RU108530U1 - FRICTION SPEED OPTION (OPTIONS) - Google Patents

Abstract

 1. Friction speed variator comprising a drive shaft, a driven shaft, at least one drive roller mounted on the drive shaft, at least one driven roller mounted on the driven shaft, an auxiliary roller in contact with the surface of the drive roller and the surface the driven roller, the axis of rotation of the driving and driven rollers are in the same plane and spatially spaced, characterized in that it also contains a second auxiliary roller in contact with the surface of the driving roller and with the surface of the driven Olika, wherein the auxiliary rollers are mounted on shafts, linked, and the rotation axis of the auxiliary rollers are on opposite sides of the plane passing through the axis of rotation of the drive and driven pulleys. ! 2. The variator according to claim 1, characterized in that the axis of rotation of the auxiliary rollers lie in one plane perpendicular to the plane passing through the axis of rotation of the driving and driven rollers, the axis of rotation of the driving and driven rollers are on different sides from the plane passing through the axis of rotation auxiliary rollers, while the axis of rotation of the driving and driven rollers are oriented symmetrically in space relative to the plane passing through the axis of rotation of the auxiliary rollers, the axis of rotation of the auxiliary rollers They are mounted in space symmetrically with respect to a plane passing through the axis of rotation of the driving and driven rollers, auxiliary rollers are made capable of moving perpendicularly to the plane passing through the axis of rotation of the auxiliary rollers. ! 3. The variator according to claim 1, characterized in that the leader and the

Description

The claimed utility model relates to friction gears of rotation with continuously variable gear ratios, namely to friction speed variators used in automatic transmissions of land vehicles.

Known analogues of the first embodiment of the claimed utility model.

Known friction speed variator described in US patent US1806984 dated 05/26/1931, comprising a housing, a drive shaft, a driven shaft, a drive roller mounted on a drive shaft, a pair of driven rollers mounted on a driven shaft. In this case, the rotation axes of the driving and driven rollers are parallel to each other and spatially spaced, the rollers are made in the form of disks, both sides of the driving roller have conical surfaces, the driven rollers have conical surfaces facing each other. The variator also contains an auxiliary roller, consisting of a pair of coaxially mounted discs spaced apart along the axis of rotation. The auxiliary roller is capable of contacting the conical surfaces of the driving roller so that part of the driving roller is in the gap between the disks of the auxiliary roller. The auxiliary roller is also capable of contacting with the conical surfaces of the pair of driven rollers so that parts of the auxiliary roller disks are in the gap between the driven rollers.

The variator is characterized by the fact that the auxiliary roller is mounted on an axis connected to the variator housing and a device for moving the specified axis relative to the drive and driven shafts in order to change the gear ratio - the speed transmission coefficient from the drive to the drive shaft of the variator.

A friction speed variator is known, described in US Pat. , drive roller mounted on the drive shaft, driven roller mounted on the driven shaft, auxiliary roller. In this case, the rotation axes of the driving roller, the driven roller and the auxiliary roller are parallel to each other, lie in the same plane and are spatially separated.

The variator is characterized in that the driving and driven rollers are made in the form of disks, both sides of each of which have conical surfaces. The auxiliary roller consists of a pair of disks mounted on one axis and capable of being rotated so that the axis of rotation of the disks of the auxiliary roller always lie in a plane passing through the axis of rotation of the driving and driven rollers. The auxiliary roller is capable of contacting with the conical surfaces of the driving and driven roller so that part of the driving roller and part of the driven roller are in the gap between the disks of the auxiliary roller. The axis of the auxiliary roller is connected to the variator housing and a device for moving the specified axis relative to the drive and driven shafts in order to change the gear ratio.

Known friction speed variator described in US patent US4187731 from 12/12/1980 (IPC F16H 15/26, class NCI US 74/198), comprising a housing, a drive shaft, a driven shaft, a drive roller mounted on a drive shaft, a driven roller mounted on the driven shaft, auxiliary roller. In this case, the axis of rotation of the driving and driven rollers are parallel to each other and spatially spaced. The driving and driven rollers are made in the form of disks, both sides of each of which have convex curved surfaces. A recess is made along the perimeter of the auxiliary roller, so that the auxiliary roller forms a pair of coaxial disks, the opposite surfaces of which are made in the form of concave curved surfaces that form lines of contact with the surfaces of the driving and driven rollers at their contact points. The auxiliary roller is capable of contacting with the convex surfaces of the driving and driven roller so that part of the driving roller and part of the driven roller are in the recess of the auxiliary roller.

The variator is characterized in that the axis of the auxiliary roller is connected to the variator housing and a device for changing the position of the axis of rotation of the roller relative to the drive and driven shafts in order to change the gear ratio.

These analogues work as follows. Due to the frictional interaction of the auxiliary roller with the surfaces of the driving and driven rollers, the rotational movement of the driving shaft through the driving and auxiliary roller is transmitted to the driven roller, and from it to the driven shaft. The movement of the axis of the auxiliary roller leads to a change in the distance between the axis of rotation of the auxiliary roller and the axis of rotation of the driving and driven rollers, which is accompanied by a change in the radius of the surfaces of the driving and driven rollers with which the auxiliary roller is in contact, and a corresponding change in the gear ratio.

A common disadvantage of these analogues is that the auxiliary roller is connected to the case of the variator. A sharp change in the load on the driven shaft, characteristic of devices in which CVTs are used, leads to shock loading on the axis of the auxiliary roller, which is transmitted to the housing and leads to vibrations of the variator.

Known friction speed variator described in the application of Germany DE10151224 from 07/11/2002 (IPC F16H 15/22), containing a drive shaft, a driven shaft, a drive roller mounted on a drive shaft, a driven roller mounted on a driven shaft, an auxiliary roller connected to drive and driven shaft. In this case, the rotation axes of the driving roller, the driven roller and the auxiliary roller are parallel to each other, lie in the same plane and are spatially separated. The driving and driven rollers are able to move along their axis of rotation. Each of the rollers has conical surfaces. The auxiliary roller is capable of contacting its conical surface with the conical surfaces of the driving and driven rollers and moving so that the axis of rotation of the auxiliary roller always lies in a plane passing through the axis of rotation of the driving and driven rollers.

The variator is characterized in that it contains a housing, a drive for changing the gear ratio, connected to the drive roller and capable of moving it along its axis of rotation, the driven roller is connected to the housing by means of a spring. The auxiliary roller is connected to each of the shafts by means of a spring, a hinge, a rod, a support mounted on the corresponding shaft and able to move together with the roller mounted on the same shaft along its axis of rotation in series.

The device operates as follows. Due to the frictional interaction of the auxiliary roller with the surfaces of the drive and driven rollers, the rotational movement of the drive shaft through the drive and auxiliary roller is transmitted to the driven rollers and, accordingly, the driven shaft. Moving the drive roller along its axis of rotation leads to a change in the distance between the axis of rotation of the auxiliary roller and the axis of rotation of the drive and driven rollers, which is accompanied by a change in the radius of the conical surfaces of the drive and driven rollers with which the auxiliary roller is in contact, and a corresponding change in the gear ratio.

The main disadvantage of this variator is that the auxiliary roller is connected to the shafts of the variator. Because of this, shock loads on the axis of the auxiliary roller arising due to sudden changes in the load on the driven shaft are transmitted to the transmission coupled to the variator shafts in the form of lateral loads and lead to its vibrations.

The prototype of the first embodiment of the claimed device is a friction speed variator described in RF patent RU2197656 dated 01.27.2003 (IPC F16H 15/22) and shown in FIG. 7 to RU2197656, comprising a drive shaft, a driven shaft, a driving roller mounted on the drive shaft , a driven roller mounted on the driven shaft, an auxiliary roller in contact with the surface of the driving roller and with the surface of the driven roller. In this case, the axis of rotation of the driving and driven rollers lie in the same plane and are spatially spaced.

The variator according to the prototype is characterized in that the driving and driven rollers are able to move along their axis of rotation, each of the rollers has conical surfaces, the auxiliary roller is able to contact its conical surface with the conical surfaces of the leading and driven rollers and move in a plane passing through the axis of rotation of the leading and driven rollers, keeping parallel to its axis of rotation to the axis of rotation of the drive and driven shafts. The variator also contains a housing, a drive for changing the gear ratio, connected to the drive roller and capable of moving it along its axis of rotation, the driven roller is connected to the housing by means of a spring. The auxiliary roller is mounted on an axis that is mounted in the housing with the ability to move relative to the housing.

