RU105937U1 - TECHNICAL DEVICE FOR SEALING THE WELL OF THE WELL, EMERGENCY-FILLING OIL OR GAS - Google Patents

Abstract

 Technical device for sealing the wellhead with emergency gushing oil or gas, consisting of a cylinder and a cone, the sealing of which is possible using cement, and their connection is carried out by the weight of the cone and union levers or clamps, characterized in that the cylinder body inside has niches - sockets with wedges with springs placed in them, squeezing them from the socket into the cylinder, and thereby wedging and securing the cylinder on the wellhead pipe (casing or drill), and a concave annular cuff with an end extension of 20-40 cm made of oil-resistant, elastic, durable material, rigidly fixed slightly higher than the wedges on the inner wall of the cylinder, designed to seal the annular space between the pipe and the cylinder, and the presence of cuffs and wedges eliminates the possible use of cement for insulation and fixing the cylinder at the wellhead, and the cone of the device has a central bore, at the inner end of which a check valve is installed, which provides sealing of the device -keeping, and at the outer end is threaded for connection to a drill string, wherein the cylinder and aligned along a cone provided with a snap lock device automatically providing the speed and reliability of their connection.

Description

The proposal relates to the oil and gas industries and relates to the elimination of accidents and complications caused by open oil and gas fountains during the drilling or operation of wells.

There are various technical devices and methods for sealing and killing gushing wells: a super syringe for killing wells with cement, bells, preventers and others (1, 2, 3), as well as crushing wells with heavier drilling or cement mortars through specially drilled directional wells. However, in an emergency, when the wellhead and equipment on it are damaged or destroyed, the use of these and other technical means is not always possible or does not give a result.

The closest analogue to the destination is a super syringe for killing wells with cement.

As can be seen from the diagram shown in the article, the super syringe consists of a closed container - a container suspended on a metal cable and filled with cement mortar and water to sell cement using an electric pump located on the container. Cement is pressed through the lower flow pipe connected to the container and the nozzle — a syringe at its end, inside the wellhead casing, with an oil fountain exiting from it. The annular space is thus blocked by an electromagnetic valve.

The disadvantages of the super syringe are, according to the author, the following elements:

the super syringe can be used to suppress a fountain of oil leaving only the casing string, and without mechanical obstacles inside the passage of the syringe (cracks, internal collapse of the pipe or the presence of drill pipes and other metal objects). Its use is also limited by the high pressure of the fountain, since the small weight of the container filled with a limited volume liquid may not be sufficient to resist the pressure of the fountain, especially considering its buoyancy in sea water on a flexible rope, and the pump capacity is not large and may not enough to sell cement.

A positive result of the use of a super syringe in the Gulf of Mexico was obtained only after five months of operation of the fountain, when reservoir pressure and well production decreased significantly (the flow rate of the fountain fell from 800-1000 tons / day to 200 tons / day - media data). The use of a super syringe when flowing a well through an annular annular space or cracks in the rock extending to the wellhead is not possible. With a limited volume of the container, filling a well with a drilling fluid using a super syringe is also not possible.

The proposed technical device eliminates the above disadvantages and is more versatile. It consists of a cylinder, the diameter of which exceeds the diameter of the wellhead, and a cone, the sealing of which is possible using cement, and their connection is carried out due to the weight of the cone and ring levers or clamps, and differs in that the cylinder body (A) inside has niches - nests with clamping wedges (D) placed in them with springs, squeezing wedges from the nests that jam the cylinder on the wellhead (casing, drill) pipe (C), making it motionless and resistant to oil pressure, and above the wedges inside the cylinder, well JCOMM fixed resilient, concave shaped annular collar (E) are designed to isolate the annular space between the cylinder (A) and uphole pipe (C).

And the combined cylinder and cone have an automatically latched locking device (ZP), providing a quick and reliable connection, and the cone is made with a through hole in the center, at the inner end of which there is a check valve (K), which provides sealing of the device, and at the outer end there is locking thread (P) for connecting the cone to the drill string designed to hold the cone and install it in the cylinder, crushing the well with drilling fluid and isolating it with cement, especially in conditions deep sea. The annular cuff (E) is made of a oil-resistant elastic material such as automotive rubber, having a concave shape with an elongated end length of 20-40 cm and an inner diameter equal to or 5-10 mm smaller than the outer diameter of the pipe in the well, providing a tight and reliable compression of the pipe (C) the cuff (E), and therefore the complete sealing of the annular space between the pipe (C) and the cylinder (A).

The location of the cuff above the wedges no more than 10-20 cm provides it with support on the wedges and, thereby, eliminates its rupture or squeezing down and the breakthrough of oil and gas. Spring-loaded wedges jam the cylinder on the column and prevent it from coming off and rising up due to the pressure of oil and gas created inside.

When lowering the cylinder at the wellhead and moving down the wellhead casing or drill pipe, it (the pipe) passes through the hole in the cuff and the window formed by the combined wedges in the cylinder (Fig. 2) The shape and size of the niche and wedge are the same.

