tool (1) for fixing diamond (2), to a generator (32) of microwave radiation, receiving digital information from the system (24 ) registration and from the system (30) of digital processing, identification of the fluorescence spectrum as a spectrum of clusters of NV centers, the formation of a digital and / or three-dimensional model of the detected image. 30. The device according to clause 29, wherein the registration system (24) contains a band-pass filter (25), which allows you to select the fluorescence spectrum of the image elements against the background of scattered radiation (21) of excitation, a translucent mirror (26) that transmits scattered radiation of excitation, attenuated inside the diamond (2) and reflecting part of the fluorescence radiation of the NV centers to the spectrometer (29), the focusing system of the fluorescence radiation (27), which ensures the formation of images of the fluorescent clusters NV-c on the sensitive area of the camera ntrov with sufficient magnification, and the chamber (28) which provides registration of said image and its transfer to the system (30) and a digital processing system (31) control. 31. The device according to clause 29, characterized in that as the source (20) of radiation (21) of the excitation contains a source of optical radiation, providing radiation with a wavelength of 532 nm. 32. The device according to clause 29 or 31, characterized in that the source of excitation (20) contains a laser equipped with a attenuator with an average power of 7 watts. 33. The device according to clause 29, wherein the generator (32) of microwave radiation generates a microwave wave with a frequency of 2.87 ± 0.03 GHz and a power of 3 watts.