RO138404A0 - Fire protection system for electric energy systems (ees) - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a fire protection system for electric energy systems (EES). According to the invention, the system comprises a fire protection system with at least two substances (MSFSS), with or without a controlled prevention apparatus (PAC), an actuator and injector system (121), a smoke circuit system (139), a draining system (145), a detection system (146), a data acquisition and control system (CS), wherein the fire protection system with at least two substances (MSFSS) comprises at least one controlled fire protection apparatus (EAC) with at least two components: an inert propelling gas (102) and a fire protection substance (13), preferably in liquid form.

Description

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Fire protection system for electrical energy systems (EES)

Electric Energy Systems Protection (Electric Energy Systems - EES) is a very important field for ensuring in optimal conditions the storage and distribution of electricity from green energy systems to energy-consuming ones, the subsequent distribution to homes, businesses and factories through asynchronization production with consumption as well as balancing at the level of the electrical network. In this context, fire protection systems play a fundamental role in preventing and/or extinguishing fires, thus minimizing the risks of loss and/or destruction of batteries and/or racks and/or battery containers and/or storage systems. charging of electric vehicles, as well as other energy storage systems or small enclosures that require overheating / fire protection and where the device of the present invention can be mounted.

Also, the system of the present invention can be adapted to battery systems and battery modules in electric vehicles (EV), thus increasing the safety of traffic on public roads and avoiding the loss of human lives due to fires occurring in them.

At the same time, due to the significantly reduced dimensions and ease of installation, the anti-fire system of the present invention can be used to ensure the safety of data centers, servers, hardware or other devices that require protection against overheating and/or fire.

The present invention is a continuation of the inventions and invention patents applied to OSIM with number A/00352A/2022 of 20/06/2022, respectively WIPO and PCT with number WO2023/136737 A2 entitled "Battery cell with electrode, thermally conductive collector and electric, with internal and external heat exchanger" and number A/00209/2023 of 27.04.2023, respectively WIPO and PCT number WO2023/113632 A2 entitled "Battery module and energy storage rack".

Currently, the fire fighting systems intended for extinguishing fires in rooms and/or containers where materials, electrical materials and equipment, substances or containers that present a fire hazard are located, act with foam, powders or inert gases located in large tanks under pressure, which are sprayed at the level of rooms and rooms, rooms in constructions by multiple jiggers /

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ΙΛ6 nozzles. If there are not more options, the fire protection system can act as a centralized fire protection system.

Fire protection systems in the electrical field used in areas and/or rooms and/or containers where there are battery modules, electrical equipment, servers, electronic and/or Information Technology equipment, are deficient in their concept because they act centrally at the macro level with dielectric anti-fire substances including powder, clean extinguishing agent of various types and inert gases or a combination thereof. Among the triggering systems of anti-fire systems, we mention smoke detectors, which work on the principle of aspiration, periodically analyzing samples from the air in the room, or they can be triggered manually. Tanks or cylinders are charged and kept under pressure being used only once / a single injection from trigger to empty. The inert gas is loaded into the tank together with Novec (for example) resulting in a mixture, and the pressures are on average higher than 50 bars, and the tanks are very large because they are calculated for a fire spread to the level of the entire room or built premises, or more many rooms / containers. The power supply for these anti-fire systems is 220 V or, in the event of a power cut, through UPSs, which also supply 220 V, but have a limited operating time.

Fire protection systems designed for Energy Storage Systems (Electric Energy System - ESS) at container level or premises where there are batteries, electrical, electronic or IT equipment, are equipped with large inert gas tanks of CO2, N2, Argon or mixture with clean extinguishing agent, and the principle of operation is based on reducing the level of oxygen, but after the fire starts and spreads. Their mode of operation is by spraying the entire load at the time of fire detection at room level. The spraying takes place by means of sprinklers located at the ceiling level, without having systems specially designed for the evacuation of gases resulting from the operation of the fire protection system, as well as the smoke resulting from the fire. Some fire protection systems are equipped with plastic pipes filled with Novec placed near the risk areas, and which, when a fire breaks out, melt from the high temperature, and release the clean extinguishing agent into the premises / container, in other words it is a tank which breaks due to the generalized fire.

Other types of Energy Storage Systems, which are placed in containers, in case of fire are also provided with water flooding pipes by the firemen,

RO 138404 AO which completely floods the inside of the container and thus all the cells / batteries are flooded with water, thus becoming unusable.

Battery systems and battery modules in electric vehicles (EVs) are not provided with a fire protection system. Newer models only have exhaust pipes for gases and combustible substances. in the event of a malfunction or an accident involving an electric vehicle, the risk of fire is caused by damage to the batteries. To extinguish it, there is no other effective solution than immersing the vehicle in a pool of water, with the risks and costs involved in such an intervention on public roads.

The use of the fire protection system of the present invention leads to solving the technical problems as follows:

- The intervention process is preventive and anti-fire action which is done in stages according to the values provided by the temperature, pressure and gas sensors;

- The fire extinguishing process is controlled in real time and is instantaneous;

- The action takes place directly at the source, directly at the battery cell in the module and the system has significantly reduced dimensions, resulting in reduced production costs;

- There are no residues in the affected area and it is only necessary to replace the defective module, with the possibility of reusing the battery cells that are not affected;

- The resulting gases are neutralized and no longer pose a danger to people or the environment;

- The cost of putting it back into operation is given by replacing the affected module, recharging the inert gas tanks and clean extinguishing agent, the cost being significantly reduced compared to the currently known methods.

The solution to the technical problems is presented in the independent claims 1, 10, 11 creating preferences of the invention of the solution and execution in the dependent claims 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and make the subject matter on which they depend.

It will be appreciated that one or more of the elements depicted in the drawings / figures may also be implemented in a more separate or integrated manner or even eliminated, in certain cases, as useful in accordance with a particular application, device, apparatus, reaction and/or process.

Also, the elevations, dimensions, distances, scale, sizes and proportions in the figures, but not limited thereto, are only for the understanding and explanation of the present invention, for presenting the solutions to the problems.

At the same time, the terms used in the singular can be applied in the plural and vice versa, to objects, assemblies, subassemblies, processes, substances, in any description, figures and claims of the present invention.

