PL43286B1 - - Google Patents
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- Publication number
- PL43286B1 PL43286B1 PL43286A PL4328659A PL43286B1 PL 43286 B1 PL43286 B1 PL 43286B1 PL 43286 A PL43286 A PL 43286A PL 4328659 A PL4328659 A PL 4328659A PL 43286 B1 PL43286 B1 PL 43286B1
- Authority
- PL
- Poland
- Prior art keywords
- fabrics
- saturated
- fabric
- acids
- resistant
- Prior art date
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- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 28
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 11
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229920002050 silicone resin Polymers 0.000 description 6
- -1 paraffins Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 4
- XSTXAVWGXDQKEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trichloroethylene Chemical group ClC=C(Cl)Cl XSTXAVWGXDQKEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical class O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical class [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- XUCNUKMRBVNAPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoroethene Chemical group FC=C XUCNUKMRBVNAPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuric acid Substances OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
Description
RZECZYPOSPOLITEJ LUDOWEJ OPIS PATENTOWY Nr 43286 KI. 8, o Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy*) Warszawa, Polska Sposób otrzymywania nieprzesiakliwej tkaniny kwasoodpornej Patent trwa od dnia 9 listopada 1959 r.OF THE REPUBLIC OF PEOPLE PATENT DESCRIPTION No. 43286 KI. 8, o Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy *) Warsaw, Poland Method of obtaining a non-porous acid-resistant fabric The patent is valid from November 9, 1959.
Znany jest sposób otrzymywania tkaniny kwasoodpornej, za pomoca którego wlókno nieodporne na stezone kwasy, np. wlókno wel¬ niane, nasyca sie srodkami zawierajacymi w swoim skladzie zwiazki typu parafin, wosków i zwiazków glinu. Tkaniny w ten sposób nasy¬ cone sa wprawdzie odporne na dzialanie roz¬ cienczonych kwasów, jednak podczas badania ioh na przesiakliwosc kwasów okazuje sie, ze czas przesiakania jest krótki.There is a known method of producing an acid-resistant fabric, by means of which a fiber that is not resistant to concentrated acids, for example wool fiber, is saturated with agents containing compounds such as paraffins, waxes and aluminum compounds. Fabrics thus saturated are indeed resistant to the action of dilute acids, but when testing them for the permeability of acids it turns out that the permeation time is short.
Znany jest równiez sposób otrzymywania tkanin kwasoodpornych przez stosowanie do ich otrzymywania wylacznie wlókien syntetycz¬ nych, jak np. polichlorowinylowych, poliestro¬ wych, poliakrylonitrylowych i tym podobnych, wykazujacych wieksza niz welna odpornosc na dzialanie kwasów. Jednak tkaniny te przesia¬ kaja kwasami natychmiast lub po kilku minu¬ tach. Znane sa metody przedluzania czasu przesiakania przez tkaniny na drodze wytwa- *) Wlasciciel patentu oswiadczyl, ze wspól¬ twórcami wynalazku sa mgr inz. Zofia Paw¬ lowska i inz, Emilia Cichocka. rzania powlok wlóknistych na tkaninach. Mi¬ mo, ze wyniki przedluzania czasu przesiakania tkaniny kwasami sa w tym przypadku dodat¬ nie, sposób ten wymaga duzego, a wiec nie¬ ekonomicznego zuzycia surowca i zwiekszenia ciezaru tkaniny, a tym samym ciezaru odziezy.There is also known a method of obtaining acid-resistant fabrics by using only synthetic fibers, such as, for example, polyvinylchloride, polyester, polyacrylonitrile and the like, showing a higher acid-resistance than wool. However, these fabrics are permeated with acids immediately or after a few minutes. There are known methods of prolonging the time of penetration through fabrics on the way of manufacturing. shedding fibrous fabrics Although the results of prolonging the time of penetrating the fabric with acids are positive in this case, this method requires a large and thus inexpensive consumption of raw material and an increase in the weight of the fabric, and thus the weight of the garment.
Poza tym nasycone w ten sposób tkaniny sta¬ ja sie materialem izolacyjnym, utrudniajacym nalezyta wymiane powietrza.Moreover, fabrics so impregnated become an insulating material which hinders proper air exchange.
