RO130717A2 - Variable inductor with negative slope - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a variable inductor with negative slope meant to be applied in the field of electrical engineering and electronics in order to carry out an inductance with minimal or zero loss in the magnetic circuit manufactured of soft ferromagnetic materials. According to the invention, the variable inductor with negative slope consists of two overlapped magnetic circuits as hollow tori, made of two pieces having two circular crowns (C, C) whose surfaces are equal and three windings, of which two windings, located inside the tori, wherethrough the current passes in two opposite directions, form the winding of the inductor and the third winding, located outside, on both tori, along the entire length, wherethrough the direct current passes, for polarization at induction values higher than the saturation state.

Description

It refers to the electromechanical technical world, especially to the electroelectric one for the realization of indices with minimal losses or classrooms in the magnetic circuit made of my ferremagnetic materials

Get the current meme, inductances made with magnetic circuits made of my ferramagnetic materials (metallic or ferrite) have large losses at appreciable magnetic fields

They occur due to the following causes: a / losses due to turbulence current - Fuee eurens - only to metal circuits b / losses due to the induction increase to much higher values than valeriler dia linear increase of induction B with magnetic field H, or magnetic permeability} 3 . = B / H ^ instantaneously.

Dia the characteristic BH in static regime - the first magnetization curve - it turns out that the small-valence induction of the magnetic field H increases linearly (the drawing in Fig. 1 - the dotted line), after which the growth slope ^ B / ^ H is very large up to H _g - the saturation input field.

The first magnetization curve has the same pattern for my ferromagnetic materials. There is no known mathematician which represents the characteristic of BH. It arose experimentally on the basis of which scientific analyzes are made

The magnetic permeability jx = B / H shown in the drawing in Fig. 2 (dashed line) for the field is cenetant (initial permeability) and then increases to a maximum upon entering saturation. At higher values of the field it decreases slowly. The object of the invention is to make my ferremagnetic materials a circuit whose initial magnetic permeability is high and then at the increase of the magnetic field H the fog decreases. The magnetic flux of such a circuit summed with the magnetic flux of a nermal circuit results in a magnetic flux increased linearly with the magnetic field H · Such an electromagnetic assembly «having zero losses, up to saturation fields.

Now on the medal are the ferrites. The research in the future presents huge quarters for the collection of materials with periabiliλ-2 Ο 14 - - 001392 I -12- 20U

- * Big initial goal, and the technologists are striving to have circuits as large as possible.

Electricity tests its farms, is governed by the system ie Mexwell equations: a / E = - dH / dt b / rst H * = £, d * E? Dt

The electric field E or magnetic H is a whirlwind; mu has a beginning, a mu has an end, it has meaning. It can only be laid out for a plan. At a point in the plane a vector is attached to me, the millet, direction and signal.

From the first Mexwell equation, it turns out that a variable magnetic field H creates an electric field E in the perpendicular plane and is said to be the electric field that generated it.

The function retH gives the sense of the whirlpool H on which the + - sign of the electric head E depends

An inductance is an electromagnetic device closed by a closed magnetic circuit over which it is wound. In order to minimize the influence of the electric field on the induction level, the magnetic magnetic circuits are made from them. In the case of ferriteler, where the resistance in the sentient current tends to infinity the influence on the induction is zero

At the inductance calves we find the applied voltage, the aforementioned voltage, which is the applied voltage and the electric current that creates magnetic field H variations, variable magnetic induction. When the induction increases more than the value of a linear increase, the self-induced voltage is higher than the applied voltage and the current decreases (lags behind).

In a dynamic regime, there is equality, a balance between what gives them tension - the cycle of hydterezis appears (retraining behind

The technical preamble on which to solve the invention, as in realizing the inductance with slope dL / dl to be negative. This inductance connected in series with e inductance I the slope (with losses), will result is inductance without losses, because the flow sum magnetic gives a magnetic flux that increases linearly with the electric current. This applies to current I tending toward the gauze, up to the saturation input valleys.

In the matter concerning the cemeteration of my ferremagnetic material in perpendicular magnetic fields, practically nothing was published. Some attempts were celebrated, but it was not completed in astonishment.

c \ - 2 O U - - 0 0 1 3 9 2 '-02- 2014

- 3 Suppose that r «ffoiîw-vrreWTe 'of a magawt circuit ± B» rtr' · * - is subjected to two perpendicular magnetic fields. A magnetic field H ^ in the longitudinal plane L of the magnetic circuit and also a field Hp in the perpendicular plane Je Jaagitudinal plane L Fig. 3. By the vector summation of the two fields, a resulting field H ^ appears whose mode is | ΗΙ ' = \ / η ^ * · Ηρ and the argument «<= arc tg H _f / Hl. If H _u = const. and variable H _F , the neighbor Hjț will rotate clockwise.

