PL56771B3 - - Google Patents

Description

Concentration of at least the major part of the action of the parapet member support at both ends of the canopy is in the roof pile secured by the front members or the rear member support, while the rack forming one of the two main components of the front member is positioned as close as possible to the front support of the rear section and, if appropriate, as far as the interior of the rear section, the bar of the canopy lying at the rear of the support point lying in the vertical middle plane of the rear section or, if this arm is a double canopy - it lies at a parallel distance from the central plane and extends far back, possibly as far as the rear end of the casing, lying on the side of the prop. The idea of distributing the supporting action of the canopy at its end is fully realized if the part of the canopy on which it is supported is not adjacent or at least not completely adjacent to the ceiling. This can be achieved in the case of, for example, the use, as already stated in the main patent, of spacers mounted in selected points of the end of both or at least one, preferably the front, arm of the canopy, these elements being The spacers are preferably staggered along the canopy. These spacers, depending on the quality of the ceiling, can usually be plates or similar welded on. If this is the case, in particular in the case of a relatively plastic roof, however, it is sufficient to obtain a pressure concentration at the ends of the roof, but usually only an equal expansion of the end part of the roof is sufficient. Most preferably, however, spacers are provided, tilting on many sides in relation to the canopy. Due to the closest possible approximation of the parapet member to the front strut or the group of rear struts, each additional protection of the ceiling field, lying directly above the parapet member support point which cannot be secured by a canopy, which acts essentially only at its end, is in fact redundant, since this roof field is each part of the roof zone already secured by the rear casing member. Such placement of the front section stand, especially with the simultaneous arrangement of the driveway along the wall under the cover of the rear section, results in a desirable shortening of the length of the casing unit, as well as an even more favorable distribution of the overall pressure on the various bearing parts of the rear and front A particular advantage exists if, in accordance with the inventor's long-standing proposal, the frame head of, for example, a four-rack rear section, protrudes canopy protruding on both sides of the front canopy, which are pressed against the ceiling with a large initial tension. The loads absorbed by the ends of these outriggers, even if they are much smaller compared to the load on the front ridge arm, are transferred to the front support of the rear section, which, while remaining independent of the front member, thus serves to protect the front roof field. According to a special feature of the invention, in order to increase the effectiveness of securing the ceiling by the parapet member even more, the props of this member, after each adjustment, which may take place separately or together with the rear member, are supported with a very large support, which the value may be up to the carrying value of the rack. As a rule, the support capacity of this support is greater than that of each individual rear member, and it may also be greater than that of all supports of the rear support. In the case of a specific support structure in the form of a hydraulic prop, this may be done by means of a support amplifier, The principle of operation of which is based on the fact that piston surfaces of different sizes work successively during the expansion time. Such a resistance multiplier can be made, for example, in the form of a vessel surrounding the foot end of a hydraulic prop, which forms a further hydraulic cylinder for the pistons, which is operated by actuation with the same hydraulic medium, directly when the prop is raised or after some time will pass. Preferably, the front member stand is the most load-bearing stand of the whole casing unit. Within the framework of the basic invention, the rear member can also be made so that the support of at least its front stand can be increased and thereby compensate for its contribution. the supporting action, which is consumed by the action of the cantilevers projecting therefrom in this case. Therefore, it would be possible to make slightly weaker rear supports or. the group of the rear struts is connected, since the protection of the roof field belonging to these supports of the rear section is now contributed by the end of the rear canopy of the front section of the canopy. the requirements to be met by the upper parts of the members, according to the casing construction according to the main patent, for the purpose of a planned and predetermined load distribution are provided there as the upper part for the particularly advantageous design of the four-rack rear section, only one a rigid frame, consisting only of longitudinal and transverse beams and then used for such a member instead of it, a closed upper hull of the same size, but with a continuous, flat and closed elongation suitable for the base surface of the member. open inside and covered only by a cover and constituting, according to the main patent, a turning frame that can be moved on its support in relation to large-area closed upper parts, it has a much more favorable and very diverse effect on the ceiling, consistent with the essence of the load distribution (if one ignores the rare cases of a completely flat ceiling), and this action creates design requirements related to the form of the frame and leading to a further very significant benefit. A frame cadence which, because of the empty area existing inside its inner contour, works only with its relatively narrow surfaces, protruding more or less depending on the size of the frame has the ability to concentrate the total load in one place of its surface (namely not exceeding in the most unfavorable case 120 or 140 tons M for a four-rack member, each table having a nominal load of 30 or 40 tons), such as exists in the case of completely enclosed, rectangular or square upper hulls (when such or the flat part is in contact with the top of the ledge on the ceiling. In contrast, with the frame structure of the upper hull, only the total resistance of at most each two or four stands of the four-post prop may occur in one place. Due to the obvious avoidance of the possibility of a harmful effect (splitting the ceiling) of the double pressure concentrated in one place of the ceiling, there is no need for such a load case to adjust the thickness of the frame with a correspondingly large weight. The much lighter weight makes it easier to transport the frame through a narrow wall slope and to handle it. Based on this and on the fact that the conditions of contact with the spag, distributed over the width of the casing members, e.g. a four-stand support, do not differ significantly from the contact with the ceiling, the invention goes even further than the main patent and provides for the use of a frame structure According to a peculiar feature of the invention, the disadvantage of the design of such a rigid frame beam provided for in the main patent, i.e. its relatively large dimensions, very inconvenient to use in low and narrow headings, especially in the case of in the preparation of thin decks, where the saving of only one centimeter may be decisive, is removed due to the fact that the longitudinal members supporting the frame roots according to the main pallet form a frame that is as narrow as possible, consisting of two box sections and two short sections crossbars with bushing elements placed on the stands, while the crossbars may functionally constitute these elements Box profiles provided with lateral chambers prove to be particularly useful for the longitudinal beam of such a frame beam, since this enables not only reliable welding of the bushings inserted into these side chambers, but also advantageous in the desired manner in order to form short crossbars. the purpose, as close as possible, bring these profiles closer together to form a narrow frame. A frame casing with an even narrower width, i.e. the narrowest frame, is created in accordance with a further feature of the invention, thanks to the fact that the