PL56042B1

PL56042B1 -

Info

Publication number: PL56042B1
Application number: PL117406A
Authority: PL
Filing date: 1966-11-16
Publication date: 1968-08-26

Description

Poloze¬ nie lacznika krancowego 77 i tym samym zakres skoku wskazuje czujnik 79. Czujnik 79 moze byc równiez wyzyskany do nastawiania zakresu suwu za pomoca nastawczego silnika 76, ewentualnie wedlug programu.Elektro-hydrauliczne sterowanie uchwytu kuzni¬ czego nie jest przedstawione na rysunku. Sklada sie ono ze znanych elementów, zawiera jednak samoczynne obracanie uchwytu o 90°. Wszystkie ruchy i polozenia uchwytu sa kontrolowane za po¬ moca laczników krancowych lub innych odpo¬ wiednich elementów. Jest to szczególnie wazne równiez dla polozenia osi srodkowej uchwytu w plaszczyznie poziomej i w kierunku osi kuz¬ niarki.Przyklad zastosowania krancowego lacznika dla kontroli polozenia osiowego jest przedstawiony na fig. 6. Prowadzona krzywka 80 uruchamia kranco¬ wy lacznik 81 gdy uchwyt zajmuje polozenie srod¬ kowe.Uklad mozliwego zastosowania laczników kran¬ cowych 82, 83 oraz 84, 85, 86 sterujacych polozenie i drogi sanek chwytaków jest przedstawiony na fig. 3. Ruch poprzeczny san 29 powoduje cylinder 87, a ruch podluzny ramy 28 uzyskuje sie na 30 przyklad za pomoca nieuwidocznionego na rysunku olejowego silnika za posrednictwem zebatego kola i zebatki w taki sam sposób, jak ruch przeciw- uchwytu 25, 26, 27. 5 Silnik olejowy 37 dla ruchu podluznego prze¬ ciwuchwytu jest przylaczony do sieci cisnienia za¬ sobnikowego za posrednictwem suwaka rozrzadcze- go 89 i redukcyjnego zaworu 90 (fig. 4). Cisnienie wyjsciowe redukcyjnego zaworu 90 moze byc uza- 10 leznione od nastawionego stopnia przekucia za posrednictwem wagi cisnieniowej, tak iz sila do¬ cisku przeciwuchwytu odpowiada zawsze wymiaro¬ wi przekuwanego preta. Szczególy elektrycznego sterowania i programowania nie sa tu omówione, 15 poniewaz istnieja do tego celu wypróbowane ukla¬ dy, przewaznie elektroniczne.W zwiazku z niniejszym wynalazkiem wazne jest to, ze proponowany/ uklad umozliwia wybra¬ nie róznych programów kucia i latwe przestawia- 20 nie w znacznym stopniu niezaleznie od sil bez¬ wladnosci, przy czym stosowane laczniki krancowe i czujniki moga miec konstrukcje bezstykowa (na przyklad moga dzialc indukcyjnie), a wszystkie wazne polozenia i drogi moga byc równiez sygna- 25 lizowane dla personelu nadzorujacego na stano¬ wisku sterowania 88.Istotne zalety urzadzenia kuzniczego wedlug wynalazku polegaja na uniknieciu wszelkich nie- dajacyeh sie dokladnie okreslic z góry dodatko¬ wych ruchów, odkuwanego wlewka albo uchwytu (podnoszenie, przechylanie), poniewaz os kucia zo¬ staje zachowana w kazdej fazie roboczej i spro¬ wadzaja sie do: unikniecia skrzywienia wlewka dzieki doklad¬ nemu przeciwbieznemu kuciu miedzy dwoma tlocz¬ nikami przesuwanymi ku sobie poprzecznie z jed¬ nakowa predkoscia i dzieki zastosowaniu podpory wiekszej predkosci0 kucia i wiekszej liczbie sko¬ ków, poniewaz calkowita droga kucia jest rozlo¬ zona na dwa tloki, a wiec przy danej predkosci jednego tloka wypada efektywnie podwójna pred¬ kosc kucia w odniesieniu do jednej wlewki; uproszczonego wlaczania zabiegów uzupelniaja¬ cych, jak obcinanie i nacinanie, do automatycznego 45 przebiegu programu kucia, dzieki zastosowaniu od¬ powiednich dodatkowych par cylindrów; uproszczonego i dajacego sie latwo zaprogramo¬ wac odbierania i odkladania gotowych odkutych pretów, dzieki zastosowaniu przesuwnych san, wy- 50 posazonych w przesuwne chwytaki; wykluczenia swobodnych, dzialajacych na fun¬ dament urzadzenia sil masowych, przez zastoso¬ wanie przeciwbieznych tloków w prasie kuzniczej, dzieki czemu wszystkie sily sa wyrównane w kaz- &5 dej fazie ruchu i cisnienia; stosunkowo latwego wykonania uchwytu i przeciwuchwytu i tym samym zwiekszenia pred¬ kosci ruchu, poniewaz nie ma naprezen wystepu¬ jacych z koniecznosci podczas kucia na stalym 60 tloczniku, latwego utrzymania calego urzadzenia w czystosci, poniewaz zgorzelina powstajaca pod¬ czas kucia i obciete odpadkowe konce spadaja swo¬ bodnie po pochylni w dól do pojemnika lub wózka zbiorczego. 35 4056042 PLThe position of the limit switch 77 and thus the range of the stroke is indicated by the sensor 79. The sensor 79 may also be used to adjust the stroke range by means of the adjusting motor 76, possibly according to the program. The electro-hydraulic control of the forging chuck is not shown in the drawing. It consists of known elements, but includes a self-rotation of the handle by 90 °. All movements and positions of the handle are controlled by limit switches or other suitable devices. This is especially important for the location of the center axis of the handle in the horizontal plane and in the direction of the forging machine axis. An example of the use of a limit switch to control axial position is shown in Fig. 6. The guided cam 80 actuates the stop switch 81 when the handle is in the center position. The arrangement of the possible use of the limit switches 82, 83 and 84, 85, 86 controlling the position and paths of the grippers' sledge is shown in Fig. 3. The transverse movement of the bar 29 is caused by the cylinder 87, and the longitudinal movement of the frame 28 is obtained for example by by means of an oil engine not shown in the drawing through a gear wheel and a rack in the same way as the movement of the countergrip 25, 26, 27. 5 The oil engine 37 is connected to the accumulator pressure network by means of a distributor for longitudinal movement of the clamp. 89 and a reduction valve 90 (FIG. 4). The output pressure of the reduction valve 90 may be dependent on the set degree of forging via a pressure balance, so that the pressing force of the countergrip always corresponds to the size of the bar to be forged. The details of the electrical control and programming are not discussed here, as there are systems which have been tried and tested for this purpose, mostly electronic. It is important in connection with the present invention that the proposed system allows the selection of different forging programs and easy rearrangement. largely independent of the forces of inertia, the limit switches and sensors used may be of a contactless design (for example, they may operate inductively) and all important positions and paths may also be signaled to supervising personnel at the control station 88. The significant advantages of the forging device according to the invention are that it avoids any unspecified additional movements, the forged ingot or the handle (lifting, tilting), since the forging axis is maintained in each working phase and is harmful. to: avoid ingot curvature due to precise counter-forging between two p slid towards each other with equal speed and thanks to the use of a support with a higher forging speed and a greater number of strokes, because the total forging path is divided into two pistons, so at a given speed of one piston, effectively twice the forging speed in for one ingot; the simplified incorporation of supplementary operations, such as cutting and scoring, into the automatic sequence of the forging program by the use of suitable additional pairs of cylinders; simplified and easily programmable picking up and depositing of the finished forged rods, thanks to the use of sliding sleds, equipped with sliding grippers; the exclusion of free mass forces acting on the device foundation by the use of counter-rotating pistons in the forging press, thanks to which all forces are equalized in every phase of movement and pressure; relatively easy execution of the handle and countergrip and thus increase the speed of movement, as there is no stress required during forging on a fixed die, easy to keep the entire device clean, because the scale formed during forging and the scraped scrap ends fall off loosely up the ramp down to the bin or collection trolley. 35 4056042 PL