In the direction of the field H _ft , an induction B ^ with the variable mode and the oC argument appears. _Tert induction B increases with the default H _p. In the situation where [B [= const. , the projection Β _Λ on the plane P, Bp = Bț sin (arc tg H _p / H _u ) has a smaller increase than the increase Hp. Permeability ja? = Bp / Ηρ decreases with increasing H _P, ie d jUp / Hp

.. When designing non-linear magnetic devices (DMN), the idealized hysteresis cycle is used, for sheep the coercive fields are neglected, and the saturation is made suddenly. The induction from H = o to saturation increases linearly (Pig 4) · I »this situation the induction B = juH, + (Η * -H _e ). In our case the induction B ^ = (jx -jn _$ ')' R + ρΆ _η according to the drawing in Pig 3 its projection on the plane P is B, = B _x sin «= f (yu -ju _s ) H _f + ji ₅ Hr) Hp / yH'f + H ^ Bp = (jH SS ---. + Ju _y Hp Similar in plane L, \ | H ^ + H _{F ++ ++ Ml}

It is stated that the inductions in the mathematical planes of two variables K and Hp.

P and L are a function

By definition jx = B / H is permeability in static regime u = dB / «LH is permeability in dynamic regime, They are te &

so different.

For the general derivatives of dBp / dH derivative of a p, dBp / dH _u , I will not use the rule

4. v ./u vi * 'b ~ aB' ratio X = a / b, X '---- tx— _c and the derivative of the product between the numerator and the mummifier at negative power, as it may make computational errors,

B,) H, ιφί, + φ- ¹⁷ ro H - - o 0 13 9 _ ^{2 f} -02- 20N

3 + ^) - 5.211, + ^ --- 4 ^ / «Η, = 6 ^) Η [(Η * + 1ζ) -5 -H ¹ ,»? + Hț,) - 5] + 4Βρ / 4Η, == (μ-μ) Ho ((Hț + H ^) 5 (Η ^ ίΗ,) ¹ -Hp (B, + H _p ) 'I) + p, dB / iH = ( _r ^) H, - + _?

Permeability is reversible permeability at the static operating point of the magnetic circuit.

Returning to the drawing in Fig. 1, as the operating point is at fields H greater than the saturation input, the permeability decreases much more the ability ^ = B / H.

As in reality u ^ fi, the derivative ma _: iB / Η,. _Pp = (pp. Is truncated, proper to the plane P.

The derivative dB ^ / dH ^ is the coupling permeability of the plane L on the plane P- fi _Lț ,

By similar calculations for the permeability u we get LP g to the formula;

U = - (u-U) H

An induction B _M is the magnetic flux ^ur} Tea surface of variable plane according to two fields P.Este H _L and H _p. The time-varying magnetic flux creates an electric field E perpendicular to the variable magnetic field that produced it.

The electric field generated by the induction B _p is E _T p

E _Tp = dBp / dHp .IHp / dt + <B _r / dH _t . dH _t / dt = E _F + E _ur

The electric field E _p is perpendicular to the field H _p is in the plane L. The Epeste field perpendicular to the magnetic field H _L is in the plane P, coplanar with the field

By similar calculations for

faster than permedB _p / dH _p acquires permeability iaH _p plane L

A- '

the permeability intrinsic to the plane L the permeability coupling of the plane P to L

Λ * 2 Ο 14 - - 0 0 1 3 9 2 ¹ -02- 2014

The electric field of the induction-related father B ^ eÎte K _L = d ^ / dH _k .dH ^ dt + dB _p / dHp .dH _r / dt = E _U + E _pt

The Eleate field perpendicular to the field is in. plane P, and the electric field E _{p £} _ is in the plane perpendicular to H _p, ie plane L. It is eplanar with the field H _u.

The electric meats in those planes L and P close a system of differential equations with (1) (IM)

AD *. x ir J

A growing inductance has the L = jiV.N * / l * formula, in which ji is the permeability of the ferromagnetic material, V is the world of the magnetic circuit, N is the number of coils of the winding and 1 is the average length of the magnetic flux.

At inductance _{; A} n © L · ^ and L ^ in coupling K, inductance ·

If we make the amount of permeability from the two plans,

it turns out that the inductances in the Czech plane are in the coupling K = -1

The fields give perpendicular fields if they are on the farm

Hp = H «jsinwtși H _u = Hc» s «t - offset by 9» ° - things are simplified.