The device operates as follows. Due to the frictional interaction of the auxiliary roller with the surfaces of the driving and driven rollers, the rotational movement of the driving shaft through the driving and auxiliary roller is transmitted to the driven rollers, and from them to the driven shaft. Moving the drive roller along its axis of rotation leads to the movement of the auxiliary roller along a plane passing through the axis of rotation of the shafts, and a change in the distance between the axis of rotation of the auxiliary roller and the axes of rotation of the drive and driven rollers, which is accompanied by a change in the radius of the conical surfaces of the drive and driven rollers, with which contacts the auxiliary roller, and the corresponding change in gear ratio.

The main disadvantage of the variator according to the prototype is that the auxiliary roller is connected to the variator housing, and shock loads on the axis of the auxiliary roller arising due to sudden changes in the load on the driven shaft are transferred to the variator housing and lead to its vibrations.

Known analogues of the second embodiment of the claimed utility model.

Known friction speed variator described in US patent US1478075 from 05/07/1923, containing a drive shaft, a driven shaft, a pair of drive rollers mounted on a drive shaft, a pair of driven rollers mounted on a driven shaft, an auxiliary roller and a belt in contact with the surfaces of the leading and driven rollers. In this case, the axis of rotation of the driving and driven rollers lie in the same plane and are spatially spaced.

The variator is characterized in that a part of the auxiliary roller is in the gap between the drive rollers, a part of the auxiliary roller is in the gap between the driven rollers, a part of the belt is in the gap between the drive rollers and in the gap between the driven rollers. The rotation axes of the driving, driven and auxiliary rollers are parallel. One of the drive rollers is connected to the housing by means of a spring and is able to move along its axis of rotation, and one of the driven rollers is connected to the housing by means of a spring and is able to move along its axis of rotation. The auxiliary roller is able to move in a plane perpendicular to the axes of rotation of the shafts. Leading and driven rollers are made in the form of metal plates, in each pair of these rollers have conical surfaces facing each other. The auxiliary roller is mounted on an axis connected to the variator housing and a device for moving the specified axis relative to the drive and driven shafts in order to change the gear ratio.

Moving the axis of the auxiliary roller leads to a change in the gap between the drive rollers and a reverse change in the gap between the driven rollers, which leads to a change in the radius of the conical surfaces of the driving and driven rollers with which the belt and the auxiliary roller are in contact, and a corresponding change in the gear ratio. Due to the frictional interaction of the auxiliary roller and belt with the surfaces of the drive and driven rollers, the rotational movement of the drive shaft through the drive rollers, the auxiliary roller and belt is transmitted to the driven rollers, and from them to the driven shaft.

The main disadvantage of this variator is the use of a belt, which is characterized by a small service life.

Known frictional speed variator described in US patent US2555079 from 11/15/1946 (class NKI US 74/199), in US patent US3240078 from 10/31/1963 (class NKI US 74/200), as well as in US patent US3792620 02/19/1974 (IPC F16H 15/08, US NCI class 74/200), comprising a drive shaft, a driven shaft, a pair of drive rollers mounted on a drive shaft, a pair of driven rollers mounted on a driven shaft, an auxiliary roller in contact with the surfaces of the drive and driven rollers . In this case, the axis of rotation of the driving and driven rollers are parallel and spatially spaced from each other.

The variator is characterized in that a part of the auxiliary roller is in the gap between the drive rollers, a part of the auxiliary roller is in the gap between the driven rollers. Drive rollers are able to move along its axis of rotation, driven rollers are able to move along its axis of rotation. The auxiliary roller is capable of moving in a plane perpendicular to the axes of rotation of the driving and driven rollers.

Leading and driven rollers are made in the form of disks, in each pair these rollers have conical surfaces facing each other. Driving and driven rollers are connected to the variator housing using springs, an auxiliary roller is mounted on an axis connected to the variator housing and a device for moving the specified axis relative to the drive and driven shafts in order to change the gear ratio.

Due to the frictional interaction of the auxiliary roller with the surfaces of the drive and driven rollers, the rotational movement of the drive shaft through the drive rollers and the auxiliary roller is transmitted to the driven rollers, and from them to the driven shaft. The movement of the axis of the auxiliary roller leads to a change in the radius of the surfaces of the driving and driven rollers with which the auxiliary roller is in contact, and a corresponding change in the gear ratio.

The main disadvantage of the variator is that the auxiliary roller is connected to the variator housing, and a sharp change in the load on the driven shaft, which is characteristic of devices that use variators, leads to an impact load on the axis of the auxiliary roller, which is transmitted to the housing and leads to vibrations of the variator.

The prototype of the second variant of the claimed utility model is the friction speed variator described in the German patent DE3222481 dated 08/14/1986 (IPC: F16H 15/42), comprising a drive shaft, a driven shaft, a pair of drive rollers mounted on a drive shaft, a pair of driven rollers installed on the driven shaft, an auxiliary roller in contact with the surfaces of the drive rollers and the surfaces of the driven rollers. In this case, the axis of rotation of the driving and driven rollers lie in the same plane and are spatially spaced.

The prototype of the second embodiment of the claimed utility model is characterized in that a part of the auxiliary roller is in the gap between the driving rollers, a part of the auxiliary roller is in the gap between the driven rollers, the rotation axes of the driving and driven rollers are parallel. Driving and driven rollers are able to move along the shafts on which they are mounted. The auxiliary roller is capable of moving in a plane perpendicular to the axes of rotation of the driving and driven rollers.

Leading and driven rollers are made in the form of disks, in each pair these rollers have conical surfaces facing each other. One of the driving rollers is connected to a drive capable of moving the specified roller along its axis of rotation in order to change the gear ratio, and one of the driven rollers is connected to a second drive capable of moving the driven roller along its axis of rotation. In this case, the auxiliary roller is hollow, the cavities of the auxiliary roller are connected through a flexible tube to a source of fluid under pressure.

The variator also contains two pairs of additional rollers. In each pair, additional rollers are mounted on the same axis and have conical surfaces facing each other. The rotation axes of the additional rollers are parallel to the rotation axes of the driving rollers, driven rollers and the auxiliary roller and are spatially separated from them and from each other. The auxiliary roller is able to contact the conical surfaces of the additional rollers so that the parts of the auxiliary roller are in the gaps between the opposite conical surfaces of the additional rollers.

The variator of the prototype also contains a metal ring covering the perimeter of the drive rollers, driven rollers and additional rollers and is able to contact with the conical surfaces of these rollers so that the inner part of the ring is in the gap between the conical surfaces of the drive rollers, in the gap between the conical surfaces of the driven rollers and in the gap between the conical surfaces of both pairs of additional rollers.

The device operates as follows. Due to the frictional interaction, the rotational movement of the drive shaft through the drive rollers and the auxiliary roller is transmitted to the driven rollers, and from them to the driven shaft. In addition, the rotational movement of the driving rollers is transmitted to the driven rollers due to the frictional interaction of the driving and driven rollers with the metal ring, as well as due to the frictional interaction of the auxiliary roller with additional rollers and the frictional interaction of the latter with the metal ring. By adjusting the pressure of the fluid in the cavity of the auxiliary roller, its profile is changed and, thus, the pressing force to the surfaces of the driving, driven and additional rollers is selected.

Moving the driving roller along its axis of rotation and synchronously moving the driven roller along its axis of rotation leads to a change in the clearance between the driving rollers in a pair of driving rollers and a reverse change in the clearance between the driven rollers in a pair of driven rollers. Due to the change in the clearances, the auxiliary roller is pushed out of the space between the rollers, the gap between which decreases in the space between the rollers, the gap between which increases. In this case, the distance between the rotation axis of the auxiliary roller and the rotation axes of the driving and driven rollers changes, which is accompanied by a change in the radius of the conical surfaces of the driving and driven rollers with which the auxiliary roller is in contact, and a corresponding change in the gear ratio. Additional rollers and a metal ring limit the movement of the auxiliary roller, preventing it from being removed from the area of space between the driving and driven rollers.

The main disadvantage of the variator of the prototype is the use of a hollow auxiliary roller connected through a flexible tube to a source of fluid. A flexible hollow roller with a variable profile has a limited service life, and the presence of an auxiliary roller through a flexible tube limits the scope of the variator. The variator uses a metal ring, which is under the action of significant tensile stresses, and this limits the load capacity of the variator and its scope.

In addition, a sharp change in the load on the follower leads to a short-term ejection of the auxiliary roller from the area of space between the leading and driven rollers or the auxiliary roller is pulled into this area depending on the sign of the change in the load on the output shaft (increase or decrease in load) and the direction of rotation of the output shaft along in relation to the auxiliary roller. When the load on the driven shaft, corresponding to the expulsion of the auxiliary roller from the space between the driving and driven rollers, changes, the pressing force of the auxiliary roller against the conical surfaces of the driving and driven rollers decreases, which leads to slipping of the auxiliary roller and a short-term loss of power transmitted through it.

