RU106306U1 - CUTTER FOR MOUNTAIN AND ROAD MACHINES - Google Patents

Abstract

 1. The cutter for mining and road machines, including a holder, a head in the form of a body of revolution, a tip made of carbide material, characterized in that the head is made with a replaceable working part, in which the tip is installed, the replaceable working part of the head has an axial protrusion, and the head has a socket for placing an axial protrusion, while the length of the replaceable working part of the head is 0.4-0.8 head length. ! 2. The cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that holes are made perpendicular to its axis on the opposite end of the holder. ! 3. The cutter according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the holder and the head with a socket are made of a spent cutter, the worn part of which is removed.

Description

The utility model relates to the mining industry and can be used on the executive bodies of mining and road machinery during tunneling and mining operations, as well as during construction work on the repair of road surfaces.

Known device "rock cutting tool" (RF Patent No. 2183270, IPC Е21С 35/183; publ. 06/10/2002) The rock cutting tool contains a carbide insert that is connected to the housing through an adapter. The carbide insert is soldered into an adapter connected to the housing by interference so that the solder joint is in the field of compressive stresses.

The disadvantages of the known technical solution is that during operation of the cutter the abrasion of its upper part occurs, leading to failure of both the carbide insert and the adapter and head of the cutter, as a result of which the latter fails and the possibility of its further use is excluded.

Also known device "Cutter for mining machines" (RF Patent No. 2263212, IPC E21C 35/183; publ. 10/27/2005). The cutter contains a holder, including a shank and made in the form of a truncated cone head. A tungsten carbide insert having a top and a base is installed on its end surface. The head of the holder is provided with a cylindrical protrusion located coaxially on its end surface. The tungsten carbide insert is made with a cylindrical undercut, in which a cylindrical protrusion of the holder head is placed. The end surface of the head of the holder is aligned with the surface of the base of the carbide insert conical shape.

The conical part of the head of the holder is made with the possibility of its overlapping by the base of the carbide insert.

The disadvantages of this device include the following:

- when abrasion of the upper part of the head of the cutter, it becomes unsuitable for further operation and must be replaced;

- the shank groove is made at a fixed distance from the head in connection with which the cutter can only be used in a specific tool holder of one type of mine combines and is not suitable for combines of another type.

The closest device of the same purpose to the claimed device according to the totality of features - the prototype - is "Cutter for mining and road vehicles" (RF Patent No. 2079651, IPC E21C 35/18; E02F 9/28; publ. 05.20.1997). The cutter contains a holder, a working head with an axial protrusion, a tip made of carbide material and a device for fixing the distance between the tip and the working head when forming a soldered connection between them. The axial protrusion forms at the front end of the working head a thrust surface of an annular shape. The tip includes a body part having the shape of a body of revolution and a base with a supporting surface and with a socket for receiving an axial protrusion. The device for fixing the distance between the tip and the working head is made in the form located on the end of the axial protrusion of the working head of the support protrusion and located on the bottom of the socket of the tip of the recess for accommodating the support protrusion. The support protrusion and the walls of the recess are in the form of cones of rotation. The axis of the cones, which determine the shape of the supporting protrusion and the recess, respectively, are located on the longitudinal axis of the cutter.

The disadvantages of the known technical solutions adopted for the prototype include the following:

- The practice of coal mining shows that the cutters removed from the combine have working heads with wear by one third, half, and even more. This means that the axial protrusion of the working head will inevitably be damaged and the cutter will become unsuitable for reuse;

- the tip is attached to the working head by soldering, which makes it impossible to remove the worn out and install a new tip in underground mining or road works;

- the groove in the holder for the lock washer is made at a fixed distance from the head, in connection with which the cutter can only be used in a specific tool holder of one type of mine combines and is not suitable for combines of another type. For example, the cutter for the KP-21 roadheader cannot be mounted on the P-110 combine due to the difference in the groove location on the shanks. The lack of unification of the cutters makes it difficult for the miners to use and replace them (there are some in stock, but there are no others necessary; the cutters were delivered from a nearby combine, but they do not fit, etc.).

The technical result of the claimed utility model is to increase the service life of the cutters due to repeated reuse, expanding their scope and reducing the metal consumption of mining and road works.

The specified technical result is achieved due to the fact that in the cutter for mining and road machines, including a holder, a head in the form of a body of revolution, a tip made of carbide material, according to the claimed utility model, the head is made with a replaceable working part, in which the tip is installed, a replaceable working part of the head has an axial protrusion, and the head has a socket for accommodating the axial protrusion, while the length of the replaceable working part of the head is 0.4-0.8 of the length of the head.

The specified technical result is also achieved due to the fact that holes are made perpendicular to its axis on the opposite end of the holder.

The specified technical result is also achieved due to the fact that the holder and the head with a socket are made of spent cutter, the worn part of which is removed.

The utility model is illustrated by the drawing, which shows a General view of the inventive cutter for mining and road machines before attaching to it a replaceable working part of the head.