Clamping wedges have interchangeable dies with notches facing upward. The size of the dies should correspond to the diameter of the pipe at the wellhead. The wedge has a two-sided bevel, one side of which serves as the pipe entry direction when the cylinder moves down, and the other contributes to the sliding and exit of the wedge from the niche due to the spring. One end of the spring is rigidly fixed in a niche, and the other freely rests against the wedge socket. The cuff and wedge shapes, their working position on the column are shown in Figs. 1 and 2.

The technology of using the device with new structural elements includes a strict sequence of the following operations (see. Fig.). On the open wellhead part of the column (C), or maybe on the wellhead surface of large diameter, and the small-sized equipment remaining on it, install a metal heavyweight cylinder (A) of a certain weight with a bottom ring base (B), a conical hole - a landing nest at the top and with bends and valves No. 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 on the cylinder body.

In this case, oil and gas from the well freely pass through the internal cavity of the cylinder and bends with valves No. 1, 2 and 3 to the surface. When the cylinder moves down, the upper part of the pipe (C) emerging from the well passes through the hole in the annular cuff (E) and the window formed by the combined wedges (D). In this case, the wedges are fixed on the wellhead pipe, jam the annular space and thereby limit the upward movement of the cylinder due to oil and gas pressure, and the cuff completely seals the annular space and prevents the exit of oil from the sub-cylinder and its turbulent effect on the cement located below, if any .

If necessary, if the isolation of the cylinder with the cuff was not complete, and its mounting on the wellhead pipe with wedges is insufficient, then the bore hole in the lower part of the cylinder is insulated, and its bottom base is fixed with cement, the solution of which is pumped through outlets and open valves No. 4 and 5.

The base is additionally fixed with anchors in the ground. Then, on the drill string, a heavy metal cone (B) of a certain weight is lowered and installed in the conical seat of the cylinder (A), sealing the cylinder from above. At the same time, the cylinder and the cone from the outside are automatically locked by a self-locking device or mechanical flap levers-clamps.

Moreover, oil and gas from the cylinder closed at the top and bottom go into the intake pipe through open valves No. 1, 2 and 3, which can be controlled.

In this case, operations to crush the drilling fluid and cement into the well can be carried out both in the absence and in the presence of a drill string in the device.

First, through the drill string, the circulation of the drilling fluid is restored with its output out through the open valves in the cylinder, then, with all the valves closed, the increased density drilling fluid is crushed into the well, forcing the oil back into the reservoir (reservoir). Then they dismantle the device, restore circulation and continue drilling the well.

If necessary, temporary preservation or complete sealing of the well through the internal cavity of the cylinder, the well is filled with cement.

As you can see, the technical device, supplemented by new structural elements, allows you to install and fix it on the wellhead without the use of cement, if the total weight of the device slightly exceeds or corresponds to the pressure of the fountain. The new technical device is new and can be effectively used to damp open fountains of oil and gas of various capacities when drilling and operating wells on land and at sea, when leaving a fluid well both from the casing or drill string and due to annular space through poor-quality cement or through the formation of cracks in the rock at the wellhead. It allows you to crush the well with drilling fluid or seal, drown it with cement.

Installation of the device, its cylinder, requires the use of lifting mechanisms - cranes and robots, and the installation of a cone on it can also be carried out using a drill string, which is especially important for damping the fountain from an offshore platform in deep-water wells.

Information sources:

1. The article "The Tula right-hander invented a super syringe for salvation

Gulf of Mexico ”, 05/21/2010, http // oko-planet.su / science / sciencenews / 38621-tulskij-pravsha-pridumal-supershpric-dlya.html.

2. FIPS.ru, class E21b3500

3. Repair of gas wells

Author (s): Basarygin Yu.M., Makarenko P.P.

year of publication: 1998

p.213 Fishing bells

Application:

1. Formula of utility model - 1 sheet

2. Reference - 2 sheet.

3. Fig. - 2 sheet. (available in the application materials)

Claims (1)

Technical device for sealing the wellhead with emergency gushing oil or gas, consisting of a cylinder and a cone, the sealing of which is possible using cement, and their connection is carried out by the weight of the cone and union levers or clamps, characterized in that the cylinder body inside has niches - sockets with wedges with springs placed in them, squeezing them from the nest inside the cylinder, and thereby jamming and securing the cylinder on the wellhead (casing or drill), and a concave annular cuff with an end extension of 20-40 cm made of oil-resistant, elastic, durable material, rigidly fixed slightly higher than the wedges on the inner wall of the cylinder, designed to seal the annular space between the pipe and the cylinder, and the presence of cuffs and wedges eliminates the possible use of cement for insulation and mounting the cylinder at the wellhead, and the cone of the device has a central bore hole, at the inner end of which a check valve is installed that provides sealing of the device -keeping, and at the outer end is threaded for connection to a drill string, wherein the cylinder and aligned along a cone provided with a snap lock device automatically providing the speed and reliability of their connection.