PL6337B1

PL6337B1 - Tight shaft heads.

Info

Publication number: PL6337B1
Application number: PL6337A
Authority: PL
Filing date: 1924-09-01
Publication date: 1926-12-31

Description

Prawidlowe wydobywanie oleju skalne¬ go i gazów zapomoca tlokcwania, szczegól¬ nie zas metody wedlug patentu Nr 554, wy¬ magaja szczelnego zamkniecia przestrzeni pierscieniowej miedzy rurami, w których odbywa sie tlokowanie ropy, a rurami szczelnie wstawionemi w teren, t. j. zwykle rurami zamykajacemi wode. Dotychczas stosowane sposoby uszczelniania, polegajace na podwijaniu rur ponizej scisków klino¬ wych, okazuja sie zupelnie niewystarczaja¬ cemu Z dalszym rozwojem techniki eksploa¬ tacyjnej okazuje sie tez szkodliwem wcia¬ ganie powietrza do rury wewnetrznej eks¬ ploatacyjnej, wskutek prózni w niej powsta¬ lej po wyciagnieciu tloka. Równiez duze ko¬ rzysci techniczne daloby urzadzenie pozwa¬ lajace na natychmiastowe zamkniecie szczelne otworu rury wewnetrznej po wy¬ ciagnieciu tloka.Wynalazek niniejszy rozwiazuje oba po¬ wyzsze zagadnienia w sposób technicznie odpowiadajacy wszelkim wymaganiom, i pozwala wykorzystac ssanie wytworzone w otworze wiertniczym.Szczelne glowice szybowe, zgodnie z wynalazkiem, zawieraja uszczelnienia stale lub dlawikowe wzgledem rury sluzacej do tlokowania ropy, uszczelnienia dlawikowe wzgledem rury wewnetrznej oraz otwory sluzace do odprowadzania gazów.Na rysunkach przedstawiono w piono¬ wych przekrojach: na fig. 1—7 rozmaiteformy wykonania szczelnych zamkniec przestrzeni poza jurami do tlokowania ropy uzywanemi. Na fig. 6 i 7 szczelne zamknie¬ cia rur wewnetrznych, sluzacych do tloko¬ wania.Naogól nalezy stosowac urzadzenie cal¬ kowite, zamykajace zarówno otwór srodko¬ wy i otwór pierscieniowy (fig. 6 i 7); w wielu wypadkach mozna zastosowac tylko zamkniecie rury srodkowej, albo samo za¬ mkniecie przestrzeni pierscieniowej miedzy rurami, z wystarczajacym juz skutkiem praktycznym.Szczelna glowica, w wykonaniu podlug fig. 1, sklada sie z oslony 3 w ksztalcie walcowym, uszczelnionej wzgledem rury do tlokowania 5 szczeliwem stalem 6. W oslo¬ nie przewidziane sa otwory 4 do odprowa¬ dzania gazów naftowych. W górnej czesci znajduje sie dlawik 2, wsuwajacy sie w przestrzen szczeliwowa 7, a uszczelniajacy rure wewnetrzna 1 wzgledem oslony 3. Ob¬ wód 9 kolnierza dlawika isluzy do ulatwie¬ nia podwazenia go po dojsciu do najnizsze¬ go polozenia.Glowica w wykonaniu podlug fig. 2 róz¬ ni sie od poprzedniej jedynie tern, ze za¬ miast szczeliwa stalego 6 (fig. 1), zastoso¬ wano uszczelnienie za posrednictwem dla¬ wika 14, wciskanego w przestrzen szczeli¬ wowa 15 zapomoca srub przepuszczonych przez otwory 16, azeby osiagnac szczelnosc oslony 12 wzgledem rury 13 do tlokowania. 12 sa to otwory do odprowadzania gazów, a 10, 11—dlawik uszczelniajacy rure /.Przy glowicy (fig. 3) znajduje sie zno¬ wu szczeliwo stale 23 do uszczelnienia oslo¬ ny 18 wzgledem rury do tlokowania 24, a zamiast dlawika w górnej czesci walcowa przestrzen pierscieniowa 19 jest ograniczo¬ na zgóry i zdolu powierzchniami stozkowe- mi i zaopatrzona w otwory nagwintowane 20, zamykane srubami 21. Przez otwory 20 wprowadza sie do przestrzeni 19 knot szcze- liwówy, okreca go sie kilkakrotnie i dociska nastepnie srubami 20. 22 sa to otwory do odprowadzania gazów.Glowica 25 (fig. 4) posiada podobne u- szczelnienie wzgledem rury i, mianowicie zapomoca knota szczeliwowego w przestrze¬ ni 26, dociskanego srubami 28. Dlawik 30, wsuwajacy sie w przestrzen szczeliwowa 31', sluzy do uszczelnienia glowicy 25 wzgle¬ dem rury do tlokowania 32.Przy szczelnej glowicy 34 (fig. 5) zasto¬ sowano tylko jeden dlawik dla uzyskania szczelnosci wzgledem obu rur 39 i /.Szczeliwo, znajdujace sie w przestrzeni pierscieniowej 38 pomiedzy rurami, jest do¬ ciskane zapomoca pierscienia 37, o górnej powierzchni dwukrotnie stozkowo scietej.Do przesuwania pierscienia 37 ku górze slu¬ za sworznie nagwintowane 36, zaczepiajace glówkami 42 o pierscien 37, a obracane w odpowiednich gwintach kolnierza 35 glowi¬ cy 34. Obracajac równoczesnie sruby 38, np. zapomoca konców nasad czworogrania¬ stych, podciaga sie pierscien 37 ku górze, dociskajac szczeliwo w celu uzyskania szczelnosci wzgledem rur 39 i 1. Do odply¬ wu gazów naftowych przewidziano tu lacz¬ nik z otworem 41.Fig. 6 przedstawia glowice typu zblizo¬ nego do wykonania zgodnie z fig. 1, z ta róz* nica, ze szczeliwo stale 55 glowicy 