PL44261B1 - - Google Patents

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PL44261B1
PL44261B1 PL44261A PL4426160A PL44261B1 PL 44261 B1 PL44261 B1 PL 44261B1 PL 44261 A PL44261 A PL 44261A PL 4426160 A PL4426160 A PL 4426160A PL 44261 B1 PL44261 B1 PL 44261B1
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Poland
Prior art keywords
water
earth
weight
grains
temperature
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Application number
PL44261A
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Polish (pl)
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Publication of PL44261B1 publication Critical patent/PL44261B1/pl

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1 A Ja' 3}/} 0 Opublikowano dnia 5 kwietnia 1961 r.} # £ *< BIBLIOTEKA! Urzcijj fjlentoi POLSKIEJ RZECZYPOSPOLITEJ LUDOWEJ OPIS PATENTOWY Nr 44261 Stanislaw Jastrzebski Warszawa, Polska Leszek Zulawski Katowice, Polska KI. +2-4r-aa/02- Sposób otrzymywania ziemi odbarwiajacej Patent trwa od dnia 1 kwietnia 1960 r.Przedmiotem wynalazku jest sposób otrzy¬ mywania ziemi odbarwiajacej z ziemi krzemion¬ kowej, pochodzacej z kopalni „Piotrowice" z okolic Sandomierza, nadajacej sie szczególnie do celów filtracji i odbarwiania trójchlorku etylenu, uzytego do prania garderoby „na su¬ cho".Znane powszechnie sposoby otrzymywania ziemi bielacej z ziemi krzemionkowej lub ben¬ tonitu polegaja na zarabianiu tych surowców na mul, za pomoca wody z dodatkiem kwasów mineralnych i ich chlorków albo siarczanów rozpuszczalnych w wodzie, badz tez na praze¬ niu tych surowców w temperaturze kilkuset stopni bez dostepu powietrza.Wszystkie te sposoby wymagaly albo kwaso- odpornej aparatury i duzych nakladów finan¬ sowych na chemikalia, albo tez kosztownych urzadzen prazalniczych.Niedogodnosci te usuwa sposób wedlug wy¬ nalazku. Analiza chromatograficzna i chemicz¬ na ziemi krzemionkowej z kopalni „Piotrowice" pozwolila ustalic sredni sklad mineralny skaly jak nastepuje: * opal kwarc i chalcedon folidoidy i glaukonit serycyt limonit kalcyt 42% 14% 24% 14% 1% 5% wagowych l » » » »» Najceniejszym skladnikiem tej ziemi jest opal, który posiada typowa strukture gabczasta. Zie¬ mia ta nie posiada zanieczyszczen w postaci gipsu, piasku itp. i nie wymaga oddzielania tych zanieczyszczen droga dekantacji, nato¬ miast zanieczyszczona jest gldnofcrzemiananii, które zalepiaja uklad kapilarny ziarn opalu, zmniejszajac ich wlasciwosci chlonne.Stwierdzono, ze z ziemi krzemionkowej z ko¬ palni „Piotrowice" mozna z dobrym wynikiem otrzymac ziemie odbarwiajaca, gotujac ja z wo-da w odpowiedniej temperaturze i w ciagu okreslanego czasu, suszac i mielac do odpowied¬ niej granulacji.Wedlug wynalazku ziemie krzemionkowa umieszcza sie w otwartej kadzi i zalewa 5-krot- na iloscia wody w stosunku do ilosci uzytego surowca. Nastepnie przy pomocy przegrzanej pary gotuje sie zawartosc kadzi w ciagu 4 go¬ dzin w temperaturze okolo 105°C. Po uplywie tego czasu otrzymana breje przepuszcza sie przez sita o oczkach 10 x 10 mm do nizej usta¬ wionego zbiornika w celu usuniecia zanieczysz¬ czen mechanicznych takich jak: kamienie, zwir, korzenie itp. Po odstaniu wode oddziela sie, a pozostalosc w kadzi przamywa 4—5-krotnie woda o temperaturze 50°C, stosujac za kazdym razem ilosc wody równa wielkosci wsadu.Po dokladnym oddzieleniu wody obrobiona ziemie suszy sie do zawartosci wody równej 3—5% wagowych. Suszenie najlepiej prowadzic w suszarniach pólkowych, pod którymi przecho¬ dza rury z goraca woda o temperaturze 80°C.W tych warunkach suszenie odbywa sie w tem¬ peraturze 60—70°C. Suszenie w wyzszych tem¬ peraturach jest szkodliwe ze wzgledu na gab¬ czasta budowe opalu, gdyz istniejace w ziar¬ nach opalu kanaliki pekaja pod wplywem wy¬ tworzonego w nich cisnienia na skutek gwal¬ townego parowania zawartej w nich wody i tym samym zmniejszaja powierzchnie adsorp¬ cji. Po wysuszeniu ziemie miele sie do takiej granulacji, która daje nastepujace pozostalosci na sicie: ziarn o srednicy do 0,2 mm — 80% wagów. „ „ „ 0,2—ilmmokolal2% ;; „ „ n powyzej 1 mm okolo 5% wagów.Ziemia odbarwiajaca o takim stopniu granu¬ lacji wykazuje dobre wlasciwosci odbarwiajace jak równiez nie powoduje zamulania tkanin fil¬ tracyjnych.Ponizej podano przykladowo wyniki analizy chemicznej ziemi krzemionkowej przed proce¬ sem aktywacji oraz/analize ziemi juz aktywo¬ wanej : przed aktywacja po aktywacji Si02 A1203 Fe-A, MgO CaO K20 + Na20 wolne S04" 71.62% £V71% 3.70% 1.50% 3.67% 4.85% 1.93% 89.00% 2.99% 2.11% 0.237o 3.09% — — PL1 A Ja '3} /} 0 Published April 5, 1961} # £ * <LIBRARY! Urzcijj fjlentoi OF THE POLISH PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC PATENT DESCRIPTION No. 44261 Stanislaw Jastrzebski Warsaw, Poland Leszek Zulawski Katowice, Poland KI. + 2-4r-aa / 02- Method of obtaining discoloring earth The patent is valid from April 1, 1960 The subject of the invention is a method of obtaining discoloring earth from siliceous earth from the "Piotrowice" mine in the vicinity of Sandomierz, especially suitable for for the purposes of filtration and decolorization of ethylene trichloride, used for washing clothes "dry". Commonly known methods of obtaining bleaching earth from siliceous earth or bentonite consist of making these raw materials into silt with water with the addition of mineral acids and their chlorides or sulphates soluble in water, or by roasting these raw materials at a temperature of several hundred degrees without access to air. All these methods required either acid-resistant equipment and large expenditure on chemicals, or expensive roasting equipment. These disadvantages are removed by the method according to the invention. Chromatographic and chemical analysis on siliceous earth from the "Piotrowice" mine allowed to determine the average mineral composition of the rock as follows: * opal quartz and chalcedony pholidoid and glauconite sericite limonite calcite 42% 14% 24% 14% 1% 5% by weight l »» » »» The most valuable component of this earth is opal, which has a typical sponge-like structure. This earth does not have impurities in the form of gypsum, sand, etc. and does not require separation of these impurities by decantation, but is contaminated with glycosilicate, which clog the capillary system it is possible to obtain decolorizing earth from the siliceous earth from the "Piotrowice" coal mine with good results, by boiling it with water at an appropriate temperature and for a specified time, drying and grinding it to the appropriate granulation . According to the invention, the siliceous earth is placed in an open ladle and poured over 5 times the amount of water in relation to the amount of raw material used. The contents of the vat are then boiled with superheated steam for 4 hours at a temperature of about 105 ° C. After this time has elapsed, the obtained slurry is passed through sieves with a mesh of 10 x 10 mm to the lower tank in order to remove mechanical impurities such as: stones, gravel, roots, etc. After standing, the water is separated and the remainder in the vat is separated. 4 to 5 times water at 50 ° C, each time using an amount of water equal to the batch size. After thorough water separation, the treated soil is dried to a water content of 3 to 5% by weight. Drying is best carried out in plate dryers, under which are passed pipes with hot water at a temperature of 80 ° C. Under these conditions, drying takes place at a temperature of 60-70 ° C. Drying at higher temperatures is harmful due to the spongy structure of the fuel, as the channels existing in the fuel grains crack under the influence of the pressure generated in them due to the rapid evaporation of the water contained in them, and thus reduce the adsorption surface. ¬ tia. After drying, the soil is ground to a granulation that gives the following screen residues: grain diameter up to 0.2 mm - 80% by weight. "" "0.2-µlmmokolal2% ;; "N over 1 mm about 5% by weight. Decolorizing soil with this degree of granulation has good decolorizing properties and does not cause fouling of filter cloths. The following are examples of chemical analysis of siliceous earth before the activation process and soil analysis. already activated: before activation after activation SiO2 A1203 Fe-A, MgO CaO K20 + Na2O free SO4 "71.62% £ V71% 3.70% 1.50% 3.67% 4.85% 1.93% 89.00% 2.99% 2.11% 0.237o 3.09% - - PL

