PL50964B1 - - Google Patents
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- PL50964B1 PL50964B1 PL107852A PL10785265A PL50964B1 PL 50964 B1 PL50964 B1 PL 50964B1 PL 107852 A PL107852 A PL 107852A PL 10785265 A PL10785265 A PL 10785265A PL 50964 B1 PL50964 B1 PL 50964B1
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- counter
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- radiation
- cosmic
- active area
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Pierwszenstwo: Opublikowano: 10.111.1966 50964 KI. 21g, 18/01 MKP H-^g-g- ukDiatlOTEKAl Wspóltwórcy wynalazku: dr inz. Zdzislaw Pawlowski, mgr inz. Zdzislaw Kotonski Wlasciciel patentu: Politechnika Warszawska, Warszawa (Polska) Licznik Geigera Mullera Licznik Geigera Mullera z dzielonym obszarem czynnym przeznaczony jest do rejestracji promie¬ niowania alfa i beta emitowanego przez slabe zródla. Celem podzialu obszaru czynnego jest eli¬ minacja wplywu promieniowania kosmicznego na bieg wlasny licznika Geigera Mullera. Dotychczas do eliminacji twardej skladowej; promieniowania kosmicznego stosowano zestaw liczników, z któ¬ rych jeden* pracowal jako licznik pomiarowy a drugi, zwykle wykonany w ksztalcie czaszy, spelnial role licznika oslonnego.Wykonanie licznika oslonnego W ksztalcie cza¬ szy badz zestawu liczników oslonnych, wiaze sie z wieloma trudnosciami technologicznymi i kon¬ strukcyjnymi. Zastosowanie w liczniku wedlug wynalazku dzielonego obszaru czynnego umozli¬ wia eliminacje twardej skladowej promieniowania kosmicznego bez dodatkowego detektora promie¬ niowania. W liczniku Geigera Mullera obszar wy¬ ladowania zostaje podzielony przegroda.Warunki konstrukcyjne i technologiczne sa tak dobrane, ze wyladowanie zapoczatkowane czyn¬ nikiem jonizujacym w jednym z obszarów nie przenosi sie do drugiego obszaru. Grubosc prze¬ grody jest tak dobrana, zeby zapewnic calkowita absorpcje czastek alfa lub beta. Czastki alfa lub beta emitowane ze zródla jonizuja gaz tylko w dolnym obszarze licznika. W przypadku przej¬ scia s przez licznik czastki pochodzacej od twar¬ dej skladowej promieniowania kosmicznego, wy- io 15 25 ro ladowanie wystepuje "w obu obszarach jednoczes¬ nie.Poniewaz w liczniku Geigera Mullera amplituda impulsu jest zalezna od dlugosci czynnej anody licznika a nie od energii i rodzaju czastki wywo¬ lujacej wyladowanie, wiec amplitudy impulsów od czastek pochodzacych z badanego zródla i od czastek promieniowania kosmicznego beda róznej wielkosci. Impulsy te moga byc w latwy sposób rozrózniane przez wspólpracujacy z licznikiem prosty uklad elektroniczny.Przy dostatecznie nisko usytuowanej przegrodzie rozdzielajacej obszar czynny licznika, eliminacja wplywu twardej skladowej promieniowania kos¬ micznego jest praktycznie calkowita, poniewaz zaleznosc natezenia twardej skladowej promie¬ niowania kosmicznego od kata wyraza nastepu¬ jace równanie: I = I0 Cosn w kierunku pionowym i pod katem a n 2. Licznik Geigera Mullera wedlug wyna¬ lazku ma dodatkowa zalete w porównaniu ze sto¬ sowanymi dotad rozwiazaniami, gdyz wewnetrzna srednica oslony eliminujacej miekkie promienio¬ wanie kosmiczne i promieniowanie otoczenia moze byc znacznie zmniejszona. Przykladowe rozwia¬ zanie konstrukcyjne licznika wedlug wynalazku podano na rysunku, gdzie A jest przegroda. Ob¬ szar czynny licznika mozna podzielic na wiecej niz dwa obszary wyladowania, co jest korzystne przy 5096450964 pomiarach promieniowania beta z towarzyszacym promieniowaniem gamma. PLPriority: Published: 10.11.1966 50964 IC. 21g, 18/01 MKP H- ^ gg- ukDiatlOTEKAl Inventors: Dr. Zdzislaw Pawlowski, M.Sc. Zdzislaw Kotonski Patent owner: Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw (Poland) Geiger Muller counter Geiger Muller counter with divided active area is intended for registration alpha and beta radiation emitted by weak sources. The purpose of dividing the active area is to eliminate the influence of cosmic rays on the natural course of the Geiger Muller counter. So far to eliminate the hard component; of cosmic radiation, a set of counters was used, one of which worked as a measuring counter and the other, usually made in the shape of a bowl, fulfilled the role of a shielding counter. The execution of a shielding counter or a set of shielding counters involves many technological difficulties and structural. The use of a divided active area in the numerator according to the invention makes it possible to eliminate the hard component of the cosmic radiation without an additional radiation detector. In a Geiger Muller counter, the landing area is divided by a partition. The design and technological conditions are so selected that the discharge initiated by the ionizing agent in one area does not transfer to the other area. The thickness of the barrier is chosen so as to ensure complete absorption of the alpha or beta particles. The alpha or beta particles emitted from the source ionize the gas only in the lower area of the counter. In the case of passing through the counter of a particle originating from the hard component of cosmic rays, the charge occurs "in both areas simultaneously. Because in a Geiger Muller counter the pulse amplitude depends on the active length of the anode of the counter and not the energy and type of the particle causing the discharge, so the amplitudes of the pulses from the particles coming from the source under study and from the cosmic ray particles will be of different sizes. These pulses can be easily distinguished by a simple electronic system cooperating with the meter. the active area of the counter, the elimination of the influence of the hard component of cosmic radiation is practically complete, because the dependence of the intensity of the hard component of cosmic radiation on the angle is expressed by the following equation: I = I0 Cosn in the vertical direction and at an angle an 2. Geiger Muller counter according to The invention has an additional advantage in comparison with the solutions used so far, because the inner diameter of the shield that eliminates the soft cosmic rays and environmental radiation can be significantly reduced. An exemplary construction of a counter according to the invention is given in the drawing, where A is a partition. The active area of the counter can be divided into more than two discharge areas, which is advantageous for 5,096,450,964 measurements of beta radiation with accompanying gamma radiation. PL
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| PL50964B1 true PL50964B1 (en) | 1966-02-25 |
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