52 jest dociskane do krawedzi rozszerzonej stozko¬ wo rury do tlokowania 54. Rura wewnetrz¬ na 1 jest wzgledem glowicy 52 równiez u- szczelniona dlawikiem 49, dociskajacym szczeliwo w przestrzeni szczeliwowej 51.Rura wewnetrzna 1 posiada tu u góry glowice 43 zaopatrzona w otwory 44 do od¬ prowadzania gazów, wkrecona gwintem stozkowym 48 w odpowiedni gwint górny ru¬ ry /. Nad otworami 44 znajduje sie w glo¬ wicy 43 siedzenie, które moze byc zamknie¬ te zaworem stozkowym 46, zaopatrzonym w uszko' 47, na którem zawór 46 moze byc za¬ wieszony, np. na lince. Nad zaworem 46 przewidziano gwint 45, który moze sluzyc do wkrecania nan wstawki 57 (fig. 7), wy- — 2 —konanej z bronzu, z brzegami zaokraglony¬ mi, a sluzacej w tym celu, by np, tlok, przy uderzeniu o górny brzeg glowicy 43, nie mógl wywolac niebezpiecznych, ze wzgledu na obecnosc gazów, iskier.Podczas ruchu tloka w rurze 1 wgóre, zawór 46 musi byc oczywiscie zdjety. Na¬ klada go sie zapomoca linki, na której wisi, natychmiast po wyciagnieciu tloka z glowi¬ cy 43, azeby mozliwie uniknac straty ga¬ zów i cisnienia niskiego.Jeszcze lepiej pozwala uniknac tych strat glowica fig, 7, Tutaj jest rura 1 wzgle¬ dem rury 74 uszczelniona wspólnem szcze¬ liwem 75, spoczywajacem na pierscieniu 76, a dociskanem zgóry glowica zewnetrzna 72, wsuwajaca sie w wkladke 73, przewidziana w górnym rozszerzajacym sie koncu rury 74. Rura wewnetrzna posiada 4rwga glo¬ wice 56, zaopatrzona u dolu w otwory 71 do odplywu gazówi oleju skalnego, a u gó¬ ry we wstawke bronzowa 57, Nad otworami 71 znajduje sie zasuwa 59, wsuwajaca sie w odpowiednia wneke 70 glowicy wewnetrz¬ nej 56 Oslona 58 zasuwy 59 obejmuje szczelnie oslone 56, a sama zasuwa 59 jest w znany sposób przesuwana zapomoca na¬ gwintowanego sworzaiia 60, obracanego kólkiem recznem 61.Jak dlugo tlok znajduje sie w rurze wewnetrznej 1, pozostaje zasuwa 59 otwar¬ ta. Skoro tlok przesunie sie wewnatrz oslo¬ ny 56, ponad zasuwe 59, zamyka sie tenze natychmiast, krecac kólko 61. W ten spo¬ sób przy tlokowaniu unika sie zupelnie wszelkich strat gazów naftowych oraz stra¬ ty cisnienia niskiego, wywolanego ruchem tloka ku górze w rurze wewnetrznej.Oslony, w których umieszczone sa u- szczelnienia stale i dlawiki oraz same kol¬ nierze dlawików, moga byc wykonane albo w jednym kawalku, albo tez, celem latwiej¬ szego skladania, moga byc dwudzielne al¬ bo zlozone z wiekszej liczlby czesci zlaczo¬ nych razem zapomoca srub, pierscieni lub podobnych.Powyzsze czesci skladowe lych urza¬ dzen moga byc zastapione przez inne rów¬ nowartosciowe* PLCorrect extraction of rock oil and gases by means of stamping, especially the methods according to patent No. 554, require tight sealing of the annular space between the pipes in which oil is pumped and the pipes tightly inserted into the field, i.e. usually pipes closing the water . The sealing methods used so far, consisting in winding the pipes below the wedge clamps, turn out to be completely insufficient. With further development of the exploitation technology, it also turns out to be harmful if air is drawn into the internal service pipe due to the vacuum created in it. after removing the piston. A device enabling immediate tight closure of the inner tube bore after pulling out the piston would also be of great technical benefit. The present invention solves both of the above problems in a technically satisfactory manner and allows the use of the suction produced in the borehole. shaft seals according to the invention include steel or gland seals for the pipe used for pumping oil, gland seals for the inner pipe and openings for the evacuation of gases. The figures show vertical cross-sections: in Figs. except for oil stamping yurts used. In Figs. 6 and 7, the sealing of the inner tubes for stamping purposes. Generally a complete device should be used to close both the center and the annular bore (Figs. 6 and 7); in many cases it is possible to use only the closing of the central pipe, or the mere closing of the annular space between the pipes, with sufficient practical effect. The sealed head, in the embodiment shown in Fig. 1, consists of a cylindrical casing 3 sealed against the stamping tube 5 with a sealant with steel 6. Openings 4 are provided in the cover for the discharge of petroleum gases. In the upper part there is a gland 2, which slides into the sealing space 7, and seals the inner pipe 1 against the shell 3. Circuit 9 of the gland flange is used to facilitate its lifting after reaching the lowest position. 