LEGEND

For a better understanding of the terms used in the present invention, a simple explanation of the terms used in its elaboration is provided in the "Legend", as follows:

• Anti-fire protection system - has a protective role, aiming to detect, prevent and promptly neutralize the occurrence of fire factors in the protected spaces, as well as to alert the competent personnel;

• Propellant inert gas - inert gas under pressure of up to 300 bars, or at the maximum authorized pressure, which once released, due to the pressure, sets in motion the elements of the fire protection system;

• Inert gas tank - is a device with the role of storing propellant inert gas under pressure;

• Anti-fire substance in liquid state - the substance with anti-fire role in liquid state that acts on the fire, which can be, but not limited to: Novec 1230, Novec 649, FK-5-1-12 and or C6F12O or any form of the substance known fire protection;

• Anti-fire substance tank - device with the role of storing the extinguishing agent in a liquid state under pressure;

• Pressure regulator - is a valve that controls the pressure of a fluid or gas to a desired value, using negative feedback from the controlled pressure;

• The balanced gas cushion of the anti-fire substance - the gas cushion formed between two tanks, connected to each other, having the same pressure to ensure the operation of the principle of communicating vessels;

• Battery module - several cells put together, held together by means of a metal frame, having electrical connections, to form an energy storage system;

• Battery module cover - cover located above the battery cells arranged in the battery module;

RO 138404 AO rit- • Discharge valve - the discharge valve of a battery cell assembly of parts or fittings that serves to establish, interrupt or regulate the circulation of a fluid or gas;

• Battery cell discharge wave - the shock produced by the triggering of the battery cell's safety system through the discharge valve and the release of flammable substances due to the increase in pressure above the safety threshold established by the manufacturer;

• Solenoid valve - device operated electrically by means of a coil that allows the control of the passage of a gas / liquid in a circuit;

• Unidirectional valve - the valve that allows a fluid or gas to pass in one direction;

• Switching mechanism - the valve that allows the passage of a fluid or gas both on the input and on the output direction, which can be manual or based on the pressure difference principle;

• Mixing device with its own tank - device with the role of mixing propellant inert gas with the fire-fighting substance in liquid state by atomization, aerosols and other known methods;

• Controlled prevention device (PAC) - circuit through which the injection of propellant inert gas is carried out at a certain pressure;

• Controlled anti-fire device (EAC) - circuit through which the injection of a mixture of inert gas with the anti-fire substance in liquid state is carried out;

• Temperature sensor - sensor with the role of measuring the temperature in areas with a fire hazard;

• Pressure sensor - sensor with the role of measuring the pressure in areas with a fire hazard;

• Gas sensor - sensor with the role of detecting the presence of gases in fire hazard areas;

• Shock sensor - sensor that reacts to the occurrence of shocks in a monitored premises;

• Vibration sensor - sensor that reacts to the occurrence of vibrations in a monitored premises;

• Transmitter - device or device that automatically transmits the signals measured by the sensors to the control system;

RO 138404 AO • Transducer - device or system that establishes a correspondence between the values of a quantity specific to this system and the values of a quantity of another nature, specific to another system, in the present case it makes the correspondence between the sensors and the control system;

• Data detection and transmission system - device that permanently reads the data provided by temperature, pressure, gas detection, shock or vibration sensors by means of transmitters, transducers located inside (EES);

• Data acquisition and control system - device that receives data from the data detection and transmission system and, based on predetermined values, commands the commissioning of one of the prevention or extinguishing devices;

• Default parameters - a series of fixed values with the role of triggering the anti-fire system;

• Connecting elements - they consist of hoses and quick couplers;

• Rod actuator piston - the component of the rod actuator system with a piston actuated by pressure which has the role of moving the rod that triggers the escape hatches, and which, once actuated, remains open;

• Cylinder and multiport injector - is the component of the rod actuator system, which at the predefined stroke, has three holes as an injector and which disperses inert gas or a mixture with the fire extinguishing substance in the aerosol stage;

• Module hatch - hatch with the role of obturating / releasing the smoke exhaust circuit, located on the battery module;

• Rack hatch - hatch with the role of obturating / releasing the smoke exhaust circuit, located on the rack cover;

• Hatch trigger rod for releasing the exhaust circuit - the rod with the role of simultaneous actuation of the module hatch and the rack hatch, which closes the exhaust system of the gases resulting from the fire;

• Drainage column - the column aimed at draining smoke/gases and substances resulting from the fire;

• Gas exhaust device dedicated to the module - downspout / pipe with the role of exhausting gases resulting from the fire;

• Absorbent vacuum cleaner - device with the role of suction of the mixture of gases resulting from the fire;

RO 138404 AO • Elbow-shaped device - it has the role of passing the burnt gases through a portion with water so that they do not return to the system;

• Collector tank - container with the role of collecting substances resulting from the fire;

• Drainage system recirculation pump - device with the role of recirculating water from the drainage system;

• Water basin - container through which the gases resulting from combustion pass and has the role of neutralizing them;

• Selectable inlet/outlet valve - device with the role of switching between the exhaust circuit and the flood circuit;

• ESS - energy storage system • EES container - electrical energy system container • Firemen's entrance - connection spigot specially designed for connecting the firemen's hose;

• Visual and auditory warning system - a combined system of two visual and auditory elements with the purpose of warning about the triggering of the anti-fire system;

• The principle of communicating vessels - if two or more containers are connected by a pipe, through which a liquid can flow, then the liquid poured into one of the containers will flow through the pipe and into the other(s), until in each container the liquid level will be the same;

• Inhibition - slowing down / stopping the reaction process that triggers the fire at the battery cell level;

• Cell / battery management system (BMS) - electronic system that manages charging / discharging, protecting the battery / batteries from overcharging or discharging below the minimum discharge level, monitors SOC, SOD and SOF and forwards this data.

• Extinguishing agent - neutral propellant gas and/or mixed with the anti-fire substance in the form of aerosols;

• Mixture of propellant inert gas with aerosols from the fire-fighting substance in liquid state - the mixture resulting from the exit from the mixing device with its own tank by atomization and/or other known methods.

• State of charge (SOC) - the state of charge of the battery modules;

• Discharge stage (SOD) - battery module discharge stage;

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7$ • Battery Cell State of Health (SOF) - as battery modules charge and discharge, the battery becomes less efficient at maintaining the same state of life it had at the beginning, so the cell cycles reduce;

• Fire protection system with at least two substances (MSFSS) has the role of fire protection and uses at least two substances to extinguish a fire event;

The technical solution offered by the present invention refers to a fire protection system with at least two fire-fighting substances, but not limited to these, of substantially reduced dimensions, designed to have a controlled prevention device, but also a controlled fire-fighting device that are put into operation and controlled by a data detection and transmission system and a data acquisition and control system, the system having at least one tank of propellant inert gas and one tank of liquid anti-fire substance, with dedicated circuits that close or open the previously mentioned devices, connecting pipes for supplying the propellant inert gas and/or the mixture with the fire-fighting substance to a rod actuator piston which, after actuation, also becomes an injector, a smoke intake and exhaust system, and a system of drainage for the neutralization of gases resulting from discharge of battery cells or following a fire.

This technical solution of using a controlled prevention device, which uses at least one pressure circuit, but preferably a low pressure circuit to distribute a preventive agent of inhibition and prevention of fire, arranged next to a fire protection device controlled using at least a separate pressure circuit, but preferably a high pressure circuit, for the rapid distribution of an extinguishing agent consisting of a mixture of propellant inert gas with aerosols of the liquid fire-fighting substance, a mechanism of switching that allows seamless transition between fire prevention and fire modes, which allows seamless transition between high pressure and low pressure circuits, a dedicated fluid transport circuit to regulate the flow of extinguishing agents through specific pipes to the designated modules (EES).

The controlled prevention apparatus also initiates and primes the following components: an actuator and injector system to initiate and inject propellant inert gas, the injected fire prevention agent, an exhaust apparatus to

RO 138404 AO removal of oxygen from the protected area, a suction device for extracting oxygen from the circuit, these having the effect of replacing the exhausted air with inert propellant gas, to reduce the risk of burning and the module pre-cooling reaction (EES), all these being followed by a device for extracting and redirecting the flow of smoke from the modules to the exhaust device.