W sposobie wedlug wynalazku stosuje sie;; tkaniny z wlókien syntetycznych, jak np. poii- ' chlorowinylowych, poliamidowych, poliestro¬ wych, poliakrylonitrylowych, fluoroetyleno- wych, które nasyca sie zywicami silikonowymi (zwiazkami siloksanowymi), najkorzystniej 2 — 3%-wym roztworem w odpowiednim rozpusz¬ czalniku, nc. w trójchloroetylenie. Otrzymane w ten sposób tkaniny wykazaly niespodziewa¬ na nieprzesiakliwosc przez kwasy rozcienczone, az do wyparowania z powierzchni tkaniny oraz przez kwasy stezone, w zaleznosci od rodzaju zastosowanych wlókien syntetycznych.The method according to the invention uses; fabrics made of synthetic fibers, such as polyvinylchlorinyl, polyamide, polyester, polyacrylonitrile, fluoroethylene, which are impregnated with silicone resins (siloxane compounds), most preferably with a 2-3% solution in a suitable solvent, such as . in trichlorethylene. The fabrics obtained in this way showed unexpected resistance to dilute acids until evaporation from the surface of the fabric and to concentrated acids, depending on the type of synthetic fibers used.
Odmiana wynalazku jest stosowanie tkanin z wlókien naturalnych welnianych i jedwab-pych, które nasyca sie zywicami softkasaowymi, najkorzystniej 2 — 3%owym roztworem, np. w trój chloroetylenie. Nasycone tkaniny wel¬ niane wykazuja bardzo dlugi czas przesiaka¬ nia rozcienczanymi kwasami (powyzej kilku¬ nastu godzin).A variation of the invention is the use of natural wool and silk fiber fabrics which are impregnated with soft-cash resins, most preferably with a 2-3% solution, e.g. in trichlorethylene. Saturated woolen fabrics have a very long filtering time with dilute acids (more than several hours).
W celu otrzymania tkaniny odpornej, np. na stezony kwas solny, stosuje sie wedlug wyna¬ lazku tkaniny poliakiylonitrylowe, które nasy¬ ca sie zywicami silikonowymi, na stezony kwas solny i azotowy — tkaniny z wlókien poliestro¬ wych, które nasyca sie zywicami silikonowymi, zas na stezony kwas siarkowy i inne kwasy — tkaniny z wlókien policblorowinylowych, któ¬ re nasyca sie zywicami silikonowymi.In order to obtain a fabric resistant to, for example, concentrated hydrochloric acid, according to the invention, polyacrylonitrile fabrics which are saturated with silicone resins, and concentrated hydrochloric and nitric acids - fabrics made of polyester fibers which are saturated with silicone resins, are used. for concentrated sulfuric acid and other acids - fabrics made of polycblorvinyl fibers, which are saturated with silicone resins.
Sposobem wedlug wynalazku, tkanine nasyca sie zywica silikonowa w postaci 2 — 3%-wego roztworu w rozpuszczalniku np. w trójchloroe¬ tylenie, przez okolo 5 minut, a nastepnie wy¬ zyma sie do uzyskania nasycenia 70 — 80%, po czym suszy sie na powietrzu w ciagu kil¬ kunastu rninut, a nastepnie dogrzewa W su¬ szarce w ciagu 3 godzin w temperaturze 100°C.According to the invention, the fabric is saturated with a silicone resin in the form of a 2-3% solution in a solvent, e.g. in trichlorethylene, for about 5 minutes, then it is washed to a saturation of 70-80%, and then dried. in air for a dozen or so minutes, and then heated in a dryer for 3 hours at a temperature of 100 ° C.