head of the stand is made in the form of a thin journal and therefore it is possible to adapt a pan with a suitably small diameter. In order now to adapt the structures of this type of frame beams to the staggered mounting on the supporting stands or pairs of stands, in accordance with the essence of the main patent, such short crossbars, which form bushings or bearing seats, are embedded at small intervals, in accordance with the essence of the main patent. in this case, directly adjacent to each other, in the area required for support. The maneuverability of the frame, in which the bearing seats are not located under the stringer as in the main patent, but are embedded in the plane lying above, longitudinally between the parts is achieved as a result of: the use of pairs of bearing seats, one of which is with the opening downwards and the other with the opening upwards, or by means of adjacent bearing bushings, one is open downwards and the other upwards alternately. The dimensions are of course related both to the described rear part of the housing as well as to the parapet part. For this reason, the frames which form the canopy here are made in essentially the same way as in the first case, only in the form of elongated dimensions adapted to each substitute structure, and in connection with a specific element of the bearing seats and cross-sections are used with a tafc% saihti advantage.For this reason, it is envisaged to use such a narrow frame as a canopy of a parapet member, or with the same benefit as a riser for two trestle members, or again depending on the desired load distribution as - for an ordinary canopy, movable on stands, as a maneuverable or adjustable and maneuverable parapet bar, or adapted to two-rack members and, of course, by analogy, as elongators of a spag frame or two-rack spag hulls. 15 In the rare cases where it is difficult to stand the above-mentioned box profiles in parallel, forming a sufficiently strong upper part of the members or their base, and when, for example, the upper part of the rear two-upright section is enclosed on the side by 20 arms of a fork-shaped canopy connected by a which necessitates a further reduction of the canopy width due to the lack of space, canopies can be made of adjoining and connected profiles with bearing seats embedded in this case under these profiles. Such a case is appropriate especially when the advantages of the structure can be additionally used. of all these canopies or roof frames in such a way that many auxiliary elements (e.g. springs for articulated joints, guide springs, extendable canopies, flexible pipes, etc.) can be placed in the interior of the profiles. Because at the end of the upper part of the front section that protrudes to the hewn side, there is now not only a greater but - due to its special deliberate unfolding - there is also always a guaranteed much greater degree of operation than with the usual casing methods, therefore, as a further significant advantage of the invention, it is possible to deprotect one part of this support in order to use it for protection. the roof by means of a canopy extending directly into an area not covered by a proper casing and obtained each time after the mining machine has passed. .. - -. ¦;: ¦¦ • ¦ - For this purpose, Uioga is usually used overlapping canopies or similar means, not permanently attached to the beam 1 attaching the casing. ', Boniewaz: however ^ this is a solution from the point of view ;; meclianiza ^ ji and In order to fulfill the stated task, while maintaining the requirements of a new casing system, a further feature of the invention, particularly the preferred auxiliary canopy structures, is provided for. sliding-forward «from drawing, it is possible-to achieve the desired and direct support of the roof field, each time discovered behind the cutting machine, with the possibility of carrying" heavy loads, and in a real effective manner; ^ "" "and ~ * Z '[.? \ \ i. \ ~ ¦, •; • -¦.T. This sliding support element is called in the following rcijag. of the description, the feed bar, which can: extend forward, each time directly behind the machine the cutting beam is attached to the side or, in this case, under the roof beam, and in the case of using a box-shaped profile of this beam, "it is embedded in the interior of this profile! ALFIO in the case of a profile having a side chamber - in this side chamber. The feed trestle consists of a longitudinally sliding elastic hull, preferably a spring package, the end of which protruding freely from the inside of the roof beam is provided with a clamping plate in the form of a skid, which is pressed to the roof under the pretension of the resilient hull of a special design and mounted for this purpose in a specific way in the roof beam. This preloaded spring package is moved forward as required by a specific shifter, e.g. a piston and a cylinder mounted next to or inside the beam In order to maintain the possible constant elastic pressure of such a sliding spring canopy, an intermediate element can be mounted underneath it, pulled out by sliding on the canopies an intermediate element with a deliberately elongated shape, the height of which preferably corresponds to the distance existing between the upper surface of the pressure plate and the upper edge of the ceiling beam May. Such an arrangement, in the case of a flat roof, makes it possible to extend the feed bar without reducing its pressure to the roof by the amount by the amount by which the front edge of the last mentioned spacer in the form of an elastic element or which may constitute the lower tongue of the spring package, is moved backwards from the lower edge of the open end of the roof bar. The desired section of the road of the feed bar, while maintaining its constant pressure, can be ensured according to a further feature of the invention, e.g. by a diagonal cut of the roof bar, as a result of which the lower bar is extended forward. the leading edge of this beam, the flat springs, which in the assembly form each feed bar according to a preferred form, have a deliberately increasing thickness from the upper to the lower spring, and the length of the individual springs is gradually reduced in a known manner from the upper to the lower springs. Relatively large "pre-tension" with which the traverse can be moved from the traverse beam the entrance to the exposed roof field and which, especially in a double or multiple roof system, may be in most of 1 t, thanks to the fact that in the last phase of lifting and pressing the roof beam to the ceiling, both The head, the pressure plate of the traverse, protruding by a certain size above the surface of the taper beam, which is still in the lowered position, touches the ceiling earlier than the body itself supporting it, as a result of which the roof beam, which is further lifted by the extendable stands, may contact with the roof only after overcoming the high elastic resistance of the feed bar. According to the invention, the feed bar is brought back to the starting position - to ensure that during ^ forward advance {part-56771 9 when the roof bar is lowered and the feed bar is supported by it, the spring elements of which are therefore in the Without the load, the feed bar, which is moved together with the roof bar, strikes the new side bar and is consequently pushed into the roof bar. Of course, the traverse can be brought to the starting position also by means of a double-acting motor. In addition, with the traverse runners embedded in the beam or beams of the edge section, or instead of them, with auxiliary rails of a similar design, they can be the long pre-load-bearing canopies provided for this purpose, embedded in the rear member in the form of a multi-rack support, in particular because, according to a preferred embodiment, they are box profiles in which springs or springs can be accommodated. spring packages. During the movement phase, in which such equipped tilting canopies extending the supports are automatically tilted up after the end of the prop stroke, the protruding spring canopy, the same as the already mentioned spring feeder canopy, touch the ceiling earlier than rails supporting them. If, under the influence of the pressure of the hydraulic cylinder, the extension canopies are raised or, in a given case, as a result of a prop that goes up even further, the organs supporting the spring canopies continue to rise, then the spring canopies, already in contact with