PL66B1 - Method for cathodic preparation of peroxygen compounds. - Google Patents
Method for cathodic preparation of peroxygen compounds. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- PL66B1 PL66B1 PL66A PL6619A PL66B1 PL 66 B1 PL66 B1 PL 66B1 PL 66 A PL66 A PL 66A PL 6619 A PL6619 A PL 6619A PL 66 B1 PL66 B1 PL 66B1
- Authority
- PL
- Poland
- Prior art keywords
- oxygen
- cathodic
- peroxygen
- preparation
- peroxygen compounds
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 6
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- -1 for example Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229960001922 sodium perborate Drugs 0.000 description 3
- YKLJGMBLPUQQOI-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;oxidooxy(oxo)borane Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]OB=O YKLJGMBLPUQQOI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 102000009027 Albumins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010088751 Albumins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000004343 Calcium peroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SPAGIJMPHSUYSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium peroxide Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][O-] SPAGIJMPHSUYSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- OUUQCZGPVNCOIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Superoxide Chemical class [O-][O] OUUQCZGPVNCOIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000008043 acidic salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010405 anode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZJRXSAYFZMGQFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium peroxide Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-][O-] ZJRXSAYFZMGQFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LHJQIRIGXXHNLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium peroxide Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][O-] LHJQIRIGXXHNLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019402 calcium peroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 159000000011 group IA salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004677 hydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- PEYVWSJAZONVQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroperoxy(oxo)borane Chemical class OOB=O PEYVWSJAZONVQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960004995 magnesium peroxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000037361 pathway Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000162 sodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- KEAYESYHFKHZAL-BJUDXGSMSA-N sodium-22 Chemical compound [22Na] KEAYESYHFKHZAL-BJUDXGSMSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 1
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
Description
Okazalo sie wedlug prac M. Traubego i Priess'a, ze przy zwyklem cisnieniu nie mozna otrzymywac katodowo nadtlenku wodoru w sposób techniczny. W patencie niemieckim Nr 266516 jest jednak opisana metoda katodowego uzyskiwania nadtlen¬ ku wodoru, przy pomocy której udaje sie otrzymywac wode utleniona w technicznie uzytecznej koncentracji i wydajnosci.Istota opisanego tam sposobu polega na uzyciu, wyzszego niz atmosferyczne, ci¬ snienia, przy którem uskutecznia sie za¬ równo wprowadzanie gazów zawierajacych tlen jak i sama elektrolize.Odkryto wlasnie zadziwiajacy fakt, ze na elektrolitycznej drodze, i to katodowo, udaje sie otrzymywac pod zwyklem cisnie¬ niem stale zwiazki nadtlenowe z technicz¬ nie uzyteczna wydajnoscia. Zachodzi to wtedy, gdy elektrolizuje sie roztwory al- kaljów lub niekwasnych soli, w które wprowadza sie tlen lub zawierajace tlen gazy, przy dodaniu odpowiednich rozpu¬ szczalnych zwiazków, tworzacych z nad¬ tlenkiem wodoru w wodzie nierozpuszczal¬ ne lub malo rozpuszczalne polaczenia nad¬ tlenowe.Naturalnie, ze dodatek szczególnych polaczen moze byc zaoszczedzony wtedy, gdy odrazu wybierze sie tak elektrolit, ze on sam moze tworzyc nierozpuszczalne zwiazki nadtlenowe.Dla osiagniecia technicznie uzytecz¬ nych wydajnosci jest celowem przeprowa-dzanlc nea&cji w ©izszej temperaturze. Na¬ lezy wiec dbac o odpowiednie chlodzenie elektrolitu do stosownej temperatury oko¬ lo 0°.Celem dalszego zwiekszenia wydajno¬ sci, poleca sie dodanie do elektrolitu odpo¬ wiednich organicznych lub nieorganicznych cial koloidalnych. Dla przykladu mozna tu A * podac sodowe szklo wodne, skrobie, zela- tyne, albuminei t. p.Wedlug; przedstawionego sposobu uda¬ je sie otrzymywac naprzyklad nadtlenki wzglednie hydraty nadtlenków ziem alka¬ licznych (jak np. nadtlenek baru, nadtle¬ nek wapnia) i ziem (jak np. nadtlenek ma¬ gnezu, nadtlenek glinu) jak i sole kwasów nadborowych (jak np. nadboran sodu).Przyklad. W 1 1 wody rozpuszcza sie 20 g boraksu, 4,2 g wodorotlenku sodowe¬ go i 22 g siarczanu sodu lub 30 g fosforanu sodu (Na2HP04A2H20). Roztwór elektro- lizuje sie przy uzyciu katody np. z amal- gowanej miedzi i anody z platyny lub olo¬ wiu, oddzielonej od przestrzeni katodowej wezem diafragmowym. W ciagu elektroli¬ zy przepuszcza sie stale przez