PL9580B1

PL9580B1 - The method of drying a processed and unprocessed tree.

Info

Publication number: PL9580B1
Application number: PL9580A
Authority: PL
Filing date: 1927-10-19
Publication date: 1928-11-30

Description

Istnieje duzo sposobów i urzadzen do sztucznego suszenia drzewa, a niektóre z nich znalazly juz zastosowanie w prak¬ tyce.Wiadomo równiez, ze drzewo ulozone w suszarni w równomiernych warstwach suszy sie przez doprowadzanie cieplego powietrza, przyczem powstale pary ucho¬ dza wskutek naturalnego ciagu. Równiez znany jest sposób suszenia zapomoca wil¬ gotnego 'powietrza. W tym przypadku do goracego powietrza dodaje sie pary wod¬ nej. Przy parzeniu luib impregnacji drze¬ wa napelnia sie autoklawy materjalem prawie calkowicie, zamyka sie je i podda¬ je na dzialanie cisnienia, pary wzglednie plynnego lub gazowego srodka impregna¬ cyjnego.Sposób suszenia, wedlug niniejszego wynalazku, usuwa wszystkie wady zna¬ nych dotychczas sposobów i wprowadza zasadniczo oszczednosc czasu, gdyz za¬ leznie od wymiarów drzewa zuzywa sie jedna trzecia do jednej dziesiatej czasu po¬ trzebnego dotychczas do zupelnego wysu¬ szenia drzewa, przyczem suszenie odby¬ wa sie bez jakiegokolwiek uszkodzenia drzewa. Wskutek tego równiez gotowe wy¬ roby z drzewa daja sie suszyc i po wysu¬ szeniu ostatecznie wykanczac, przyczem wszystkie te czynnosci lacznie mozna wy¬ konac tylko czescia kosztów, jakie sie po¬ nosi przy suszeniu w urzadzeniach z wen¬ tylatorami i ogrzewaniem parowem.Ponizej podane sa cechy, stanowiace istote niniejszego sposobu.Korzysci niniejszego sposobu sa naste¬ pujace: jak najmniejsza przestrzen su¬ szarni potrzebna na jednostke czasu dla danej ilosci drzewa, najkrótszy czas po¬ zostawania drzewa w suszarni, zbyteczne sa nadto kotly parowe, wentylatory i in¬ ne rozmaite aparaty, Z powyzszego wynika znaczne zmniej¬ szenie kosztów inwestycyjnych.Przy niniejszym sposobie powierzch¬ nia drzewa pozostaje miekka, a zawartosc komórek ulega przeksztalceniu, przyczem uzyskuje sie to bez zastosowania kotlów, wytwarzajacych pare wodna. W obecno¬ sci powietrza, prawie nasyconego para wodna, daje sie wiec suszyc drzeiwo obro¬ bione i nieobrobione bez pekniec, rys i bez zmiany ksztaltu tak, ze wykonane juz przedmioty, jak np. czesci mebli, mozna po wysuszeniu natychmiast dalej wykan¬ czac przez heblowanie, frezowanie i inna obróbke. PL PLThere are many methods and devices for artificially drying a tree, some of which have already been used in practice. It is also known that a tree placed in a drying room in uniform layers is dried by the supply of warm air, and the resulting vapor is removed by natural draft. Also known is a method of drying with moist air. In this case, steam is added to the hot air. When boiling or impregnating wood, the autoclaves are filled with material almost completely, they are closed and subjected to pressure, steam, or a relatively liquid or gaseous impregnation agent. The method of drying, according to the present invention, removes all the drawbacks of previously known methods. and substantially saves time since, depending on the size of the tree, a third to one-tenth of the time hitherto required to completely dry the tree is used, since drying takes place without any damage to the tree. Consequently, the finished wood products can also be dried and finally finished after drying, but all these activities can be combined only part of the costs incurred in drying in installations with fans and steam heating. The features that constitute the essence of this method are given below. The advantages of this method are as follows: as little drying space as possible per unit time for a given amount of tree, the shortest time for the tree to remain in the drying room, and no need for steam boilers, fans and other various apparatuses. From the above, the investment costs are significantly reduced. With the present method the surface of the tree remains soft and the cell content is transformed, but this is achieved without the use of steam boilers. In the presence of air, almost saturated with water vapor, it is possible to dry the treated and untreated wood without cracks, scratches and without changing the shape, so that already made objects, such as furniture parts, can be immediately further finished after drying. by planing, milling and other processing. PL PL