the ceiling, are subjected to further stress and are The interconnection of the rear and front members to form a support unit, the main components of which, however, act independently of each other on the ceiling, for example, such that the support member of the front section it is mounted in the hull of the rear linkage member made in the form of a frame or a block support. According to a further embodiment, advantageous in a specific case, the parachute member may also have its own welding gun, which can be seated as close to the rear member as possible and articulated or permanently connected to it and resilient or may be independent of it. the individual casing members are moved successively in a so-called infeed step. During the advance of a casing unit thus assembled, a known safety device is used to keep the individual members in a predetermined direction of feed. Known safety devices for this purpose, e.g. a profile drag attached to the parachute member and extending into the middle region of the rear member, are not sufficient to fulfill their function in mining conditions, at least in the walking shoe according to the invention. Particularly they do not guarantee the maintenance of wear and tear. The full straight forward movement of the casing, on an uneven foot, and do not prevent the casing from slipping on a fall, especially in the case of a large lap and with large steps when the casing is advanced. Apparently, the complexity of the problem has not been known so far, the difficulties of which are mainly due to the fact that the force which, during the feed movement of the casing, comes from the rear section sliding on an inclined spout or hindering the sliding, affects the bad - the guiding part of the casing members is a force applied to the long lever and acting in the form of a torque on the hull of the forward linkage. A force which, depending on the degree of inclination of the spag and the type of structure and weight of the rear part, may generate however, the torque of several hundred kilograms, and even sometimes over a thousand kilograms, must nevertheless be balanced. Moreover, it cannot be overlooked that, with the increase in the thickness of the deck and the associated increase in the height of the casing, the possibility of tilting or overturning the casing increases during the movement of the casing, and that this danger should be prevented, as well as the sliding of the casing. According to the invention, technical measures are proposed in The invention envisages the following measures, which, depending on the existing conditions, are used individually or in a specific set for the guide connection of the two housing members by means of a guide known in principle what. a) At each infeed step of the rear shell member, the pressure of the front support member of the shell is purposefully concentrated in at least two places of the broadened hull of the forward shell of the shell in a given case, located at a specific distance from the vertical axis of the support, so that the hull of the bolting machine is positioned on the spag before turning. If, after each shift, leading only by such a short time, the rear face is advanced so that the rock mass pressure does not arise, which later protects the spider hull from turning, the front link support supporting said guide drag becomes supported with normal support, a more effective and sufficient, at least for medium loads, securing of the guide rod in its working position is already achieved. In order to increase this effect, the pressure surface of the hull of the earthworm may be provided with ribs or other protrusions increasing the adhesion to the spag. b) In order to also meet the more stringent requirements for guiding a heavy casing, especially in more inclined decks, the invention as a further decisive measure envisages an increase in this force, which directly after each complete support of the front afelon acts as the only force for the hull of the bolting machine and thus fixes the guide drag immediately in its working position. This force is a sub-shoulder produced artificially in the stand, which is increased in a certain manner, n and p. by mounting the sub-backward amplifier in the rack. 35 4056771 11 c) As a further measure for the same purpose, it is envisaged that the joist joist of the front end joining or extending to the side of the rear end hull, provided that the side spaces existing between the two with links, it also serves as a guiding element when the rear link is moved. In this case, the lowering path of the roof beam, freed from the roof during each stroke of the casing section, is limited in this way (in this case by stepping, for example tenons, slats or the like, with downward eyelid). in order not to exceed the height of the profile of the ceiling beam of another member, remaining at the ceiling in each case. As a result, by applying the measures previously mentioned in a) and b) at the spag, an effective guidance security is achieved, preventing the casing members from tipping over even under the harshest operating conditions. on the front joist beam, used for mutual guidance of the support members, the measures given in point a) are provided, and the increased supporting force (means b) also forces the said roof joist. a new casing would be detrimental to the desired and targeted load distribution, according to a peculiarity of the invention, the guide drag is cogenerating, for example a wide flat spring or a spring pack, and is preferably mounted slightly above the foot in a manner permitting limitation combined movements in a vertical plane, e.g. by means of a hook bend or a hinge, deliberately placed near the edge of the square and possibly the forward edge of the forward hull of the forward welding gun. The guiding drag deliberately extends to the end of the main section, preferably even further to the filling field. The guide element may, in a given case, also be made in the form of forks, the blades of which guide the rear member on its outer sides. Instead of using a guide bar as a rule in the center of the casing, it is possible to insert one guide bar, on one side of both members, for example in side channels provided at the outer edge of the rear section. 50 In the case of using a center guide beam, the paraplegic member can also be mounted on the side. In order to allow the desired, especially on an inclined deck, to change or correct the direction of the march 55, the housing unit, with a stroke motion, without taking the attention to the inconvenience resulting from the need to simultaneously release both members for this purpose, i.e. to move them away from the ceiling, according to a further feature of the invention, a play may be provided between the sides of the guide beam and the walls of the channel in which it is guided, the play being it enables limited lateral or lateral tilting of one component with respect to the other. 65 Since this play must be removed or limited if necessary, in order to enable the fixing of the guide bar in each new position, means are provided for this purpose, for example, eccentrics, angle levers, wedges, spindles, thrust pins, stop pins and similar elements which can be operated mechanically or hydraulically or manually. Provided that the guide element located longitudinally in the lower part of the housing, as well as the guiding beam of the front sectional joist, is secured against overturning, each time immediately after the shifting of this part is completed, both these guide elements may constitute resistance enabling, according to a further feature of the invention, the installation of cross-sectional sliders in the form of levers, spindles, actuators, especially with double-action or controlled devices of this type between the rear and the front of the housing. These double-acting cross-slide shifters are fixed important between each common resistance at the rear member and the resistance engaging the guiding drag, but allowing for longitudinal movements of the drag, they enable rhythmic movement of the support unit transversely to the axis of the members or diagonally to the direction of the support march, in which the known shifting of the support units takes place in the direction of the march, consisting of two members connected one after the other, by means of a slide connecting both segments, while the first displaced member is pushed by the slide from the still second segment, and the last one is