Also, the controlled fire apparatus comprises a self-contained mixing device that uses a significantly modified compressed air lubricator as its central component to convert the fire retardant from a liquid to an aerosol by combining it with the propellant inert gas, and to calibrate and ensure the optimum mix ratio. in addition, the controlled anti-fire apparatus includes at least one tank of anti-fire substance, in addition to its own tank, these being interconnected, between the two operating the principle of communicating vessels, thus allowing the continuous supply of liquid anti-fire substance to the mixing device with own tank for transformation into aerosol.

The fire protection system also includes a rod actuator piston used as an escape hatch actuation device, which is a piston mounted in a cylinder, which uses the power of the inert propellant gas to push and force open the hatches from the module and from the battery rack via a rod, and after actuation, the system becomes an injection cylinder having at least one exhaust port, preferably three ports, positioned to distribute inert propellant gas and/or extinguishing agent mixture below form of aerosols, uniformly among the cells inside the battery module and above them.

Also, the technical solution offered by this system also includes a circuit containing the smoke column formed by an exhaust device connected to the fire hatches, a main suction column that channels the smoke flow, a suction device connected with a absorbent vacuum cleaner and a smoke circuit system with a double function: the first function being to exhaust the smoke towards the drainage system and the second function to flood the modules (EES) in the opposite direction, with water supplied by the fire brigade through a dedicated inlet.

In addition, the fire protection system includes a multitude of dedicated exhaust devices (EES) to ensure the efficient removal of combustible gases through the recirculated water of a drainage system. The exhaust is equipped with elbows and unidirectional valves protecting against reverse flow, all

RO 138404 AO being connected to a tank that serves as a collection point for the water with the resulting substances and the smoke from the drainage, in a closed circuit ensured by a recirculation pump.

In addition, the data detection and transmission system comprises a multitude of temperature, pressure, gas, vibration and shock sensors, transmitters and transducers, which are positioned at the module level in the frame (EES) or in the open surrounding areas and with separate subassemblies , divide into groups as: battery cell group, cooling groups, power electronics group, which have at least one sensor on each, on the cell electrode, one sensor on the cooling system and one sensor on the BMS, resulting redundancy, so that either group can initiate the fire protection system.

In addition to the aforementioned, the fire protection system can also include a data acquisition and control system with an analysis and execution subsystem that triggers the activation of the controlled prevention device when any critical value is detected or the activation of the controlled fire device when it detects any imminent value, either coming from inside a module or indicating the pressure produced by the discharge of the battery cell inside any module. Also, the data acquisition and control system can perform the switching between the prevention device and the anti-fire device. This is done by switching between the low-pressure circuit and the high-pressure circuit, a system that decides the appropriate circuit for the supply of propellant inert gas either to the prevention apparatus which can act intermittently and/or to the extinguishing apparatus which can act continuously .

Also, when the fire protection system is put into operation, at least one of the three types of reactions can occur, as follows:

• thermal reaction of the additional cooling of the cells inside the battery modules by injecting the inert propellant gas and/or the aerosols formed from the mixture of the inert propellant gas with the fire-fighting substance in liquid state;

• physical reaction given by the replacement and aspiration of oxygen and/or combustible gases, with inert propellant gas and/or with aerosols formed from the mixture of inert propellant gas with the liquid fire-fighting substance;

• the chemical reaction resulting from the mixing of combustible gases with the N2 injected by the electrical system protection system or mixture with anti-fire substances, as well as their passage through the water in the drainage system, which significantly reduces the flammability of the component gases.

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DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Fig. 1 - It is a schematic diagram of MSFSS, PAC and EAC and propellant inert gas with their circuits.

Fig. 2 - It is a schematic description of the battery module structure with detection device and escape hatches.

Fig. 3 - It is a schematic diagram of the structure of battery modules with injector actuators and hatches.

Fig. 4 - It is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of battery modules with exhaust and suction system.

Fig. 5 - Is a schematic diagram of a container structure (EES) with exhaust and drainage transport pipes.

Fig. 6 - It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the battery modules arranged in shelves connected to the main drainage system.

Fig. 7 - It is an illustration with markings of the action in real time of the activity of the devices and devices: detection, prevention, module evacuation circulation and extinguishing, to the reaction of the discharge of a battery cell from a module.

Fig. 7 A. Causing a fire by destroying a battery using an external heating source. The pictures show the fire intervention phases. Pre-fire phase: the temperature sensors indicate its increase and the fire protection system is triggered by the intermittent release of propellant inert gas with the aim of: activating the exhaust circuit (falling of hatches), cooling the premises and pushing oxygen from the battery module . On the right side you can see the release of the exhaust circuit and on the left side the supply hose of the rod actuator piston, which comes from the output circuit of the anti-fire protection system and injection of inert propellant gas and/or inert propellant gas mixture with the liquid anti-fire substance.

Fig. 7 B. Cell/battery pressure valve backflow/explosion and gas dispersion within the battery module enclosure, due to temperature rise above a certain level/maximum threshold.

Fig. 7 C. The activation of the fire protection system by the injection of extinguishing agent in liquid state transformed into aerosols through the injector cylinder, simultaneously with the activation of the vacuum cleaner absorbing gases resulting from the discharge / explosion of the battery / cell and their evacuation through the exhaust system.

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Fig. 7 D. The end phase of the exothermic reaction and the cessation of the elimination of gases from the cell / battery, thanks to the anti-fire system that cools and extinguishes a fire resulting from the release of flammable gases and the shutdown of the anti-fire protection system when the temperature drops below the critical value.

Fig. 8 - Is a schematic diagram of a container group (EES) with dedicated transport pipes to the common drainage and collection tank.

Fig. 9 - It is a schematic diagram of the mixing device with its own tank connected to the tank of liquid anti-fire substance, for balancing the pressure of the inert gas cushion on the principle of communicating vessels.

Fig. 10 - Is a schematic diagram of the multiport injector and actuator system.

101 - propellant inert gas;

102 - propellant inert gas tank;

103 - main pressure regulator;

104 - main solenoid valve;

105 - high pressure circuit regulator (EAC).

106 - low pressure circuit regulator (PAC).

107 - low pressure solenoid valve of the output circuit (PAC).

108 - mixing device with its own tank

109 - connection for adjusting the pressure of the inert gas cushion on the principle of communicating vessels

110 - liquid fire retardant substance tank

111 - balanced gas cushion of the anti-fire substance

112 - communication path between the two inert gas cushions between the two communicating vessels

113 - anti-fire substance in liquid state

114 — liquid communication path between the two communicating vessels

115 - outlet with extinguishing agent mixture

116 - high-pressure solenoid valve of the outlet circuit (EAC).