In the claimed utility model, the task of creating a frictional speed variator was solved by a simple design, high load capacity, large resource and stable operation mode.

Like the variator according to the prototype, the claimed friction speed variator according to the first embodiment contains a drive shaft, a driven shaft, at least one drive roller mounted on the drive shaft, at least one driven roller mounted on the driven shaft, an auxiliary roller in contact with the surface of the driving roller and with the surface of the driven roller, the axis of rotation of the driving and driven rollers lie in the same plane and are spatially spaced relative to each other.

In contrast to the prototype, the claimed friction variator according to the first embodiment also contains a second auxiliary roller in contact with the surface of the drive roller and the surface of the driven roller, while the auxiliary rollers are mounted on axes connected to each other, and the axis of rotation of the auxiliary rollers are on different sides from the plane passing through the axis of rotation of the driving and driven rollers.

The general technical result obtained as a result of the implementation of the variants of the claimed utility model is simplification of the design, increasing the stability of power transmission by the variator and stability of auxiliary elements providing frictional transmission of rotational motion from the drive shaft to the driven shaft under conditions of sudden changes in the load on the driven shaft. The mechanism for achieving the indicated technical result consists in the fact that the frictional forces acting on the auxiliary rollers are aimed at pushing one of the auxiliary rollers out of the space region between the driving and driven rollers and simultaneously in the direction of pulling the second auxiliary roller into the indicated space region, which ensures stability pairs of auxiliary rollers and the stability of the transmission of power by the variator from the drive shaft to the follower.

In development of the first version of the claimed utility model, the axis of rotation of the auxiliary rollers lie in one plane, the axis of rotation of the driving and driven rollers (shafts) are on different sides of the plane passing through the axis of rotation of the auxiliary rollers;

the rotation axes of the auxiliary rollers are oriented in space symmetrically with respect to the plane passing through the rotation axes of the driving and driven rollers;

the rotation axes of the auxiliary rollers lie in one plane, the rotation axes of the driving and driven rollers are oriented symmetrically in space with respect to the plane passing through the rotation axes of the auxiliary rollers;

the axis of rotation of the auxiliary rollers lie in one plane perpendicular to the plane passing through the axis of rotation of the leading and driven rollers;

auxiliary rollers are made capable of moving perpendicular to a plane passing through the axis of rotation of the auxiliary rollers.

In a preferred embodiment of the variator, the driving and driven rollers are made capable of moving along the shafts on which they are mounted and pressed against the auxiliary rollers by contacting surfaces;

auxiliary rollers are mounted on axles interconnected by a rod;

auxiliary rollers are mounted on axes forming a movable or rigid or elastic connection between themselves.

The implementation of the claimed utility model in the preferred embodiment allows you to enhance the main technical result and significantly suppress the vibration of the variator associated with sudden changes in the load on the driven shaft, because due to the connection between the auxiliary rollers, the appearance of an additional frictional interaction force directed to one from auxiliary rollers, accompanied by the appearance of a compensating force acting on the second auxiliary roller, which through the specified connection between the auxiliary rollers (rod) is compensated by the action of the previously indicated force acting on the first auxiliary roller.

The surface of the auxiliary roller in contact with the surfaces of the driving and driven rollers is made curvilinear with axial symmetry, while the axis of symmetry coincides with the axis of rotation of the auxiliary roller, each point of the line forming the specified curved surface continuously moves away from the plane of symmetry from the plane perpendicular the axis of symmetry and the intersecting axis of symmetry on the side of the specified curved surface;

the surface of the drive roller in contact with the surfaces of the auxiliary rollers and the surface of the driven roller in contact with the surfaces of the auxiliary rollers are made curved with axial symmetry, the axis of symmetry coinciding with the axis of rotation of the roller having the specified curved surface, each point of the line forming a curved surface, as you move away from the axis of symmetry, it continuously moves away from the plane perpendicular to the axis of symmetry and intersecting the axis of symmetry from the side of the specified curve eynoy surface;

the surfaces of the driving and driven rollers in contact with the surfaces of the auxiliary rollers, as well as the surfaces of the auxiliary rollers in contact with the surfaces of the driving and driven rollers, are made curved, while forming the indicated surface of the driving roller and forming the indicated surface of the auxiliary roller at their contact point form an interface line, forming the specified surface of the driven roller and forming the specified surface of the auxiliary roller at the point of contact form a line with Costumed.

In further development of the first embodiment of the utility model, the variator also contains a drive connected to at least one of the rollers, each of the rollers belonging to the master or follower, not connected to the drive, is connected to the housing or to the shaft on which it is mounted, using a spring element.

The application of the claimed utility model also makes it possible to substantially suppress the influence of dynamic loads on the drive controlling the change in the speed transfer coefficient of the variator.

If the control of switching the speed transfer coefficient of the variator is carried out by moving the leading or driven rollers, the use of a pair of auxiliary rollers allows you to completely abandon the connection of auxiliary rollers with both the drive and any elements of the variator housing, which eliminates the influence of dynamic loads on the drive.

If the drive is connected to an auxiliary roller or some element associated with auxiliary rollers, for example, to a bar on which auxiliary rollers are mounted, dynamic loads on the drive are significantly suppressed due to the mutually compensating effect of frictional forces on a pair of rollers.

In the further development of the first embodiment of the utility model, the contacting curved surfaces of the rollers are made conical, convex or concave, the rod is connected to the housing by means of a movable link, which ensures movement perpendicular to the plane passing through the axis of rotation of the auxiliary rollers, the drive is connected to the rod and is made capable of moving the rod of the plane passing through the axis of rotation of the auxiliary rollers.

The axis of rotation of the auxiliary rollers are parallel or almost parallel to each other. In a preferred embodiment, the angle between the axes of rotation of the auxiliary rollers is not more than 30 degrees, the angle between the axes of rotation of the lead and driven rollers is not more than 30 degrees.

In another implementation of the utility model, the axis of at least one auxiliary roller is connected to the housing by means of a movable link, providing movement in a plane perpendicular to the plane passing through the axis of rotation of the auxiliary roller.

The variator may also contain guides, providing the ability to move the auxiliary rollers perpendicular to the plane passing through the axis of rotation of the auxiliary rollers, while the auxiliary rollers are mounted on axes movably connected to these guides. The guides can be made in the form of plates with cuts oriented perpendicular to the plane passing through the axis of rotation of the auxiliary rollers, the axes of the auxiliary rollers are installed in these sections, or in another implementation, recesses can be made in the housing, oriented perpendicular to the plane passing through the axis of rotation of the auxiliary rollers , the guides can be made in the form of T-shaped links connected to the axes of the auxiliary rollers, the symmetrical parts of the T-shaped links of the mouth Installed in the indicated recesses in the housing.

The driving roller is in contact with the surface of the auxiliary roller on the same side as the driven roller, or the driving and driven rollers are in contact with the surfaces of the auxiliary roller on opposite sides of the auxiliary roller relative to a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the auxiliary roller and passing between the contacting surfaces of the auxiliary roller, both opposite surfaces of the auxiliary roller in contact with the surfaces of the driving and driven rollers are curved eynymi.

The drive can be connected to the auxiliary roller and made capable of moving it in a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the auxiliary roller connected to the drive. The driving and driven rollers can be elastically connected to the housing or shafts on which they are mounted, using metal or polymer spring elements.

In a preferred embodiment of the first embodiment of the claimed utility model, the speed variator comprises at least one pair of drive rollers mounted on the drive shaft, at least one pair of driven rollers mounted on the drive shaft, while the part of the auxiliary roller in contact with the surfaces of the drive rollers, located between the opposite surfaces of the drive rollers, and the part of the auxiliary roller in contact with the surfaces of the driven rollers is located between the opposite surfaces of the leads washed rollers; each of the rollers related to the master or follower, not connected to the drive, experiences the action of a force aimed at reducing the distance between it and the adjacent roller mounted on the same shaft; each of the rollers related to the master or follower, not connected to the drive, is connected to the housing or to the shaft on which it is mounted, or to an adjacent roller mounted on the same shaft using a spring element.

Like the variator of the prototype for the second embodiment, the claimed frictional speed variator of the second embodiment contains a drive shaft, a driven shaft, at least one pair of drive rollers mounted on the drive shaft, at least one pair of driven rollers mounted on the driven shaft , the auxiliary roller in contact with the surfaces of the driving rollers and with the surfaces of the driven rollers, the axis of rotation of the driving and driven rollers lie in the same plane and are spatially spaced relative to each other.

Unlike the prototype in the second embodiment of the claimed utility model, the variator in the second embodiment also contains a second auxiliary roller in contact with the surfaces of the drive rollers and with the surfaces of the driven rollers, while the auxiliary rollers are mounted on axes interconnected, and the axis of rotation of the auxiliary rollers are located different sides of the plane passing through the axis of rotation of the driving and driven rollers.