then pulled to the previously displaced In addition, it is possible to use a similarly operating cross-shifter for the same purpose, also in the roof-top parts, by two members if there is the required and previously specified play, whereby, as already mentioned, these ceiling parts also serve to guide each other two casing members. When, in a particularly advantageous case, a controllable hydraulic cylinder is used as a cross slide according to a special feature of the invention for the forward movement with simultaneous transverse movement of consecutively connected and successively displaced casing elements, a connection is provided for each of these taffeta elements hydraulic pressure chambers of the hydraulic shifter for the forward movement of the housing, and pressure chambers of the hydraulic shifter for transverse displacement of the housing, and moreover pressure chambers influencing the tilting of the spreading beams fixed in a given case in the housing, the driving wedge of which is activated by a controlled actuator, all of these The pressure chambers are connected simultaneously with the fluid supply line by opening only one valve. Details and further features of the invention result from the further description of its embodiment shown in the drawing in which Fig. presents in a side view the first embodiment of the casing unit 56771 according to the invention, made of a rear section in the form of a frame or a block equipped with only two stands, and of a front section equipped with a roof hull consisting of two independent longitudinal canopies and a stand with a support amplifier , Fig. 2 is a top view of the casing according to Fig. 1, Fig. 3 - a top view of the casing in a reduced scale, Fig. 4 - viewed in the direction of the arrow in Fig. 3, a particular embodiment of the roof beam a frame section and the narrowest particular form of the aforementioned roof beam, Fig. 3a - in enlarged scale and side view, and Fig. 3 - section A - A, according to Fig. 3 - a detail of this Fig. 3, Fig. 3c - a variation of this detail, Fig. 5 - a view of another embodiment of a casing unit, consisting of one four-stand prop and a parapet section again equipped with a frame roof beam similar to the front. 3 and 4, fig. 5a - a variation of one component of the embodiment according to fig. 1, 2 and 5, fig. 6 - side view, fig. 6a, - section A-A in fig. 6 and Fig. 7 is a top view of a casing unit, consisting of a rear section in the form of a four-stand, provided with articulated extension bars, and a parapet section with frames made of a pair of transversely connected but ending parallel longitudinal canopies, fig. 8 - the casing according to fig. 7 seen in a partial section with a view of its lower parts, and fig. 9 - in a reduced scale, partly in section, a slightly changed detail of fig. 8 as can be seen in fig. 1 - 3, the two-column support, forming the rear part of the casing, consists of the buttress hull 1 with the stand sockets 2 and the stands 3 and 4, which are set at a distance sufficient to create a working path 14. Treble hull 5, resting on stands in the hemisphere of these bearing attachments 6 and made of jointlessly connected to each other by welding box profiles, and of bearing attachments mounted underneath in this case, as shown in more detail in Fig. 4, is an example of the previously mentioned case, in which has a roof hull of a double-post rear prop, held in place by narrow rear forks (Fig. 2 and 3) of the parapet beam, requires a low and narrow structure and sufficiently strong.As it can also be seen in Figs. 1 and 2, the rack 26 of the front member, equipped with a support amplifier 28, is positioned on the extension of the landing hull 1 at such a distance from of the rear stand 3 is connected, with the inactive part of the joist joist connected, although pressed directly by the stand 26, due to the spacing elements 50a, 50b, 51a, 5lb fixed here on both ends of the rails 41a, 41b, lies in one where the ceiling is still sufficiently secured by the action of the rear part of the casing, in particular the front end of its riser beam 5 or its supporting stand 3, as can also be seen in Figs. 1 and 2, the riser beams 41a, 41b, which are of equal length and depending on what pressure distribution is taken into account in a given case, they may also have a different length, are mounted staggeringly longitudinal leg, and each of them is tilted to all sides, through the articulated-spherical roots 33a, 33b on the side arms 32a, 32b, the cross-member 31, in accordance with one embodiment of the main patent and providing for This means that a small gap between the aforementioned single canopies is obtained, the cross-bar being also inclined on all sides and supported by the stand 26. It is perfectly understandable that this kind of operation is ensured and is movable in all directions the seating of at least all the canopies, the division of the bearing capacity of one stand into four predetermined also appropriately multiplied areas, may contribute to the desired and proper treatment of the ceiling. Fig. 1 and partly in Fig. 2 show how the casing member is pushed forward in a one-step manner by means of a shifter consisting of a cylinder 15 and a piston 16 and connected by a connector 17 to the front ener 19. Of course, two adjacent housing units of this type can be connected to each other by a suitable, well-known drive stick and moved forward with a swinging step. However, if special reasons, e.g. the nature of the steep deck, dictate the use of a more compact ceiling element compared to the versatile movable single canopies, then, according to the special feature of the invention mentioned above, equal solder) similar single canopies are connected to each other to form the narrow frames mentioned, namely in such a way a preferred method, as also already mentioned and now shown, for example in Figs. 3, 3a, 3b, 3e and 5, using as the crossbar a bushing member 37a, $ 7fc, or 4Ba, 42b instead of the above-described collapsible crossbars 31 form a base r *** r5 \ placed on the stand. * As can be seen in Fig. 30, at * zusfmwanm of the bearing element with stringers, this element is overlapped with longitudinal members 34a, 34b, 43a, 43b, provided in the box profiles. With the same effect, essentially certain profiles <(43a, 43b) are used for this purpose as frame members <(43a, 43b) they have at least one chamber-shaped side. In principle in both cases, the most preferred profiles, according to a particular feature of the invention, are box profiles of the structure shown in Fig. 3b (34a, 34b) or a substantially equivalent or similar form. larger than the aforementioned narrow frames, it results from the construction given in Fig. 3c, according to which a bearing element is used to form a crossbar with smaller lateral dimensions, and a stand with a narrow head 45 as a support for a roof beam. 65 a crosspiece 35 40 45 50 55w formed of two reciprocally arranged pan lupines 4 a, 49b, allows the frame to be restored on the stand directly after each rotation. In the case of choosing exhaling parietal lupines, as shown in Fig. 3b, it is possible to reciprocally arrange them, but only in the side-by-side arrangement (37a, 37b) in Fig. 5. One very advantageous, inter alia, possibility to make the staggered roof beam even more useful for the variable and purposeful distribution of pressure or load in the housing in accordance with the essence of the main patent consists in that - as shown only by way of example for individual staggered roofs 41a, 41b on the supports 32a, 32b of the collapsible cross-member 31, shape the ceiling beam asymmetrically so that in one working position it has a support surface that affects the ceiling differently in terms of load distribution than the support surface in the second working position. This is the idea to illustrate on the basis of a further example, a frame front member, such as shown in Figs. 6 and 7, the stringers of which have a long bottom flange and a short top. A different flange forms a cork which is floating on both sides, but which acts differently on the ceiling in each of its offset positions, if only instead of one-sidedly used bearing bushings 37a, 37b, double-acting crossbars (e.g. 42a, 42b in Fig. 3c). Embedding this adjustable element in the roof beam is expedient above all in those cases where this element is used not only as a lifting device but also as a feed element, as shown in the description of Fig. 6 and 7. Roof