RU109036U1 - DEVICE FOR COMPENSATION OF ANGULAR DISPLACEMENTS OF AXIS OF TOOLS AND PROCESSED HOLE - Google Patents

Abstract

 A device for compensating angular displacements of the axes of the tool and the hole being machined, containing electronic levels for determining the magnitude of the angular displacements of the tool axis and the angle of inclination of the axis of the machined hole and a small displacement mechanism, characterized in that it is equipped with a power supply, and the small displacement mechanism is made in the form of a direct current electromagnet , which is designed to rotate the rack with the tool fixed on it when you enter it into the joint between the rails on which the rack is mounted and the rack, p and this electron levels are connected to the numerical control system, coupled to the armature DC electromagnet.

Description

The invention relates to the field of mechanical engineering, mainly to high-precision machine tool industry, and can be used in precision machines of boring and milling groups with a horizontal spindle.

It is known [1] a device for stabilizing power deformations of a bed containing an additional support of the machine, made in the form of a hydraulic jack, installed under the place of the greatest deflection of the bed and containing a programmable logic controller that controls the force of the hydraulic jack, preventing the appearance of bending deformations of the bed.

The disadvantage of this device is the frequent occurrence of control errors due to various disturbing effects, which can be temperature deformations, wear of mating surfaces, elastic deformations due to changes in cutting forces and workpiece weight. This, in turn, leads to repeated readjustments, complication and cost of maintenance of technological equipment.

In the patent [2], a method for improving the accuracy of the machine by spatial control of the position of the bed with the table and the machined case blank relative to the foundation is presented. Management is carried out using four hydraulic jacks installed around the perimeter of the bed. The disadvantage of this method is the significant influence of contact deformations at the joints of the subsystems "bed-table", "table-workpiece", which have a significant impact on the output accuracy of the machine.

In the device [3] for compensation of mutual angular displacements of the tool axes and the bored hole, hydraulic jacks are installed between the table and the workpiece being processed. With the help of a hydraulic jack, the angular movements of the body blank relative to the table are controlled.

The disadvantage of this device is the reduction in the rigidity of the installation of the machined body blank relative to the table.

The aim of the present invention is to compensate for the angular displacements of the axes of the tool and the machined hole due to bending deformation.

This goal is achieved due to the fact that in the proposed device in the joint between the rails on which the stand is mounted and the stand with the tool fixed on it, a small displacement mechanism is introduced, made in the form of a direct current electromagnet. To assess the mutual angular displacements of the tool axes and the bored hole, electronic levels are applied, which are installed on the machined case blank and the machine stand, respectively.

Figure 1 shows a General view of a horizontal coordinate-boring machine equipped with a device for compensating angular displacements of the axes of the tool and the machined hole. The machine consists of a bed 1, mounted on three rigid supports 2, 3 and 4 relative to the foundation. On the bed guides in the direction of the OZ axis, the rack 6 moves with the spindle head 7 on the slide 5, containing the spindle unit 8 with a fixed cutting tool, the movement of which along the OY axis is carried out using an electric motor 9 (M). Processed on the machine body blank 10 is mounted on the table 11 of the machine. The case blank is installed on the mounting supports. The device contains a small displacement mechanism 12, made in the form of a direct current electromagnet, a DC power supply unit 13 for an electromagnet and electronic levels 14, 15 (UE ₁ , UE ₂ ). The structure of the device includes a sensor 16 for moving the slide with a stand along the guides of the bed and the CNC system 17 (CNC).

The level of electronic UE ₁ on the rack determines the angle of inclination α ₁ due to deformation of the bend of the bed, and the level of UE ₂ on the workpiece determines the angle of inclination of the workpiece α ₂ . Analog or digital outputs from the levels are connected to the CNC system of the machine.

Figure 2 shows a top view of a horizontal coordinate boring machine, which shows the frame 1, supports 2, 3, 4 and the workpiece 10 on the table 11, the slide 5 with the stand 6 installed on them and the headstock 7 with spindle 8, the electromagnet is indicated 12.

