RU109021U1 - CRUSHING UNIT - Google Patents

Abstract

 1. A crushing plant containing! a cone crusher (1) having a vertical shaft (3), a crushing cone (7) mounted on the shaft, an internal armor (9) attached to the crushing cone, and an external armor (11) surrounding the inner armor so that the crushing chamber ( 13) is formed between the inner and outer armor and has a minimum clearance (S), which is crucial for the crushing function of the crusher,! drive (17), which drives the crusher, and! control means (19) for regulating the minimum clearance by axial movement of the inner and outer armor relative to each other, characterized in that! the drive (17) is a diesel engine (18), made with the possibility of regulation to the required speed using a separate control loop (21), and the crushing plant contains! a regulating device (15) in the form of a hydraulic cylinder having a pressure sensor (27),! means (30) for obtaining the parameter value from the diesel engine, which is associated with its load,! means (32) for comparing the obtained value with the threshold value; and! means (34) for increasing the minimum clearance if the obtained value exceeds the threshold value. ! 2. Installation according to claim 1, additionally containing means (35; 37) for issuing a warning if the received value exceeds a threshold value. ! 3. The installation according to claim 1 or 2, in which the value of the load parameter is located through the J1939 interface.

Description

2420-164867RU / 071

CRUSHING INSTALLATION AND METHOD FOR MANAGING IT

DESCRIPTION

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a crushing plant comprising a cone crusher having a vertical shaft, a crushing cone mounted on the shaft, an inner armor attached to the crushing cone, and an outer armor surrounding the inner armor so that the crushing chamber is formed between the inner and outer armor and has the minimum clearance, which is crucial for the crushing function of the crushing plant, while the crushing plant further comprises a drive that drives the crusher, and a means of control phenomenon for regulating the minimum gap by axial movement of the inner and outer armor relative to each other. The invention also relates to a method for controlling a crushing plant of the type described above.

State of the art

Crushing plants of the aforementioned type are well known and are used, for example, for grinding stone into gravel. It is advisable to provide a mobile crushing plant so that it can work in different places, for example, on a road construction site. However, in mobile operation, the feed is often fed to the crushing plant using an excavator or similar device, which means that a large amount of feed can be immediately supplied to the crushing plant. As a result, the crusher can stop, which will lead to a delay in production and the need to clean the crusher manually to restart the crusher.

Disclosure of invention

The aim of the present invention is to provide a crushing plant, in which at least partially eliminated the above problem.

This goal is achieved by means of a crushing plant, as claimed in independent clause 1, or by means of a control method of a crushing plant, as claimed in independent clause 5 of the claims.

More specifically, the crushing plant of the above type has a drive that is a diesel engine, and contains means for obtaining a parameter value from the diesel engine associated with its load, means for comparing the obtained value with a threshold value, and means for increasing the minimum clearance of the crushing chamber, if received value exceeds threshold value.

In this type of crusher, the risk of the crusher suddenly stopping will be greatly reduced.

The crushing plant may further comprise means for issuing a warning if the received value exceeds a threshold value. This will inform the personnel operating the crusher that an overload condition has been reached so that they reduce the feed to the crusher.

The value of the load parameter can be obtained through the J1939 interface, and the diesel engine can be configured to adjust to the required rotation speed (rpm) using a separate control loop.

The corresponding method includes obtaining a parameter value from the drive, which is associated with its load, the drive being a diesel engine, comparing the obtained value with a threshold value and increasing the minimum clearance if the obtained value exceeds the threshold value. The method may further comprise the process of creating an alert if the received value exceeds a threshold value.

Additional objects and features of the present invention will be apparent from the description and claims.

Brief Description of the Drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic view of a cone crusher.

Figure 2 is a crushing plant.

Figure 3 is a flowchart of a method.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

1 schematically shows a cone crusher 1. The crusher 1 contains a substantially vertical shaft 3 of the crusher, which is eccentrically mounted on its lower end 5. During operation, the shaft 3 of the crusher will simultaneously rotate and oscillate. At the upper end of the shaft 3 of the crusher, a crushing cone 7 is installed, the outer surface of which is provided with an internal armor 9 consisting of solid material.