frames, which due to their independent release from the roof when the casing or its members are moved, e.g., roof beams 34a, 34b, only in an upwardly bent crossbar 39 or, e.g., a roof frame of a four-stand support 6 and 7, there is only one front bend 13, and such bent crossbars do not impede the use of the frames, provided they are, as indicated at 46 in FIG. 6, are connected detachably to the stringers by means of, for example, a screw joint, which allows them to be staggered to fit. Example of a housing unit according to Figs. 3 and 4, especially equipped with the narrowest possible ceiling elements, preferably with of the frame form, has proved to be particularly advantageous in the ascended configuration. The dashed unit in Fig. 3, according to which, the casing unit combined with a clip unit and a two-rack rear member in order to achieve load sharing in the direction of the dips, may be supplemented with a second rear segment, positioned preferably on the common spag plate, in front of or below the existing two-rack section, thus creating a casing unit with a four-rack rear section, as in the arrangement according to fig. 5, with the structural difference that the first floor frame of the front section is connected, as shown in -fig. 5, does not work with both 56771 In the rear longitudinal canopy, but only one, lower or upper longitudinal canopy that surrounds. a device composed of any elements of the casing, e.g. a hydraulically tilted canopy together with a package of springs, a simple or sliding structure, or a manually attached auxiliary canopy, etc., to influence the load distribution according to the plan and to protect the roof field from the second rear a new member. Of course, this can be done taking into account the need for a targeted structure, e.g. beams bent from above, etc. In order to achieve a targeted load distribution, it is also possible to make a second additional two-rack member so that its front rack is aligned with rack 26, whereby. the deck plate and the roof hull should be changed accordingly 5. In the embodiment according to Fig. 5, according to which the rear member is a four-stand support composed of a front pair of uprights 3a, 3b and a rear pair of uprights 4a, 4b moved away from the first On the width of the working road 14, the roof structure of this member being a frame made of two longitudinally 11b, 11b and two crossbars 12, 13. This four-rack member is provided, as usual, with a shoulder box 1 - with a completely flat bottom and upright thrust sockets 2, made in the form of a hull bearing the rigid load of a group of stands. This buttress hull, like the roof hull, can also be made in the form of a frame composed of the same profiles, for the same reasons and with almost the same advantages as in the case of the already mentioned particular embodiment of the invention. In this case, the spag hull includes the means for securing the pressure plates, skids and similar to its underside. All substantially the same frame forms as provided for by the invention for the roof hull can be used. in this regard, it is only envisaged where it is required to purposefully mount a mechanical accessory, such as a slider. Of course, on such a framed adjoining hull of the casing, various parts can be mounted, for example, stand sockets 2 needed to hold the stands. According to Fig. 5, the part of the inactive relative to the ceiling 55 and the roof frame 26 located above the stand, connected with a parapet, is provided with the plate spacer 52 puts on the convergingly bent arms 35a, 35b its longitudinally 34a, 34b, it lies more here: the gray, protected by the rear casing member 60, than in the embodiment according to fig. 1: 2. As can be seen, the stand 26 positioned in this place, as in Figs. 1 and 2, on the extension of the buttress hull, it not only occupies a position very close to the C3 sections 3a, 3b of the rear section, but also the stringers 56 771 17 W frame lla, llb are pushed forward, as far as the common line with the stand 26. From Figs. 1 - 5 of the figures, it is also visible how the major part of the support of the side stand member can be spread over the shorter ceiling arms. 34 *, 34b from the support point towards the side wall and through the clamping plates 50a * 50b, 52 as far as the side wall. This takes place according to the embodiment according to figures 1 and 2, and lig. 5 in the ratio of about 2: 3, which numerically means that in the case of the stand bearing capacity 26 of 20 tons, each canopy carries 10 tons, of which on the side of the side (6 + 6) 12 tons, and on the back (4 + 4) = 8 t affects the ceiling. In the example shown in Figs. 6 and 7, this ratio is 1: 2, and in the case of a resistance, e.g. 24 t, 16 t acts on the side of the side, and 8 t - on the back. If now the specific suggestion already described according to According to the invention, according to which the front end of the canopy, the load concentrating 20 is constructed sufficiently strongly in the form of an adjustable or sliding element along the canopy, then the active ratio of the canopy arm lengths can be changed in the simplest way also in order to obtain a more accurate and desired value. As is perfectly understandable and therefore does not require a drawing, the said change can be made by means of a deliberately telescopic canopy extender, longitudinally displaced with no gradation or with small strokes, the extender being intentionally profiled either a solid socket element or a purposefully sleeve socket element. This canopy extension can also be made in the form of two-blade or multi-blade self-locking forks, or easily fixed by pins, etc., and is provided with connections for mounting pressure plates or the like. The strength amplifier 28 is not yet in scope According to the prior art, it essentially consists, as shown in FIG. 1, of a dashed line, of one short cylinder 29 and a piston 30 in the form of a vessel, at the bottom of which rests the foot of the stand 26. The operation of this support booster is that its vascular piston element surrounding the foot of the stand, as already indicated above, has a much larger working surface than the piston element of the core of the stand. Consequently, when the same pressure of the working medium is used, for example, for a three times larger surface of the support amplifier piston 30, the uprights can be supported with three times the strength. By appropriate selection of the ratio of the size of the piston area of the stand and the amplifier, and also additional increase in the pressure of the working medium in the amplifier, it is possible to increase the load-bearing capacity to any selected degree. the resistance is 5 t, and at the same pressure of the factor and the area of the piston of the amplifier, which is 200 cm2, it increases to 20 t, of which each time according to the possible ratio of the length of the canopy arms, depending on the length of the rear part of the housing in which the longer and backward arm and from the attainable length of the front arm of the canopy, almost three-quarters, i.e. 15 tons, works in the parachute field. The highest possible strength of the stand is taken into account at the same rate as the footprint. on the effect of ceiling pressure in the adjacent field. In order to, in a given case, increase the absolute value of this share to the value of the bearing capacity of the stand, as already mentioned, special measures of greater importance are introduced to control the roof in the parachute field and to further influence - the entire area of the excavation, with As provided in the embodiment example according to Figs. 6-8, a particularly strong stand 27 with a load-bearing capacity enabling the achievement of the purpose in question is fitted. Like the front part of the stand, also, as already mentioned, the rear part, especially its parapet stand can be be supported with increased strength by means of a strength enhancer. This is particularly advantageous when additional tilting canopies are extended forward and supported by the rear casing member. Such a structure is shown in Figs. 6 and 7. The four-legged support shown in the figures in the form of a rear section is it is connected to the front section only by means of the guide element described later, which ensures the spontaneous movement of each of the two sections. The sole stand 27 of the front section, equipped with a support amplifier 28, is positioned on its own welded hull 