PT108904A - FORMULATIONS OF CORGIUM MORTAR FREE OF DENSED AGGREGATES - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to formulations of cork-based mahogany free of dense aggregates, as well as to argambass comprising the mentioned formulations and the use of the mussels. The ARGAMASS FORMULATION OF THE INVENTION CONSISTS OF: A) 59 TO 66% OF LIGANTS; B) 8 TO 16% OF CORK MATERIAL; C) 9 TO 21% OF SELECTED MATERIAL OF THE GROUP CONSISTING OF ESFOLIED VERMICULITE, EXPANDED PERLITE, EXPANDED GLASS AND THEIR COMBINATIONS; AND D) 1 TO 22% OF ADDITIVES. THE INVENTION MEETS APPLICATION IN THE CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY, ESPECIALLY IN THE MAINTENANCE AND CONSTRUCTION OF BUILDINGS, BEING THAT ITS COMPOSITION IS FREE OF DENSITY AGGREGATES, FOR EXAMPLE SAND.

Description

DESCRIPTION

"FORMULATIONS OF ARGAMASSA FROM CORK AREA NOT RELATED TO DENSITY AGGREGATES"

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to cork-based mortar formulations free of dense aggregates. The invention further relates to mortars comprising said formulations and the applications of these mortars. The invention finds application in the construction industry, namely in the maintenance and construction of buildings, its composition being free of dense aggregates, for example silica and calcium carbonate.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Traditional mortars have high volume masses (between 1400 and 1800 kg / m3) and have a negative contribution in terms of contribution to thermal and acoustic insulation. Patent application PT 103641 discloses a mortar consisting of aerial lime, cork, pozzolans, sand and fibers and uses cork plates to achieve the stated levels of thermal insulation. PT 105937 relates to a lightweight mortar composed of limestone or siliceous aggregate, Portland cement, cork granulate, calcium or magnesium hydroxide and other components. However, in their formulation are present and dense aggregates are required. The patent application FR 2681856 discloses cellular mortars for acoustic insulation based on cork granulate, synthetic resin and a mineral material, for example bentonite.

In "Development of coatings mortars with improved thermal behavior", Márcio Leal, thesis to obtain the degree of Master, Polytechnic Institute of Setúbal, 2012, mortars are disclosed coating with thermal behavior, with a cement-based binder and granulate of cork or with expanded polystyrene, having in its constitution about 20% of dense aggregate. PT 107173 discloses a mortar consisting of hydraulic lime, cork, dense siliceous aggregates and superplasticizer. This formulation does not exclude dense aggregates. The incorporation of dense aggregates in the mortars has the function of providing dimensional stability to the mortar, with repercussions mainly in the reduction of retraction and cracking. These dense aggregates give their mortars lower performances with respect to their thermal efficiency.

There is a need in the art for a light mortar with a low thermal coefficient and a good acoustic absorption in the bass range, which allows to avoid the use of dense aggregates in its formulation and to provide a greater versatility in the application.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to cork based mortar formulations characterized in that they consist of: a) 59 to 66% of binders; b) 8 to 16% of cork material; c) 9 to 21% of material selected from the group consisting of exfoliated vermiculite, expanded perlite, expanded glass and combinations thereof; and d) 1 to 22% of additives.

Preferably, the binders are selected from the group consisting of hydrated aerated lime, natural hydraulic lime, hydraulic lime, Portland cement, natural cement and combinations thereof.

In another embodiment of the invention, the cork material is granulated from cork or expanded cork granulate or a combination of cork granulate with expanded cork granulate.

In yet another embodiment, the additives are selected from the group consisting of the thickening additive, adhesive and cohesive additive, hydraulic additive, moisture retentive additive, plasticizer additive, hydrophobic additive, biocidal additive and additive accelerator of prey and combinations thereof.

In one embodiment, the mortar formulations consist of: a) 60 to 63% of binders; b) 8 to 10% of cork material; c) 9 to 13% of material selected from the group consisting of exfoliated vermiculite, expanded perlite, expanded glass and combinations thereof; and d) 15 to 22% of additives.

In a preferred embodiment, the mortar formulation consists of: a) 63.0% natural hydraulic lime; b) 9.7% of expanded cork granulate; c) 5.3% exfoliated vermiculite and 5.1% expanded perlite; and d) 0.6% thickening additive, 11.6% hydraulic additive, 2.9% moisture retentive additive, 0.8% plasticizing additive and 1.0% hydrophobic additive.