The outer armor 11, shown in cross section, is mounted on the device frame (not shown) in such a way that it surrounds the inner armor 9, forming an annular crushing chamber 13 between the inner and outer armors 9, 11. As shown, the cross-sectional area of the crushing chamber 13 can be reduced in the direction of its lower part. The minimum gap S between the inner and outer armor 9, 11 is provided in the lower part of the crushing chamber 13 and due to the simultaneous rotational and oscillatory movements of the shaft 3 of the crusher will constantly move around the periphery of the lower part of the inner armor 9.

During operation, the raw material, usually rock, is fed from above into the crushing chamber 13 and is crushed between the inner and outer armor 9, 11 due to the relative movement of these elements. The size of the minimum clearance S of the crushing chamber 13 is crucial for the crushing function, for example, for the particle size distribution and shape of the obtained crushed material. In order to make the minimum clearance S adjustable, the crusher shaft 3 can be moved in the vertical direction by means of a regulating device 15, usually a hydraulic cylinder.

Figure 2 schematically shows the crusher 1 with the drive 17 and the means 19 of the control. The drive 17 is a diesel engine 18, which drives the crusher shaft 3 by means of a connecting block (not shown). Using a diesel engine 18 makes the crusher 1 convenient for a mobile configuration, since it does not require a connection to the mains. Therefore, the crushing plant can be moved from one location to another and, thus, can be used, for example, in road construction, for grinding rock into gravel. The diesel engine can be controlled by means of a separate control loop 21 for rotating it at a predetermined desired speed, for example, 1800 rpm.

The control means 19 controls the control device 15 of the crusher 1, that is, causes the crusher shaft 3 to move up or down, depending on various control parameters. The control means 19 responds to input signals from input devices 23, such as a keyboard, so that the user, for example, can adjust the grinder and set various operating parameters. If the control device 15 is a hydraulic cylinder, the control means 19 can adjust the hydraulic pressure therein via the control line 25. Also, a pressure sensor 27 can be installed in the hydraulic cylinder, which provides a pressure signal transmitted to the control means via the feedback line 29. In addition, the crushing plant may have a position sensor 31, which determines the position of the shaft 3 and, therefore, indirectly the minimum clearance S of the crushing chamber and transmits the corresponding signals from the sensor to the control means 19 via the sensor line 33. Therefore, the control means 19 can adjust the hydraulic pressure and / or clearance S to the desired values, as is, in fact, well known. The shaft between the drive 17 and the crusher 1 can be equipped with a hydraulic clutch 28, which allows the smooth start of the crushing plant. The shaft extending from the hydraulic coupling may be provided, for example, with an inductive sensor for measuring the speed of rotation.

The diesel engine 18 of the drive 17 may stop if the feed material that is fed into the crushing chamber 13 of the crusher 1 is too hard or dense, or if too much material is fed into the crusher 1. If this happens, then the crusher must be cleaned of raw materials before the diesel engine 18 is restarted, which is a burdensome and time-consuming task.

Thus, the load parameter value is obtained from the diesel engine using the read line 30. This value is related to engine load and can be obtained using the well-known J1939 interface. The value of the load parameter can be obtained from the turbocharging pressure and correspond to a percentage of the maximum load, that is, from 0 to 100%.

The control means 19 comprises a comparator 32, which compares the obtained value of the load parameter with a predetermined overload threshold value, for example, equal to 80%, and if this overload threshold value has been exceeded, then the minimum clearance S of the crushing chamber 13 is increased by a limiter 34 in the control means 19, usually by reducing the hydraulic pressure of the control device / hydraulic cylinder 15. Increasing the minimum clearance reduces the performance of the crusher, and therefore leads to to quickly reduce the load on the diesel engine 18. Thus, it is possible to avoid overloading and stopping the diesel engine.

Of course, most of the functional blocks of the control means 19 can be implemented in software. However, it is possible to implement parts of the control means 19 by means of special hardware, for example, using specialized integrated circuits (ASICs).

