RO125317A2 - Dike overraising process - Google Patents

Dike overraising process Download PDF

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Publication number
RO125317A2
RO125317A2 ROA200800927A RO200800927A RO125317A2 RO 125317 A2 RO125317 A2 RO 125317A2 RO A200800927 A ROA200800927 A RO A200800927A RO 200800927 A RO200800927 A RO 200800927A RO 125317 A2 RO125317 A2 RO 125317A2
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RO
Romania
Prior art keywords
breastwork
dike
parapet
bolts
segments
Prior art date
Application number
ROA200800927A
Other languages
Romanian (ro)
Inventor
Mihai Tonu
Original Assignee
Mihai Tonu
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mihai Tonu filed Critical Mihai Tonu
Priority to ROA200800927A priority Critical patent/RO125317A2/en
Publication of RO125317A2 publication Critical patent/RO125317A2/en

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Abstract

The invention relates to a process for overraising dikes meant to be used in the areas periodically exposed to the effects of the floods, where the river and stream discharges exceed their normal levels in extreme situations. According to the invention, the process consists in that, in a first operation, a continuous breastwork at the top side of the dike is carried out, said breastwork being formed from some inverse T-shaped breastwork segments, comprising a vertical wall (A) and a lower base (B), provided with some horizontal T-shaped vertical grooves (a) on its lateral sides, wherein there are inserted some H-shaped joining wedges (1) playing the role of coupling and aligning the breastwork segments which will form the continuous breastwork, the following operation being the introduction of some plates (2) at the base of the breastwork segment, said plates having also a role of aligning and suppressing the displacement on the vertical, and, in a last operation, some bolts (3) are introduced, the bolts passing through some holes (c and d) in the base segment, the bolts (3) being sharp and long penetrate through the orifices (c) and being pushed forcibly into the dike body, thereby the strengthening and the fastening-securing of the entire breastwork on the upper side of the dike being carried out.

Description

Procedeu de suprainaltare diguriDam lifting procedure

Invenția se refera la un procedeu de suprainaltare a digurilor expuse periodic efectelor inundațiilor ale căror debite depășesc cu mult debitele normale in situatii extreme. Ca o consecința, nivelul apelor depășește cu mult înălțimea digurilor. Este vorba de inundații catastrofale, ape staționare cu mult peste inalțimea actuala a digurilor, viituri, rezultate in urma ploilor torențiale. Noul procedeu propus in prezenta invenție este benefic si in zonele de coasta unde valurile mareice se combina cu valurile provocate de furtuna, provocând distrugerea digurilor. Este cunoscut faptul ca datorita schimbărilor climatice din ultima perioadă, dimensiunile digurilor construite până in prezent, nu mai corespund. Se știe că partea cea mai vulnerabila a digului este partea superioară (creasta digului). In cazul in care cotele de inundație depasesc inalțimea digului, partea superioară (creasta) este spălată de viitură, ducând imediat la distrugerea digului si ca o consecință, inundarea suprafețelor de teren din spatele digului. In prezent, in scop de protecție, se suprainalțâ digul cu material de umplutura, balast, tasat cu unelte mai mult sau mai puțin improvizate sau se folosesc saci umpluti cu nisip. Se mai procedează si la acoperirea acestor saci cu material geotextil. Or, in acest din urma caz, apele staționare, găsesc interstiții prin care se infiltrează si in cele din urmă duc la erodarea digului in partea superioara.The invention relates to a process for the uplift of dams periodically exposed to the effects of floods whose flows far exceed the normal flows in extreme situations. As a consequence, the water level far exceeds the height of the dams. These are catastrophic floods, stagnant waters well above the current height of the dams, floods, resulting from torrential rains. The new process proposed in the present invention is also beneficial in coastal areas where tidal waves combine with storm-induced waves, causing the destruction of dams. It is known that due to recent climate change, the size of the dams built so far no longer match. It is known that the most vulnerable part of the dam is the upper part (the ridge of the dam). If the flood levels exceed the height of the dam, the upper part (ridge) is washed away by the flood, leading immediately to the destruction of the dam and as a consequence, the flooding of the land behind the dam. Currently, for protection purposes, the dam is raised with filling material, ballast, compacted with more or less improvised tools or sand-filled bags are used. These bags are also covered with geotextile. Or, in the latter case, the stationary waters find interstices through which they infiltrate and finally lead to the erosion of the dam in the upper part.

S-a mai procedat la săparea unui sânt in partea superioară a digului si construirea unui parapet de beton armat. Nici aceasta soluție nu este eficienta, exemplu: digul care protejează orașul New Orleans (S.U.A.) a fost periodic distrus de uraganele venite dinspre ocean.A trench was also dug in the upper part of the dam and a reinforced concrete parapet was built. This solution is not effective either, for example: the dam that protects the city of New Orleans (USA) has been periodically destroyed by hurricanes coming from the ocean.