In another preferred embodiment, the mortar formulation consists of: a) 4.3% hydrated aerated lime, 55.2% natural hydraulic lime and 6.1% natural cement; b) 8.4% of expanded cork granulate; c) 6.2% exfoliated vermiculite, and 3.3% perlite; ed) 0.5% thickening additive, 10.8% hydraulic additive, 2.7% moisture retentive additive, 0.7% plasticizing additive, 0.9% hydrophobic additive and 0.9% additive biocide.

In yet another preferred embodiment, the mortar formulation consists of: a) 62.4% hydrated aerated lime; b) 8.1% of cork granulate; c) 5.2% exfoliated vermiculite and 7.4% expanded perlite; and d) 0.6% thickening additive, 11.6% hydraulic additive, 2.9% moisture retentive additive, 0.8% plasticizing additive, and 1.0% hydrophobic additive.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, the mortar formulation consists of: a) 62.0% Portland cement; b) 6.4% of cork granulate and 9.0% of expanded cork granulate; c) 1.8% exfoliated vermiculite and 19.0% expanded glass; and c) 0.8% of plasticizing additive and 1.0% of hydrophobic additive.

In a most preferred embodiment, the mortar formulation consists of: a) 46.3% hydraulic lime and 13.3% natural cement; b) 1.3% of cork granulate and 7.9% of expanded cork granulate; c) 4.7% exfoliated vermiculite and 4.5% expanded perlite; d) 0.6% of additive thickener, 2.3% of adhesive and cohesive additive, 11.0% of hydraulic additive, 2.8% of moisture retentive additive, 0.7% of plasticiser additive, 0.9% % hydrophobic additive and 3.7% prey accelerator additive The present invention also relates to a grout comprising the formulation defined above. The present invention further relates to the use of the mortar of the present invention for application by mechanical projection, injection, manual, or in the production of slabs.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to dense aggregate-free cork-based mortar formulations for application in the construction industry, namely in the maintenance and construction of buildings.

Unless expressly stated otherwise, the percentages mentioned in the present description and claims refer to percentages by mass.

In the context of the present disclosure, the term "comprising" is to be understood as "including, among others". As such, the term should not be interpreted as "consisting solely of".

It should be noted that any X value presented in the course of the present description is to be interpreted as an approximate value of the actual X value, since such approximation to the actual value would reasonably be expected by the person skilled in the art due to experimental and / or measurement conditions which introduce deviations from the real value.

Unless otherwise noted, the ranges of values set forth in the present description are intended to provide a simplified and technically accepted way to indicate each individual value within the respective range. By way of example, the expression "1 to 2" or "between 1 and 2" means any value within this range, for example 1.0; 1.1; 1,2; 1,3; 1.4; 1.5; 1.6; 1.7; 1.8; 1.9; 2.0. All values mentioned in the present description should be interpreted as approximate values, in the sense adopted above. For example a reference to "2.3" means "about 2.3". The term "binder" or "binders" refers to one or more products that agglomerate aggregates creating cohesive and mechanically resistant products. Examples are hydrated aerated lime, natural hydraulic lime, hydraulic lime, Portland cement and natural cement. They may have hydraulic properties when they react (harden) with water. If they do not react with water they are called aerial binders, as is the case with air piers. Chemically there are differences between the binders: aerial lime according to norm NP-EN 459-1, it consists mainly of oxide or hydroxide of calcium and hardens slowly to the air by reaction with the atmospheric carbon dioxide. Since it does not have hydraulic properties, this lime does not carbonate in the presence of water. It is in the form of quicklime or hydrated lime. The preferred aerial lime in the present invention is the calcitic, hydrated, powder; natural lime is mostly composed of silicates and aluminates of calcium and calcium hydroxide. According to the norm NP-EN 459-1, it is a lime produced by the burning of clay or siliceous limestones with reduction to powder by extinction, with or without grinding. Natural hydraulic lime has the property of gaining prey (i.e.,

