RU107895U1 - WATER PREPARATION SYSTEM FOR DROP IRRIGATION WITH DRAINAGE DISINFECTION (OPTIONS) - Google Patents

Abstract

 1. A system for preparing water for drip irrigation, comprising a water filtration subsystem, a drainage disinfection subsystem with a dirty drainage tank at the inlet and a clean drainage tank at the outlet, an acidification and water circulation subsystem with a process water tank in the circulation circuit, which is configured to connections to a water source, a subsystem for mixing drainage and water, and a control controller, one input of a subsystem for mixing drainage and water is connected to a tank for clean drainage, and the other input to a drain pipe water, and the output is the output of the system, the input of the water filtration subsystem is connected to the tank for technical water, and each of these tanks is equipped with level sensors connected to the controller with the ability to control the operation of pumps and valves of the subsystems according to signals received from level sensors. ! 2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with a water heating subsystem, the input of which is connected to the output of the water filtration subsystem, and the output to the filtered water discharge pipe. ! 3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with a drainage filtering subsystem with a tank for dirty unfiltered drainage at the inlet, the outlet of which is connected to the specified tank for dirty drainage, which is a tank for dirty filtered drainage. ! 4. A system for preparing water for drip irrigation, containing a water filtration subsystem, a drainage disinfection subsystem with a dirty drainage tank at the inlet and a clean drainage tank at the outlet, an acidification and water circulation subsystem with a utility water tank in the circulation circuit, a drain mixing subsystem

Description

The utility model relates to agriculture, in particular, to irrigated agriculture with drip irrigation systems and can be used in greenhouses.

Water filtration in drip irrigation systems is very widespread. It is necessary when preparing water for irrigation to prevent clogging droppers, as well as to ensure uninterrupted and long-term operation of engineering equipment.

A known system for preparing water for drip irrigation, comprising a pumping station, a sand filter with upper and lower drainage pipes, a hydrocyclone connected to the upper drainage pipe, a fine filter connected to the lower drainage pipe, a tank for preparing a nutrient solution connected to the outlet of the hydrocyclone ( RU 2229217, publ. 02.20.2004).

In modern greenhouse farms, the reuse of drainage for irrigation is becoming more and more popular. The known system does not allow to solve this problem.

The objective of the utility model is to create a comprehensive water treatment system for drip irrigation, which ensures the disinfection of drainage solutions, which works automatically and at the same time reduces the amount of bicarbonates in water, and also, in particular cases, provides preliminary filtering of the drainage from suspensions and heating of water obtained from the well.

The problem is solved by the water treatment system for drip irrigation according to the first embodiment, containing a water filtration subsystem, a drainage disinfection subsystem with a dirty drainage tank at the inlet and a clean drainage tank at the outlet, an acidification and water circulation subsystem with a tank for industrial water in the circulation circuit, which is made with the possibility of connecting to a water source, a subsystem for mixing drainage and water and a control controller, one input of a subsystem for mixing drainage and water is connected to a tank for clean drain already, and the other inlet is with the filtered water discharge pipe, and the outlet is the system outlet, the inlet of the water filtration subsystem is connected to the technical water tank, and each of these tanks is equipped with level sensors connected to the controller with the ability to control the operation of pumps and valves of the subsystems signals received from level sensors.

When using water from a well, the system can be equipped with a water heating subsystem, the input of which is connected to the outlet of the water filtration subsystem, and the outlet to the filtered water discharge pipe.

When using drainage containing suspension, the system can be equipped with a drainage filtering subsystem with a tank for dirty unfiltered drainage at the inlet, the outlet of which is connected to the specified tank for dirty drainage, which is a tank for dirty filtered drainage.

The problem is also solved by the system for preparing water for drip irrigation according to the second option, which contains a water filtration subsystem, a drainage disinfection subsystem with a dirty drainage tank at the inlet and a clean drainage tank at the outlet, an acidification and water circulation subsystem with a tank for industrial water in the circulation circuit , a drainage and water mixing subsystem and a control controller, one input of the drainage and water mixing subsystem is connected to the tank for clean drainage, the other entrance is connected to the technical water tank, and the output is connected ene with inlet water filtration subsystem, and each of said tanks is provided with level sensors connected to the controller with the ability to control operation of pumps and valves subsystems on signals received from the level sensors.

When using water from a well, the system can be equipped with a water heating subsystem, the input of which is connected to the output of the water filtration subsystem, and the output is the output of the system.