117 - separate output solenoid valve dedicated to the AC circuit

118 - separate output solenoid valve dedicated to the CB circuit

119 - separate output solenoid valve dedicated to the DC circuit

120 - battery module

121 - actuator and injector system

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122 - battery module hatch

123 - circulation evacuation module

124 - exhaust device dedicated to the module

125 - absorbent vacuum cleaner

126 - battery module cover

127 - discharge wave battery cell

128 - hatch in the module compartment

129 - selectable inlet/outlet valve for firefighters

130 - Container Electric Energy System (EES)

131 - fire department entrance

132 - elbow-shaped backflow prevention device

133 - the main drainage column

134 - one-way valve

135 - collection tank

136 - drainage system recirculation pump

137 - the supply pipe of the drainage column

138 - controlled exhaust flow

139 - smoke circuit system

140 - switching mechanism

141 - rod actuator piston

142 - cylinder and multiport injector

143a, 143b, 143c - holes for the injection of the inert driving gas and/or the mixture of inert driving gas mixed with fire-fighting substance in the aerosol stage.

144 - piston operated hatch actuator

145 - drainage system

146 - data detection and transmission system

147 - module and rack exhaust device

148 - suction device

149 - exhaust device

150 - oxygen replacement and cooling process with inert propellant gas

151 - actuator cylinder input

152 - main suction column of battery modules

153 - exhaust device with reversible flooding function /Γ3

154 - liquid transformed into aerosol

CS - data acquisition and control system

PAC - controlled prevention device

EAC - controlled fire protection device

PI - pressure sensor 1 of a battery module

P2 - pressure sensor 2 of a battery module

P3 - high pressure sensor for propellant inert gas

HI - hydrogen derived combustible gas detection sensor

SI - shock sensor

TI - temperature sensor 1 dedicated to a battery cell T2 - temperature sensor 1 dedicated to a battery cell VI - vibration sensor

The objective of the present invention is to create a fire protection system for an Electric Energy Storage System (EES) to solve the shortcomings of fire risk and propagation in the current state of the art.

The present invention describes a fire protection system with at least two substances (MSFSS), which was designed with significantly reduced dimensions, which with the help of temperature, gas, pressure shock and vibration sensors (which can be T1, T2, P1,P2,P3,H1,S1,V1), the system of the present invention acts directly at the source of the fire with inert propellant gas (101) and/or with a mixture of inert propellant gas (101) with the liquid fire-fighting substance (113) , which can be a clean volatile or gaseous extinguishing agent, non-polluting and with dielectric properties, such as but not limited to fluorocarbons - FCs; perfluorocarbons - PFCs; fluoroiodocarbons - FICs, Novec 1230, Novec 649 and FK-5-1-12 (C6F12O), etc. calibrated and dosed through a mixing device with its own tank (108) to combat fire factors, applied controlled both in terms of pressure, mixture proportion, flow rate and by controlling intervention times, by intermittent or continuous application directly at the source.

The inert gas (101) stored in the tank (102), at a pressure up to the maximum safety limit, is also a propitiator/engine element of the present invention, which allows a significantly prolonged and controlled action on the fire throughout the extinguishing process both with a slow, progressive, intermittent application as well as a total discharge.

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The present invention presents a fire protection system with at least two substances (MSFSS) which in turn can contain a controlled prevention device (PAC), which can use at least one pressure circuit, preferably a low pressure circuit pressure, reduced in turn by the low pressure regulator (106) and/or actuated by a solenoid valve (107), to distribute an inert propellant gas (101) with the role of fire inhibition, through a circuit dedicated to the purpose to prevent the risk of fire, directly in at least one battery module (120) which may belong to an electrical energy storage system (EES).

Also, the MSFSS contains a controlled fire apparatus (EAC), which can use at least one pressure circuit, but preferably a high pressure circuit operated by the pressure regulator. high pressure (105) and/or solenoid valve (116) to distribute an inert propellant gas (101) combined by a mixing device with its own tank (108) with a liquid fire retardant substance (113) transforming it in an aerosol (154), with the role of fire inhibition.

Between the (PAC) and (EAC) devices, the present invention proposes a switching mechanism (140) that allows seamless transition between the two mentioned devices.

From the main output of the two devices or at least one of (PAC) or (EAC), the invention presents a dedicated circuit for the transport of the extinguishing agent, which can be at least one of the circuits (CA), (CB), ( CC) and which uses a set of dedicated solenoid valves (117), (118), (119) to distribute the flow of extinguishing agent through specific pipes to the interior of the battery module (120).

The two substances of (MSFSS), of the present invention, are formed by at least two components: an inert propellant gas (101) used to inhibit the fire but also to propel the prevention and extinguishing devices, as well as the mixing device with tank own (108), and a liquid anti-fire substance (113) which by combining with the propellant inert gas is transformed into an aerosol (154).

To eliminate at least one condition of combustion maintenance, the controlled prevention apparatus (PAC) is physically connected by propellant inert gas (101) and logically by initiating and priming the following components: an actuator and injector system (121) for inert gas injection propellant (101) and hatch opening (122 and 128), a column of smoke with the external environment of the battery module (120), an exhaust device

RO 138404 AO module and rack (147) for removing air / oxygen from the protected area, a suction device (148) for evacuating air / oxygen from the battery module and an exhaust device (149) for expelling the air removed from the protected area.

Also, in addition to the previously mentioned devices and systems, the controlled prevention device (PAC) performs at least one of the processes: evacuation of oxygen from the battery module (120) and its replacement by inert gas (150), and cooling which can also be through a process of intermittent injection of the propellant inert gas (101) to manage the limited source in the tank (102).

The purpose of the processes mentioned above is to eliminate at least one condition, but preferably two conditions that maintain combustion, such as by keeping the protected area without oxygen and at a low temperature.

The fire protection system of the present invention has a cylinder (102) of significantly reduced dimensions, which can be but not limited to 20 liters for an electrical energy storage system (EES) that could be recommended for 0.6 MW, in which propellant inert gas (101) is stored at a pressure of at least 200 bar, preferably 300 bar, or at a maximum pressure without exceeding the recommended pressure limit of the cylinder (102). In addition, the system has a second tank (110) that contains the anti-fire substance in liquid state (113) equivalent to a clean extinguishing agent, at a pressure close to the atmospheric one. The anti-fire protection system comes into action through the main pressure regulator (103), with the main solenoid valve (104), the assembly being a system with substantially reduced dimensions, but which ensures a quick intervention, being ideal for stationary and mobile installations, all this being an integral part of the present invention.

Next, the fire protection system with at least two substances (MSFSS), in addition to the controlled prevention device (PAC) that comes into action when a critical operating value of (EES) is detected, also includes a controlled fire protection device (EAC) which comes into action upon detection of an imminent fire value such as discharge of a battery cell from a battery module.

The controlled fire apparatus (EAC) of the present invention can also contain a mixing device with its own tank (108) which can dose and/or calibrate and/or proportion in the form of an aerosol (154), the fire-fighting substance in liquid state (113), coming from the tank of the anti-fire substance (110) connected on the principle of communicating vessels.