The implementation of the second version of the claimed utility model also allows you to get the previously mentioned general technical result - simplification of the design, increasing the stability of power transmission by the variator and the stability of auxiliary elements providing frictional transmission of rotational motion from the drive shaft to the driven shaft, under conditions of sudden changes in the load on the driven shaft, since the forces frictional interactions acting on the auxiliary rollers are aimed at pushing one of the auxiliary rollers out of Asti space between the driving and driven rollers and simultaneously in the tightening direction of the second auxiliary roller in a specified region of space, that provides stability pair of auxiliary rollers and the stability of power transmission CVT from the drive shaft to the driven.

In development of the second embodiment of the claimed utility model, a part of the auxiliary roller is located in the gap between the driving rollers, and a part of the auxiliary roller is located in the gap between the driven rollers;

the part of the auxiliary roller in contact with the surfaces of the driving rollers is located between the opposite surfaces of the driving rollers belonging to one pair of driven rollers, and the part of the auxiliary roller in contact with the surfaces of the driven rollers is located between the opposite surfaces of the driven rollers belonging to one pair of driven rollers;

the driving and driven rollers are made capable of moving along the shafts on which they are mounted and pressed against the auxiliary rollers by contacting surfaces, the auxiliary rollers are made capable of moving perpendicular to the plane passing through the axis of rotation of the auxiliary rollers;

the variator also contains a drive connected to at least one of the rollers;

auxiliary rollers are mounted on axles interconnected by a rod;

auxiliary rollers are mounted on axes forming a movable or rigid or elastic connection between themselves.

The implementation of the claimed utility model in the preferred embodiment allows you to enhance the main technical result and significantly suppress the vibration of the variator associated with sudden changes in the load on the driven shaft, because due to the connection between the auxiliary rollers, the appearance of an additional frictional interaction force directed to one of the auxiliary rollers is accompanied by the appearance of a compensating force acting on the second auxiliary roller, which through the specified connection between the auxiliary roller kami (bar) acts on the first auxiliary roller and compensates the action of the first force.

In the further development of the second embodiment of the utility model, the variator contains a drive connected to at least one driving or driven roller and made capable of moving the roller connected to it along its axis of rotation, each of the rollers belonging to the driving or driven, not connected to the drive , experiences the action of a force aimed at reducing the distance between it and the adjacent roller mounted on the same shaft;

the variator also contains a housing, each of the rollers related to the master or follower, not connected to the drive, is connected to the housing or to the shaft on which it is mounted, or to an adjacent roller mounted on the same shaft using a spring element.

The application of the claimed utility model also makes it possible to substantially suppress the influence of dynamic loads on the drive controlling the variation of the speed transfer coefficient by the variator:

if the control of switching the transmission coefficient of the speed of the variator is carried out by moving the leading or driven rollers, the use of a pair of auxiliary rollers allows you to completely abandon the connection of auxiliary rollers both with the drive and with any elements of the variator housing, which eliminates the influence of dynamic loads on the drive;

if the drive is connected to the auxiliary roller or some element associated with the auxiliary rollers, the dynamic loads on the drive are significantly suppressed due to the mutually compensating effect of the frictional forces on the pair of rollers.

In a preferred embodiment of the second embodiment of the claimed utility model:

the axis of rotation of the auxiliary rollers lie in one plane, the axis of rotation of the driving and driven rollers (shafts) are on different sides of the plane passing through the axis of rotation of the auxiliary rollers;

the rotation axes of the auxiliary rollers are oriented in space symmetrically with respect to the plane passing through the rotation axes of the driving and driven rollers;

the rotation axes of the auxiliary rollers lie in one plane, the rotation axes of the driving and driven rollers are oriented symmetrically in space with respect to the plane passing through the rotation axes of the auxiliary rollers;

the axis of rotation of the auxiliary rollers lie in one plane perpendicular to the plane passing through the axis of rotation of the leading and driven rollers;

the surfaces of the auxiliary rollers in contact with the surfaces of the driving and driven rollers are made curved with axial symmetry, while the axis of symmetry coincides with the axis of rotation of the auxiliary roller, each point of the line forming the specified curved surface, continuously moving away from the axis of symmetry from the plane perpendicular the axis of symmetry and the intersecting axis of symmetry on the side of the specified curved surface;

the surfaces of the drive rollers in contact with the surfaces of the auxiliary rollers and the surfaces of the driven rollers in contact with the surfaces of the auxiliary rollers are made curved with axial symmetry, the axis of symmetry coinciding with the axis of rotation of the roller having the specified curved surface, each point of the line forming a curved surface, as you move away from the axis of symmetry, continuously moves away from the plane perpendicular to the axis of symmetry and intersecting the axis of symmetry from the side of the specified curve linear surface;

the surfaces of the driving and driven rollers in contact with the surfaces of the auxiliary rollers, as well as the surfaces of the auxiliary rollers in contact with the surfaces of the driving and driven rollers, are made curved, while forming the indicated surface of the driving roller and forming the indicated surface of the auxiliary roller at their contact point form an interface line, forming the specified surface of the driven roller and forming the specified surface of the auxiliary roller at the point of contact form a line with Costumed.

In a preferred embodiment, the variator contains elastic spring elements connected to at least one of the drive rollers and configured to apply force to the drive roller to reduce the distance between the drive rollers along their axis of rotation, the variator also contains elastic spring elements connected with at least one of the driven rollers and made capable of applying a force to the driven roller to reduce the distance between the driven rollers along their axis of rotation, The said elastic spring elements are made in the form of metal or polymer springs.

The axis of rotation of the auxiliary rollers are parallel or almost parallel to each other. In a preferred embodiment, the angle between the axes of rotation of the auxiliary rollers is not more than 30 degrees, the angle between the axes of rotation of the lead and driven rollers is not more than 30 degrees.

Driving rollers can be interconnected using elastic spring elements, and driven rollers can also be interconnected using elastic spring elements made in the form of metal or polymer springs.

In the further development of the second embodiment of the utility model, the contacting curved surfaces of the rollers are made conical, convex or concave, the rod is connected to the housing by means of a movable link, which ensures movement perpendicular to the plane passing through the axis of rotation of the auxiliary rollers, the drive is connected to the rod and is made capable of moving the rod perpendicular to the plane, passing through the axis of rotation of the auxiliary rollers. In another implementation of the utility model, the axis of at least one auxiliary roller is connected to the housing by means of a movable link, which provides movement perpendicular to the plane passing through the axis of rotation of the auxiliary rollers.

The variator may also contain guides, providing the ability to move the auxiliary rollers perpendicular to the plane passing through the axis of rotation of the auxiliary rollers, while the auxiliary rollers are mounted on axes movably connected to these guides. The guides can be made in the form of plates with cuts oriented perpendicular to the plane passing through the axis of rotation of the auxiliary rollers, the axes of the auxiliary rollers are installed in these sections.

Both opposite surfaces of the auxiliary roller in contact with the surfaces of the driving and driven rollers are made curved. The drive can be connected to the auxiliary roller and made capable of moving it perpendicular to the plane passing through the axis of rotation of the auxiliary rollers. The driving and driven rollers are resiliently connected to the housing or shafts on which they are mounted, using metal or polymer spring elements. In another embodiment of the second embodiment of the utility model, the variator may not contain a housing, and the spring elements can connect the drive and driven rollers directly to the shafts on which they are mounted.

Perhaps the execution of the second variant of the claimed variator, in which several pairs of drive rollers can be installed on the drive shaft, several pairs of driven rollers on the driven shaft, and the corresponding number of auxiliary roller pairs between pairs of drive and driven rollers.

Figure 1 shows the main view of the variator in the implementation that implements the first version of the claimed utility model, with the leading and driven rollers located on one side of the auxiliary rollers, in a state where the auxiliary rollers are biased towards the leading roller;

figure 2 shows a top view of the variator shown in figure 1, with the same position of the auxiliary rollers as in figure 1;

figure 3 shows the main view of the variator in the design shown in figure 1, in a state where the auxiliary rollers are biased towards the driven roller;

figure 4 shows a top view of the variator shown in figure 3, with the same position of the auxiliary rollers as in figure 3;

figure 5 shows the main view of the variator in the implementation that implements the first version of the claimed utility model, with the leading and driven rollers placed on opposite sides of the auxiliary rollers;

in Fig.6 shows a top view of the variator shown in Fig.5;

in Fig.7 shows the pairing of the leading and auxiliary roller in the performance of the variator shown in Fig.5 - Fig.6;

on Fig shows a main view of the variator in the implementation that implements the second version of the claimed utility model;

Fig.9 shows a top view of the variator shown in Fig.8.