When using drainage containing suspension, the system can be equipped with a drainage filtering subsystem with a tank for dirty unfiltered drainage at the inlet, the outlet of which is connected to the specified tank for dirty drainage, which is a tank for dirty filtered drainage.

The problem is also solved by the system for preparing water for drip irrigation according to the third embodiment, containing a water filtration subsystem, the inlet of which is intended to be connected to a water source, a drainage disinfection subsystem with a dirty drainage tank at the inlet and a clean drainage tank at the outlet, an acidification and circulation subsystem water with a tank for industrial water in the circulation circuit, a subsystem for mixing drainage and water and a control controller, one input of a subsystem for mixing drainage and water is connected to the tank for clean drainage, the other input is with a technical water tank, and the output is the system output, and each of these tanks is equipped with level sensors connected to the controller with the ability to control the operation of pumps and subsystem valves by signals received from level sensors.

When using water from a well, the system can be equipped with a water heating subsystem, the input of which is connected to the output of the water filtration subsystem, and the output to the circulation circuit of the acidification and water circulation subsystem.

When using drainage containing suspension, the system can be equipped with a drainage filtering subsystem with a tank for dirty unfiltered drainage at the inlet, the outlet of which is connected to the specified tank for dirty drainage, which is a tank for dirty filtered drainage.

Reuse of drainage for irrigation requires preliminary disinfection. Disinfection can be carried out by heat treatment or exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation. If the drainage contains suspensions, prior to disinfection, a preliminary filtration of the drainage solution is required.

Almost every agronomist was faced with the problem of changing the pH during irrigation, when the solution node prepares a nutrient solution in accordance with a given acidity, and a solution with a pH level higher than the specified one by 0.5-1.0 comes to the dropper. This problem occurs due to the bicarbonates contained in the water. Their negative effect is to neutralize the acid during movement through the pipes, which is why a change in the pH of the solution coming to the dropper occurs. In the proposed system, the subsystem of acidification and circulation of water includes a tank for industrial water, in which ion exchange processes take place, and bicarbonates, neutralizing the added acids, are reduced in quantity. And at that moment when the pump of the water filtration subsystem starts pumping water from this tank, it is already suitable for irrigation, and the pH will not change further in it.

The source of irrigation water is often wells with a temperature of 3-7 degrees above zero. Requirements for water temperature for irrigation vary from 18 to 25 degrees, depending on the crop and phase of plant growth. Therefore, in automatic irrigation systems, the water heating subsystem is almost always used.

In addition, irrigation water needs periodic recirculation, using which together with acidification, and often with heating, it is possible to achieve the maximum quality of raising water.

The utility model is illustrated by drawings, which depict the following.

Figure 1 shows a diagram of the proposed water treatment system according to the first embodiment.

Figure 2 shows a diagram of a subsystem of water filtration.

Figure 3 shows a diagram of a drainage filtration subsystem.

Figure 4 shows a fragment of the proposed water treatment system according to the second embodiment.

Figure 5 shows a diagram of a subsystem of drainage disinfection.

Figure 6 shows a fragment of the proposed water treatment system according to the third embodiment.

7 shows a diagram of the acidification and circulation subsystem for operation in the acidification mode in the trunk.

On Fig shows a diagram of the acidification and circulation subsystem for operation in the acidification mode in the highway.

Figure 9 shows an example of a tank system with level sensors.

Figure 10 shows a diagram of the relay controlling the filling of tanks.

The system for preparing water for drip irrigation for each of the three options contains a subsystem 1 for filtering water, a subsystem 2 for disinfecting the drainage with a tank 3 for dirty drainage at the inlet and a tank 4 for clean drainage at the outlet, a subsystem 5 for acidifying and circulating water with a tank 6 for technical water in the circulation circuit, subsystem 7 mixing drainage and water. When using water from a well, the system can be equipped with a subsystem 8 for heating water, the input of which is connected to the output of the subsystem 1 of water filtration. When using drainage containing slurry, the system can be equipped with a subsystem 9 for filtering drainage with a tank 10 for dirty unfiltered drainage at the inlet (Fig. 3), the outlet of which is connected to a tank 3 for dirty drainage, which in this case is a tank for dirty filtered drainage .

Each of these tanks 3, 4, 6, 10 is equipped with level sensors 11, 12, 13, 14 (Fig. 7), connected to a controller (not shown) with the ability to control the operation of pumps and subsystem valves according to signals received from level sensors.

The system options differ from each other by the location of the subsystem 7 for mixing water and drainage, the place of water supply from an external source and the place of exit of the system - the place of drainage of water for irrigation.