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The self-contained mixing device (108) of the present invention, which may be a significantly modified compressed air lubricator as a central component, is an integral part of the present invention, combining the liquid fire retardant (113) with the propellant inert gas (101), transforming them into an aerosol (154) by means of a connection for equalizing the pressure of the inert gas cushion on the principle of communicating vessels (109) with a communication path (112) between the two gas cushions (111) and (109) and another liquid communication path (114), both based on the principle of communicating vessels, for the continuous supply of the mixing device with its own tank (108) from the fire-fighting substance tank (110).

The mixing device with its own tank (108) is significantly modified from other known devices, which work on principles such as: injection, pumping, aspiration by pressurized flow, by the aerosol principle, spray, hydrostatic head, i.e. a liquid from a upper container that can have a higher pressure due to its greater height, causing the liquid to flow to the lower container, or other known dosing and mixing systems, which can also be on the principle of the so-called pneumatic lubricator with adjustable flow, proposed in the present invention , with at least one mixer property, which in turn doses the substance from the liquid state sprayed into the aerosol. The mixing device (108) can be driven by the propellant inert gas (101) or other known external energy source, but which device is an integral part of the present invention.

The tank of the fire-fighting substance (110) mentioned above, contains the fire-fighting substance in liquid state (113), a communication path between the two inert gas cushions (112) and a liquid communication path between the two vessels ( 114), allowing the continuous supply of the fire retardant substance in liquid state (113) to the mixing device in its own tank of the mixing device (108) for transformation into an aerosol (154).

The system of the present invention may also contain a pressure reducer / regulator on the circuit and / or on each of the circuits in order to manage the propellant pressure and apply the necessary pressure to the prevention or mixing circuit depending on the result and / or the substances used, such as preventively injected N2 at 3 bar and / or mixed N2 with Novec anti-fire injected at 3 bar with actuator and injection, and / or mixed N2 with Novec at 8 bar with actuator and injection, to which and / or add systems of: evacuation, suction, drainage but not limited to these, assemblies and subassemblies that are an integral part of the present invention.

RO 138404 AO ic;

When at least one of: the controlled prevention device (PAC) and/or the controlled fire prevention device (EAC) is triggered, the propellant inert gas (101) and/or the mixture (115) are transported through dedicated circuits directly inside the fire module batteries (120) through the system to the actuator/injector (121).

In the present invention, the actuator and injector system (121) can be represented by a piston in a cylinder, in turn being significantly modified to become an injector actuator in the battery module (120), its components being described below.

The injector actuator (121) can include a rod actuator piston (141) mounted in the cylinder (142) which uses the power of the propellant inert gas (101) through the inlet (151) and which forcibly opens the fire hatches (122) / (128), through actuation of a rod (144).

At the same time, the substantially modified injector actuator cylinder (121), forming an integral part of the present invention, becoming an injector through at least one hole but preferably three (143a) / (143b) / (143c), positioned in three axes, which behave as a sprayer after the translation of the piston (141) to the opening stroke of the holes, ensuring the optimal injection of the propellant inert gas (101) coming from the prevention device (PAC) and / or the mixture of propellant inert gas with the fire-fighting substance in the state the liquid from the fire extinguisher (EAC), the three holes ensuring the dispersion of the extinguishing agent, so that the sprayed substances reach evenly inside the battery module (120), above and among the battery cells, directly at the source

The present fire protection system can also be provided with one or more hatches, which through the translational movement of the rod actuator piston (141), pushes the rod (144) attached to the piston, opening the module hatch (122) and the rack hatch ( 128), components of the module and rack exhaust device (147), through the exhaust device dedicated to the module (124), having the role of opening the smoke exhaust circuit (139) and/or combustion gases, and their introduction in the exhaust circuit, suction, exhaust and drainage of gases and resulting substances.

In the present invention, the module hatch (122) and the rack hatch (128) are designed, on mechanical, magnetic and gravitational principles to stay closed and be opened by the injector actuator (121) which actuates them in chain from the module hatch (122) ) to the rack hatch (128) by hooking it and gravity opening.

These mechanical, magnetic and gravity hatch devices (122) and (128) operate in fire situations when and where electrical devices and

RO 138404 Electronic AOs are not recommended or are prohibited due to fire and/or high temperature.

After the opening of the hatches mentioned above, a circulation of anti-fire and smoke substances is formed, hereinafter referred to as module exhaust circulation (123), transferred to the outside of the module through the exhaust vortex (138). This phenomenon is due to the cover (126) that is fixed above the battery cells, represented by the heat-resistant glass (126) in the test in Fig. 7. Due to the chosen construction solution, the cover of the battery module (126) is in frontal opposition to all discharge valves of the battery cells, and in case of discharge forms the discharge wave (127), representing the primary source of pressure detection and explosion identification.

After opening the hatches (122) and (128) and through the exhaust device dedicated to the module (124), the circulation of anti-fire and smoke substances is directed through the main suction column (152), with double functionality, through which the smoke flow is channeled, through a suction device (148), connected to an absorbent vacuum (125), followed by an exhaust device (149).

The main suction column (152), can have a double functionality, explained as follows: the first being the channeling of the smoke flow from inside any battery module (120) to the outside of the container (EES) (130), through a suction device ( 148), connected to an absorbent vacuum (125), followed by an exhaust device (149), and the second functionality being the flooding of the battery modules (120) from the firemen's water source from outside the container (EES) (130) of the battery modules (120) comprising the firemen's inlet (131), the selectable inlet/outlet valve (129), and the exhaust device with reversible flooding function (153), so that the main suction column (152) and the evacuation with reversible flooding function (153) ensures the evacuation function from the module to the outside and flooding from the firemen's entrance to the modules.

Consequently, the actuator and injector system (121), the hatches (122) and (128), the module exhaust system (147), suction (148) and exhaust (149) with all the apparatus and devices presented above, operate on mechanical principles , gravitational and magnetic, except for the vacuum cleaner (125) which is electrically powered from a UPS with a voltage of 12 / 60 V DC, preferably 24V, but not limited to these voltages. The turbine of the vacuum cleaner being tightly isolated from the electrical part.

in the present invention, the Fire Protection System for Electric Energy Storage Systems (EES) can also be provided with a Drainage System (145), which

RO 138404 AO may comprise: an assembly of fluid transport pipes dedicated to the container (EES) (130) connected from the exhaust device (149) to the drainage column (133), where each container (EES) (130) separately may be connected to the main drainage column (133) to ensure efficient removal of combustibles by water recirculated through the drainage system (137), a backflow preventer, which may comprise a backflow preventer elbow-shaped drain (132) and a one-way valve (134), a collection tank (135) that serves as a tank for accumulating residues or combustible and polluting substances so as not to be released into the outside environment, and a recirculation pump (136) which allows the reuse of water from the collection tank by pumping it back into the drainage system.

in the present invention, the Fire Protection System for the Electric Energy Storage System (EES) can also be provided with a Data Detection and Transmission System (146) comprising: a group of temperature sensors (which can be T1, T2) and/or transmitters and/or transducers, which are appropriately positioned at the battery modules, a group of pressure, vibration or shock sensors (which can be P1,P2,P3,S1,V1) and/or transmitters and/or dedicated transducers installed in the battery module for internal pressure monitoring, and a group of flammable/combustible gas detectors (which may be HI) and/or transmitters and/or transducers, which are arranged inside the battery modules or inside (EES ), so that all groups of sensors permanently transmit data from the monitored object to the data acquisition and control system (CS).