Figure 1 - figure 4 shows one example of the implementation of the first variant of the claimed variator. Figure 1 shows the main view of the variator, figure 2 is a top view of the variator in the same position of the auxiliary rollers as in figure 1. For simplicity, the housing of FIG. 2 is not shown. The friction speed variator comprises a housing 1, a drive shaft 2, a driven shaft 3, a drive roller 6 with an axis of rotation 4 mounted on a drive shaft 2, a driven roller 7 with an axis of rotation 5 mounted on a driven shaft 3, an auxiliary roller 10 in contact with the conical surface 31 of the driving roller 6 and with a conical surface 32 of the driven roller 7.

The axis of rotation 4 of the driving roller 6 and the axis of rotation 5 of the driven roller 7 lie in the same plane 18 (Fig.2), spatially spaced relative to each other and form an angle of 20 degrees between themselves. The variator also contains a second auxiliary roller 11 in contact with the conical surface 31 of the driving roller and the bis conical surface 32 of the driven roller 7. The axis of rotation of the drive shaft 2 coincides with the axis of rotation 4 of the drive roller 6. The axis of rotation of the driven shaft 3 coincides with the axis of rotation 5 of the driven roller 7 .

The auxiliary roller 10 is mounted on the axis 12, the auxiliary roller 11 is mounted on the axis 13. The axis of rotation of the auxiliary rollers 10 and 11 coincide with the axis of symmetry of the axes 12 and 13, figure 1 shows for example an axis of rotation 16 of the auxiliary roller 10. In this case, the axis of rotation auxiliary rollers 10 and 11 are located on different sides of the plane 18 passing through the axis of rotation 4 and 5 of the leading and driven rollers. The axis of rotation of the auxiliary rollers 10 and 11 lie in one plane 19 (FIG. 2), the axis of rotation 4 and 5 of the driving 6 and the driven 7 rollers are located on different sides of the plane 19 passing through the axis of rotation of the auxiliary rollers 10 and 11.

The rotation axes of the auxiliary rollers 10 and 11 are oriented in space symmetrically with respect to the plane 18 passing through the rotation axes 4 and 5: they are parallel to each other and the plane 18 and are equidistant from it. In this case, the plane 18 is perpendicular to the plane 19. In another implementation, the angle between the axes of rotation of the auxiliary rollers can be 20 degrees.

The axis of rotation of the auxiliary rollers 10 and 11 lie in one plane 19, the axis of rotation 4 and 5 of the leading 6 and the driven 7 rollers are oriented in space symmetrically with respect to the plane 19 passing through the axis of rotation of the auxiliary rollers 10 and 11: the axis of rotation 4 forms an angle of 10 degrees to plane 19, the axis of rotation 5 also forms an angle of 10 degrees to plane 19, while the intersection point of the axes 4 and 5 lies in plane 19. The axis of rotation 4 and 5 can be oriented parallel to each other and with respect to plane 19.

The surface 34 of the auxiliary roller 10, in contact with the surfaces 31 and 32 of the driving and driven rollers 6 and 7, is made curved conic with axial symmetry, while the axis of symmetry coincides with the axis of rotation 16 of the auxiliary roller 10, each point of a straight line forming the specified conical curved surface 34, as you move away from the axis of symmetry (axis of rotation 16) continuously moves away from the plane 33, perpendicular to the axis of symmetry and intersecting the axis of symmetry from the side of the specified curved surface. Similarly, the surface 35 of the auxiliary roller 11, in contact with the surfaces 31 and 32 of the driving and driven rollers 6 and 7, is made curved conical with axial symmetry, while the axis of symmetry coincides with the axis of rotation of the auxiliary roller 11, each point of a straight line forming the specified conical curved surface 35, as it moves away from the axis of symmetry, it continuously moves away from the plane perpendicular to the axis of symmetry and intersecting the axis of symmetry from the side of the specified curved surface 35.

The surface 31 of the driving roller 6 in contact with the surfaces 33 and 34 of the auxiliary rollers 10 and 11, and the surface 32 of the driven roller 7 in contact with the surfaces 34 and 35 of the auxiliary rollers 10 and 11, are made conical curved with axial symmetry, while the axis of symmetry of the surface 31 coincides with the axis of rotation 4 of the driving roller 6 having the specified curved surface, and the axis of symmetry of the surface 32 coincides with the axis of rotation 5 of the driven roller 7. Each point of the straight line forming the curved surface 31, as The distance from the axis of symmetry (axis of rotation 4) is continuously moving away from the plane 36 perpendicular to the axis of symmetry and intersecting the axis of symmetry from the side of the specified curved surface 31. Similarly, each point of the straight line forming the curved surface 32 as it moves away from the axis of symmetry (axis of rotation 5 ) continuously moves away from the plane 37, perpendicular to the axis of symmetry and intersecting the axis of symmetry from the side of the specified curved surface 32.

The surfaces 31 and 32 of the driving and driven rollers 6 and 7 in contact with the auxiliary rollers 10 and 11, as well as the surfaces 34 and 35 of the auxiliary rollers 10 and 11 in contact with the driving and driven rollers 6 and 7, are made curved conical. In other implementations of the claimed device, the generatrix of the curved surface of the driving or driven roller and the curved surface of the auxiliary roller may be a curved line, so that the surface of the driving or driven roller may be convex, and the surface of the auxiliary roller may be concave or vice versa.

Auxiliary rollers 10 and 11 are mounted on axes 12 and 13, interconnected by a rod 14, which forms a rigid connection between the axes 12 and 13. The connection between the axes 12 and 13 can also be made elastic or movable. The variator also contains a drive 15 connected in this embodiment with auxiliary rollers 10 and 11 by means of a rod 14 on which axes 12 and 13 of auxiliary rollers 10 and 11 are mounted, respectively. The contact point of the actuator 15 with the rod 14 is indicated by the position 17 in figure 1 - figure 4. In other implementations, the actuator 15 may be connected to the axis of the auxiliary roller 10 or 11, or directly to the drive roller 6 or the driven roller 7.

Auxiliary rollers 10 and 11 are made capable of moving in the plane of the figure of figure 2 - perpendicular to the plane 19 passing through the axis of rotation of the auxiliary rollers 10 and 11. The drive roller 6 is connected to the housing 1 by means of a spring element 8, and the driven roller 7 is connected to the housing 1 by means of a spring element 9. The driving and driven rollers 6 and 7 are made capable of moving along the shafts 2 and 3, respectively, on which they are mounted, and by means of springs 8 and 9 are pressed against the auxiliary rollers 10 and 11 by the contacting surfaces 3 1 and 32, respectively. Spring elements 8 and 9 can be made in the form of metal coil springs.

The device operates as follows. Due to the frictional interaction of the auxiliary rollers 10 and 11 with the surface 31 of the drive roller 6 and the surface 32 of the driven roller 7, the rotational movement of the drive shaft 2 through the drive roller 6 and auxiliary rollers 10 and 11 is transmitted to the driven roller 7, and from it to the driven shaft 3. Drive roller 6 contacts the auxiliary roller 10 at a point 22 remote at a distance of 27 from the axis of rotation 4, and with the auxiliary roller 11 at a point 24 remote at a distance of 26 from the axis of rotation 4. Due to the symmetrical arrangement of the auxiliary rollers 10 and 11, the races the states 26 and 27 are equal and form the radius of the contact surface of the driving roller 6. The driven roller 7 is in contact with the auxiliary roller 10 at a point 23 remote at a distance of 29 from the axis of rotation 5, and with the auxiliary roller 11 at a point 25 remote at a distance of 28 from the axis rotation 5. Distances 28 and 29 are equal and form the radius of the contact surface of the driven roller 7.

The ratio between the radii 26 and 28 determines the gear ratio - the gear ratio of speed from the drive shaft 2 to the driven shaft 3. To change the gear ratio using the drive 15 move the rod 14 with auxiliary rollers 10 and 11 mounted on it perpendicular to the plane 19. In FIG. 3, FIG. .4 shows the variator in the same design as the variator in FIG. 1, FIG. 2, but in a state in which the axis of rotation of the auxiliary rollers 10 and 11 are close to the axis of rotation 5 of the driven roller 7 with respect to the position of the auxiliary rollers 10 and 11, display nnomu in Figures 1 and 2. Figure 3 shows the main view of the variator, and figure 4 is a top view of the variator in the same position of the auxiliary rollers as in figure 3.

