RO110002B1 - Preparation process of complex fertilizers of phosphate diamonium type - Google Patents
Preparation process of complex fertilizers of phosphate diamonium type Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- RO110002B1 RO110002B1 RO9401598A RO9401598A RO110002B1 RO 110002 B1 RO110002 B1 RO 110002B1 RO 9401598 A RO9401598 A RO 9401598A RO 9401598 A RO9401598 A RO 9401598A RO 110002 B1 RO110002 B1 RO 110002B1
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- RO
- Romania
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- complex fertilizers
- diamonium
- phosphate
- preparation process
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B11/00—Fertilisers produced by wet-treating or leaching raw materials either with acids in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solutions followed by neutralisation, or with alkaline lyes
- C05B11/04—Fertilisers produced by wet-treating or leaching raw materials either with acids in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solutions followed by neutralisation, or with alkaline lyes using mineral acid
- C05B11/08—Fertilisers produced by wet-treating or leaching raw materials either with acids in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solutions followed by neutralisation, or with alkaline lyes using mineral acid using sulfuric acid
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
Invenția de față se referă la un procedeu de obținere a îngrășămintelor complexe, de tip diamoniu fosfat, destinate fertilizării tuturor tipurilor de culturi și soluri, caracterizat prin aceea că masa de reacție, supusă amonizării, este formată din rocă fosfatică, acid sulfuric, un recirculat de reacție cu o compoziție de 35 ... 38% P2O, exces de sulfat de 10 ... 20 g/1, o densitate de 1,58 ... 1,65 g/cm3 și o temperatură de 95 ... 100°C.The present invention relates to a process for obtaining complex fertilizers, diammonium phosphate type, intended for the fertilization of all types of crops and soils, characterized by that that the reaction mass, subject to ammonization, is formed from phosphatic rock, sulfuric acid, a recirculated reaction with a composition of 35 ... 38% P2O, excess sulphate of 10 ... 20 g / 1, a density of 1.58 ... 1.65 g / cm3 and a temperature of 95 ... 100 ° C.
Description
Invenția de față se referă la un procedeu de obținere a îngrășămintelor complexe, de tip diamoniu fosfat, destinate fertilizării tuturor tipurilor de culturi și soluri.The present invention relates to a process for obtaining complex fertilizers, of diammonium phosphate type, for fertilizing all types of crops and soils.
Sunt cunoscute procedee de fabricare a îngrășămintelor complexe, care utilizează ca sursă de fosfor acidul fosfor ic.Processes for the manufacture of complex fertilizers, which use phosphoric acid as a source of phosphorus, are known.
Acidul fosforic poate fi obținut pe cale umedă prin procedee tehnologice de tip dihidrat sau hemihidrat.Phosphoric acid can be obtained in the wet by technological processes such as dihydrate or hemihydrate.
Procedeele menționate prezintă dezavantajul că produc o gamă sortimentală de îngrășăminte chimice, relativ limitată, necesitând, pentru diversificare, introducerea în compoziția acestora de compuși chimici, aduși din exteriorul instalației, situație în care procesele tehnologice devin complexe și implică costuri de exploatare ridicate.The mentioned processes have the disadvantage of producing a relatively limited assortment of chemical fertilizers, requiring, for diversification, the introduction into their composition of chemical compounds, brought from outside the plant, in which the technological processes become complex and involve high operating costs.
Procedeul conform invenției înlătură aceste dezavantaje, prin aceea că se atacă roca fosfatică cu acidul sulfuric, adăugând o parte din recirculat, la temperatura de 95 ... 100°C, la o densitate a pulpei de 1,58 ... 1,65 g/cm3, cu un exces de sulfat de 10 ... 20 g/1 și un conținut în P2O5 de 35 ... 38%, produsul fiind amonizat până la obținerea unor rapoarte molare dorite (1,5 ... 1,75) funcție de tipul de îngrășământ propus a fi realizat.The process according to the invention removes these disadvantages, by attacking the phosphatic rock with sulfuric acid, adding a part of the recirculated, at a temperature of 95 ... 100 ° C, at a density of the pulp of 1.58 ... 1.65 g / cm 3 , with an excess of sulphate of 10 ... 20 g / 1 and a P 2 O 5 content of 35 ... 38%, the product being harmonized until the desired molar ratios are obtained (1,5. 1,75) depending on the type of fertilizer proposed to be made.
Prin aplicarea acestei invenții, se obțin îngrășăminte complexe, în următoarele limite ale substanței active:By applying this invention, complex fertilizers are obtained, within the following limits of the active substance:
- azot 100 % = 10 + A/3;- 100% nitrogen = 10 + A / 3;
- P2O5 100% = 30 ± A; obținându-se următoarele avantaje:- P 2 O 5 100% = 30 ± A; obtaining the following advantages:
- reducerea cu aproximativ 50% a funcționării utilajelor și echipamentelor necesare în procedeele convenționale cunoscute (rămân în funcțiune parțial fazele de reacție și filtrare acid fosforic, oprindu-se fazele de măcinare și concentrare acid fosforic);- reducing by about 50% the operation of the necessary equipment and equipment in the known conventional processes (the reaction and filtration phases of phosphoric acid are partially in operation, the grinding and concentration of phosphoric acid are stopped);
- reducerea consumurilor de utilități și energie (apă recirculată, abur, combustibil, energie electrică);- reducing utility and energy consumption (recirculated water, steam, fuel, electricity);
- reducerea cheltuielilor cu întreținerea și funcționarea utilajelor, dat fiind nefuncționarea fazelor menționate.- the reduction of the expenses with the maintenance and operation of the machines, given the failure of the mentioned phases.