plyn tlen, miesza silnie odpowiedniem urzadzeniem mieszadlowem i przez wstawienie naczynia elektrolitycznego do mieszaniny oziebiaja¬ cej utrzymuje temperature cieczy przy o- koló 0e. Otrzymuje sie potem wytracenie czystego nadboranu sodu o 10,3 procen¬ tach aktywnego tlenu z Wysokiem wyko¬ rzystaniem pradu. Boraks i wodorotlenek sodu uzupelnia sie trwale, odpowiednio do opadania, stale odprowadzanego, nadbo¬ ranu sodu. Gestosc pradu na katodzie wy¬ nosi np. 0,2 anipera na decymetr kwadra¬ towy.Na matenjal na elektrody sa uzyteczne takze inne metale, a jako elektrolity i do¬ datki takze inne ciala, mogace tworzyc z nadtlenkiem wodoru nierozpuszczalne zwiazki nadtlenowe, jednak tylko takie, które w roztworze reaguja alkalicznie lub neutralnie.Proponowano juz otrzymywanie nadso- li i nadtlenków metali w ten sposób, ze elektrolizuje sie odpowiednie neutralne lub slabo alkaliczne roztwory soli, badz ozyste roztwory alkaljów lub ziem alkalicznych, przy anodzie pradami stalemi i zmiennemi.Atakowany jest przytem materjal anodo¬ wy, którego produkty rozkladu zanieczy¬ szczaja zarówno otrzymywane nadsole, jak i elektrolit. Wysycanie sie temi pro¬ duktami rozkladu sprawia, ze nie mozna tu pracowac ustawicznie. Czyste stale po¬ laczenia nadtlenkowe nie dadza sie tu za¬ tem otrzymywac. Poza tern wyzyskanie pradu jest tu niedostateczne. PL PLIt turned out, according to the works of M. Traube and Priess, that with ordinary pressure it is not possible to obtain hydrogen peroxide cathodically in a technical way. However, the German patent No. 266516 describes a method of cathodic extraction of hydrogen peroxide, with the help of which it is possible to obtain hydrogen peroxide in a technically useful concentration and yield. The essence of the method described there is the use of higher than atmospheric pressure, at which it is effective. Both the introduction of oxygen-containing gases and the electrolysis itself have been discovered. The surprising fact has now been discovered that by electrolytic pathway, including cathode, it is possible to obtain peroxygen compounds under ordinary pressure with technically useful yields. This occurs when solutions of alkali or non-acidic salts are electrolysed into which oxygen or oxygen-containing gases are introduced, with the addition of suitable soluble compounds which form, with hydrogen peroxide in water, insoluble or poorly soluble bonds of peroxide. Naturally, the addition of specific combinations can be saved if the electrolyte is immediately chosen so that it itself can form insoluble peroxygen compounds. It is therefore necessary to ensure adequate cooling of the electrolyte to an appropriate temperature of about 0 °. In order to further increase the efficiency, it is recommended to add suitable organic or inorganic colloidal bodies to the electrolyte. For example, here A * can be given sodium water glass, starches, gelatinous, albumin and so on; of the present process, it is possible to obtain, for example, peroxides or hydrates of alkaline earth peroxides (such as, for example, barium peroxide, calcium peroxide) and earth (such as, for example, magnesium peroxide, aluminum peroxide) and perboric acid salts (such as, for example, sodium perborate). 20 g of borax, 4.2 g of sodium hydroxide and 22 g of sodium sulfate or 30 g of sodium phosphate (Na2HPO4A2H2O) are dissolved in 1 l of water. The solution is electrolysed using a cathode, for example, amalgamated copper, and a platinum or lead anode, separated from the cathode space by a diaphragm tube. In the course of the electrolysis, oxygen is continuously passed through the fluid, stirred strongly with a suitable stirrer and by inserting the electrolytic vessel into the cooling mixture, it maintains the temperature of the liquid at about 0 ° C. There is then a precipitation of pure sodium perborate at 10.3 percent active oxygen with a high current utilization. Borax and sodium hydroxide are permanently replenished according to the sinking of the constantly discharged sodium perborate. The current density at the cathode is, for example, 0.2 aniper per square decimeter. Other metals are also useful for electrodes, and other bodies as electrolytes and additives, which can form insoluble peroxygen compounds with hydrogen peroxide, but only those which react alkaline or neutral in solution. It has already been proposed to obtain metal superoxides and peroxides by electrolysing suitable neutral or slightly alkaline salt solutions, or pure alkaline or alkaline earth solutions, at the anode with constant and alternating currents. The anode material, the decomposition products of which contaminate both the obtained supernatants and the electrolyte, is also attacked. Being saturated with these decomposition products makes it impossible to work here constantly. Thus, pure peroxide connections cannot be obtained here. Apart from that, the exploitation of electricity is insufficient here. PL PL
Claims (2)
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| PL66B1 true PL66B1 (en) | 1924-05-26 |
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