The first equation in the system if we multiply by Hp, it results;

Pradusul = - H _v jȘdHu x ir '

Λ 2 O U - - 0 0 1 3 9 2 '-02- 2014

- 6 E .. = (u-u) H »/ H --- 1 -..----.

⁹ e »s \? T + sin'w #

H _p = Hsiatut-, dH _p / dt = 4Hciswt iHp - -ÎF © · 8 ^Λ αι6 + sia'twt '= i

cmHcb su »t

Eț, = (ji-ja ^) H _d <vc «s«> t

The conclusion is that the induction) H _fc as a vector, is unifermally raised with the angular velocity <* J = censt.

The magnetic circuit capable of operating in perpendicular magnetic fields must be closed at its first mass in perpendicular® planes.

A fr u r accustomed to a coil with N _t turns in its exterior, ie in its length, when passing an electric current I _t creates a magnetic field H _{u in the} plane L, The size, intensely tat, the field is H, = NI / 1, where 1, is the average length of the magnetic flux. This tar if it is yellow in the interior seen in section on diameter, it is closed by its mass and in plane P perpendicular to plane L. A winding with N ^ spire placed i and IM ® to the tar, creates a magnetic field H _p when passing a current Ip whose intensity is H _p = NpI / l _p

In a yellow tar in the interior (tar below the pipe farm) the fairing (wall) of the tar is subjected to the fields perpendicular to H _L and H _p.

Two pieces made of ferrite canfarm to the drawing of Fig5 placed face to face, make a t »r gal in the interior.

Part of ^the re Deua Pig 5 caraane căr®r circular surfaces C and C must be equal <> Fairy AB is curved between the dauă racardare zaua the circular Ceriani. Is this necessary for the unifarm distribution of the field H _? in the length of the flow line. Eyte required to be respected again type J ^ fu ^ gr, r = (0 * -0,) / 4, R = (¢, .- ¢,) / 4

In order for the reluctance of the celsr joint fairing to produce parts to be minimal, it is necessary that the surfaces of Celsr C _t and C _# should be polished to a high degree of finish.

Into the. the situation in which the field H _t = c®nst. (dHj / âlt = ®) the system is differential equations (1) E _5p and Floor f »rma · ^ 2014-- 00135“ ¹ -02- 2014

It follows that; 1 / the two. E fields - the field

The electric TP specific to the P plane and the electric coupling field of the P plane to the L plane, both in the L plane p / the intrinsic permeability-own of the P plane, decreases with the increase of the H field, 3 / The direction of the coupling field E _rt depends on the plane sκ + - II _p

Suppose we have two magnetic circuits a and b identical in material, shape and geometric dimensions, two. t®3? superimposed rivers, according to the drawing in Fig. 6

In each torus, inside it is placed the number of windings with equal number of turns.

Each torus in the outside is made with each »winding with the same number of turns

After each one has mated, the bulls sit on top of each other. Across both towers on the outside, there are 9 coils for coil polarization with the creation of the constant magnetic head H _L , through the electric current c 9 p 9 at the winding.

When connecting a sine signal given by a generated one to the windings in the plane P connected in series and the zero polarization curve, U _Udu = U _uV = U, When the pay current created a magnetic field H, greater than the input field in saturation, stresses appear indusfc in the plane L such that Ula -'JIb because rotH = ™ rstHp _b . In the polarization winding the induced voltage is equal to whey ». The polarization power is equal to the power dissipated on the DC resistance of the winding. however, this winding induces two equal and opposite voltages, so that the total induced voltage is equal to zero. The voltages U _{ua <} and U _lfc are sinusoidal of double frequency with respect to the frequency of the input signal. _Ue Νιλ .and thus connected in series to sum the voltages îneât connects a KI rozisΛ 2 O 1 4 - - ¹ 001 392 2014 -02-

-steuetl ^ adjustable R. *. · a current appears J ^ -Jja-.a same time - if • J s on escilsscsp visualize the characteristic B H is observed

P P that the coercive fields ® increase with the increase of the current ie load. The losses in the windings in plan P increase. Basically, the current I on the inductance of the actuator pairs is like the turbulent currents, but controlled by the load resistance R.

s

For the operation of the system to achieve invariant variable with negative slope, it is necessary. to have the inside of the turrets and the winding of the rai and the nf ăș u rations of the larynx.

the tetal electric field is:

H, DSM raot.r give gt _{> b} .