2 differs from the previous one only in that, instead of the solid sealant 6 (Fig. 1), a joint 14 was used, which was pressed into the joint space 15 by means of bolts passed through the holes 16, to make the casing 12 leakproof with respect to the piston tube 13. 12 are openings for gas evacuation, and 10, 11 - pipe sealing gland. At the head (Fig. 3) there is again a sealant 23 to seal the casing 18 with respect to the pressing pipe 24, and instead of the gland in the upper On a cylindrical part, the annular space 19 is bounded at the top and bottom by tapered surfaces and provided with threaded holes 20 closed with screws 21. Through the openings 20, a seal wick is introduced into the space 19, tightened several times and then tightened with screws 20. 22 are openings for gas evacuation. The head 25 (Fig. 4) has a similar seal with respect to the pipe and is provided by a sealing wick in space 26, tightened by screws 28. The gland 30, which slides into the sealing space 31 ', serves to seal the head 25 against the piston tube 32. With the sealed head 34 (Fig. 5), only one gland is used to ensure tightness against both tubes 39 and /. The sealant located in the space of the ring nipple 38 is pressed between the pipes by means of a ring 37, the upper surface of which is double tapered. The threaded bolts 36 are used to slide the ring 37 upwards, engaging the heads 42 with the ring 37 and rotated in the corresponding threads of the head flange 35. 34. By simultaneously turning the screws 38, e.g. by the ends of the quadrangular sockets, the ring 37 is pulled upwards, pressing the sealant against the pipes 39 and 1 in order to seal it against the pipes 39 and 1. A connector with an opening 41 is provided here. Fig. 6 shows the heads of the similar type to be made in accordance with FIG. 1, with the difference that the sealant 55 of the head 52 is pressed against the edge of the flared conical shape of the stamping tube 54. The inner tube 1 is relative to the head 52 also. sealed with a gland 49, which presses the sealant into the sealing space 51. The inner pipe 1 has here at the top a head 43 provided with openings 44 for the evacuation of gases, screwed with a conical thread 48 into the corresponding upper pipe thread /. Above the openings 44 there is a seat in the head 43, which can be closed by a conical valve 46 provided with an eyelet 47 on which the valve 46 can be hung, for example by a cord. A thread 45 is provided above the valve 46, which may be used for screwing in a bronze insert 57 (Fig. 7) with rounded edges for the purpose of e.g. the upper edge of the head 43 could not cause any dangerous sparks due to the presence of gases or sparks. During the movement of the piston in the pipe 1 upwards, the valve 46 must of course be removed. It is put on the rope on which it hangs, immediately after pulling the piston from the head 43, in order to avoid gas loss and low pressure as much as possible. The head Fig. 7, here is the pipe 1 and pipe 74 is sealed by a joint packing 75 resting on a ring 76 and being pressed from above, the outer head 72, which slides into an insert 73, provided at the upper widening end of pipe 74, has a fourth head 56, provided at the bottom with openings 71 for the outflow of rock oil gases and at the top into a bronze insert 57. Above the openings 71 there is a latch 59, which slides into the corresponding recess 70 of the inner head 56 The casing 58 of the latch 59 encloses the cover 56, and the latch 59 itself is in a known manner, by means of a threaded bolt 60 rotated by handwheel 61. As long as the piston is in the inner tube 1, the gate 59 remains open. As soon as the piston moves inside the shield 56 above the gate 59, it closes immediately by turning the wheel 61. In this way, any loss of petroleum gas and the loss of low pressure due to the upward movement of the piston are completely avoided during piston. The covers, in which the glands are fixed and the glands, and the gland flanges themselves, can be made either in one piece or, for easier assembly, they can be two-piece or made up of a larger number of parts. when joined together with bolts, rings or the like. The above components of these devices may be replaced by other parts of equal value * PL