carbonate in the presence of water) and harden in water. The atmospheric carbon dioxide also contributes to its hardening by reaction with the calcium hydroxide. The preferred natural hydraulic lime is NHL 3.5 R, powder; hydraulic lime can be obtained by mixing between aerial lime and cement. According to standard NP-EN 459-1, it is a lime consisting mainly of calcium hydroxide, calcium silicates and calcium aluminates, produced with a mixture of suitable materials. Hydraulic lime has the property of gaining prey and hardening in water. The atmospheric carbon dioxide also contributes to its hardening by reaction with the calcium hydroxide. The preferred hydraulic lime is HL 5 R, powder; and cement, is mainly composed of silicate and calcium aluminate. It is obtained from a mixture of limestone, clay or clay shale, marl or marl limestone and other materials rich in silica, alumina or iron. As defined in EN 197-1, cement is a hydraulic binder, that is, a finely ground inorganic material which, when mixed with water, forms a paste which hardens by reactions and hydration processes and which, after being hardened, preserves its sturdy capacity and even underwater stability. The preferred cement is Portlant CEM I 32.5 R cement and natural cement, according to the same standard. The term "dense aggregates" in the context of the present disclosure relates to aggregates having a normal or heavy density, i.e. having a density greater than 2000 or greater than 3000 kg / m3, respectively, when determined in accordance with standard EN 1097-6. The term "light aggregates", in the context of the present specification, refers, according to standard EN 13055-1, to aggregates having a density, less than or equal to 2000 kg / m3, when in accordance with EN 1097-6, or with a bore, after drying in an oven, less than or equal to 1200 kg / m3 when determined in accordance with EN 1097-3. According to the same standard, "bareness" is the quotient between the mass of the dry aggregate without filling, which fills a given container, and the capacity of that container. The "ultralight aggregates" are aggregated with a barium, after drying in an oven, less than or equal to 300 kg / m3 when determined according to EN 1097-3.

In the context of the present invention, the term "light aggregates" refers to cork material and also exfoliated vermiculite, expanded perlite, expanded glass or combinations thereof. The term "cork material" refers to cork granulate, expanded cork granulate or combinations thereof. The term "cork granulate" refers to the product obtained by crushing the cork oak layer, as well as the product obtained by recycling and subsequent grinding of cork products (natural or agglomerated) such as stoppers. The granulometry used ranges from 0.005 to 4 mm, the thermal conductivity is 0.050 W / m. ° C and has a density between 60 and 130 kg / m 3. The term "expanded cork granulate" refers to black cork fragments obtained after cooking in autoclaves (using water vapor at a temperature between about 300 to 400 ° C for a time interval of 15 to 20 minutes) (ie virgin, secondary or pruned cork coming from grinding pruning), cork granulation, bits, scrap and waste from other industrial cork processing operations. The granulometry used in the expanded cork agglomerate used in the present invention ranges from 0.005 to 2 mm, the thermal conductivity is 0.040 W / m ° C and has a density ranging from 60 to 70 kg / m 3. The vermiculite consists mainly of hydrated silicates of aluminum and magnesium and is classified as a clay (phyllosilicate hydrated) and does not fit in the so-called silicium aggregates. The so-called siliceous aggregates are mainly formed by SiO2 (tectosilicates) and are in the category of dense aggregates, absent from the mortar formulations of the present invention. The vermiculite is an ultralight aggregate when expanded by the action of temperature. It is also commonly referred to as exfoliated vermiculitis. The expanded perlite may enter the composition of the mortar formulations of the present invention as aggregate and may be termed as hydrated volcanic glass. It is also an ultralight aggregate. Expanded glass is a low density glass, also referred to as glass microspheres. It is an object of the invention to obtain a mortar exhibiting an improved thermal behavior with a coefficient of thermal conductivity of less than 0.10 W / m 2C (TI class according to EN NP 998-1) or between 0.15 and 0, 10 W / m.2C (class T2 according to the same standard), as well as good acoustic absorption in the bass range.

The mortar formulations of the present invention differ from mortars known in the prior art, since they do not comprise dense aggregates (siliceous aggregates and limestones) and wood or mineral vegetable fibers used in mortars of the prior art.

Surprisingly, the mortar formulations of the invention exhibit unexpected physico-mechanical behavior in the absence of dense aggregates, which give the traditional mortars the necessary body for their application and performance.

The mortar formulations of the invention have additional features, such as their low baridity and high durability.