As the auxiliary rollers 10 and 11 are removed from the axis of rotation 4 of the driving roller 6, the radius 26 of the contact surface of the driving roller 6 increases, and the radius 28 of the contact surface of the driven roller 7 decreases, which leads to an increase in the gear ratio. The reverse movement of the rod 14 in the direction of the axis of rotation 4 reduces the gear ratio. A sharp change in the load on the driven shaft 3 leads to the appearance of forces aimed at pushing one of the auxiliary rollers out of the space between the leading and driven rollers 6 and 7 and tightening the second auxiliary roller to the specified area, which leads to a short-term increase in the clamping force of the pulled auxiliary roller to driving and driven rollers 6 and 7 and loosening the pressure of the ejected auxiliary roller to the driving and driven rollers 6 and 7. The force acting on the drive 15 from the side connected to m of the rod 14 is the sum of the force acting on the rod 14 from the side of the auxiliary roller 10 and the force acting on the rod 14 from the side of the auxiliary roller 11. A short-term increase in the force directed to the drive from the side of the pulled roller is compensated by a decrease in the force from the side of the ejected roller, directed in the same direction, which allows to reduce the vibration of the variator.

Figure 5 - figure 7 shows another example implementation of the first variant of the claimed variator. Figure 5 shows the main view of the variator, Fig.6 is a top view of the variator in the same position of the auxiliary rollers 110 and 111, as in Fig.5, the case of the variator in Fig.6 is not shown. Figure 7 shows the pairing of the drive roller 106 and the auxiliary roller 110 in section by a plane passing through the axis of rotation 104 of the drive roller 106 and the axis of rotation 116 of the auxiliary roller 110. The friction speed variator comprises a housing 101, a drive shaft 102, a driven shaft 103, a drive roller 106 with the axis of rotation 104. mounted on the drive shaft 102, the driven roller 107 with the axis of rotation 105, mounted on the driven shaft 103, an auxiliary roller 110 in contact with the tapered surface 141 of the drive roller 106 and with the tapered surface 142 of the driven roller 107. The drive roller 106 is connected to the housing 101 by means of a spring element 108, which can be made in the form of a metal coil spring.

The axis of rotation 104 of the drive roller 106 and the axis of rotation 105 of the driven roller 107 lie in the same plane 118 (Fig.6), spatially spaced relative to each other and parallel to each other. The axis of rotation of the drive shaft 102 coincides with the axis of rotation 104 of the drive roller 106. The axis of rotation of the driven shaft 103 coincides with the axis of rotation 105 of the driven roller 107.

The variator also contains a second auxiliary roller 111 in contact with the conical surface 141 of the driving roller 106 and with the conical surface 142 of the driven roller 107. The auxiliary roller 110 is mounted on the axis 112, the auxiliary roller 111 is mounted on the axis 113. The rotation axes of the auxiliary rollers 110 and 111 coincide with the axes of symmetry of the axes 112 and 113, figure 5 shows for example an axis of rotation 116 of the auxiliary roller 110. In this case, the axis of rotation of the auxiliary rollers 110 and 111 are located on opposite sides of the plane 118 passing through the axis of rotation 104 and 105 of the leading and driven rollers. The axis of rotation of the auxiliary rollers 110 and 111 lie in one plane 119, the axis of rotation 104 and 105 of the master 106 and the driven 107 of the rollers are located on opposite sides of the plane 119 passing through the axis of rotation of the auxiliary rollers 110 and 111.

The axis of rotation of the auxiliary rollers 110 and 111 are oriented in space symmetrically with respect to the plane 118: they are parallel to each other and to the plane 118 and equidistant from it. The axis of rotation 104 and 105 are parallel to each other and are oriented in space symmetrically with respect to the plane 119, while the plane 118 is perpendicular to the plane 119.

Auxiliary rollers 110 and 111 are made integral, each of which contains two coaxial cones mounted on axes 112 and 113, respectively. The surface 144 of the auxiliary roller 110 in contact with the surface 141 of the driving roller 106 is curved conically with axial symmetry, the surface 143 of the auxiliary roller 110 in contact with the surface 142 of the driven roller 107 is also made curved with axial symmetry. In this case, the axis of symmetry of both surfaces 144 and 143 of the auxiliary roller 110 coincides with its axis of rotation 116, and the axis of symmetry of the conical surfaces of the auxiliary roller 111 coincides with its axis of rotation.

Each point of a straight line forming a conical curved surface 144, as you move away from the axis of symmetry (rotation axis 116), continuously moves away from a plane 148 perpendicular to the axis of symmetry and intersecting the axis of symmetry from the side of the specified curved surface 144, and each point of a straight line forming a conical curved surface 143, with distance from the axis of symmetry (axis of rotation 116) continuously moves away from the plane 149 perpendicular to the axis of symmetry and intersecting the axis of symmetry from the side specified curvilinearly th surface 143. Also, the surfaces of the auxiliary roller 111 in contact with the surfaces 141 and 142 of the driving and driven rollers 106 and 107 are curved conic with axial symmetry, the axis of symmetry coinciding with the axis of rotation of the auxiliary roller 111, each point of a straight line forming each of these conical curved surfaces, as you move away from the axis of symmetry, continuously moves away from the plane perpendicular to the axis of symmetry and intersecting the axis of symmetry from the side of the specified curvilinear surface nosti.

The surfaces 141 and 142 of the driving roller 106 and the driven roller 107, respectively, in contact with the surfaces of the auxiliary rollers 110 and 111, are made conic curved with axial symmetry, while the axis of symmetry of the surface 141 coincides with the axis of rotation 104 of the driving roller 106 having the specified curved surface, and the axis of symmetry of the surface 142 coincides with the axis of rotation 105 of the driven roller 107. Each point of a straight line forming a curved surface 141, as you move away from the axis of symmetry (axis of rotation 104), continuously I am from the plane 146 perpendicular to the axis of symmetry and intersecting the axis of symmetry from the side of the specified curved surface 141. Similarly, each point of a straight line forming a curved surface 142, continuously moving away from the axis of symmetry (rotation axis 105) from the plane 147 perpendicular to the axis of symmetry and intersecting the axis of symmetry from the side of the specified curved surface 142.

The direct generatrix of the conical surface 141 of the drive roller 106 and the direct generatrix of the conical surface 144 of the auxiliary roller 110 at their contact point 122 form a straight interface line 170 of FIG. 7. The generatrix of the conical surface 142 of the driven roller 107 and the generatrix of the conical surface 145 of the auxiliary roller 10 at the point of contact 123 form a straight line. Also, the generatrix of the conical surface 141 of the driving roller 106 and the generatrix of the conical surface of the auxiliary roller 111 at their contact 124 form a straight mating line, and the generatrix of the taper surface 142 of the driven roller 107 and forming the conical surface of the auxiliary roller 111 at their contact 125 form a straight mating line .

Auxiliary rollers 110 and 111 are mounted on axes 112 and 113, interconnected by a rod 114, which is connected to the housing 101 and forms a movable connection between the axles 112 and 113. The rod has through longitudinal holes 131 and 133. The axis 112 passes through the hole 131, washers 135 and 136 are installed on both sides of the axis 112, the outer diameter of which exceeds the width 132 of the hole 131. The width 132 of the hole 131 slightly exceeds the diameter of the axis 112, so that the axis 112 can freely move in the hole 131 along its length the plane of the rod 114. At the end x the axis 112 there are cones forming surfaces 143 and 144. Similarly, the axis 113 passes through the hole 133, and washers are mounted on both sides of the axis 113. The width 134 of the hole 133 slightly exceeds the diameter of the axis 113, so that the axis 113 can also move freely in the hole 133 along its length in the plane of the rod 114. At the ends of the axis 113 there are cones forming surfaces in contact with the surfaces 141 and 142 of the driving and driven rollers, respectively .

The variator also includes a drive 115 connected in this embodiment with a driven roller 107. The drive 115 is capable of moving the driven roller 107 along the shaft 103 on which it is mounted (along the axis of rotation 105). In other implementations, drive 115 may also be coupled to drive roller 106 or to drive roller 106 only.

The auxiliary rollers 110 and 111 are made capable of moving in the plane of the rod 114 (the plane of the figure of FIG. 6) - perpendicular to the plane 119 passing through the axis of rotation of the auxiliary rollers 110 and 111. The driving and driven rollers 106 and 107 are made capable of moving along the shafts 102 and 103, respectively on which they are mounted (along the axis of rotation 104 and 105), and pressed against the auxiliary rollers 110 and 111 by the contacting surfaces 141 and 142, respectively.

In another embodiment of the first embodiment of the utility model, the variator may not contain a housing, and spring elements can connect the drive and driven rollers directly to the shafts on which they are mounted.

