RU101136U1 - RESPIRATORY VALVE - Google Patents

Abstract

 1. Breathing valve, including a flame arrester installed in the upper part of the valve under the cover, pressure and vacuum valves located in the valve body, characterized in that the valve body is enclosed in a protective casing, a pressure valve is installed in the lower part of the valve body, and the valve cover is provided with at least one swivel bracket. ! 2. The breathing valve according to claim 1, characterized in that the pressure shutter is a plate horizontally placed on the saddle, made with the possibility of reciprocating movement relative to the valve seat.

Description

The utility model relates to the equipment of tanks used for storage, transit, reception and distribution of oil, oil products and chemical liquids. The valve is designed to regulate the pressure in the gas-air space of tanks with oil products and other chemical fluids within specified limits. At the oil and oil products storage facilities in steel tanks, breathing valves of various designs are used to ensure technological operations (discharge / loading, transit, storage), as well as fire protection (lightning, spark, open fire). The operating experience of such valves shows that they generally provide technical requirements, but there are also drawbacks to new safety, monitoring requirements.

A known breathing valve, including a flame arrester installed in the lower part of its body, a heating system located on the fire arrester, and a thermal insulation system around the lower part of the valve with a fire arrester and a tank nozzle [RF patent for PM No. 33631].

The disadvantage of this valve is the difficult access to the cassette of the flame arrester for visual inspection and its maintenance. In addition, one of the main drawbacks of the valve is that the fire arrester is located in the lower part of the housing and in the case of a “landing" of the flame, it ignites, melts the metal, closes the gas channels and causes an explosion, i.e. the valve is not reliable and safe in operation, and when the pressure inside the tank rises through the pressure valve, the gas mixture is released directly into the atmosphere, thereby causing environmental damage to the environment.

Known breathing valve containing a gas duct in which the holes are made - one for communication with the gas space of the tank, and the rest for communication with the atmosphere through the valves, and the housing of the ventilation outlet, in which the outlet is made. The valve contains a flame arrester mounted under a protective canopy of the ventilation outlet, while the gas duct housing is located inside the ventilation outlet housing [RF patent for IZ No. 2219407].

The known device is technologically difficult to manufacture and inconvenient to operate.

The closest in technical essence to the claimed technical solution is a breathing valve for the tank, which includes a flame arrester, a pressure shutter installed in the upper part of the housing, and vacuum shutters located on the side surface of the housing, while the valve contains air ducts and a gas duct with round chokes built into them cross-sections, the gas duct is located above the pressure valve, and a flame arrester is installed above it, while the air ducts are attached to the casing below the vacuum gates and connected from above with a flue [RF patent for IZ No. 2321921].

The known valve design, and, in particular, the design of the ducts does not provide the necessary conditions for aerodynamic drag. The breathing valve is installed on the roof of the tank and should have a minimum aerodynamic resistance to increase the period of its trouble-free operation.

The task to which the claimed technical solution is directed is to create a breathing valve, the design of which ensures the possibility of its safe service at the place of operation.

The technical result achieved by using the claimed utility model is to provide ergonomic placement of the constituent elements of the respiratory valve.

The problem is solved in that in the breathing valve, including a flame arrester installed in the upper part of the valve under the cover, pressure and vacuum valves located in the valve body, according to the technical solution, the valve body is enclosed in a protective casing, the pressure valve is installed in the lower part of the valve body and the valve cover is provided with at least one swivel bracket. In addition, the pressure shutter is a plate horizontally placed on the seat, made with the possibility of reciprocating movement relative to the valve seat.

The utility model is illustrated by the following drawings:

figure 1 schematically shows the axial section of the respiratory clan.

Figure 2 schematically shows a three-dimensional image of the cover and the casing of the valve.

The positions in the drawings indicate:

1. flame arrester;

2. valve body;

3. protective cover;

4. cap;

5. pressure shutter;

6. vacuum shutter;

7. pressure plate;

8. pressure shutter seat;

9. guide;

10. stock;

11. vacuum plate;

12. main cargo;

13. additional freight;

14. limiter lifting the pressure plate;

15. shock-absorbing ring;

16. swivel bracket;

17. pen;

18. eye;

19. hairpin;

20. fixing bolt;