Due to their physico-mechanical behavior, the mortars of the present invention have a great versatility in their application, allowing them to be performed manually, by injection, or by projection onto different support materials and surface, face and floor type. These mortar formulations allow to obtain variable thicknesses of mortar, up to 75 mm per application layer, without prior adjustment of the support and using the fresh formulation. The mechanical strength of the mortars of the present invention is suitable for rehabilitation works or new constructions, presenting a good adhesion to the traditional supports (stone masonry) or contemporary (brick masonry) and presents a low retraction. The presence of additives allows to improve the mechanical characteristics of adhesion, cohesion and compatibility.

The mortar formulations of the invention provide, at the thermal and acoustic level, an improvement of the comfort within the spaces where it is used.

The cork-based mortar formulations are characterized as consisting of: a) 59 to 66% of binders; b) 8 to 16% of cork material; c) 9 to 21% of material selected from the group consisting of exfoliated vermiculite, expanded perlite, expanded glass and combinations thereof; and d) 1 to 22% of additives.

The binders are selected from the group comprising hydrated aerated lime, natural hydraulic lime, hydraulic lime, Portland cement and natural cement and combinations thereof. The selection of the binder and its combinations will depend on the desired characteristics, the most versatile binder being the natural hydraulic lime. For functions with no mechanical contribution (filler drops, in particular) the binder to be selected will be hydrated aerated lime and for Portland cement floors, the most suitable binder will be a natural hydraulic lime or a hydraulic lime. The mechanical characteristics of the support (type of wall and type of mortars present) should be taken into account and there should be agreement on the mechanical properties. These characteristics should and may be adjusted in the ratio of binder to aggregates.

In one embodiment, the cork material is cork granulated. In another embodiment, the cork material is expanded cork granulate. In yet another embodiment, the cork material is a combination of cork granulate and expanded cork granulate.

All of the above lightweight aggregates may be incorporated into the mortar formulations of the present invention to achieve the desired viscosity of the cork (the ability to minimize the volume of voids, enhancing the binding properties of the binder), and may be alternatives to each other. The matrix of the mortar formulations of the invention is essentially conferred by the cork. It should be noted that all the built-in aggregates contribute with thermal insulation characteristics. This is not the case with dense aggregates. These even have an antagonistic thermal input.

The bulk density of these materials is quite low and can be considered as ultralight aggregates since they have a density below 300 kg / m 3.

In the prior art formulations, the matrix is conferred by the dense aggregate (silica mass greater than 2000 kg / m 3), where the cork, when present, functions as an additive.

The additives which are used in the preparation of the mortar formulations of the present invention may be quite varied and have very specific functions.

The additives are selected from the group comprising thickening additive, adhesive and cohesive additive, hydraulic additive, moisture retentive additive, plasticizer additive, hydrophobic additive, biocidal additive and prey accelerator additive and combinations thereof.

In one embodiment, the additives are present in the following proportions: • Thickening additive: up to 1%. • Adhesive and cohesive additive: up to 3%. • Hydraulic additive: up to 12%. • Moisture retainer additive: up to 3%. • Air introducer and plasticizer additive: up to 1%. • Hydrophobic additive: up to 1%. • Biocidal additive: up to 1%. • Pre-accelerator additive: up to 4%. The adhesive and cohesive additive is selected from the group comprising acrylic, polyvinyl resins or mixtures thereof. The thickening additive is a cellulose derivative selected from the group comprising cellulose ether, methylethylcellulose, modified starch and vegetable fiber and combinations thereof. The hydraulic additive is a pozzolana, natural or artificial selected from the group comprising metakaolin, fly ash and natural volcanic ash and combinations thereof.

As a moisture-retentive additive, a clay is used, for example using a phyllosilicate (magnesium silicate).

Preferably, the plasticizing additive is a lauryl sulfate.

Preferably, the hydrophobic additive is a siloxane or a stratum thereof.

Preferably, the biocidal additive is titanium dioxide. The prey accelerator additive is selected from the group comprising calcined amorphous alumina.

In one embodiment, the mortar formulations of the invention consist of: a) 60 to 63% of binders; b) 8 to 10% of cork material; c) 9 to 13% of material selected from the group consisting of exfoliated vermiculite, expanded perlite, expanded glass and combinations thereof; and d) 15 to 22% of additives. The present invention also relates to mortars comprising the formulations described above.

Preferably, the mortars of the invention are applied by mechanical projection, by injection, manually and can be used in the production of slabs. The following are examples of mortars formulations of the present invention, processes for preparing the fresh mortar and its applications.