The cutter for mining and road machinery contains a holder 1 with a groove 2, a head 3 in the form of a body of revolution and a tip 4 of carbide material. The head 3 has a removable working part 5, on one end of which there is a tip 4 made of carbide material, and an axial protrusion 6 is made on the opposite end. In the head 3 there is a socket 7 for accommodating the axial protrusion 6. The axial protrusion 6 can be made round, triangular, square, hex, etc. sections. Corresponding to this protrusion has a shape and a socket 7 in the head. To fix the axial protrusion 6 in the socket 7, it is equipped with a thread (shown in the drawing), or a spring retaining ring of a known design, or a spring-loaded ball falling after installing the axial protrusion in the corresponding groove of the socket 7 (not shown in the drawing). There are other options for fixing the axial protrusion 6 in the socket 7. Due to the fact that the replaceable working part 5 of the head 3 has a quick-connect, it is possible to repair the cutter directly in the mine face without losing time to transport it to the stationary repair and vice versa.

The optimal length of the replaceable working part 5 of the head 3 is 0.4-0.8 of the length of the head 3. This is due to the fact that when the length of the replaceable working part 5 is less than the specified range, the connection zone of the parts is close to the beaten mountain massif and will quickly wear out and often become damaged . This will mean that the holder 1 and head 2 cannot be reused without repair. When the length of the replaceable working part 5 is more than 0.8 of the length of the head 3, the created socket 7 will dangerously approach the place where the head 3 passes into the holder 1 and weaken the strength of the metal in this zone. The result will be a high probability of the head tearing away from the holder during operation of the cutter. Due to the fact that the replaceable working part of the head is made 0.4-0.8 lengths from the entire length of the head, the connection zone is removed from the contact area of the cutter with the rock mass and is not subject to wear with proper control, in addition, the holder-head construction remains strong , which generally provides the possibility of multiple (5-10 times or more) reuse of the holder and head.

On the opposite head 3, the end of the holder 1 perpendicular to its axis, holes 8 are made, which serve to install the cotter pins at different distances from the head. This provides the possibility of fixing the cutter in tool holders of various lengths and expands the possibilities of its use on combines of various types, that is, it unifies the use of cutters and expands the scope of the cutter.

For the manufacture of the proposed utility model, worn cutters that are currently thrown by miners in the faces can be used. The spent cutter is annealed and reduced hardness of the metal. After that, the worn-out head of the cutter is cut off, leaving 0.2-0.6 of the initial length, a socket of the necessary shape under the axial protrusion is made in it, holes are made in the holder. The replaceable working part of the head is machined from a metal bar, equipped with a carbide insert, connected to the head and subjected to cutting by hardening. After that, the cutter is used on a mining machine.

The proposed cutter for mining and road machinery works as follows. The cutter is installed on the executive body (not shown) of a mining or road machine. In this case, the holder 1 is placed in the channel of the tool holder, having previously installed in the groove 2 a snap ring of a known design (not shown in the drawing). In the tool holders of another type, the holder is fixed by installing a cotter pin in the hole 8. By installing a cotter pin in the corresponding hole, the mounting is optimally adjusted to the length of the specific tool holder, excluding axial movements of the tool in the tool holder, which is fraught with damage to the tool when interacting with the array. Such fastening allows one tool to be used on various types of mine and road machines.

Next, the machine begins to chop coal, rock, asphalt, beating them off the array with a carbide tip 4 located in the replaceable working part 5 of head 3. In the conditions of the Kuzbass mines, the cutters on coal combines change mainly in the first (repair) shift. On roadheaders working in the breed, cutters can be changed once per shift or more often. The removed worn cutters are currently waste from coal production, as they are no longer used, but are thrown directly into the face. And this irretrievably lost part of the cutter makes up 60-80% of the entire product made of stainless steel with a high level of processing. The average annual consumption of cutters by a mine with a capacity of 3 million tons / year is 7000-10000 pieces. From this it can be seen that 5000-7000 kg of high-quality metal goes into coal mining waste from only one medium mine.

The proposed cutter, after wear and tear off the combine, is subjected to recovery. For this, the worn-out replaceable working part 5 of the head 3 is unscrewed or pulled out and replaced with a new one. To accelerate the change of the working part 5, grooves, turning, etc. can be performed on it. with appropriate keys to facilitate removal and installation of the part. After installing a new removable working part 5 on the head 3, the cutter is reused, placing it on the executive body of the machine. Calculations show that the transition of the mine to use reusable cutters reduces metal consumption by 2 times.

The inventive utility model allows to increase the life of the cutters due to repeated reuse, expand their scope and reduce the metal consumption of mining and road works.

Claims (3)

1. The cutter for mining and road machines, including a holder, a head in the form of a body of revolution, a tip made of carbide material, characterized in that the head is made with a replaceable working part, in which the tip is installed, the replaceable working part of the head has an axial protrusion, and the head has a socket for placing an axial protrusion, while the length of the replaceable working part of the head is 0.4-0.8 head length. 2. The cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that holes are made perpendicular to its axis on the opposite end of the holder. 3. The cutter according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the holder and the head with a socket are made of a spent cutter, the worn part of which is removed.