Se dă, în continuare, un exemplu de realizare a invenției, în legătură cu figura, care reprezintă schema fluxului tehnologic.The following is an example of an embodiment of the invention, in connection with the figure, which represents the flow diagram of the technology.
Roca fosfatică este alimentată împreună cu acid sulfuric, alături de recirculat întrun reactor 1, din care o parte este transportată cu o pompă 2 într-un reactor 3 unde, în pre2 zența apei, se realizează recristal izarea fosfogipsului, de la forma hemihidrat la dihidrat.The phosphatic rock is fed together with sulfuric acid, together with recirculated in a reactor 1, from which a part is transported by a pump 2 in a reactor 3 where, in the presence of water, the phosphogips formation from the form of hemihydrate to dihydrate is carried out. .
Apoi, masa de reacție este trecută cu ajutorul unor pompe 4 la filtrare 6, unde acidul fosforic este separat de dihidrat, putând fi dirijat spre reactorul 1 sau spre un vas tampon 7, de unde, cu niște pompe 8, poate fi returnat tot la reactorul 1, funcție de cerințe, iar cantitatea mică de dihidrat rezultată la filtrare se evacuează din instalație.Then, the reaction mass is passed through the pumps 4 to the filtration 6, where the phosphoric acid is separated from the dihydrate, it can be directed to the reactor 1 or to a buffer vessel 7, where, with some pumps 8, it can also be returned to reactor 1, depending on the requirements, and the small amount of dihydrate resulting in the filtration is discharged from the plant.
Amestecul de reacție, rezultat în reactorul 1, la temperatura de 95 ... 100°C, compus din acid fosforic 35 ... 38% P2O5 și fosfogips, la un conțin de sulfat de 10 ... 20 g/1, cu o densitate a pulpei de 1,58 ... 1,65, este transportat cu niște pompe 5 la fabricarea îngrășămintelor complexe, în niște vase de neutralizare 9, unde temperatura este de 102 ... 106°C, în care se introduce și amoniac, până la limita dorită a raportului molar azotfosfor, de 1,5 ... 1,75, funcție de sortul dorit de îngrășământ.The reaction mixture, resulting in reactor 1, at a temperature of 95 ... 100 ° C, composed of phosphoric acid 35 ... 38% P 2 O 5 and phosphogips, with a sulphate content of 10 ... 20 g / 1, with a pulp density of 1.58 ... 1.65, is transported with pumps 5 for the manufacture of complex fertilizers, in neutralization vessels 9, where the temperature is 102 ... 106 ° C, in which ammonia is introduced, up to the desired limit of the molar ratio azotphosphorus, of 1,5 ... 1,75, depending on the desired type of fertilizer.
Din vasele de neutralizare 9, masa de reacție fluidă este trecută într-un uscătorgranulator, tip sferodizer 11, în care regimul termic este de 360 ... 380°C la intrare și 70 ... 80°C la ieșire, de unde produsul solid obținut, cu un conținut de azot de 10 + a/3 și P2O5 de 30 ± A, este transportat prin intermediul unui elevator 12 la sistemul de sortare, cântărire, refuzurile de îngrășământ fiind returnate la granulare.From the neutralization vessels 9, the fluid reaction mass is passed into a granulator dryer, spherodizer type 11, in which the thermal regime is 360 ... 380 ° C at the inlet and 70 ... 80 ° C at the outlet, where the product The solid obtained, with a nitrogen content of 10 + a / 3 and P 2 O 5 of 30 ± A, is transported by means of an elevator 12 to the sorting, weighing system, the fertilizer refusals being returned to granulation.
Din punct de vedere ecologic, nu se elimină ape chimic impure.From an ecological point of view, no chemically impure water is removed.
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
RO9401598A RO110002B1 (en) | 1994-09-30 | 1994-09-30 | Preparation process of complex fertilizers of phosphate diamonium type |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
RO9401598A RO110002B1 (en) | 1994-09-30 | 1994-09-30 | Preparation process of complex fertilizers of phosphate diamonium type |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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RO110002B1 true RO110002B1 (en) | 1995-08-30 |
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Family Applications (1)
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RO9401598A RO110002B1 (en) | 1994-09-30 | 1994-09-30 | Preparation process of complex fertilizers of phosphate diamonium type |
Country Status (1)
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RO (1) | RO110002B1 (en) |
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1994
- 1994-09-30 RO RO9401598A patent/RO110002B1/en unknown
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