Claims

1. Patent claims. 1. The method of suicidal and untreated wood, characterized by the fact that in order to avoid cracking, bending and changing the color of the tree, it is arranged in an enclosing space in such a way that in the valleys it is surrounded by air, the dry gray fillings evenly so that the tree takes up a much larger part of the drying room, and the temperature of the drying room and the tree, due to the supply of hot air, initially rises to such an extent that the moisture contained in the tree evaporates and saturates the air contained in the drying room. the dryer, and the water vapor and volatile components are evacuated from the dryer and replaced by incoming hot air, which is gradually heated during the process until the cell contents are concentrated.

2. The method according to claim 1, the significant point is that the process is interrupted at certain times, e.g. after 6-12 hours of heating, for a few hours and during this (no heat is applied, and the drying chamber is left closed so that the moisture can It proceeds from the center of the tree's cross-section towards more dried layers, and then this process is repeated.

3. Method according to the above mentioned 1 and 2, the significant point that the heating, drying and interruptions are repeated many times, with increasing end temperatures of the dryer at the end of each drying period.

4. Way according to tighten. 1-3, the significant point is that, in order to distribute heat evenly on the tree, hot air is supplied from the two taller opposing sieves of the dryer and along the fibers of the tree towards its center, while simultaneously heating the floor of the drying chamber. Ludwig Ba eh r their. Deputy: Inz. S. Pawlikowski, patent attorney. LIBRARY OF THE PATENT UTILITY REPUBLIC OF POLAND Print by L. Boguslawski, Warsaw. The drying chambers are built relatively low to avoid dividing the air they contain into layers with different moisture content and are filled in such a way that the volume the air contained between the tree was very insignificant in relation to the whole space dry. The air in the drying chamber is deliberately saturated with the tree's own moisture in order to induce perspiration, while heating it without steam and from outside and without the use of a blower or fan. When dried by the above method, the treated and untreated tree is arranged in a closed chamber in such a way that it is surrounded by air on all sides in the lower layers. The drying chamber is filled with material dried in such a way that the wood or wooden products take up almost the entire disposable space. Thereafter, the temperature of the dryer is initially raised so high by an inflow of warm air, and it is maintained so long, until moisture and other volatile components of the slowly heated tree appear on its surface, and at the same time the air becomes saturated with moisture. Finally, the water vapor and volatile components are allowed to flow freely from the drying chamber in a natural course and, at the same time, fresh, warm air is supplied, as a result of which the temperature in the chamber rises to a height that causes the cell content to be reduced. - refe When screening the above method, the surface of the tree remains soft, and due to the presence of very humid air, water is drained from the tree and at the same time [the cell content is transformed. In the test, you can lick all species of sawn and cut trees, such as parts furniture, wobbies. The temperature is initially raised to 40-50 ° C and is kept at the same height as long as the tree is warmed throughout its entire section. During this part of the process air changes are not applied, which causes the tree to warm slowly. moisture occurs on its surface, and the surrounding air is saturated with this moisture, the air volume is about one third of the space of the drying chamber, the distribution of hot air is as even as possible, due to the inflow from two opposite sides of the drying chamber towards its center towards parallel to the fibers of the tree and thanks to the simultaneous radiation of heat from the heated floor of the chamber, the duration of the resulting sweating of the tree varies and depends on its dimensions, for example for a tree with a thickness of 4-5 cm 4-5 hours. As a result of opening the flap in the ceiling of the drying chamber, water vapor and volatile particles separated from the tree during heating naturally escape. At the same time, fresh hot air enters the drying chamber from the bottom and the sides. This period lasts again about 7-8 hours, then in most cases the overnight drying rooms are closed and the whole device is left alone. During this time, water flows from the core of the tree to its surface. The temperature of the dryer gradually decreases and the air humidity rises. The next working day, the plant is heated up again by supplying hot air at a higher temperature than on the previous day. The tree must remain at a temperature of 70 - 75 ° C for a few hours for the cell contents to solidify. On average, a tree requires three to four times the heating and as many breaks between heating and heating; in each case the temperature must be higher than the previous one. - 2 - PL PL