Example 1

The following Table 1 presents the physico-mechanical parameters of the present exemplary formulation:

Table 1

The obtained mortar has a density of 674 kg / m 3 and has a thermal conductivity of 0.077 W / m ° C.

It has been found that the formulated mortar is a light mortar particularly suitable for mechanical projection in exterior and interior walls. The addition of water should be 0.96 1 / kg, and this mortar should be applied by mechanical projection after previous mixing. The recommended maximum thickness per layer is 75 mm.

Example 2:

The following Table 2 presents the physico-mechanical parameters of the present exemplary formulation:

Table 2

The obtained mortar has a density of 692 kg / m 3 and has a thermal conductivity of 0.088 W / m ° C.

It has been found that the formulated mortar is a light mortar particularly indicated for manual application in exterior and interior facing. The addition of water should be 0.85 l / kg, and this mortar should be applied manually after mixing.

Example 3

The following Table 3 presents the physico-mechanical parameters of the present exemplary formulation:

Table 3

The obtained mortar has a density of 789 kg / m 3 and has a thermal conductivity of 0.070 W / m ° C.

The formulated mortar has been found to be a lightweight mortar particularly indicated for injection application, i.e. it is indicated for filling of air box without thermal insulation as in the case of double masonry in perforated brick. The addition of water should be 1.44 l / kg, and this mortar should be applied by injection after premixing.

Example 4

The following Table 4 presents the physico-mechanical parameters of the present exemplary formulation:

Table 4

The obtained mortar has a density of 762 kg / m3 and has a thermal conductivity of 0.11 W / m ° C.

It has been found that the formulated mortar is a light mortar particularly indicated for manual application on floorings. The addition of water should be 0.51 l / kg, and this mortar should be applied manually after premixing.

Example 5

The following Table 5 presents the physico-mechanical parameters of the present exemplary formulation:

Table 5

The obtained mortar has a density of 685 kg / m 3 and has a thermal conductivity of 0.094 W / m ° C.

It has been found that the formulated mortar is a lightweight mortar particularly suitable for the production of insulating boards for application in exterior walls. The addition of water should be 0.99 l / kg, and this mortar should be poured into molds after mixing.

The production of the different mortars formulations corresponding to examples 1 to 4 is carried out in a mixer in which the various components enter sequentially, where the lower specific weight components are the first to be incorporated. The mixing is carried out until the homogeneity of the product occurs.

The mixtures obtained incorporate all the components and must be bagged in a convenient way so that the binders do not come in contact with moisture until the time of the mixing on site. The addition of water, already in the works, must take place 5-10 minutes before the application of the product, proceeding to its mixing mechanically and the low rotation, being that each one of the formulations will have to receive specific amounts of water to reach the workability the desired physical-mechanical characteristics.

Example 7 Molding of plates in the factory is possible to produce prefabricated parts using the cork mortar formulations of the present invention. For this purpose the formulation of Example 5 should be used, respecting the production stage, followed by the incorporation of water and homogenization thereof. The paste obtained should be poured into molds of desired size and thickness and left to cure and then stored. The usual size for this type of product is 1.2 by 0.6 m and with variable thicknesses between 40 and 80 mm.

Larger sized plaques can be produced and, after drying, they can be cut into the desired sizes.

Example 8

Prior to the application of the mortar of the present invention, the carrier should be cleaned and primed by brushing or pruning to eliminate disintegrating materials and dust. Salts, fats and other contaminants should also be eliminated.

After this operation, the substrate must be thoroughly moistened with clean water the day before the application. On very absorbent substrates, prior to application, the wetting should be repeated. a) Mortar of projection - use of "mug-pistol"

If the application is made using a "mug-pistol" type device, it is filled with the projection mortar (example 1). The gun is then directed to the support to be coated and its trigger activated, applying the mortar to the support. A "spray" of plaster (mortar applied on the support) must be previously performed in order to improve the adhesion of the next layer. Immediately thereafter, the plaster is applied. If you want thicknesses greater than 75 mm, you should wait for the previous layer to dry.

When the mortar begins to harden, proceed to finish using a trowel or trowel. b) Mortar of projection - use of continuous projection machine

In case the application of the projection mortar (example 1) is made using a continuous projection machine, after its preparation, the applicator spills the mortar to the hopper of the machine. Then it directs the tip to the support to cover and triggers the trigger, thus applying the mortar in the holder. As described above, a slurry spray should be applied prior to, following the application of the plaster. If you want thicknesses greater than 75 mm, you should wait for the previous layer to harden.