Figure 3 presents the mechanism of small displacements in the form of a direct current electromagnet consisting of a pushing armature 18, a housing 19, a fixed core 20 and a winding of an insulated wire located in two different sections. One of the sections of the windings 21 covers the armature 18, the other section of the windings 22 has a fixed core 20. An intermediate flange 23 is installed between the sections of the windings. The windings 21 and 22 are connected opposite to each other. The body of the electromagnet is installed in the body of the slide, and its anchor is rigidly connected to the rack.

Figure 4 shows the geometry of the angular displacements. During the movement of the rack towards the workpiece, the bed experiences bending deformations, which lead to a loss of accuracy of the technological system of the machine. The reason for this is the mutual deviation of the tool axes and the bored hole, due to the angular movement of the workpiece and the stand.

Figure 5 shows the structural diagrams of the compensation of the angular displacements of the axes of the tool and the machined hole, which shows the following notation:

U _in - input signal (input state);

U _o - output signal (state at the output);

U is the control action;

UE ₁ - electronic level mounted on a rack;

UE ₂ - electronic level installed on the workpiece;

α ₁ - the angle of inclination of the axis of the tool;

α ₂ - the angle of inclination of the axis of the bored hole;

CNC - numerical control system (CNC);

BP - DC power supply;

EPT - a direct current electromagnet;

ОУ - control object (rack);

DP - displacement sensor;

M - motor displacement along the axis OY;

ШУ - spindle unit.

When moving the slide 5 with the rack 6 in the direction of the axis OZ along the guides of the frame 1, it begins to bend (figure 1). The signals y (α ₁ ) and y (α ₂ ) of the electronic levels 14 and 15 mounted on the stand 6 and the body blank 10 determine the angular displacements of the tool axis a ₁ and the angle of inclination of the axis of the bored hole α ₂ . The angle α ₁ will be positive, since it is formed during the angular movement of the counter counterclockwise, and the angle az will be negative, since it is formed during the angular movement of the workpiece clockwise.

The signals y (α ₁ ) and y (α ₂ ) from electronic levels enter the numerical control system 17 (CNC), where they are compared with each other and the correction command is sent based on their difference (Fig. 5):

Δy (α) = y (α ₁ ) -y (α ₂ ).

This command is supplied to the power supply 13, which controls the armature of the electromagnet 12 DC. Under the action of the anchor of a direct current electromagnet (FIG. 3), the rack rotates through an angle α ₁ + α ₂ (FIG. 4). After this, the signals y (α ₁ ) and y (a ₂ ) are compared again, and if Δy (α ₁ ) ≠ 0, then the correction is repeated.

Thus, the proposed device can significantly reduce the influence of the bending of the bed on the accuracy of the technological system of the machine by compensating for the mutual angular movements of the axes of the tool and the machined hole.

INFORMATION SOURCES

1. Pat. 74839 of the Russian Federation for a utility model, IPC V23V 25/06. The device for stabilization of force bending deformations of the bed of a horizontal boring machine / Gorshkov B.M., Krasnov S.V., Samokhina N.S., Lysak P.M., Vyunov A.V., Zagrebin K.V. Bull. No. 20, 2007.

2. Pat. 3807034 USA, IPC B23Q 11/00; G05B 19/404. Method of truing up heavy workpieces on the table of a metal-cutting machine and such table for carrying said method into effect / Semen Pevzner, Viktor Koire 1974.

3. Pat.85389 of the Russian Federation for a utility model, IPC: B23Q 23/00 A device for compensating mutual angular displacements of the tool axes and the bored hole / Samokhina N.S., Gorshkov B.M., Denisenko A.F., Trubacheva S.I. , Marshanskaya O.V., Zagrebin K.V. Bull. No. 22, 2009.

Claims (1)

A device for compensating angular displacements of the axes of the tool and the hole being machined, containing electronic levels for determining the magnitude of the angular displacements of the tool axis and the angle of inclination of the axis of the machined hole and a small displacement mechanism, characterized in that it is equipped with a power supply, and the small displacement mechanism is made in the form of a direct current electromagnet , which is designed to rotate the rack with the tool fixed on it when you enter it into the joint between the rails on which the rack is mounted and the rack, p and this electron levels are connected to the numerical control system, coupled to the armature DC electromagnet.