40, as can be seen - close to the line joining the two stands 3a, 3b to the rear section. From the crossbar 13, bent downwards and running along the a certain distance under the canopies 34a, 34b of the front section and through the rear crossbar 12, to the open inside (at worst, closed by means of a shield not shown in the drawing, mounted spring and directing stones to the support) and complementing the frame, longitudinally , 11b of the rear section, are arranged with hydraulically actuated extension bars 21a, 21b, which, lowered and raised by means of wedges 24a, 24b, actuated by actuators 23a, 23b, can be pressed with great force against the roof. According to the presented example, these the extension canopies are provided with pressure plates 54a, 54b in the form of hulls tilted on trunnions. The individual rails 34a, 34b are connected by a common clamping plate 53 and, as already mentioned, in the place of the support with a stand, by means of two corrugated supports 37a, 37b, which together with the transverse rails 38, are used to form transverse joists. adjacent to each other bearing attachments ensures the displacement of the frame by the width of the base. As a supplement to this, according to the invention, a connector, similar to the one already described, may be provided for a more precise adjustment of the ratio of the length of the canopy arms to the device mounted at the front end of the canopy, this connector being provided at the rear end of the canopy. the adjustable canopy of the front part and is set in the working position when the canopy is moved forward, and released - when the canopy is folded back. Figs. 6 and 7 show a further basic embodiment of the described and discussed device for use the method of supporting the fresh in each case discovered by the mining machine of the roof field, the method being the most effective if, on the basis of the above-described proposals according to the invention, is now applied in the area adjacent to the parachute, in fact large subdivisions. of the figure, the feed bars 60a, 60b, consisting of a set of springs, are mounted in the box, the ribbed profiles of the two twin canopies 34a, 34b. The ends of these spring bundles, in a tensioned state achieved in the manner previously indicated, are bent downwards (Fig. 6), so that the pressure plate 55 is flush with the pressure plate 53 connecting the roof beams 34a, 34b, and when the spring packages are not under tension, the pressure plate 55, marked with a dashed line, protrudes above the level of the plate 53. The springs have a stepped offset , the upper, most forwardly projecting springs of the two packages are provided with lugs 61a, 61b through which a common transverse rod 62 is attached. This rod 62 is connected to the piston 63 suspended on the lug 64 of the actuator, which The two spring packages are moved forward immediately after the cutting machine has passed and the new roof field has been discovered. The pressure plate 55, common to the two traverses 60a, 60b, slides along the ceiling, overcoming the existing friction, which is made possible by a specially bent end 56 for this purpose. As mentioned previously, the lower particularly thick tongue 65 of the spring packet is separated sliding as far back as possible from the spacer and the most forward edge 66 of the diagonally cut end of the joist. Such a construction ensures that the initial tension of the spring bundle is kept intentionally unchanged over the greater part of its possible stroke. Almost the same effect can be achieved if the spacer is made up of two parts, one of which then forms the raised edge of the roof beam 66, and the other, located at the rear, is seated on a spring pack which it pulls along with it as it travels to the roof. The insertion of such extension canopies has already been described above. The arrangement which arises when, in the event of a particularly bad condition of the roof, not only the two roof rails 34a, 34b of the front casing section, but also the rails 21a, 21b extending from the rear member frame are provided with such girders is, like its operation, essentially the same and therefore needs no further explanation. The simultaneous use of feeder canoes, embedded both in the roof beams of the front section, and also such canopies, embedded with high pressure on the canopy of the rear section, is very advantageous if each of the two sections, according to their design The figure shown in FIGS. 6, 7, 8 and 9 may be moved by itself in single steps to the front. In this case, the floor field supported by the feed bars, during the operation of releasing the front section bars from the roof for the forward advance of the front section, is further secured by means of the rear section section bars. As regards the design and operation of the devices already described, ensuring the correct guidance of the self-displaced casing members according to Figs. 6, 7 and 8, as well as correcting their direction of movement and allowing the members to be moved transversely to their longitudinal axis, First, it follows from the figures given that the guide drag 70 permanently connected to the buttress hull 40 of the stand 27 of the front part constitutes, according to the illustrated embodiment, a flat spring, forming a hook 71 in each spag club 40 and fixed sideways stiffness, this part bent downwards to the plate 40 of the spline hull, but with the possibility of limited and elastic deflection on a vertical plane, this sipresin being guided in the channel 72 located in the rigid butt hull of the four stand main body and it may also have a bend partially resting on the bottom of this channel. In the example shown, this spring, also with its bent end downwards, extends beyond the lower edge of the rear section, located on the proppant side. Favorable conditions, especially when using the casing according to the invention in products with strong flatness. spag, it may be sufficient to limit the lateral play between the guideway and the walls of the guide channel, constant from front to center, to a fine average value only needed for sliding movement, the housing vibrates in the direction of feed. In the event that there is already greater play, it can be reduced by the use of the aforementioned locking elements. 8 and 9 of the drawings show, for example, 50 embodiments of the means provided according to the invention with which the much more demanding requirements for guiding and adjusting the direction of feed of the casing members under more unfavorable conditions, i.e. uneven or even slightly inclined slope, can be met. deck. Referring to Figs. 8 and 9, the guide spring 70 is seated in the slide channel 72 with a large lateral play which, of course, when previously released from connection with the aforementioned and any existing slack reset devices, allows for the limited mutual lateral displacement (Fig. 8) of the two members and for the lateral tilting movements. In the example shown, drag 70 is surrounded in two places by bushings 73 embedded in 4556771 21 22 transversely slidably in the main body and even in one that still allows its sliding motion. The sleeves 73 occurring in the area of the channel 72 are connected at points 75a, 75b with the rear element by means of one, in the present case, controlled actuator 74a, 74b. The actuators 74a, 74b rest on the casing member, each with a pressure set. rock mass, or the support force, are now able to move the drag 70 of the anterior segment and thus itself, after it has been released by lowering the rack 27, depending on which of the two chambers of one or both of the cylinders is controlled separately or together, the drag 70 is moved in one direction or the other transverse to its longitudinal axis or in any other oblique direction, within the limits defined by the clearance or stroke of the actuators. its new position by supporting the stand 27, and in any case sufficiently increasing its support by means of a reinforcement and as a result also fixing this link on the guideway 70, previously released and sufficiently lowered rear member, can now, as a result of actuation of actuators 74a, 74b resting them on drag 70, be adjusted, depending on the need, parallel or more or less oblique position. of previously displaced rod 70. Instead of the sleeves, which are only shown by way of example as holding elements for the transverse slide devices, there can also be a complete guide channel from which they form a certain part. Moreover, it may turn out to be purposefully connected by means of rods 76a, 76b 35 to form an articulated parallelogram. Provided that the conditions permit, to the already existing by means of the said actuators, the securing of the guide bar in the direction of the march of the casing members may be provided as an additional securing with one of the abovementioned brackets or slack limiters, e.g. conical studs fitted as needed, holes 78 made for this purpose, and after each displacement of the allbo casing members also for the purpose of 45 improving the control of this operation, this additional security is set up somewhat earlier in the operation and maintained therein until it becomes necessary to change or correct the direction of travel of the housing unit again. 