The device operates as follows. Due to the frictional interaction of the auxiliary rollers 110 and 111 with the surface 141 of the drive roller 106 and the surface 142 of the driven roller 107, the rotational movement of the drive shaft 102 is transmitted through the drive roller 106 and the auxiliary rollers 110 and 111 to the driven roller 107, and from it to the driven shaft 103. Driving roller 106 is in contact with the auxiliary roller 110 at a point 122 remote at a distance of 127 from the axis of rotation 104, and with the auxiliary roller 111 at a point 124 remote at a distance of 126 from the axis of rotation 104. The distances 126 and 127 are equal and form a contact radius th surface of the driving roller 106. The driven roller 107 is in contact with the auxiliary roller 110 at a point 123 remote at a distance of 129 from the axis of rotation 105, and with the auxiliary roller 111 at a point 125 remote at a distance of 128 from the axis of rotation 105. The distances 128 and 129 are equal and form the radius of the contact surface of the driven roller 107.

The ratio between the radii 126 and 128 determines the gear ratio — the gear ratio of the speed from the drive shaft 102 to the driven shaft 103. To change the gear ratio using the drive 115, the driven roller 107 is moved along the driven shaft 103 on which it is mounted. The increase in the distance 121 leads to the displacement of the auxiliary rollers 110 and 111 towards the drive roller 106, which, in turn, leads to the movement of the drive roller 106 along the drive shaft 102 on which it is mounted, and an increase in the distance 120. The gear ratio increases, the reverse movement of the driven roller 107 with decreasing distance 121 leads to a reduction in gear ratio. The auxiliary rollers 110 and 111 are not connected in any way with the variator case 101, therefore, when the load on the driven shaft 203 changes abruptly, the shock loads arising from this on the axes of the auxiliary rollers 110 and 111 are not transferred to the variator case 101.

On Fig, Fig.9 shows one example of the implementation of the second variant of the claimed utility model. On Fig given the main view of the variator, in Fig.9 is a top view of the variator in the same position of the auxiliary rollers 210 and 211, as in Fig.8. To simplify the case of the variator in Fig.9 is not shown. The friction speed variator comprises a housing 201, a drive shaft 202, a driven shaft 203, a pair of drive rollers 206, 256 mounted on a drive shaft 202, a pair of driven rollers 207, 257 mounted on a driven shaft 203, rotation axes 204 and 205 of the drive and driven rollers respectively, lie in the same plane 218 and are spatially separated. The axis of rotation 204 of the drive rollers 206, 256 coincides with the axis of rotation of the drive shaft 202. The axis of rotation 205 of the driven rollers 207, 257 coincides with the axis of rotation of the driven shaft 203. The variator also contains auxiliary rollers 210 and 211 in contact with the surfaces 231 and 251 of the drive rollers 206 and 256 and with surfaces 232 and 252 of the driven rollers 207 and 257.

Moreover, the part of the auxiliary roller 210 in contact with the surfaces 231 and 251 of the driving rollers 206 and 256 is located between these opposite surfaces 231 and 251, and the part of the auxiliary roller 210 in contact with the surfaces 232 and 252 of the driven rollers 207 and 257 is located between these opposite surfaces 232 and 252. Also, the part of the auxiliary roller 211 in contact with the opposite surfaces 231 and 251 of the driving rollers 206 and 256 is located between them, and the part of the auxiliary roller 211 in contact with the opposite E surfaces 232 and 252 are driven rollers 207 and 257 disposed therebetween.

The auxiliary rollers 210 and 211 are mounted on the axles 212 and 213, respectively, interconnected by a rod 214, which, thus, forms a rigid connection between the axles 212 and 213. The auxiliary rollers 210 and 211 can be mounted on the axes forming a movable bond (articulated or elastic). The rotation axes of the auxiliary rollers 210, 211 lie in the same plane 219. The rotation axes 204 and 205 lie in the same plane 218, are located on different sides of the plane 219 and are oriented in space symmetrically with respect to the plane 219: they are parallel to each other and the plane 219 and are equidistant from her. The plane 218 is perpendicular to the plane 219. In this case, the axis of rotation of the auxiliary rollers 210 and 211 are located on different sides of the plane 218 and are oriented in space symmetrically relative to it: they are parallel to each other, parallel to the plane 218 and equidistant from it. In another implementation, the angle between the rotation axes 204 and 205 of the driving and driven rollers can be 20 degrees, the angle between the rotation axes of the auxiliary rollers 210 and 211 can also be 20 degrees.

Auxiliary rollers 210 and 211 are able to move perpendicularly to a plane 219 passing through the axis of rotation of the auxiliary rollers 210 and 211. Leading rollers 206, 256 are able to move along the shaft 202 on which they are mounted (along the axis of rotation 204), driven rollers 207, 257 are able to move along the shaft 203 on which they are mounted (along the axis of rotation 205).

The variator also includes a drive 215 connected to the driven roller 257 and configured to move the connected roller 257 along the shaft 203 on which it is mounted and, accordingly, along its axis of rotation 205. The drive roller 206 is connected to the housing 201 by means of a spring element 208 , the drive roller 256 is connected to the housing 201 by means of a spring element 258, the driven roller 207 is connected to the housing 201 by the spring element 209. Each of the rollers 206, 256, 207 refers to the master or follower, is not connected to the drive 215 and is subjected to forcefrom the side of the spring elements 208, 258, 209, aimed at reducing the distance 220 between the drive roller 206 and the adjacent drive roller 256 mounted on the same shaft 202, as well as reducing the distance between the driven roller 207 and the adjacent driven roller 257 mounted on the same the shaft 203. The rollers 206, 256, 207, 257 are able to be pressed against the auxiliary rollers 210 and 211 by the contacting surfaces 231, 251, 232, 252 under the influence of the spring elements 208, 258, 209 and the drive 215.

The spring elements 208, 258, 209 can be made in the form of metal coil springs or elastic polymer elements. The drive 215 can also be connected to the second driven roller 207 or to one or two drive rollers 206 and / or 256. In another embodiment of the variator, each of the rollers 206, 256, 207 related to the master or follower and not connected to the drive 215 can be connected by means of a spring element to the shaft on which it is mounted, or to an adjacent roller mounted on the same shaft.

Auxiliary rollers 210 and 211 are made integral: each of the rollers contains a pair of discs mounted on the same axis on opposite sides of the rod 214. The surface 234 of the auxiliary roller 210 in contact with the surface 231 of the driving roller 206 and the surface 232 of the driven roller 207 is made curved conic with axial symmetry, while the axis of symmetry coincides with the axis of rotation 216 of the auxiliary roller 210, each point of a straight line forming the specified curved surface 234, with distance from the axis of symmetry (axis of rotation 216) continuously moves away from a plane 233 perpendicular to the axis of symmetry and intersecting the axis of symmetry from the side of the specified curved surface 234. Also, the surface 254 of the auxiliary roller 210 in contact with the surface 251 of the drive roller 256 and the surface 252 of the driven roller 257, is made curved conic with axial symmetry, this axis of symmetry coincides with the axis of rotation 216 of the auxiliary roller 210, each point of a straight line forming the specified curved surface 254, with distance from the axis of symmetry (axis of rotation eniya 216) is continuously removed from the plane 253 perpendicular to the symmetry axis and the symmetry axis intersects said curved side surface 254. In the illustrated embodiment, the auxiliary rollers 210 and 211 are identical.

The surfaces 231, 251 of the driving rollers 206, 256 and the surfaces 232, 252 of the driven rollers 207, 257 in contact with the surfaces of the auxiliary rollers 210 and 211 are made curved with axial symmetry, while the axis of symmetry of the curved surfaces 231, 251 coincides with the axis of rotation 204 of the leading rollers 206, 256 having the specified curved surface, the axis of symmetry of the curved surfaces 232, 252 coincides with the axis of rotation 205 of the driven rollers 207, 257. Each point of a straight line forming a curved surface 231, with distance from the axis of symmetry ( and rotation 204) continuously moves away from the plane 236 perpendicular to the axis of symmetry and intersecting the axis of symmetry from the side of the specified curved surface. Curved surfaces 251, 232 and 252 are formed in a similar manner. In this case, the direct generatrix of the conical surface 231 of the driving roller 206 and the direct generatrix of the conical surface 234 of the auxiliary roller 10 at their contact point 222 form a straight mating line. The corresponding interface lines of the surfaces 251, 232 and 252 with the surfaces of the auxiliary rollers 210 and 211 form straight lines at the points of contact, projected onto the plane of the figure in Fig. 9, indicated by 223, 224, 225.

Perhaps the execution of the second variant of the claimed variator, in which several pairs of drive rollers can be installed on the drive shaft, several pairs of driven rollers on the driven shaft, and the corresponding number of auxiliary roller pairs between pairs of drive and driven rollers. In another embodiment of the second embodiment of the utility model, the variator may not contain a housing, and the spring elements can connect the drive and driven rollers directly to the shafts on which they are mounted.