Noul procedeu elimină toate aceste deficiențe. Se realizează un parapet construit pe partea superioară a digului, compus din elemente prefabricate pe care le denumim segmente-parapet îmbinate. Se dă in continuare un exemplu de realizare a invenției, in legătură cu figurile 1, 2, 3 si 4. Fig.l - vedere tridimensionala a unui parapet. Fig.2 - vedere a plăcilor de aliniere in plan vertical. Fig.3 - vedere de sus a unui segment-parapet. Fig.4 - vedere din profil (secțiune) precum si fixarea parapetului in dig. Prin procedeul conform invenției, se crează un parapet superior continuu, format din segmente-parapet conf. fig.(l). Segmentul parapet este din beton (beton-armat) realizat prin turnare, având o forma de T inversat (X). Dimensiunile sunt in funcție de situația existentă, transport, manipulare, etc. Este compus cum am menționat in forma de T inversat - un perete vertical A si o parte inferioara B (talpa) - conf. fig.(l). Tot in fig.l, se poate vedea că pe părțile laterale sunt practicate (din turnare) pe ambele părți două canale (a) in forma de T orizontal ( ). Aceste canale sunt simetrice fiind necesare pentru îmbinarea blocurilor segment-parapet prin pene de îmbinare in forma de Η (1), asa cum se vede in fig.(3). Aceste pene de îmbinare aliniază in plan orizontal toateThe new procedure eliminates all these shortcomings. A parapet built on the upper part of the dam is made, composed of prefabricated elements that we call joined-parapet segments. An embodiment of the invention is given below in connection with Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4. Fig. 1 - three-dimensional view of a parapet. Fig.2 - view of the alignment plates in vertical plane. Fig.3 - top view of a parapet segment. Fig.4 - profile view (section) as well as fixing the parapet in the dike. By the process according to the invention, a continuous upper parapet is created, consisting of segments-parapet according to fig. (L). The parapet segment is made of concrete (reinforced concrete) made by casting, having an inverted T shape (X). The dimensions depend on the existing situation, transport, handling, etc. It is composed as mentioned in the shape of an inverted T - a vertical wall A and a lower part B (sole) - according to fig. (L). Also in Fig. 1, it can be seen that on the sides are practiced (from casting) on both sides two channels (a) in the shape of a horizontal T (). These channels are symmetrical, being necessary for the joining of the segment-parapet blocks through p-shaped joint wedges (1), as shown in fig. (3). These joint wedges all line up horizontally