Therefore, a main inner loop can be provided that measures the minimum clearance S and / or hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic cylinder and adjusts any of these parameters to the required values. In addition, an additional external circuit is provided that measures the load of the diesel engine and affects the internal circuit if the threshold value of the load is exceeded by increasing the minimum clearance S. Typically, the external circuit can reduce the minimum clearance value set by the internal circuit.

In addition, the control means 19 may issue a warning by means of sound and / or optical devices, usually by means of a buzzer 35 and / or a lamp 37, if the threshold value is exceeded. Alternatively, a warning can be issued before the overload threshold is exceeded by comparing the received load parameter with a lower warning threshold and issuing a warning if the lower warning threshold is exceeded.

Figure 3 shows a block diagram of a method. From the initial start state 41, the crusher proceeds to operating state 43, where the raw materials are crushed into gravel by crushing the raw materials in the crusher. At the same time, in the working state, 45 parameter values are obtained from the diesel engine and 47 is compared with a threshold value. If the threshold value is exceeded, the overload condition is displayed, if necessary, a warning 49 is issued, as indicated above, by a flashing light, and the minimum clearance S is increased so that the diesel engine can be stopped. Then the crushing plant continues to work in the operating mode and repeats the measurement procedure in a given period of time. Therefore, the minimum clearance can be further reduced. If the minimum clearance was increased, and the new overload condition did not appear in a given period of time, then the minimum clearance can be reduced to normal, if necessary in stages.

Thus, a crushing plant and a method for controlling it are described. The crushing plant comprises a cone crusher and means for controlling the minimum clearance in the crushing chamber and is driven by a diesel engine. The load value is obtained from a diesel engine, for example via the J1939 interface. If the obtained value exceeds a predetermined threshold value, the minimum clearance is increased. In this way, it is possible to prevent the diesel engine from stopping, so that continuous operation of the crushing plant can be ensured.

The invention is not limited to the described embodiments and may be varied within the scope of the attached claims. For example, other control devices are possible instead of hydraulic cylinders. The crusher 1, which was described above, has a crushing cone, which is fixedly mounted on the crushing shaft. According to an alternative embodiment, the crushing cone can be made sliding along the fixed shaft by means of a hydraulic cylinder, as described in WO 2006/067277.

It should be understood that the invention may also be applicable to other types of crushers instead of the cone crushers described above, which have hydraulic adjustment of the vertical position of the inner armor. The invention, among other things, may also be applicable to crushers that have a mechanical setting of the gap between the inner and outer armor, for example, for crushers described in US patent 1894601 in the name of Simons. In the crushers, which have now been mentioned last, sometimes called the Simons type, the gap between the inner and outer armor is set by means of a housing in which the outer armor is fixed, screwed to the device frame and turned relative to the frame to achieve the required clearance. In an embodiment of this type of crusher, instead of a thread, several hydraulic cylinders are used to regulate the housing in which the outer armor is fixed. The invention can also be applied to this type of crusher.

Claims (3)

1. Crushing plant containing cone crusher (1) having a vertical shaft (3), crushing cone (7) mounted on the shaft, inner armor (9) attached to the crushing cone, and outer armor (11) surrounding the inner armor so that the crushing chamber ( 13) is formed between the inner and outer armor and has a minimum clearance (S), which is crucial for the crushing function of the crushing plant, a drive (17) that drives the crusher, and control means (19) for regulating the minimum clearance by axial movement of the inner and outer armor relative to each other, characterized in that the drive (17) is a diesel engine (18), made with the possibility of regulation to the required speed using a separate control loop (21), and the crushing plant contains a control device (15) in the form of a hydraulic cylinder having a pressure sensor (27), means (30) for obtaining a parameter value from a diesel engine, which is associated with its load, means (32) for comparing the obtained value with a threshold value and means (34) for increasing the minimum clearance if the obtained value exceeds a threshold value. 2. Installation according to claim 1, additionally containing means (35; 37) for issuing a warning if the received value exceeds a threshold value. 3. The installation according to claim 1 or 2, in which the value of the load parameter is located through the J1939 interface.