PL4375B1 - - Google Patents

Description

The object of the present invention is to enable in thermal installations with steam as an operating medium, not mercury, but other liquids with low heat of vaporization, e.g. alcohol, toluol and others, in such a way that such a liquid is heated with heat, contained in a fuel not directly, but by means of water (steam). Below, in the attached drawing, illustrated sketchily and only symbolically with the omission of secondary apparatuses, is described, an example of the present invention, in which, although known apparatuses are used, but in new, hitherto unknown system and application. Steam or hot water, obtained from a boiler, fired with e.g. coal, is heated in an appropriate manner, e.g. toluol (it can be used for this purpose, as shown in the figure a separate boiler p) is indicated, and it returns in the form of steam or liquid back to the water boiler v. Only the toluol vapor moves, e.g. the turbogenerator lg, then goes to the condenser k, which may be similarly arranged, k present surface condensers, cooled by means of a chiller c, and hence returns back to the toluol kettle p. Use the arrows to help indicate the direction of movement of the liquid and vapor. The amount of liquid with a low heat of vaporization, e.g. toluol in this case, to be used in such a device in a relatively small amount, while the water (steam) boiler would have, as in previously known devices, the ability to collect heat to a certain degree, which is necessary due to fluctuations in heat energy demand by the engine thermal. When selecting a liquid with a low heat of vaporization and, moreover, with physical properties similar in many respects to those of water (e.g. toluol), it is possible to use types of known turbine engines, possibly piston engines with slight changes. All these factors would contribute to to introduce a widely used method of using liquids with a low heat of vaporization, cheaper than mercury, for the production of heat contained in the fuel, mechanical energy, which would be equivalent to an increase in thermal efficiency, a decrease in costs of the production of mechanical and electric energy and is more economical than before with the use of fuel reserves on the globe. PL

Claims (2)

Claimed by patent. 1. A thermal device for converting thermal energy into a mechanical one (heat engine) using, as the operating medium, a vapor of a liquid with a lower heat of vaporization than that of water, and the use of condensation of the vapor which carries away part of the thermal energy in the engine to be converted into mechanical energy, as well as possibly - steam superheating, heating, etc., but in a new application and arrangement to improve the thermal efficiency factor, characterized by the fact that the heat contained in fuel, it is first transferred to the water (water vapor), which only heats the liquid with a lower heat of vaporization than that of water, e.g. toluol, and turns it into a vapor that moves the engine, to convert thermal energy into mechanical. 2. Device according to claim 1, with the use of known devices, but with a new arrangement, characterized by the fact that the heat of the fuel is first transferred by means of a steam boiler, constructed according to known systems, to the steam, which in turn in the device separate, built according to the principle of opposite currents of liquids (vapors), it converts into a vapor a liquid with a lower heat of vaporization than that of water, e.g. toluol, and returns in the form of steam or water to the steam boiler, and the vapor of the liquid in question ( toluol) is fed to a turbine or piston engine. Zenon KozaneckL To the patent description No. 4375, brnan rj Q] n l i MM i i hJ kr ff P (c vs = y? F0 Print by L. Boguslawski, Warsaw. PL