Claims (1)

1. Zastrzezenie patentowe Sposób otrzymywania ziemi odbarwiajacej przez aktywacje ziemi krzemionkowej, jej su¬ szenie i mielenie, znamienny tym, ze ziemie krzemionkowa gotuje sie z pieciokrotna iloscia wody w temperaturze 105°C w ciagu l godzin przy uzyciu pary przegrzanej, nastepnie prze¬ puszcza przez sito do zbiornika, skad po odsta¬ niu odpuszcza sie wode i 4—5 krobue przemy¬ wa woda o temperaturze 50°C i nastepnie suszy sie w temperaturze 60—70°C oraz miele do gra¬ nulacji ziarn o srednicy do 0,2 mm — 80% wa¬ gowych, ziarn o srednicy od 0,2 do 1 mm — oko¬ lo 12% wagowych i ziarn o srednicy powyzej 1 mm — okolo 5% wagowych. Stanislaw Jastrzebski Leszek Zulawski Zastepca: mgr inz. Alksander Riedel rzecznik patentowy 58. RSW „Prasa", Kielce. PL1. Patent claim A method of obtaining decolorizing earth by activating siliceous earth, its drying and grinding, characterized in that the siliceous earth is boiled with five times the amount of water at 105 ° C for 1 hour with the use of superheated steam, and then passed through through a sieve into the tank, from which, after standing, the water and 4-5 crows are drained, washed with water at a temperature of 50 ° C, and then dried at a temperature of 60-70 ° C, and ground to granulate grains with a diameter of up to 0, 2 mm - 80% by weight, grains with a diameter of 0.2 to 1 mm - about 12% by weight, and grains with a diameter greater than 1 mm - about 5% by weight. Stanislaw Jastrzebski Leszek Zulawski Deputy: mgr inz. Alksander Riedel patent attorney at the 58th RSW "Press", Kielce. PL
PL44261A 1960-04-01 PL44261B1 (en)

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PL44261B1 true PL44261B1 (en) 1961-02-15

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