The device operates as follows. Due to the frictional interaction of the auxiliary rollers 210 and 211 with the surfaces 231 and 251 of the drive rollers 206, 256 and the surfaces 232, 252 of the driven rollers 207, 257, the rotational movement of the drive shaft 202 is transmitted through the drive rollers 206, 256 and the auxiliary rollers 210 and 211 to the driven rollers 207, 257, and from them to the driven shaft 203. The driving roller 206 is in contact with the auxiliary roller 210 at a point 222 remote at a distance of 227 from the axis of rotation 204, and with the auxiliary roller 211 at a point 224 remote at a distance of 226 from the axis of rotation 204. Driven the roller 207 is in contact with auxiliary roller 210 at a point 223 remote at a distance of 229 from the axis of rotation 205, and with an auxiliary roller 211 at a point 225 remote at a distance of 228 from the axis of rotation 205. The contact points of the drive roller 256 with the auxiliary rollers 210 and 211 in projection onto the plane of the figure Fig.9 coincides with points 222 and 224, respectively, and the contact points of the driven roller 257 with auxiliary rollers 210 and 211 in projection onto the plane of the figure of Fig.9 coincide with points 223 and 225, respectively. The distances 226 and 227 are equal and form the radius of the contact surfaces of the drive rollers 206, 256. The distances 228 and 229 are equal and form the radius of the contact surfaces of the driven rollers 207, 257.

The ratio between the radii 226 and 228 determines the gear ratio - the speed transmission coefficient from the drive shaft 202 to the driven shaft 203. To change the gear ratio using the drive 215, the driven roller 257 is moved along the driven shaft 203 on which it is mounted (along the axis of rotation 205). Increasing the distance 245 reduces the distance 244 between the driven rollers 207 and 257 and displaces the auxiliary rollers 210 and 211 towards the drive rollers 206, 256, which in turn leads to the movement of the drive rollers 206 and 256 along the drive shaft 202 on which they are mounted , and increase the distance 220 between them. In this case, the gear ratio decreases, and the reverse movement of the driven roller 257 with a decrease in distance 245 leads to an increase in the gear ratio. The auxiliary rollers 210 and 211 are not connected in any way with the variator housing 201, so that the shock loads on the axes of the auxiliary rollers 210 and 211 arising from a sharp change in the load on the driven shaft 203 are not transmitted to the variator housing 201.

Claims (14)

1. Friction speed variator comprising a drive shaft, a driven shaft, at least one drive roller mounted on the drive shaft, at least one driven roller mounted on the driven shaft, an auxiliary roller in contact with the surface of the drive roller and the surface the driven roller, the axis of rotation of the driving and driven rollers are in the same plane and spatially spaced, characterized in that it also contains a second auxiliary roller in contact with the surface of the driving roller and with the surface of the driven Olika, wherein the auxiliary rollers are mounted on shafts, linked, and the rotation axis of the auxiliary rollers are on opposite sides of the plane passing through the axis of rotation of the drive and driven pulleys. 2. The variator according to claim 1, characterized in that the axis of rotation of the auxiliary rollers lie in one plane perpendicular to the plane passing through the axis of rotation of the driving and driven rollers, the axis of rotation of the driving and driven rollers are on different sides from the plane passing through the axis of rotation auxiliary rollers, while the axis of rotation of the driving and driven rollers are oriented symmetrically in space relative to the plane passing through the axis of rotation of the auxiliary rollers, the axis of rotation of the auxiliary rollers They are mounted in space symmetrically with respect to a plane passing through the axis of rotation of the driving and driven rollers, auxiliary rollers are made capable of moving perpendicularly to the plane passing through the axis of rotation of the auxiliary rollers. 3. The variator according to claim 1, characterized in that the driving and driven rollers are made capable of moving along the shafts on which they are mounted and pressed against the auxiliary rollers by contacting surfaces, the auxiliary rollers are mounted on axles interconnected by a rod and forming between a movable or rigid, or elastic bond. 4. The variator according to claim 1, characterized in that the surfaces of the driving and driven rollers in contact with the surfaces of the auxiliary rollers, as well as the surfaces of the auxiliary rollers in contact with the surfaces of the driving and driven rollers, are made curved with axial symmetry, while the axis of symmetry coincides with the rotation axis of the roller having the specified curved surface, each point of the line forming the curved surface, continuously moving away from the axis of symmetry from the plane perpendicular to the axis of etrii and intersecting the axis of symmetry of the part of said curved surface. 5. The variator according to claim 1, characterized in that the surfaces of the driving and driven rollers in contact with the surfaces of the auxiliary rollers, as well as the surfaces of the auxiliary rollers in contact with the surfaces of the driving and driven rollers, are made curved, while forming a specified surface of the driving roller and forming the specified surface of the auxiliary roller in the place of their contact form an interface line forming the specified surface of the driven roller and forming the specified surface of the auxiliary roller at the point of contact to form a line interface. 6. The variator according to claim 1, characterized in that the variator also contains a drive connected to at least one of the rollers, each of the rollers related to the master or follower, not connected to the drive, is connected to the housing or to the shaft, on which it is mounted, using a spring element. 7. A friction speed variator comprising a drive shaft, a driven shaft, at least one pair of drive rollers mounted on the drive shaft, at least one pair of driven rollers mounted on the driven shaft, an auxiliary roller in contact with the surfaces of the drive rollers, and with the surfaces of the driven rollers, the axis of rotation of the driving and driven rollers are in the same plane and spatially spaced, characterized in that it also contains a second auxiliary roller in contact with the surfaces of the driving rollers and NOSTA driven rollers, wherein the auxiliary rollers are mounted on shafts, linked, and the rotation axis of the auxiliary rollers are on opposite sides of the plane passing through the axis of rotation of the drive and driven pulleys. 8. The variator according to claim 7, characterized in that the part of the auxiliary roller is located in the gap between the driven rollers, and the part of the auxiliary roller is located in the gap between the driven rollers, while the part of the auxiliary roller in contact with the surfaces of the driving rollers is located between the opposite surfaces of the leading rollers belonging to one pair of driving rollers, and the part of the auxiliary roller in contact with the surfaces of the driven rollers is located between the opposite surfaces of the driven rollers, from worn to one pair of driven rollers. 9. The variator according to claim 7, characterized in that the driving and driven rollers are made capable of moving along the shafts on which they are mounted and pressed against the auxiliary rollers by contacting surfaces, the auxiliary rollers are made capable of moving perpendicular to the plane passing through the axis of rotation of the auxiliary rollers. 10. The variator according to claim 7, characterized in that it also contains a drive connected to at least one of the rollers, auxiliary rollers are mounted on axles connected to each other by a rod and forming a movable or rigid or elastic connection between them. 11. The variator according to claim 7, characterized in that it comprises a housing and a drive connected to at least one driving or driven roller and configured to move a roller connected to it along its axis of rotation, each of the rollers related to the driving or the follower, not connected to the drive, is connected to the housing or to the shaft on which it is mounted, or to an adjacent roller mounted on the same shaft using a spring element and experiences the action of a force aimed at reducing the distance between it and the adjacent roller, nym on the same shaft. 12. The variator according to claim 7, characterized in that the axis of rotation of the auxiliary rollers lie in one plane perpendicular to the plane passing through the axis of rotation of the driving and driven rollers, the axis of rotation of the driving and driven rollers are on different sides from the plane passing through the axis of rotation auxiliary rollers, while the axis of rotation of the driving and driven rollers are oriented symmetrically in space relative to the plane passing through the axis of rotation of the auxiliary rollers, the axis of rotation of the auxiliary rollers ntirovany space symmetrically with respect to a plane passing through the axis of rotation of the drive and driven pulleys. 13. The variator according to claim 7, characterized in that the surfaces of the driving and driven rollers in contact with the surfaces of the auxiliary rollers, as well as the surfaces of the auxiliary rollers in contact with the surfaces of the driving and driven rollers, are made curved with axial symmetry, while the axis of symmetry coincides with the rotation axis of the roller having the specified curved surface, each point of the line forming the curved surface, continuously moving away from the axis of symmetry from the plane perpendicular to the axis of metrics and the intersecting axis of symmetry from the side of the specified curved surface. 14. The variator according to claim 7, characterized in that the surfaces of the driving and driven rollers in contact with the surfaces of the auxiliary rollers, as well as the surfaces of the auxiliary rollers in contact with the surfaces of the driving and driven rollers, are made curved, while forming a specified surface of the driving roller and forming the specified surface of the auxiliary roller at the point of contact form an interface line forming the specified surface of the driven roller and forming the specified surface of the auxiliary roller and in the place of their contact form a line of conjugation.