In the system according to the first embodiment (Fig. 1), one input of the subsystem 7 for mixing drainage and water is connected to the tank 4 for clean drainage, and the other input is for the filtered water discharge pipe 11, and the output of the subsystem 7 is the system output connected to the dropper. The input of the water filtration subsystem 1 is connected to the tank 6 for industrial water. The water source is connected to the circulation circuit of the subsystem 5 of acidification and water circulation. If there is a water heating subsystem 8 at the outlet of the water filtration subsystem 1, water from the subsystem 8 is supplied to the water mixing and drainage subsystem 7 through the filtered water discharge pipe 11. In its absence, water is mixed directly from the water filtration subsystem 1.

In the system according to the second embodiment (Fig. 4), the subsystem 7 for mixing drainage and water is located in front of the entrance to the water filtration subsystem 1. At the same time, one input of the subsystem 7 for mixing drainage and water is connected to the tank for clean drainage, the other input is connected to the tank of technical water, and the output is connected to the input of the subsystem 1 of water filtration. If there is a water heating subsystem 8 at the outlet of the water filtration subsystem 1, the output of the subsystem 8 is the output of the system connected to an irrigation dropper or to a storage tank. In its absence, the way out of the system is the output of the subsystem 1 water filtration.

In the system according to the third embodiment (Fig. 6), the subsystem 7 for mixing drainage and water is connected, as in the first embodiment, to the tank 4 for clean drainage and to the tank 6 for industrial water, and the output of the subsystem 7 is connected to an irrigation dropper or storage tank. In this case, the water source is connected to the input (pump) of the water filtration subsystem 1.

The water filtration subsystem 1 includes (FIG. 2) a filter inlet pump 15 inlet, a filter valve 16, a sand and gravel filter 17 (PHF), a fine filter 18 (FTO) and an outlet filter valve 19. With the output of the PHF 17 through the flushing valve 20, a flushing pump 21 is connected. A flush valve 22 is connected to the inlet of the PGF 17, through which the drain is carried out.

PFF 17 cleans water from impurities and suspensions, which can not cope with fine mesh or plate filters. The washing of PHF 17 is carried out automatically. As the criteria for starting the flushing, the volume of pumped water or the operating time of the PHF 17 can be used.

Additional purification of water is provided by PTO 18 (130 microns). Lamellar FTO 18 provides mechanical cleaning of solutions from fractions of more than 130 microns. The filter elements are easily washed and have an almost unlimited service life.

The drainage filtration subsystem 9 includes (FIG. 3) a filter pump 23, a filter valve 24, an FPG 25, a PTO 26 and a filling valve 27 of a dirty filtered drainage tank 3, connected in series. There is no flushing pump. For washing the PPG 25, a filter pump 23 is used. To this end, the output of the filter pump 23 through the flushing valve 28 is connected to the output of the PPG 25, and the input of the PPG 27 is connected to the drain valve 29.

The same circuit without a flushing pump can be used for the water filtration subsystem 1, for example, in the seme of the system according to the second embodiment (Fig. 4).

The drainage disinfection subsystem 2 is depicted in FIG. 5. The principle of its operation is to pass through the drainage of ultraviolet radiation generated by special lamps. UV radiation with a wavelength of 253.7 nm stops the reproduction of microorganisms in the drainage solution. The subsystem includes a tank 3 for dirty drainage and a pump 31, a plate filter 32, a valve 33, a disinfection chamber 34 and a crane 35 connected to a tank 4 for clean drainage connected in series with it through a tap 30. In front of the tap 35, a tap 36 is connected to drain into the sewer. The pipeline between the PTO 32 and the valve 33 is connected to the ejector 37 connected through the valve 38 to the tank 39 with acid. The output of the ejector 37 through the valve 40 is connected to the tank 3 for dirty drainage. In this way, a circulation loop is formed to acidify the drainage. To the input and output of the ejector 37 connected pH sensors 41. The pipeline between the valve 30 and the pump 31 through the valve 42 is connected to the tank 43 flushing.

Subsystem 2 contains a battery of 44 UV lamps. Each lamp 44 is installed in a special quartz glass bulb. Flasks through quick connectors are installed in the disinfection chambers 34 made of stainless steel. The diameters of the chambers 34 are selected in such a way as to ensure maximum productivity on the one hand and, on the other hand, to obtain the thickness of a layer of water washing the bulb with a lamp thin enough for UV rays to penetrate.