^E pt _s t ^{= (} h * ⁺ S "tet ® permeability. Permeability installs from du

Fpt.t “h ⁺ p; işW ^k A ^{2 (1î} * ^{+ H} f ^{) _5}

- 1 (H ² + H ² E>

and ψ _ρ / (3Η _ρ .Ιί _{ρ dimensioning} ] _ _es t _e • ² S

P 5 'r ² (H ² + H ²⁾ ) 2 _Z 3H ² g ² (H ² + H ² ) ² / * pt3t A

F _? t »t te2) -3H2 (H2 _{+ H} 2) (λ- 2 Ο Η - - Ο Ο 1 3 9 - 39 ¹ -02- 2014 '

Ί

Inăucţi

2/

7— β 7 '· ρ ^χ1 P

TSi </

3/

P erm her?., B 11 i tat it totally electric and which is s V r _Pt8 t ^{v îj2} A ^{2 U} ptS t vu] _a bl at $ pt st determined on the basis of the field for the calculation of inductances K)

VT JkW - 2Hr ² ) _In a single magnetic field, all the other values: p. _T c in stants · From the formulas it is not possible to split the magnetic field constant H on the correlation parameters between them. For this, the formulas will be in function of a που / the values resulting from the calculation because they now have the influence,

- ·%

H _u ^{P L} pt9t ~ ^ ptet * ^K

All formulas of skillful grinding and a constant magnetic H,.

, H _a , N, l, K are changeable. Due to the influence of field n and eventualities

P P f I will proceed; a / All variable door Η / Η, = X

P ⁴ I will refer to the initial values, for H ^ we are not interested in their absolute values, the variation of the parameters according to the variable X = - £ ^H u above have a

Ti

In this situation ;

/ v </> - Ps'-sr

B χ ^L p _ ¹

S. ' ϋτϊΓχηΐ- ^E p. '

The functions above are calculated and graphically raised in the same Cartesian cd »- drawing in Fig. 7 Characteristic u / u I have checked-® experimental. Neither H / H _and PP® €

X s 2 we obtained the value of », 1 compared to the theoretical value

- L9 ^ -2014-- OD 1 3 Q 2 ¹ -02- 20Î4 ie ·, · θ by series and small signal differentance »val®ri for H = can · ·, -L connected to the calector of a p P transistor- . The pharma of the characteristic B ^ am © bșint-® on ®scil®scsp. The Li feature I abstained only by calculation.

P not

On the right, the dotted line in Fig. 7 represents B if it had s linear increase with X implicitly with H. slow compared to the maximum salt wave. Car-scteristica for indubtance. L '/ L from the 1-day wrapper has ere continuous age scales to zero Ια X = 1Z- / 2 * after which it becomes real negative. At first sight, it is impassive, the current science does not have negative inductance and yet it is true; I-iductance is the electromagnetic device that induces an electric current, in the magnetic circuit, the increasing induction with the increase of the electric current.

to

The maximum variation salt wave of zero flow, induction rapertul ΔΒ / _άΗ ν = e

PPP the inductance does not paste to be XKixx but zero. After the maximum value of the induction, the induction decreases slowly at the increase of X, the variation "fluxes them negative from where the inductance does not p®" will be only negative. Valearea nţei maximum negative _inducible IV3 is X / 2. The inductance has critical points at X = 1 // Γ when it is equal to zero and at X ~ where the inductance has ® maximum negative wave.

They depend only on the ratio of magnetic fields

Hp field variable in time and a H _u gabil. The field adjusts H _u if var critical points in tpmp be constant values, but the higher resume, my ri me. The slopes t ut ur®r parametr »r against the current I will decrease and your panel dL_ / dI_ will wobble. Variable slope inductance deny you, it has adjustable slope.

V 2 OU- - 001392 ¹ -02- 20J4

Claims (6)

The invention - Variable inductance with negative slope characterized in that: 1 / Iserial with a normal inductance with losses, without being in magnetic coupling, creates a total inductance without losses from the field H dyed to zero to H to turn empty. its mass in two planes perpendicular. P »operated with two magnetic fields perpendicular to the coupling coefficient K = -1 3 / In the direction of the magnetic field resulting from the vector summation of two perpendicular magnetic fields, it appears · induction with the constant practical mode and variable projections in the plane of the fields when the resulting magnetic field is greater than the saturation field of the ferramagnetic material · 4 / The constant magnetic field greater than the saturation field in the perpendicular plane causes the intrinsic permeability to have a negative slope. 5 / In the planes perpendicular to variable magnetic fields they appear in each: intrinsic permeability (for the plane) and coupling permeability of the other plane. 6 / The intrinsic reactive power from one plane, transforms into act power with the same mode in the plane perpendicular to 'but ONLY on the coupling side. By extracting the active power, losses appear in the other plane.It is canceled with induction. negative slope.