The present invention proposes a fire protection system for the controlled Electric Energy Storage System (EES), because based on the data detection and transmission system (146) the systems, devices and component devices are controlled by the data acquisition and control system ( CS) in real time to prevent, extinguish, evacuate, drain and extend the action from one battery module to a plurality of battery modules to the entire container (EES) (130) depending on the spread of the fire, all through a controlled management of the propellant inert gas source and the UPS that supplies the vacuum cleaner (125) with 12 / 60 V DC current, preferably 24V, but which can also supply the data detection and transmission system (146) and Data acquisition and control system (CS).

The aforementioned data acquisition and control system (CS) is an integral part of the present invention and may include: a data acquisition system from the

RO 138404 AO lu(>

detection and data transmission (146) and an execution system, which triggers the controlled prevention device (PAC) upon detection of at least one critical value received from the detection device, or triggers the controlled fire prevention device (EAC) upon detection of the less than an imminent value received from the detector.

in addition, the Data Acquisition and Control System (CS) can also perform the following actions: perform the switching between the controlled prevention device (PAC) and the controlled fire prevention device (EAC), perform the circuit change between the low pressure circuit and the high pressure circuit , respectively triggers the controlled prevention device (PAC) or triggers the controlled anti-fire device (EAC), executes the commissioning of the absorbent vacuum cleaner (125) and/or the recirculation pump of the drainage system (136), executes intermittent action of any between the controlled prevention device (PAC) or the controlled fire prevention device (EAC) for the management of the resources allocated to the container (EES) (130) during the intervention, from the propellant inert gas tank (102) or the tank of the fire-fighting substance in liquid state (110).

In the present invention, upon fire and/or discharge of at least one battery cell, which is part of a battery cell module, the Protection System for the Electric Energy Storage System (EES) is triggered and may occur at least one thermal and / or physical and / or chemical reaction, being an integral part of the present invention and representing innovative and significant solutions presented below.

The thermal reaction which can be the additional / forced cooling of the cells inside the battery modules by propellant inert gas and/or mixture of the anti-fire substance in the form of aerosols, injected directly above and between the battery cells.

Physical reaction which can be push and suction for the evacuation and replacement of oxygen and/or fuel gases directly above and between the battery cells inside the module, by injecting inert propellant gas (101) and/or mixture of inert propellant gas with substance liquid fire retardant (113).

The chemical reaction that can result in the phase in which the battery cell has discharged producing H2 and other combustible derivative gases that react with the N2 injected by the fire protection system of the electrical system, which forms in the first phase N2 + H2 - NH3 at critical temperature (higher than) 132.22 °C and the result of which is passed through the drainage system, being soluble in water, resulting in the second phase NH3 (rev) + H2O (I) NH4+ (rev) + OH- ( rev) where ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH) is

RO 138404 AO significantly less combustible and soluble compared to hydrogen (H2) and/or other combustible gases resulting from the explosion of one or more battery cells.

The present invention also presents the method of protecting the electrical energy system (EES), which can include the following stages:

- when the data acquisition and control system (CS) receives at least one critical value from the data detection and transmission system (146) and/or the state of charge (SOC) / state of discharge (SOD) / state of health (SOF) from the BMS, the data acquisition and control system (CS) executes the activation of the controlled prevention device (PAC) and at the same time primes the controlled fire prevention device (EAC), upon receiving a previously mentioned critical value, through which the pressure and level the anti-fire substance in liquid state between the two communicating vessels (108) and (110) are equalized, creating the initial conditions for the production of aerosols;

- in the same step, the control system (CS) opening the circuit of the controlled prevention device (PAC), the inert gas (101) propels the rod actuator piston (141) from the actuation cylinder (142) which opens the smoke hatches (122) and ( 128) and at the same time disperses into the compartment of the battery cell module to push and replace the oxygen inside, simultaneously with the suction;

- after the opening of the hatches, the control system (CS) executes the intermittent action of injecting the propellant inert gas (101), in order to conserve its resources, keeping the module enclosure without oxygen and at a low temperature, and to mitigate the thermal propagation from the cell compromised to the other cells in the module;

- to correlate the positive pressure released through the holes (143a, 143b, 143c), balanced to the negative suction pressure from the main suction column of the battery modules (152), the system executes pulse modulation commands (PWM) when powering the absorbent vacuum cleaner (125) to correlate its suction flow, preferably in real tirnp, throughout the process;

- in the situation where a cell of the battery module discharges, the pressure wave is detected by the data detection and transmission system (146), which transmits this data in real time to the data acquisition and control system (CS), executes the opening ( EAC) simultaneously with the circuit dedicated to the affected battery module, and the mixture of anti-fire substance in the form of aerosols (154), is injected at the fuel source directly into the affected battery module;

- subsequently, the resulting gases are channeled through the main suction column of the battery modules (152), to the outside of the container through the exhaust device (149),

to the drainage system (145), where the chemical reaction resulting from the phase in which the battery cell has discharged producing H2 and other combustible by-gases will take place in Phase 2, converting them into a form with significantly reduced flammability to eliminate the risk of propagation from one container (EES) (130) to another, and environmental protection;

In case of exhaustion of the resources of the controlled fire protection device (EAC), and the risk of fire is not completely eliminated, (EES) can be filled and/or flooded with water, through the firemen's entrance (131) flooding through the evacuation device with reversible function of flooding (153), the water reaching all the battery modules through (147) thus ensuring the complete extinction of a possible fire.

In the present invention, the previous method is not limited to the order of the stages, not all of them being essential, but which can be completed by at least one redundant method which by detecting a critical value of temperature (through T1.T2) and/or pressure (through P1, P2,P3), and / or combustible gas, vibration or shock (through HI,SI,VI), will open all hatches in all battery modules from the whole (EES) and open all circuits through which the inert gas is injected propellant with anti-fire mixture with a generalized action of systems, apparatus and devices.

The system has significantly reduced dimensions and weight that allow the application and/or installation of the fire protection system in small mobile or fixed premises, which can be attached or integrated into battery modules in the electric vehicle / ship / aircraft industry representing a fire protection application at on request of the batteries but not limited to them, fire protection system which is an integral part of the present invention with the mentioned applications and integrations.

The significantly reduced dimensions and the application of the extinguishing agent directly at the source allows the installation of the fire protection system close to the source of the fire, which significantly reduces the prompt response time, through a quick release, reduces the dimensions of pipes and pipes from the tank and / or mixture through the dispenser up to the rod actuator piston or injection to the focus and / or reactor of flammable and / or combustible and / or fire substances, reducing the spread of the fire through the listed elements, is an integral part of the present invention.

By multiplying the action paths of the fire protection system and placing rod actuating pistons, rods, exhaust hatches and exhaust devices dedicated to the modules and controlling them through the Data Acquisition and Control System (CS), the safety of an entire rack of modules or a container, by using a single propellant inert gas tank (102) and a single tank of

RO 138404 AO

M anti-fire substance in liquid state (110), triggered by temperature, pressure, gas, shock or vibration sensors (which can be T1,T2,P1,P2,P3,H1,S1,V1), located in each module, which are an integral part of the present invention.