During operation, the radiation power of the UV lamp 34 is measured by a sensor (not shown) installed inside the camera 34. Based on its readings, the computer system automatically calculates the exposure time that is necessary for the solution to receive a given dose of UV radiation. Based on the calculated irradiation time, taking into account the volume of the disinfection chamber 34 and the number of lamps, the optimal disinfection performance is calculated.The built-in flow meter 45 records the actual performance of the disinfection subsystem 2 and, if it differs from the calculated one, the computer system controls the frequency converter of the pump 31 until the required performance is set.

When you turn on the pump 31 is a constant measurement of the acidity (pH) of the passing solution. At high pH values of the solution, the ejector 37 feeds acid into the drain to maintain the pH of the solution at a predetermined level. This allows you to maintain the stability of the drainage solution, and also prevents the deposition of sediment on the lamps 44.

The acidification and circulation subsystem 5 can operate in two modes: acidification in the line and acidification in the tank 4 for process water. The acidification scheme in the line includes (Fig.7) an ejector 46 connected through a tap 47 with a capacity of 48 with acid. The output of the ejector 46 is connected to a mixer 49 (mixing capacity), which is connected through a pump 50 to the main line - a pipe 51 for supplying water to the tank 6 for industrial water. The same pipe 51 is connected to the mixer 49 through a hydraulic float valve 52 filling the mixer. At the inlet and outlet of the ejector 46, pH sensors 53 are installed.

Water from a pipeline connected to a water source (according to the first and second options) or to the heating subsystem 8 (according to the third option) through a hydraulic valve 52 controlled by a float enters the mixing tank - mixer 49. The pump 50 is turned on and it delivers liquid from mixer 49 into the main pipeline 51. It passes sequentially through two pH sensors 53. Part of the liquid from the outlet of the pump 50 enters the ejector 46 (ejection pump). The ejector 49 through the shut-off valve 47 picks up acid from the tank 48 and delivers it to the mixer 49. If the measured pH is higher than the set value, then the valve 47 is pulsed open. The duration of the pulses opening the tap 47 is controlled by a control controller (not shown).

The use of feedback in the control loop ensures that the pH of the water is accurately maintained. If desired, an individual range of permissible deviation of the measured value from the set value can be set for each 53 pH sensor.

The acidification scheme in the tank 3 for industrial water (Fig. 8) does not have a mixing tank. The pump 54 and the tank 3 for industrial water are directly connected by pipelines with the formation of a circulation circuit. The ejector 55, connected through a valve 56 with a capacity of 57 with acid and connected at the inlet and outlet with pH sensors 58, is installed parallel to the main pipe 59 connecting the outlet of the pump 54 to the tank 3.

The heating subsystem 8 (Fig. 4) includes an inlet pump (which may be absent, as shown in Fig. 4), a plate heat exchanger 60, a three-way mixing valve 61, one input of which is connected to the heat exchanger, the second input is directly with the input of the subsystem 8 (or with the pump outlet), and a water temperature sensor 62 is installed at the outlet. At the inlet of the coolant supply to the heat exchanger 60, a valve 63 is installed. The temperature is controlled by a three-way mixing valve 61. The valve 63 on the side of the heating main closes when water consumption is finished.

There may not be a pump at the input of subsystem 8, and its function can be performed by a feed pump of another subsystem.

To start the heating subsystem 8, two conditions must be met: the presence of water at the entrance to the heating subsystem 8 (the pump is turned on, which supplies water to the input of the subsystem 8) and there is a need for heated water.

The subsystem 7 for mixing drainage and water includes two lines, one of which connects to the tank 4 for clean drainage, and the other to the output of the heating subsystem 8 (first option, FIG. 1) or to the process water tank 6 (second and third option, FIG. 4 and 6). On the lines installed adjustable valves 64 and 65, respectively, drainage and water (figure 4). Both lines are connected to the output line on which the EC sensor is installed (the conductivity of the solution, which allows quantifying the presence of fertilizers in it). The output line should be connected to a pump, for example, a pump of a subsystem 1 of water filtration (figure 4). In another embodiment, a pump and a valve may be installed on each of the lines.

During the operation of the mixing subsystem 7, the inclusion of control valves 64 and 65 and the percentage of their opening is determined and regulated by the controller depending on the presence of water in the tanks or at the output of the subsystem connected to the lines of the subsystem 7.

The software features of the controller allow you to manage all subsystems in automatic mode. The launch of a device depends on the filling level of the tanks or on external control signals.