When the mortar begins to harden, proceed to finish using a trowel or trowel. c) Mortar for manual application

When the mortar is to be applied manually (example 2), it must be applied with a trowel in layers until it has the desired thickness.

When the mortar begins to harden, proceed to finish using a trowel or trowel. d) Injection mortar

For the application of the mortar (example 3) by injection, it is necessary to perform small perforations on the walls to inject the mortar into the air boxes, cavities or hollows, in order to fill the existing voids. Previous work must be carried out, namely the elimination of all cracks, cracks and holes through which the injection mortar may flow undesirably (leakage).

Due to its fluidity, it is ideal in the rehabilitation of existing buildings, namely for the filling of air boxes.

This type of mortar is also used as a complement to other traditional insulation, namely rock wool or polystyrene, as it acts in the air box surrounding the existing insulation and filling the voids. e) Mortar for floor application

When the mortar is to be applied to floors (example 4), it should be poured in the place and smoothed by hand or with a squeegee until it reaches the desired thickness. Then, using a ruler, the surface is smoothed.

When the mortar begins to harden, proceed to the finishing, using a trowel.

Example 9

After molding plates in the factory to produce prefabricated parts using the mortar of Example 5, the application of said mortar slabs on site should be mechanically performed by nailing, preceded by manual application of the formulation of Example 2, with a spoon of masonry until a minimum thickness of 5 mm and a maximum thickness of 10 mm. The goal is to achieve a smooth, flat surface to support the plates. The plate should receive a thin layer of the formulation of Example 2, having a thickness of less than 10 mm, armed with tensile mesh (fiberglass mesh or non-woven fabric) in the middle of this last finishing layer.

Claims (11)

A cork-based mortar formulation characterized in that it consists of: a) 59 to 66% of binders; b) 8 to 16% of cork material; c) 9 to 21% of material selected from the group consisting of exfoliated vermiculite, expanded perlite, expanded glass and combinations thereof; and d) 1 to 22% of additives. A mortar formulation according to claim 1, characterized in that the binders are selected from the group consisting of hydrated aerated lime, natural hydraulic lime, hydraulic lime, Portland cement, natural cement, and combinations thereof. The mortar formulation according to claim 1, characterized in that the cork material is granulated with cork. Mortar formulation according to claim 1, characterized in that the cork material is granulated from expanded cork. A mortar formulation according to claim 1, characterized in that the cork material is a combination of cork granulate with expanded cork granulate. A mortar formulation according to claim 1, characterized in that the additives are selected from the group consisting of thickener, adhesive and cohesive, hydraulic, moisture retainer, plasticizer, hydrophobic, biocide and prey accelerator and combinations thereof. The mortar formulation according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it consists of: a) 60 to 63% of binders; b) 8 to 10% of cork material; c) 9 to 13% of material selected from the group consisting of exfoliated vermiculite, expanded perlite, expanded glass and combinations thereof; and d) 15 to 22% of additives. A mortar formulation according to claim 1, characterized in that it consists of: a) 63.0% natural hydraulic lime; b) 9.7% of expanded cork granulate; c) 5.3% exfoliated vermiculite and 5.1% expanded perlite; and d) 0.6% thickening additive, 11.6% hydraulic additive, 2.9% moisture retentive additive, 0.8% plasticizing additive and 1.0% hydrophobic additive. A mortar formulation according to claim 1, characterized in that it consists of: a) 4.3% hydrated aerated lime, 55.2% natural hydraulic lime and 6.1% natural cement; a) 46.3% of hydraulic lime and 13.3% of natural cement; b) 1.3% of cork granulate and 7.9% of expanded cork granulate; c) 4.7% exfoliated vermiculite and 4.5% expanded perlite; d) 0.6% of additive thickener, 2.3% of adhesive and cohesive additive, 11.0% of hydraulic additive, 2.8% of moisture retentive additive, 0.7% of plasticiser additive, 0.9% % of hydrophobic additive and 3.7% of prey accelerator additive A mortar comprising the formulation of any one of claims 1 to 12. Use of the mortar according to claim 13, characterized in that it is applied by mechanical projection, injection, by hand, or by the production of slabs.