50 W. As appropriate, the erasers or the slack limiters may be connected in a deliberate arrangement to the shifter cylinder. Pressure and tension screws with dimensions and structure adapted to the displacement of the housing can in fact fulfill both functions themselves and serve both for the transverse displacement of the members and for their mutual securing in each direction of their movement. Only their appropriate adaptation can be particularly advantageous. 1 and 5a indicate the possibility of shortening, in a further development of the invention, the structural length of the casing unit in the linear direction and thus limiting the width of the enclosed field. The idea of shifting the parapet stand further back into the area protected by the rear member for this purpose is impeded in the case of using a two-quality rear member that this is where the front member of this member stands. If a four-rack rear section is used, it is difficult to reseat the rack of the front section in line with both front racks of the rear section, because then it would be impossible to obtain a transition from the working path located in this section to the holding field, especially since in the direction of the fall, one housing unit is positioned next to the other. The invention solves this problem in that the element previously described as a support amplifier 28 and consisting of a ball piston 30 surrounding the outer part 26a of the stand 26 and then connected to it and a cylinder 20, is further developed structurally so that it is now able, in addition to its hitherto function as an enhancer, to serve as an independent support of the housing unit, while maintaining a self-contained stool positioned in its protruding piston. depending on the need, it can fully replace one or two of the abovementioned racks on the way to apologies to the inside of the casing of said operations to shorten the casing unit, which could be replaced, for example, by the rack 3 in fig. 1 or both stands 3a, 3b in FIG. 5. For this purpose, the piston 30 and the cylinder 29, previously acting as a strength enhancer of the support element, are expediently extended upwards only to a height as indicated in FIG. 1, that the periphery of the hollow piston 30 protrudes from the cylinder 29, and in this piston, as can be seen especially in Fig. 5, at its periphery appropriate fastening elements 81 are mounted a movable frame yoke 80 which does not interfere with the It is necessary to grasp the head of the stand bearing at the bottom of the hollow piston at the top. The choke forms or is provided with lateral consoles 82 as a result of a particular design. Thus, when used in the embodiment of the casing according to FIGS. 1 and 2, it can form a movable base for canopies 41a, 41b which is equivalent to the base of the crossbar 31. As indicated by the dashed line in FIG. 1, the front end 8 of the roof beam 5 of the rear section, moved forward by the section thus saved in the section length, rests now on the stand 26 embedded in the hollow background 30. In the case of using such two single stands mounted coaxially one in the other, each consisting of a skirt and a blanket, each having its own operating range, and which form a double support according to the embodiment of Fig. 5, the stand 26 is still a support Roof rails 34a, 34b, front section made in the form of narrow frames (especially very advantageous for adaptation to such a coaxial double support) and the piston 30 equipped with the described yoke, there would be two front, rear legs Ba, 3b, and it supports the front ends longitudinally il, llb. Of course, there is also a need to introduce minor structural changes in order to harmonize these elements with each other in their new positions. If both single roof beams 41a, 41D, and aa supported by a lower stand made of amplifier 28 of this double stand with a force of 30 t, and the end 8 of the rear roof beam 5 is supported by a stand 26 supported by the aforementioned lower stand of the double stand and it acts on the ceiling also with a force of 30 t, then the support of the lower stand must be (30 + 30 ) = 60 t In the case of the fall of the casing structure according to Fig. 5, a suitably redesigned lower stand of the coaxial double stand, supporting the longitudinal end lla * lb through its yoke 80 (see especially Fig. 5a) should carry 90 t, if each replaced through it, the stands 3a \ 3b of the rear locked section have a support of 30 t, and if, moreover, an internal stand 26, which, as before, supports the frame 34a, 34b has a load capacity of 30 t (2 x 30) + 30 = 90 t. The above detailed examples of the embodiment and implementation of the basic idea of the invention are not completely exhaustive, and of course, changes within the scope of the invention are still possible and not First of all, the invention is not limited to the equivalent and joint application of all solutions, but some of these solutions may be used alone or in combination with other devices and methods of enclosure, which are generally mentioned at the outset. they can be used with all known casing systems, where there is always a specific advantage. '* ° PL

Claims (32)

1. Patent claims 1. 2. Method of supporting the roof in wall workings from the work front without stands, by means of walking and hydraulic or mechanically operated support units, each of which consists of one rear part, supporting the area of the wall excavation on the side of the fill and one front face. securing the parapet area of the excavation by means of one or multiple roof joists, supported in only one place, and whose parapet frame freely supports the ceiling so strongly that, depending on the selected prop of the stand supporting the roof beam, a support action in the area devoid of props parapet, row: the bearing capacity of the rack conceived there, which would have to be supported at this point for proper securing of the ceiling, is achieved thanks to the fact that the rear frame of the joist protrudes sufficiently far from one side of the support site to the rear area of the link, according to Polish patent No. 51136, 15 20 25 45 50 8. 60 10. 65 24, characterized in that when at least a major part of the support action of the front member is concentrated at both ends of the roof beam, the support is positioned in the area of the floor secured by the front element or elements of the rear housing section. 3. The method according to p. The method of claim 1, characterized in that the beam of the front member is supported in its part not directly adjacent to the ceiling. 4. The method according to p. The apparatus of Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the support element of the front beam is supported with a greater amount of support than a single main member stand. 5. A front casing member consisting of one single or double stand and one beam, for the use of the method according to one of the claims A method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the support element supporting the riser is the support element with the greatest load-bearing capacity among the support elements of the entire casing unit. 6. The front casing part according to claim 4, characterized in that the support element of the roof beam, formed by the hydraulic stand, is provided with one support intensifier. 