RU104487U1 - ROLL SEPARATOR ON PERMANENT MAGNETS FOR THE ENRICHMENT OF WEAK MAGNETIC MATERIALS - Google Patents

Abstract

 Permanent magnet roller separator for dry and wet enrichment of weakly magnetic materials, including loading and unloading devices, a housing, rotary gates, a concentrate puller and a magnetic roller rotatable around a horizontal axis, on the surface of which permanent magnets of alternating polarity are fixed from an alloy of neodymium with iron and boron, characterized in that the magnetic roll is made in the form of a hollow cylinder, and the magnets are made in the form of rings with ring disks glued onto them soft magnetic steel, and in the case of wet enrichment, the device is equipped with a water supply device, an overflow device and interchangeable nozzles on the discharge pipes of the discharge device.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of separation of weakly magnetic materials by magnetic properties and can be used in mining, metallurgy, glass, abrasive and other industries. The separator is designed for dry and wet magnetic enrichment of materials.

Known roll separator (AS USSR No. 589022, publ. 25.01.78, B03C 1/10) for mineral processing, including a magnetic system, parallel mounted rolls with annular protrusions and arteries, a power device and receivers of separation products. This device allows you to separate fine materials.

The disadvantages of this separator are:

- the presence of an electromagnetic system, which leads to a large consumption of electricity for excitation of a magnetic field;

- the occurrence of eddy currents in the rolls, inhibiting the rotation of the latter, which also leads to a large consumption of electricity consumed by the drive rolls;

- the small length of the working area between the rollers and, therefore, low separation efficiency.

Known roller magnetic separator (AS USSR No. 184189, publ. 07.21.66) for the enrichment of weakly magnetic ores, consisting of several pairs of rotating rollers made of alternating working disks and permanent magnets. Permanent magnets have alternating polarity along the axes of the rollers.

The disadvantages of this device include the small length of the working area between the rollers and, therefore, low separation efficiency. In addition, eddy currents occur in the steel parts of the rolls between the magnets, which requires increased electric drive power.

Known magnetic separator (AS USSR No. 882623, publ. 23.11.81, B03C 1/12) for the enrichment of finely divided weakly magnetic ores, including a rotating cylindrical magnetic system of permanent magnets with iron inserts, devices for removing the magnetic product and receivers of separation products . The magnetic system of the separator is made in the form of concentric rings with a vertical axis of rotation, while the separator is equipped with magnetic circuits installed along the side surfaces of the rings in an alternating sequence with devices for removing the magnetic product.

A significant drawback is that the stationary shunt magnetic circuits do not provide a decrease in the magnetic field to the value necessary to flush out the weakly magnetic particles, which leads to overgrowth of both weakly magnetic and strongly magnetic particles of the working area.

Known magnetic separator (A.S. SU No. 1128983, publ. 15.12.84, B03C 1/10) for wet magnetic enrichment, including a roll of soft magnetic material with protrusions and ledges on the surface, an electromagnetic system with poles, a feeder, separation product receivers .

The disadvantage of this device is the high energy consumption for the excitation of the electromagnetic system and the rotation of the rolls, which induce eddy currents that inhibit rotation.

Known magnetic drum separator (Patent RU No. 68363, publ. 11/27/2007, B03C 1/00) for the enrichment of dry loose weakly magnetic ores or other weakly magnetic products. The separator consists of a casing in which magnetic drums are installed in the direction of ore movement, the magnetic system of which is stationary and placed inside a thin-walled non-magnetic cylinder mounted for rotation. Magnetic drum systems are made of high energy permanent magnets.

The disadvantage of this device is that the most effective part of the magnetic field is “eaten up” by the gap between the magnetic system and the shell of the drum, as well as the thickness of the shell of the drum, which reduces the separation efficiency.

A device is known (Patent RU No. 2209684, publ. 10.10.2002, B03C 1/10) for the continuous magnetic separation of weakly magnetic materials both dry and wet, consisting of a magnetic system with pole tips installed between the tips of ferromagnetic bodies, feed devices material, walls and partitions to specify the inclination of the trajectory and devices for the removal of non-magnetic and magnetic products. When wet enrichment, the device is equipped with a device for supplying water.

The disadvantages of this separator are:

- design complexity;

- overgrowing of ferromagnetic bodies by weakly magnetic separation products, which requires periodic shutdown of the magnetic field (field windings) to clean the working area;

- the presence of an electromagnetic system capable of shutting down to remove the magnetic field when cleaning the working area (excitation of the electromagnetic system requires a large consumption of electricity).

As a prototype of the inventive device, a polygradient magnetic separator (A.S. SU 1747172, publ. 15.07.92, B03C 1/10) for wet magnetic separation of weakly magnetic ores was selected. The separator includes a rotatable working element on the shaft, the surface of which is formed by permanent magnets of alternating polarity, a polygradient medium and a concentrate remover. In addition, the device is equipped with additional magnets, a cylindrical magnetic circuit and radially arranged ferromagnetic plates, one end of which is mounted on the magnetic circuit, and the other is made with pole pieces protruding above the surface of the working body. Moreover, additional magnets are located above the main ones and are connected in groups, each of which is enclosed between ferromagnetic plates. Moreover, the main magnets and additional magnets face the ferromagnetic plates with poles having the same polarity.

The disadvantages of the prototype, in addition to the complexity of the design, include the fact that weakly magnetic particles with a particle size of more than 3-5 mm may not be held by a polygradient medium. This leads to low separation efficiency, which is confirmed by the indicators given in the table. Another disadvantage is that the polygradient medium overgrows with strongly magnetic particles over time, after which the separation ceases.