Claims

1. Claims, 1, Sealed shaft heads, characterized by the fact that the head includes a permanent or gland seal with respect to the external pipe, sealing the water, tightly inserted into the site, and a slal or gland seal with respect to the inner pipe serving for stamping rock oil and gases, and holes (4, 12, 22 J, leading outward from the annular space between the external and internal pipes 2, Leakproof heads according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the head cover is made as one hull (3,11, 18, 25, 52, 72), including a steel seal / 6r23, 55) or a gland seal (15 * 31J relative to the external xura (5, 24, IX 32jt, gland packing (7, 17, 51) relative to an internal pipe for pistoning, and holes (4, 12, 12) for gas evacuation, 3, Leakproof heads according to claims 1 and 2, characterized by the glands sealing the internal pipe with respect to the casing of the heads are made as surrounding tubes (1), ring-shaped ex esting (19, 26), with upper and lower conical walls, with bolts (21, 28) leading to these spaces, closing the openings (20, 27) through which material is inserted into these spaces (19, 26) sealant, it is wrapped around the pipe (1) and tightened with the screws (21, 28). 4, Leakproof heads according to claim 1, characterized by a joint gland (35, 37) for sealing the outer (39) and inner (1) pipes, the sealant of which, located in the space (28) between the bolts of the pipes, presses against a ring (37) that is pressed by means of threaded - 3 - bolts (36), turned in the corresponding threads of the guard (35). 5. Sealed heads according to claim 1, characterized by a gland (72, 76) common to the outer (74) and inner (1) pipes, the sealant (75) of which rests on a ring (76) in the outer pipe permanently seated and is clamped by a flange (72) that can be inserted into the liner (73) of the outer tube or the tube itself. 6. Sealed heads according to claim 1-5, characterized by a cover (43), constituting the upper end of the inner tube (1), intended for piston, and provided with a seat, which can be closed by a conical valve (46) after removing the piston, connecting openings for gas and rock oil discharge (44) are located below the valve. 7. Sealed heads according to claim A housing (56), which forms an extension of the tube (1) to be stamped, and is closed by means of a slide (59) or the like immediately after the piston passes from the tube (1) to the tube extension. (56) in order to allow the pipe (1) to be closed without loss of pressure and gases in the pipe. 8. The sealed heads according to claim 6 and 7, characterized by an insert (57) of bronze or other non-sparking material, screwed into the end of the shield (43, 56) and provided with rounded edges to facilitate guidance and insertion. piston dishes without any sparking. 9. Sealed heads according to claim Gland 1-8, characterized by a degree (9, 50) in the gland flanges, provided to facilitate lifting the gland after reaching its lowest position. 10. Sealed heads according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 9, characterized by the fact that their hull and gland collars are not made of a single piece but assembled from two or more parts. Stanislaw Prus Szczepanowski. Zasitepca: W. Suchowiak, patent attorney. T) with patent description No. 6337. Ark. i. to Patent No. 6337. Ark.

2. Print by L. Boguslawski, Warsaw. a f j i B l_ I O T E K A | \ Jr7