(Λ- 2 Ο Ο 8 Ο Ο 9 2 7(Λ- 2 Ο Ο 8 Ο Ο 9 2 7

5 -11- 2008 segmentele-parapet care formează parapetul continuu de proiecție. Pentru a limita și anula deplasarea pe verticală a acestor segmente (conf.fig.l), in talpa segmentului-parapet pe ambele părți sunt practicate două canale in care sunt introduse plăcile conf. fig.(2). Aceste placi sunt prevăzute cu orificii (d) care corespund cu alte orificii din “talpa” segmentului-parapet (c). In aceste orificii sunt introduse bolțuri-piton (3) de fixare conf. fig.(4). Lungimea bolțurilor-piton (3) este cu mult mai mare decât latimea tălpii B. Bolturile-piton sunt ascuțite si odată montate pentru fixarea plăcilor in canalul practicat, ele pătrund forțat in corpul digului. După cum se vede in fig.4, bolțurile (3) sunt ascuțite. Astfel prin montarea acestor piese de “puzzle”, segmentele-parapet sunt fixate si aliniate conferind parapetului principal liniar, caracterul de semi-monolit. De menționat că noile materiale supraelastice cu întărire rapidă izolante, permit aplicarea acestui procedeu. Materialele amintite se folosesc pentru etanșarea spatiilor dintre piesele componente (la montarea penelor de îmbinare in forma de H, 'bolțurilor-piton si plăcile de aliniere pe verticală). In caz de urgență, se poate folosi si clasicul bitum topit in amestec cu fibră de sticlă. Avantajele noului procedeu sunt: 1 - construcția parapetului liniar de protecție este foarte rapidă. 2 - segmentele componente ale parapetului continuu sunt prefabricate, pot fi trasportate cu ușurință la locul periclitat de inundație. 3 - se pot crea fabrici “de diguri” realizandu-se stocuri pentru cazuri de urgență. 4 - se elimină soluția de provizorat .(saci de nisip, pamant, etc.) S-a construit experimental pe o lungime de 10 metri un parapet suprapus pe un dig existent, concomitent cu realizarea unei protecții cu saci de nisip tot pe o lungime de 10 m in același loc expus inundațiilor. S-a constatat ca: 1 - realizarea protecției prin noul procedeu a fost cu aprox. 50% mai rapidă decât metoda veche (saci de nisip). 2-a fost durabila și definitivă, nu s-au infiltrat apele staționare provenite din inundație. 3 - ulterior s-au transportat materiale in spatele parapetului de protecție făcând aceasta construcție mult mai rezistentă. 4 parapetul realizat prin acest procedeu a fost bine ancorat - fixat de partea superioară a digului prin acele bolțuri-piton. 5 - in timp ce sacii cu nisip au fost in cele din urma “maturati” de inundație, ulterior digul fiind distrus in acel loc, modulele “segmente-parapet” au rezistat viiturilor, chiar si in situația când au intervenit si ploi torențiale.5 -11- 2008 the parapet segments that form the continuous projection parapet. In order to limit and cancel the vertical movement of these segments (conf.fig.l), in the sole of the parapet segment on both sides are practiced two channels in which the plates according to fig. (2) are inserted. These plates are provided with holes (d) that correspond to other holes in the "sole" of the parapet segment (c). Python bolts (3) for fixing according to fig. (4) are inserted in these holes. The length of the python bolts (3) is much longer than the width of the B foot. As shown in Fig. 4, the bolts (3) are sharp. Thus, by mounting these "puzzle" pieces, the parapet segments are fixed and aligned, giving the main linear parapet the character of a semi-monolith. It should be noted that the new super-elastic materials with fast curing insulation, allow the application of this process. The mentioned materials are used for sealing the spaces between the component parts (when mounting the H-shaped connecting feathers, the python bolts and the vertical alignment plates). In case of emergency, you can also use the classic melted bitumen mixed with fiberglass. The advantages of the new procedure are: 1 - the construction of the linear protection parapet is very fast. 2 - the component segments of the continuous parapet are prefabricated, they can be easily transported to the place endangered by flood. 3 - “dam” factories can be created by making stocks for emergencies. 4 - the temporary solution is eliminated (sandbags, earth, etc.) An overlapping parapet was built experimentally on a length of 10 meters on an existing dike, simultaneously with the realization of a protection with sandbags also on a length of 10 m in the same place exposed to floods. It was found that: 1 - the protection through the new procedure was approx. 50% faster than the old method (sandbags). 2-was durable and final, no standing water from the flood. 3 - later materials were transported behind the protective parapet making this construction much more resistant. 4 the parapet made by this procedure was well anchored - fixed to the upper part of the dam by those python bolts. 5 - while the sandbags were finally “swept away” by the flood, later the dam was destroyed in that place, the “parapet-segment” modules withstood the floods, even in the situation when torrential rains intervened.

Claims (1)

2 5 -li- 20082 5 -li- 2008 RevendicareClaim Procedeu de suprainaltare diguri, caracterizat prin aceea ca la partea superioara a digului se realizează un parapet de protecție continuu format din segmenti-parapet conf. Fig.l avand o forma de T inversat cu o parte verticala A si o talpa orizontala la baza B Fig.l îmbinate si fixate in plan orizontal prin pene de îmbinare (1) in forma de H Fig.3 introduse in canalele laterale (a) Fig.l si Fig.3, iar pentru alinierea in plan vertical sunt montate plăcile (2) in canalele orizontale (b) practicate in talpa B, mai departe plăcile amintite (2) sunt fixate definitiv prin orificiile (c) si (d) prin bolțurile (3) conf. Fig.4 iar datorita lungimii hoiturilor ascuțite se fixeaza întreaga structura in digul existent.Dam elevation process, characterized in that at the top of the dam a continuous protection parapet is made consisting of segments-parapet conf. Fig. 1 having an inverted T shape with a vertical part A and a horizontal sole at the base B Fig. .l joined and fixed horizontally by H-shaped joint wedges (1) Fig.3 inserted in the side channels (a) Fig.l and Fig.3, and for vertical alignment the plates (2) are mounted in the horizontal channels (b) made in sole B, further the mentioned plates (2) are fixed definitively through the holes (c) and (d) through the bolts (3) according to Fig. existing.
ROA200800927A 2008-11-25 2008-11-25 Dike overraising process RO125317A2 (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107964917A (en) * 2013-12-04 2018-04-27 丰和营造集团股份有限公司 A kind of water conservancy system

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107964917A (en) * 2013-12-04 2018-04-27 丰和营造集团股份有限公司 A kind of water conservancy system
CN107964917B (en) * 2013-12-04 2020-06-19 丰和营造集团股份有限公司 Water conservancy system

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