The objective of this utility model is to create a universal magnetic separator that allows the separation of weakly magnetic materials with a particle size of 0-8 mm when working in both dry and wet modes with greater efficiency and minimal power consumption.

To solve this problem, the following design of the separator is proposed (Fig.). The main working element of the separator is a magnetic roll (4). The roll is a hollow cylinder, on the surface of which Nd-Fe-B ring magnets of alternating polarity are fixed with ring discs made of soft magnetic steel glued to them. The roller is mounted on a cylindrical shaft end that rotates in bearings mounted in the housing. A V-belt pulley is mounted on the other end of the shaft.

Removing the magnetic product from the surface of the roll is carried out using a concentrate remover made in the form of a rotating brush (3). The brush consists of rubber blades fixed to the base. The brush is mounted on the shaft similarly to a roll.

The roller and brush are placed inside the bath body (6), in which the separation process and the collection of separation products take place.

The bath is a box-shaped structure, inside of which a partition (7) is installed in its lower part, dividing the bath into two compartments with outlet pipes (8). A rotary slide gate is installed above the partition, which allows you to adjust the width of the reception zone of each of the compartments. The rotation of the gate is carried out using the handle (5) located on the front surface of the bath. The angle of rotation of the gate is determined on a scale. After installing the gate in a predetermined position, it is fixed with a fixing nut.

The drive mechanism consists of a gear motor (9). The rotation from the gearbox to the roll and brush is transmitted by the V-belt.

The supply of the source material to the separator is carried out using an electrovibration feeder (1) through estrus (2).

The performance of the feeder is determined by the amplitude of the tray

In the case of wet enrichment, the device is equipped with a water supply device (10), an overflow device (11) to provide the required pulp level in the separator bath, and replaceable nozzles on the outlet pipes (8), which provide the required water regime at different capacities.

The separator works as follows.

In case of dry enrichment: the dry material to be separated, previously cleaned of strong magnetic impurities, is fed into the hopper of the electric vibrator. From the feeder tray, material flows through a vertical chute to the surface of a rotating magnetic roll. Non-magnetic particles are separated from the surface of the roll under the action of centrifugal and gravitational forces and are discharged into the non-magnetic product compartment to a dividing gate. Magnetic particles are held on the surface of the roll and carried to the unloading zone of the magnetic product. The removal of magnetic particles from the surface of the roll is done mechanically with a brush.

When wet enrichment: the dry material to be separated, previously cleaned of strongly magnetic impurities, is fed into the hopper of the electric vibrator. From the feeder tray, material flows through a vertical chute to the surface of a liquid medium (pulp), the level of which is controlled by an overflow device and interchangeable nozzles on the discharge nozzles. The liquid medium (pulp) is created by technological and flushing water supplied through the nozzles of the device (10) and supplied to the enrichment material. Further, the particles of material enter the surface of a rotating magnetic roll and, under the influence of gravitational forces, are unloaded into the compartment of a non-magnetic product to a dividing gate. Magnetic particles are held on the surface of the roll and carried to the unloading zone of the magnetic product. Magnetic particles are removed from the roll surface with a brush.

Depending on the degree of magnetic susceptibility of the material, the size of its particles and enrichment conditions, the most effective mode of operation of the separator is selected:

- performance;

- roll rotation speed;

- the position of the gate of the bath.

A significant advantage of the inventive separator compared with the prototype is the minimum energy consumption, because windings of direct current excitation are not required to create a magnetic field; and installation of a high-power electric motor is not required to rotate the roll, which overcomes the inhibitory effect of eddy currents in the roll.

Examples of material separation at different roll speeds are shown in table 1 (wet separation) and table 2 (dry separation).

Table 1 On the model of the device, ore with a particle size of 0-8 mm, consisting of siderite and quartz, was separated. The process is wet. Productivity 300 kg / h. The speed of rotation of the rolls, rpm Product Name Exit, % Fe content,% Fe recovery,% magnetic 70.6 29.1 99.27 fifty non-magnetic 29.4 3,59 0.73 source 100.0 21.6 100.0 magnetic 60.6 32.1 89.6 70 non-magnetic 39,4 5.73 10,4 source 100.0 21.7 100.0

table 2 On the model of the device, ore with a particle size of 0-8 mm, consisting of siderite and quartz, was separated. The process is dry. Productivity 300 kg / h. The speed of rotation of the rolls, rpm Product Name Exit, % Fe content,% Fe recovery,% magnetic 62.0 33,4 95.4 70 non-magnetic 38.0 2.6 4.6 source 100.0 21.7 100.0 magnetic 52.3 37,2 89.7 one hundred non-magnetic 47.7 4.7 10.3 source 100.0 21.7 100.0

Tests of the proposed separator showed that the separation of weakly magnetic material with a particle size of 0-8 mm is achieved both by dry and wet methods, with a significantly simpler design compared to the prototype with greater efficiency and lower power consumption.

Claims (1)

Permanent magnet roller separator for dry and wet enrichment of weakly magnetic materials, including loading and unloading devices, a housing, rotary gates, a concentrate puller and a magnetic roller rotatable around a horizontal axis, on the surface of which permanent magnets of alternating polarity are fixed from an alloy of neodymium with iron and boron, characterized in that the magnetic roll is made in the form of a hollow cylinder, and the magnets are made in the form of rings with ring disks glued onto them soft magnetic steel, and in the case of wet enrichment, the device is equipped with a water supply device, an overflow device and interchangeable nozzles on the discharge pipes of the discharge device.