Sposób nasycania wedlug wynalazku ma wiele zalet. Odpornosc chemiczna samych wló¬ kien nie ulega pogorszeniu na skutek impreg¬ nacji. Wlasciwosci fizykochemiczne tkanin na¬ syconych, jak wytrzymalosc na rozrywanie i wydluzenie przy rozrywaniu, odpornosc na wielokrotne zginanie, nie sa gorsze anizeli ta¬ kie wlasciwosci tkanin nienasyconych, a w nie¬ których przypadkach nawet lepsze. Poza tym tkaniny kwasoodporne otrzymane sposobem wedlug wynalazku wykazuja taka sama prze¬ wiewnosc, jaka mialy przed nasycaniem, a za¬ tem zapewniaja dobra wymiane powietrza i ciepla.The impregnation method according to the invention has many advantages. The chemical resistance of the fibers themselves is not deteriorated by impregnation. The physical and chemical properties of saturated fabrics, such as tear strength and elongation at break, resistance to multiple bending, are not inferior to those of unsaturated fabrics, and in some cases even better. Moreover, acid-resistant fabrics obtained by the process according to the invention show the same air permeability as they had before impregnation, and therefore ensure good air and heat exchange.
Wlasciwosci mechaniczne tkaniny nienasyco¬ nej oraz przewiewnosc w stosunku do tkaniny nasyconej, wskazuje dla tkaniny z wlókien welnianych tabela I, a dla tkaniny z wlókien poliestrowych tabela II.The mechanical properties of the unsaturated fabric and the airiness in relation to the saturated fabric are shown in Table I for the woolen fiber fabric, and in Table II for the polyester fiber fabric.
Tabela I 1 Rodzaj 1 tkaning nienasycona naaycona Wytrzymalosc na rozrywanie osnowie kG 37,2 40,2 *» i watku irG £2,2 63.6 OYydfaizeme przy rny.rjjinanln osnowie 30 29 watku 37 30 Odpornosc na scieianie (ilosc obrotów atojtka #ray obciazeniu I kg) .574 601 Przewiewnosc I/fOO cm7min. 268,5 | 253,5 j Tabela II ». 1 *nien asy eona | ***COB.Table I 1 Type 1 unsaturated impregnated fabrics Tear strength kG 37.2 40.2 * »and irG £ 2.2 63.6 OYydfaizeme at different.rjinanln matrix 30 29 thread 37 30 And kg) .574 601 Airflow I / fOO cm7min. 268.5 | 253.5 j Table II ». 1 * not aeon aces | ***WHAT B.
Wytrzymalosc &a foerymanie .Strength & a foerymanie.
PO osnowie kG 100,0 ^4,5 po watku kG m,s 54# Wydriatatfe .£*zy rozagwoniu PO osnowie' % '** m po watku % 26 BO odpornosc na 4cterenie PrtctAftaftów sloika przy obciazeniu 116 1*4 Przewiewnosc ] 153,5 ] ..............i ;«9ji \ castrze zenie patentowe fipofiób otEzymywania nieprzesiakljwej tkani¬ ny >faKasacritoonnfij, znamienny tym, -ie tkani¬ na ~z ^wlókien syinfeetycznych, jak r&waariez tka- rnay zz Twlókisn -wrefcarasych, nasyca sie zywi¬ ca silikonowa w ipoetaei roztworu 2 — 3%-ego w iatódchloiraetyienie, po czym wyzyma «ie ja az do uzyskania 70—80%-ego nasycenia su¬ szy na powietrzu w ciagu kilkunastu minut, a nastepnie dpgrzewa w suszarce w ciagu 3 godzin w temperaturze w granicach od .60 do 100aC, C«nnttra 14iy -1 nsiy 1 ut OchronyPx.a*y 892. RSW „Prasa", Kielce,PO warp kG 100.0 ^ 4.5 on a thread kG m, s 54 # Wydriatatfe. £ * tears on a bell AFTER warp '%' ** m on a thread% 26 BO resistance on the 4th area PrtctAftft of the jar at a load of 116 1 * 4 Air permeability] 153,5] .............. i; The rarity of tissue from Tlókisn -refcarasych is saturated with the silicone resin in a poet and a 2 - 3% solution in water-choke, and then washed until it is 70-80% saturated, and dried in air a dozen or so minutes, and then it is heated in the dryer for 3 hours at a temperature ranging from 60 to 100aC,
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| PL43286B1 true PL43286B1 (en) | 1960-04-15 |
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