Claims

Claims 1. A hydraulic free forging device, consisting of a forging press with horizontally arranged counter-rotating pistons supporting the piston, characterized in that it has a spring loaded, rotatably pivotable and pivoted and a longitudinally movable handle ( 18) tied to the rails in the direction of the forging machine axis, spring mounted longitudinally on the support (25) tied to the rails and placed opposite the handle in the forging machine axis, and a device for gripping and unloading forgings (28, 29, 30) in the direction of the forging machine axis and perpendicular to it.

2. Forging device according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the forging press is equipped with further pairs of pistons (7 + 8), (11 + 12) counter-rotating also movable transversely to the forging machine axis, which support the tools for notching, trimming or for other forgings.

3. Forging device according to claim 1 and 2, characterized by the fact that for at least two main pistons (3, 4) supporting the dies, it has a dedicated hydraulic actuation device (48) by means of which the oil stream forced by the hydraulic pumps (44) is uniformly and independently of the pressure distributed over the working surfaces (51, 53) of the connected pair of pistons. 10 20 25 30 8

4. Forging device according to claim 3, characterized by the fact that it has a drive device (48) for the adjustable and indicated stroke,

5. Forging device according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that at least two main pistons (3, 4) are connected by means of gears (62, 63) with preferably centered gear wheels (64) meshed with both gears, the rotation of the gear wheel being used to indicate and for adjusting the forging measure, and the displacement of the axis of the wheel (64) from the centered position is exploited to correct for the smooth running of the connected pistons.

6. Forging device according to claim 1-4, characterized in that the gear for correcting the smooth running comprises an oil pump (70) which is connected between the oil lines leading to the working sides of the connected piston pair and which, in the event of a misalignment of the centered sprocket sprocket (64) from the middle position, is set in rotation to the left or right by an oil or electric motor (68).

7. Forging device according to claim 1-6, characterized in that it has a control device for all movable elements, which can be controlled both manually and automatically according to a program, and that all important data of this movement are visually signaled. f- JiSir- Fig. 1 -a X - r15 W ^ ffc 41 K 43- mmu 20 21 Fig. 2KI. 49 g, 10/01 56042 MKP B 23 j Fig. 3 87 84 85 86 534 U-JJ & L | _U-aJ / Ir \ ez \ T \ i ^ 70 ^ - ^ I5_ 69 66 49 47 -52 q- ^ 0 "48 57 r ^ Fig. 4 59 ^ 46 owfe _45_ 44 ^ 0 44" "Q 44" C lL lL i_L E66 "V 72 67 (* -73 * K iii 60 5

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