The breathing valve is a protective and safety structure installed in the nozzles on the roof of the tank with flammable products. The valve comprises a housing 2, located in a protective casing 4 under the cover 3. The main working elements of the valve are pressure gates 5 and vacuum 6. In the claimed technical solution, the vacuum gates are placed vertically oriented with a slight slope on the side walls of the valve body 2. The gates can be made, for example, according to the description of the invention according to patent No. 2124667. Each vacuum shutter 6 is a saddle covered with a film of non-freezing material, for example, fluoroplastic, and a plate of vacuum 11 interacting with it, which is also covered with a film of non-freezing material. The vacuum plate 11 is fixed movably at the top of the saddle. The fastening can be performed, for example, in the form of a fluoroplastic strap that connects the plate and the saddle. Each plate is equipped with basic and, if necessary, additional training weights. An emphasis is fixed on the inside of the casing in the place where the pressure plate is attached, which limits the rise of the pressure plate 14. The number of vacuum gates is determined by the required throughput of the valve and the number of sides of the body on which the saddle gates can be placed. Typically, the number of vacuum gates is 2 to 4 pieces. In addition to the vacuum shutter, the valve contains a pressure shutter 5, which is located in the lower part of the valve body directly above the nozzle connecting the gas-air space of the tank and the internal cavity of the valve. A saddle 8 is horizontally placed in the lower part of the casing, which is designed to fit a pressure plate 7. A pressure plate is a metal sheet covered with a fluoroplastic film, equipped with a flat weight placed in the central part of the plate to ensure its centering when landing on the saddle, and to create the necessary weight load. An opening is also provided in the lower bottom of the body for condensate drainage. The upper part of the body is made combined. In its central part, a flame arrester 1 is installed, made for example, in accordance with the description of the invention according to patent No. 2142303. The flame arrester is bolted to the valve cover. The cover is provided with a pivoting bracket 16 and handles 17. In addition, a reinforcing metal sheet is located under the cover. The valve body is placed in a protective casing 3, on the inside of which there is a shock absorbing rubber ring 15, designed to mitigate the impact of the vacuum plate during operation of the valve casing.

The inventive valve operates as follows.

In the initial state, the tank is hermetically closed. When oil is pumped in, its overpressure is created in its gas-air cavity. When the pressure reaches above the calculated one, the pressure plate is strained from the saddle and lifted, releasing an excess of gas-air mixture. The gas-air mixture from under the pressure plate passes through the internal cavity of the valve body and through the channels of the flame arrester into the external space under the valve cover and, then, into the atmosphere. When the pressure plate is operating, its lift height is limited by stops fixed on the inside of the valve body in the area where the vacuum plates are attached. After reducing the pressure, the plate lowers onto the saddle in its original position. With daily temperature fluctuations, slight fluctuations in the pressure plate are possible, creating the effect of "popping" the plate.

In the process of pumping (pumping, draining) of the oil product from the reservoir, the pressure in it decreases, a vacuum is created. Under the action of the pressure drop acting on the vacuum plate, a force arises aimed at opening the vacuum shutter. In this case, air is sucked in from the atmosphere through the space under the cover of the fire arrester, the channels of the fire arrester, the internal cavity of the valve body and, further, under the plate of the vacuum shutter. The plate opens slightly, letting air into the space between the valve body and the protective cover and, then, through the nozzle, into the gas-air space of the tank. When opening the vacuum plate, a situation is possible when the plate rises at an angle sufficient to touch the vacuum plate with the wall of the protective casing. In order to prevent the possibility of damage to the plate, at the level of possible contact of the vacuum plate and the wall of the protective casing, a shock-absorbing ring is laid to soften the impact. When the calculated pressure is reached, the vacuum plate returns to its original state, closing the vacuum shutter. When operating the tank and, in particular, the breathing valve equipped with a fire arrester, it is necessary to check the arrester and, if necessary, repair and installation work, at least once a month. The inventive device allows to carry out such work at the place of operation of the valve without dismantling it and transporting it to the place of inspection, which significantly reduces time and labor costs. The valve cover is tilted on the swivel arms, holding the handle. Then carry out technological work or dismantle the flame arrester and close the valve cover.

An example of a specific implementation.

A valve of the claimed design is manufactured, providing a throughput of 1500 m3 / h. The valve is equipped with a connecting pipe with a diameter of 500 mm. Contains 4 vacuum shutters located on the sides of the valve body and one pressure shutter located at the bottom of the valve. A flame arrester with a diameter of 500 mm is located in the upper part of the housing. All pressure and vacuum plates are made of St 3 metal sheet and are covered with a fluoroplastic film. Body parts, protective cover and valve cover are made of aluminum.

Claims (2)

1. Breathing valve, including a flame arrester installed in the upper part of the valve under the cover, pressure and vacuum valves located in the valve body, characterized in that the valve body is enclosed in a protective casing, a pressure valve is installed in the lower part of the valve body, and the valve cover is provided with at least one swivel bracket. 2. The breathing valve according to claim 1, characterized in that the pressure shutter is a plate horizontally placed on the saddle, made with the possibility of reciprocating movement relative to the valve seat.