Subsystems are controlled automatically by the controller according to the readings of level 11-14 sensors installed on each tank. Figure 9 shows a tank (any of the tanks 3, 4, 6, 10), on which four sensors are installed at four levels: sensor 11 - upper level, sensor 12 - upper control level, sensor 13 - lower control level, sensor 14 - Lower level. Each tank has two fill status relays: the tank is not full relay and the tank is not empty relay. The management of the subsystems is based on the fact that the pumps are started according to two conditions, combined according to the logical “AND”, “OR”:

1. The presence of a subsystem of water (drainage).

2. There is a need for water (drainage) at the outlet of the subsystem.

When both conditions (“AND”) or one of the two (“OR”) are fulfilled, the main pump of the subsystem starts (in the water filtration subsystem 1, the pump 15, in the drainage filtration subsystem 9, the pump 23, in the acidification and circulation subsystem 5, the pump 50 or 54, in subsystem 2 of the disinfection of the drainage - pump 31). The start of the remaining mechanisms of each subsystem is the start state of the main pump of this subsystem.

Depending on the current state of each tank and the control levels set in the control parameters of the controller for this tank, the controller changes the state of each of the fill status relays. The algorithm for changing the state of the relay is shown in Fig.10. The relay "Tank N is not empty" is turned on when this tank is filled above the lower control level, and will be in this state until it falls to the lower level. The “Tank N incomplete” relay is on when this tank is filled below the upper control level, and will remain in this state until it is filled to the upper level.

Several controllers can be networked and connected to a personal computer and remote control the processes of disinfection, circulation, acidification, heating water and mixing drainage with water.

Claims (9)

1. A system for preparing water for drip irrigation, comprising a water filtration subsystem, a drainage disinfection subsystem with a dirty drainage tank at the inlet and a clean drainage tank at the outlet, an acidification and water circulation subsystem with a process water tank in the circulation circuit, which is configured to connections to a water source, a subsystem for mixing drainage and water, and a control controller, one input of a subsystem for mixing drainage and water is connected to a tank for clean drainage, and the other input to a drain pipe water, and the output is the output of the system, the input of the water filtration subsystem is connected to the tank for technical water, and each of these tanks is equipped with level sensors connected to the controller with the ability to control the operation of pumps and valves of the subsystems according to signals received from level sensors. 2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with a water heating subsystem, the input of which is connected to the output of the water filtration subsystem, and the output to the filtered water discharge pipe. 3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with a drainage filtering subsystem with a tank for dirty unfiltered drainage at the inlet, the outlet of which is connected to the specified tank for dirty drainage, which is a tank for dirty filtered drainage. 4. A system for preparing water for drip irrigation, comprising a water filtration subsystem, a drain disinfection subsystem with a dirty drainage inlet tank and a clean outlet drainage tank, an acidification and water circulation subsystem with a process water tank in the circulation circuit, a drainage mixing subsystem and water and a control controller, one input of the subsystem for mixing drainage and water is connected to the tank for clean drainage, the other input is connected to the tank of technical water, and the output is connected to the input of the subsystem of water filtration, and each of OF DATA tanks provided with level sensors connected to the controller with the ability to control operation of pumps and valves subsystems on signals received from the level sensors. 5. The system according to claim 4, characterized in that it is equipped with a water heating subsystem, the input of which is connected to the output of the water filtration subsystem, and the output is the output of the system. 6. The system according to claim 4, characterized in that it is equipped with a drainage filtration subsystem with a tank for dirty unfiltered drainage at the inlet, the outlet of which is connected to the specified tank for dirty drainage, which is a tank for dirty filtered drainage. 7. A system for preparing water for drip irrigation, comprising a water filtration subsystem whose inlet is for connecting to a water source, a drainage disinfection subsystem with a dirty drainage tank at the inlet and a clean drainage tank at the outlet, an acidification and water circulation subsystem with a technical tank water in the circulation circuit, the drainage-water mixing subsystem and the control controller, one input of the drainage-water mixing subsystem is connected to the tank for clean drainage, the other input is to the process water tank, and the output is is output by the system, and each of these tanks is equipped with level sensors connected to the controller with the ability to control the operation of pumps and valves of the subsystems according to signals received from level sensors. 8. The system according to claim 7, characterized in that it is equipped with a water heating subsystem, the input of which is connected to the output of the water filtration subsystem, and the output to the circulation circuit of the acidification and water circulation subsystem. 9. The system according to claim 7, characterized in that it is equipped with a drainage filtering subsystem with a tank for dirty unfiltered drainage at the inlet, the outlet of which is connected to the specified dirty drainage tank, which is a dirty filtered drainage tank.