The anti-fire protection system of the present invention can also be equipped with a visual and auditory alarm system to warn the personnel in the area, as well as to locate the fire with greater precision.

The anti-fire protection system was designed to work in such a way as to remove from the protected and sealed environment of a battery module, the two elements that maintain combustion: high temperature and oxygen, taking into account the following aspects: Aspect 1. Temperature sensors, pressure, gas, shock or vibration (which can be T1,T2, P1,P2,P3,H1,S1,V1) transmitters and transducers, which are located inside the battery module / rack / (EES) / servers / electric machines permanently transmit data to the data detection and transmission system, mounted near the battery support / rack / servers.

Aspect 2. The data acquisition and control system (CS) receives data from the data detection and transmission system and compares the obtained values, which include battery data and ambient data, with preset reference values. Analyze and determine if an event has occurred.

Aspect 3. If the measured / resulting value exceeds the reference value by comparison and analysis with a preset reference value of temperature, pressure, gas presence, shock or vibration, a system start command is generated according to the two preset phases, like this:

PHASE 1: When the temperature rises above the preset limit: the solenoid valve that controls the output of the propellant inert gas cylinder is activated and (CS) sends the command to open the controlled prevention device (PAC), so that inert propellant gas is released intermittently at low pressure by means of the pressure regulator, by controlling the solenoid valves, with the purpose of activating the exhaust circuit by dropping the hatches, for cooling the premises and removing oxygen or other flammable gases from the circuit. The system sends propellant inert gas (nitrogen - N2) at certain time intervals with the purpose of cooling the element / elements that release the heat. At the same time, it turns on: the fire alarm, the resulting smoke exhaust system, and automatically cuts off the electrical power supply to the protected device. The system works until the temperature drops below the preset intervention value.

Explanation: this intervention phase also refers to avoiding a potential danger of

RO 138404 AO explosion as a result of an accumulation of flammable gas emitted by the batteries, as a result of the increase in temperature, before the ignition of the gaseous mixture, to avoid accumulations in the form of gas bags, measure the fall of the hatches and the evacuation of flammable gases outside with the help of the absorbent vacuum cleaner. If the measures taken in this phase are not sufficient and a fire breaks out, or a battery cell discharges, proceed to PHASE 2.

PHASE 2: When a fire occurs or if a battery cell discharges, temperature, pressure, gas, shock or vibration sensors (which can be T1.T2, P1,P2,P3,H1,S1,V1) transmit a massive increase in of the measured values and triggers the start of the controlled fire protection device (EAC). The CS is programmed to open the solenoid valves through the control relays, and to release propellant inert gas (N2), at high pressure, on a secondary circuit, different from the circuit in PHASE 1, which contains a mixer, and which combines the propellant inert gas with a clean extinguishing agent (NOVEC), turns it into aerosols and sprays it above the fire by means of a rod actuator piston which, after being actuated, becomes an injector cylinder with several holes. At the same time, the fire alarm goes off, the resulting smoke exhaust system removes oxygen from the room and automatically cuts off the electrical power supply to the protected device. The system releases the inert gas and the extinguishing agent until the total exhaustion of the inert gas (N2), which is also the propellant of the fire fighting system.

The fire protection system is powered by a 12 V / 60 V UPS source, preferably 24 V, to which the CS system is connected and which provides power to the solenoid valves, which can be powered at 12 V / 24 V, but not limited to these values.

Solved by the present invention are the fire problems that can occur in a (EES) based on batteries can fall into the following fire classes: Class C "Gas fires" due to the fact that the cells / batteries in these systems emit flammable gases due to the increase temperature above a certain threshold, Class D - "flammable metals" due to the lithium in the cell component and in Class E - "fires in electrical installations" under voltage because in the modules, the cells / batteries can be electrically connected in series or parallel , which increases the risk of spreading to other cells / batteries from the affected one.

Claims (11)