7. The front housing part according to claim 5, characterized in that the strength booster consists of a cup-shaped hull surrounding the foot of a hydraulic prop and forming a piston, preferably a short stroke hydraulic cylinder. The front casing member according to one of the claims A method according to 4-6, characterized in that the beam support element is positioned on the spag hull of the rear link. 9. The front casing member according to claim 4-6, characterized in that the beam support element is positioned on its own spag plate, which can be connected with mutual guidance to the spline hull of the rear spine. According to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that its carrier bar is a rigid frame which consists of at least two longitudinally connected to one another and is preferably staggered in one or more positions with respect to its support element. 10. Front housing part according to claim 9, characterized by the fact that the frame side members are box profiles with inserted bridges, whereby crossbars with a correspondingly small profile are placed in the lateral chambers thus created. 11. The front housing part according to claim 10, the signs that in the case of making the beam in the form of a narrow or a very thick frame, the crossbars extending into the side chambers longitudinally are made in the form of bearing attachments welded between the side stringers and enabling the universal movement of the frame on the support, the bearing head of which is, if appropriate, tapered in relation to the stand. 12. The front casing part according to claim 9-11, characterized in that the crossbars of the support frame are provided with pairs of bearing attachments, open on both sides and lying symmetrically one above the other or lying next to each other and alternately opening upwards or downwards, or they are also the base, and the frame made in this way is a movable frame. 13. The front housing member according to claim 12, characterized by this; that the frame has a curved cross member connected by disconnected means to the stringers. 14. The front housing part according to claim 9-13, characterized in that the frame forming the traverse is provided with large-area spacers, adjustable in their position and connected to it by selected means, whereby these elements are preferably at least on two sides. 15. The front housing part according to claim A method according to any of the claims 9-14, characterized in that it is provided with telescopic extension elements, which can be slid lengthwise gradually or continuously. 16. The front casing member according to claim 15, characterized in that the extension element 40 in the form of two or multi-blade self-clamping forks or easily clamped by means of pins or the like is provided with a fastening device for pressure plates or spacers. 45 17. The front housing member according to claim Extendable elements are used as part of the upper two-rack rear section of the housing or as longitudinally for more than two-rack rear section. 18. The front housing member according to claim A device according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is provided with extendable extensions mounted at or in the beam itself. 19. The front housing part according to claim 20 and 21, characterized in that the spacer is mounted at a distance from the front edge of the supporting body under or on the elastic extension element in which it is connected, and when it is mounted on a spring, it is supplemented with such the same opposite element 26 provided at the lower front edge of the supporting organ. 20. The front housing part according to claim 19 - 22,. characterized in that the ends of the individual feathers forming the spring bundle are terracedly graded from top to bottom and / or that the thickness of its individual feathers increases in this direction. 21. The front casing member according to claim 22 and 23, with the fact that the lower spring blade forms a spacer. 22. The front housing part according to claim 20-22, characterized in that the lower front edge of the traverse profile is projected forward with respect to the upper edge, e.g. by a diagonal cut of the profile. 23. A hydraulic support element according to claim 27, we know that its components are arranged coaxially with each other so that the element with the largest cross-section forms a cylinder for the next element with the largest cross-section, which is also a cylinder for the next element with the largest cross-section and so on for the following support elements. '.- ..' ¦¦¦. 24. A hydraulic supporting element according to the provisions of 27 and 28, characterized in that each cylinder is provided with a safety valve, different from the valve assembled on the uppermost part of the support, allowing a relative counteracting with a predetermined the load between the already most protruding inner elements, while the outer elements are subjected to elongation. . 25. A support according to claim 4 - 16 and 20, characterized in that the front member of the upper structure is supported by means of an element according to the provisions of 20 - 25. 26. A support according to claim 4-20, characterized in that the front member of the upper structure is supported by one of the elements of the hydraulic supporting element according to claims 4-20. 27-29, and the rear member of this upper structure is supported by another member of such a support. 27. A support according to claim 21, characterized in that a rear member of the upper structure is supported by the support portion at the front end of the upper member. structure, while the rear member of the structure is supported by one or a pair of transverse support elements, the front member of the structure being supported by another portion of the abovementioned support. 28. The method of supporting the ceiling, especially according to claim 1 - 3, with additional u 15 40 45 5056771 29. 27 outgoing devices according to one or more of claims 20-26, characterized in that the resiliently supported pressure plate of the feed bar, which, when the state of the supporting body is lowered, protrudes above it upwards, is pressed against the roof by raising this body, with a considerable initial tension of the bar and immediately upon the passage of the cutting machine, it is moved forward into a freshly exposed area and that the resilient feed bar - after fulfilling its task - during the step-by-step feed supporting the casing, after it is lowered or of the rack and thus having attained a state of relief, it is again moved back into its rear rest position by overriding the actuator or preferably by hitting a new chisel with forward movement of the casing. A method of securing the rectilinear movement of one of the two elements of the hydraulic housing, which are guided relative to each other by means of a link fixed at the front member and slidably mounted against the butt joint of the rear housing member, in particular according to the bolt. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that by using the following means individually or in combination, the support pressure of the anterior segment is concentrated at least in two places of the widened part. 30. 20 25 31. 32, 28 in the given case of the butt hull of this part, at a specific distance from the vertical axis of the support, the support of the stand of the front part, preferably increased by means of a strengthener embedded in the stand of this part, a beam or multiple beam of the front part of the support, catching or the laterally surrounding skylight hull of the rear section is guided additionally on the surfaces of the rear section. Hydraulic booster of the mine stand according to claim According to claim 6, characterized in that the piston (30) and its cylinder (29) are extended upwards as far as the supporting device so that the edge of the extended cylinder (29) protrudes over the edge of the hollow piston (30) and by the use of the members obtains Self-actuating support elements are supported when the piston (30) is displaced. Hydraulic stand according to claims 35, characterized in that the exposed piston, the pressure cylinder and the rack mounted in the piston are mutually coaxial. Hydraulic stand according to claims 35, 36, characterized in that both the cylinder and the expressed piston are provided with safety valves. 5 c, 15/44 56771 MKP E 21 kl li r / a LL * A 7T1 iHH? ^ 7 S / ai * = ff ~ r ^ \ Srs4 \ MF [W w ^ g ^ f ^ b ^ = £ * ± sur ^ ^ j ji ^ 4i / 4SA S / 6 '& * K33b // a 3a% J 1 $ 34a * 346 IL - * - t * £ - 49- 3fó Ir-z ^ fL ^ O! »/ Rv. and j ^ in f / G.S / 38 39 ^ r / G4 rf ^ 82 JSa & 3S6 and &quot; KI. 5 c, 15/44 56771 MKP E 21 d i \ '^ 7! and | in | F7G.S ¦wf dfc ^ ^ a ^ -n ^ r ^ ^ JfcJMsa • ¦ / / TZ ^ iTh ^ m S5 F7G.ea fOa 63? 4d W6 m ZG "Ruch" W-wa, replaces 1689-68 nakl 240 copies PL