RO 138404 AO (ίΰ'ι demand 1. An electrical power system fire protection system (EES), comprising: a dual substance fire protection system (MSFSS) with or without a controlled prevention device (PAC), an actuator and injector system (121), a smoke circuit system (139), a drainage system (145), a detection system (146) and a data acquisition and control system (CS), in which the fire extinguishing system with the at least two substances (MSFSS) comprises at least one controlled fire extinguisher (EAC) with at least two components: propellant inert gas (102) and fire extinguishing substance, preferably in liquid form (113). 2. At least two substance fire protection system (MSFSS) according to claim 1, comprising: - a controlled prevention device (PAC): uses at least one pressure circuit, but preferably a low pressure circuit operated by the low pressure regulator (106) and/or solenoid valve (107) to distribute an inert propellant gas (101) with fire inhibition role; - a controlled fire extinguisher (EAC): it uses at least one pressure circuit, but preferably a high-pressure circuit operated by the high-pressure regulator (105) and/or the solenoid valve (116) to distribute a gas mixture inert propellant with the role of fire inhibition; - a switching mechanism (140): allows seamless transition between the circuits of the prevention apparatus (PAC) and the controlled fire apparatus (EAC); - a dedicated circuit for the transport of the extinguishing agent which can be at least one of (CA), (CB), (CC): using a set of dedicated solenoid valves (117), (118), (119), to regulate the flow of extinguishing agent through specific pipes to the interior of the battery module (120); - two components: an inert propellant gas (101) used to inhibit the fire but also to propel the preventive and extinguishing devices, as well as the mixing device with its own tank (108), and a liquid anti-fire substance (113) of preferably a liquid transformed into an aerosol (154). 3. Controlled Prevention Apparatus (PAC), according to claims 1 and 2, which is physically connected by propellant inert gas (101) and logically by initiating and priming components comprising the following systems, apparatus and processes: RO 138404 AO ICO • an actuator and injector system (121) for injecting the propellant inert gas (101) and opening the hatches (122 and 128); • a module and rack exhaust device (147) for removing air / oxygen from the protected area; • a suction device (148) for the evacuation of air / oxygen from the battery module; • an exhaust device (149) for expelling the air removed from the protected area; • a double-effect process of replacing oxygen and cooling with inert propellant gas (150) to replace the air / oxygen in the module with inert propellant gas to reduce the risk of ignition; • an intermittent process of injecting the inert propellant gas (101) with the aim of managing the limited source in the tank (102) and maintaining the protected area without oxygen. 4. Controlled fire apparatus (EAC) according to claim 2 and integrated in the fire protection system with at least two substances (MSFSS) according to claim 1, comprising: - a mixing device with its own tank (108) which uses a significantly modified compressed air lubricator as a central component, to combine the fire-fighting substance in liquid form (113) with the propellant inert gas (101), turning them into - an aerosol (154) with a connection for equalizing the pressure of the inert gas cushion on the principle of communicating vessels (109) with a communication path between the two inert gas cushions (112) and a liquid communication path (114) to achieve the principle of communicating vessels; - at least one communicating vessel attached to the mixing device with its own tank (108) represented by a fire-fighting substance tank (110) containing a fire-fighting substance in liquid state (113) a communication path between the two gas cushions inert (112) and a liquid communication path between the two vessels (114), allowing the continuous supply of the fire retardant substance in liquid state (113) to the mixing device in its own tank (108) for transformation into an aerosol (154 ). RO 138404 AO ^C >j 5. Actuator and injector system (121) according to claim 1, representing a piston in cylinder significantly modified to become an injector actuator in battery mode, comprising: - a rod actuator piston (141) mounted in a cylinder (142) which uses the power of the inert propellant gas through the inlet (151) and which forcibly opens the fire hatches (122) / (128); and - an injection cylinder with at least one hole but preferably three (143a) / (143b) / (143c), positioned in three axes, which act as injectors after the translation of the piston during the opening stroke of the holes, ensuring optimal injection coming from the prevention device and / or the fire protection device, on top, as well as between the battery cells. 6. Smoke circuit system (139) according to claim 1, comprising: - a module and rack exhaust device (147) consisting of fire hatches (122,128) and an exhaust device dedicated to the module (124), which ensures the evacuation of gases from the battery module; - a main suction column (152), with double functionality, through which the smoke flow is channeled, through a suction device (148), connected to an absorbent vacuum cleaner (125), followed by an exhaust device (149) ; and - an exhaust device with reversible flooding function (153) comprising: selectable inlet/outlet valve (129), firemen's inlet (131); so that the main suction column (152) and the evacuation device with reversible flooding function (153) ensure the evacuation / flooding function from the module to the outside and from the firefighters to the modules. 7. The drainage system (145) according to claim 1, comprises: - an assembly of dedicated fluid transport pipes (EES) connected from the exhaust apparatus (149) to the drainage column (133), each (EES) being connected to the main drainage column (133) to ensure efficient removal of combustible substances through water recirculated through the drainage system (137); - a backflow protection device comprising: an elbow-shaped backflow prevention device (132) and a one-way valve (134); - a collection tank (135) that serves as a tank for accumulating residues or combustible and polluting substances so as not to be released into the external environment; and RO 138404 AO - a recirculation pump (136) that allows the water from the collection tank to be reused by pumping it back into the drainage system. 8. Data detection and transmission system (146) according to claim 1, comprising: - a group of temperature sensors (which can be T1.T2) and/or transmitters and/or transducers, which are positioned accordingly at the level of the battery module; - a group of pressure sensors (which can be P1,P2,P3) and/or transmitters and/or transducers installed and dedicated in the battery module for monitoring the internal pressure; and - a group of flammable/combustible gas, shock or vibration detectors (which can be HI, SI, VI) and/or transmitters and/or transducers, which are arranged inside the battery modules; so that all sensor groups permanently transmit data from the monitored object to the data acquisition and control system (CS). 9. Data acquisition and control system (CS) according to claim 1, comprising: - a data acquisition system from the data detection and transmission system (146) and an execution system that performs the following: a) triggering the controlled prevention device (PAC) upon detection of at least one critical value received from the detection device; b) the triggering of the anti-fire controlled device (EAC) upon detection of at least one imminent value received from the detection device; c) perform the switching between the controlled prevention device (PAC) and the controlled fire prevention device (EAC); d) executes the circuit change between the low-pressure circuit and the high-pressure circuit, respectively triggers the controlled prevention device (PAC) or triggers the controlled fire prevention device (EAC); e) executes the commissioning of the absorbent vacuum cleaner (125) and/or the recirculation pump of the drainage system (136); f) performs intermittent action of any of the controlled prevention device (PAC) or the controlled fire prevention device (EAC) for the management of allocated resources (EES) during the intervention from the propellant inert gas tank (102) or the fire-fighting substance tank in liquid state (HO). RO 138404 AO Ί? 10. The reactions of the electrical power system protection system (EES) of the present invention to the outbreak of fire and/or to the substances resulting from the explosion of at least one battery cell, which is part of a battery cell module, are part of the component of the present invention and represents innovative and significant solutions represented by: - thermal reaction with the additional cooling of the cells inside the battery modules by inert propellant gas and/or mixture of the anti-fire substance in the form of aerosols, injected directly above and between the battery cells; - physical reaction combined with the physical process of pushing and aspiration for the evacuation and replacement of oxygen and/or combustible gases directly above and between the battery cells inside the module with a propellant inert gas mixture and/or extinguishing agent mixture; - the chemical reaction resulting from the phase in which the battery cell discharged producing H2 and other combustible derivative gases that react with the N2 injected by the electrical system protection system, which forms in the first phase N2 + H2 - NH3 at the critical temperature, greater than 132.22 °C and the result of which is passed through the drainage system, being soluble in water, resulting in the second phase NH3 (rev) + H2O (I) NH4+ (rev) + OH(rev) where the hydroxide of ammonium (NH4OH) is significantly less combustible compared to hydrogen (H2) and/or other combustible gases resulting from the explosion of one or more battery cells. 11. The electrical power system (EES) protection method is as follows: - the data acquisition and control system (CS) receives at least a critical value from the data detection and transmission system (146) and/or the state of state of charge (SOC) / state of discharge (SOD) / state of health (SOF) from BMS; - the data acquisition and control system (CS) executes the activation of the controlled prevention device (PAC) and primes the controlled anti-fire device (EAC), upon receiving a previously mentioned critical value; - when priming the controlled fire prevention device (EAC), the pressure and level of the liquid fire prevention substance between the two vessels (108) and (110) are equalized; - the control system (CS) opens the circuit of the controlled prevention device (PAC) and the inert gas (101) propels the rod actuator piston (141) from the actuation cylinder (142) which opens the smoke hatches (122) and (128) and injects propellant inert gas (101) in the compartment of the battery cell module to push and replace the oxygen inside, simultaneously with its suction; - the control system (CS) after opening the hatches, executes the intermittent action of injecting the propellant inert gas (101), to conserve its resources, keeping the module enclosure without oxygen and at low temperature, and to mitigate the thermal propagation from the compromised cell to the other cells in the module; - the system executes pulse modulation (PWM) commands to the absorbent vacuum (125) to match the positive pressure released through the ports (143a, 143b, 143c), balanced to the negative suction pressure from the main suction column of the battery modules (152 ) preferably in real time, throughout the process; - in the situation where a battery cell discharges, the pressure wave is detected by the detection system of claim 8, which transmits this data in real time to the control system, which in turn executes the opening (EAC) simultaneously with the circuit dedicated to the module of affected batteries; - the extinguishing agent mixture is injected at the fuel source directly into the affected battery module; - the resulting gases are channeled through (152), to the outside of the container through the exhaust device (149), to the drainage system (145), where the chemical reaction from claim 10, phase 2 will take place, transforming them into a form with significantly reduced flammability to eliminate the risk of propagation from one (EES) to another and protect the environment; - in case of exhaustion of the resources of the controlled fire protection device (EAC), if the risk of fire is not completely eliminated, (EES) can be filled and/or flooded with water, through the firemen's entrance (131) flooding through the evacuation device with reversible function of flooding (153), the water reaching all the battery modules through (147) thus ensuring the complete extinction of a possible fire.