PL38041B1

PL38041B1 -

Info

Publication number: PL38041B1
Application number: PL38041A
Authority: PL
Filing date: 1952-04-05
Publication date: 1954-12-15

Description

Wynalazek dotyczy zbiorniczka do opakowania przedmiotów w postaci foremnych czworoscia¬ nów.Celem wynalazku jest zbiorniczek do opako¬ wan, do którego foremne czworosciany moga byc latwo wlozone w scislym, tj. ciasnym ukla¬ dzie tak, iz objetosc zbiornika jest dobrze wy¬ zyskana.Poza tym celem wynalazku jest takie uksztal¬ towanie omawianego zbiorniczka, zeby zajmowal on malo miejsca, zarówno przy ustawianiu ich jeden nad drugim, jak i obok siebie.Zbiorniczek wedlug wynalazku jest wykonany tak, ze daje sie splaszczyc lub tez takie zbior¬ niczki moga byc wlozone teleskopowo jeden w drugi w celu zmniejszenia niezbednej prze¬ strzeni zajmowanej, np. na statku podczas po¬ wrotnej podrózy lub w magazynie.Proponowano juz, zeby zbiorniki do opakowan czworoscianów wykonywac ze spojonych ze so¬ ba plytek tak, azeby posiadaly ksztalt pieciobo- ków foremnych, co umuzliwiloby scisle pakowa¬ nie czworoscianów. Istotnie byloby rzecza bar¬ dzo dogodna stosowanie pudelka o piecioboku foremnym, jako .podstawowego elementu przy wyrobie takich zbiorników, gdyz kat srodkowy odpowiadajacy jednemu bokowi piecioboku fo¬ remnego jest prawie równy katowi dwuscien- nemu czworoscianu foremnego, a mianowicie kat srodkowy piecioboku wynosi 72°, kat dwuscienny czworoscianu zas — wynosi nieco wiecej niz 70°.Jednak jest rzecza oczywista, ze zbiorniczkowi, konanemu na podstawie piecioboku foremnego nie mozna nadac ksztaltu ostroslupa równobocz¬ nego, jezeli czworosciany maja byc w nim pa¬ kowane w ciasnym ulozeniu, lecz ksztalt piecio¬ boku musi niejako powtarzac sie w ten lub in¬ ny sposób na wszystkich powierzchniach ograni¬ czajacych zbiornika. Taki zbiorniczek oparty na piecioboku jest trudny do wykonania a oprócz tego wymaga znacznej przestrzeni, gdy wiekszaliczba zbiorniczków ma byc umieszczona obok siebie lub jeden na drugim, co przyczynia sie do zwiekszenia kosztu opakowania.Niedogodnosci wynikajace ze stosowania po¬ przedni proponowanych zbiorniczków do opa¬ kowan czworosciennych sa ominiete i wszystkie wymienione wyzej cele wynalazku zostaja osiag¬ niete przez wykonanie zbiorniczka na podstawie foremnego graniastoslupa szesciennego. Na pierw- rzut oka moze sie wydawac, ze jest niemozliwe ciasne ulozenie opakowan czworosciennych w zbiorniczku, który ma ksztalt foremnego gra¬ niastoslupa szesciennego, gdyz ukladajac szesc czworoscianów przylegajacych do siebie bocz¬ nymi powierzchniami i lezacych obok siebie otrzymuje sie kat srodkowy powyzej 420°, co jest znacznie wiecej niz kat pemego obrotu. Rozwia¬ zanie tego zagadnienia opiera sie na tym, ze zbiorniczek Jest zaopatrzony w dno, którego po¬ wierzchnia oparcia najnizszej warstwy czworo¬ scianów ulozonych w zbiorniczku jest skierowa¬ na pod katem na zewnatrz ku górze lub tez dno jest uksztaltowane jako odbicie zwierciadlane dna omówionego wyzej.W swietle powyzszych uwag widac, ze cecha znamienna zbiorniczka wedlug wynalazku jest jego uksztaltowanie w postaci foremnego grania¬ stoslupa szesciosciennego, którego dno jest uksztaltowane tak, iz jego powierzchnie nosne, stykajace sie z najnizsza warstwa czworoscia¬ nów, umieszczonych w zbiorniczku, tworza z pio¬ nowymi sciankami zbiorniczka katy dwu^cienne w przyblizeniu równe katowi dwusciehnemu . czworoscianu. W tym celu dno moze byc uksztal¬ towane w postaci prostego stozka, którego kat wierzcholkowy jest w przyblizeniu równy po¬ dwojonemu katowi dwusciennemu czworoscianu, czyli okolo 140°, lub tez w postaci szescioscien¬ nego ostroslupa o odpowiednim kacie wierzchol¬ kowym. W przypadku ostroslupa o wierzcholku skierowanym w góre, kat dwuscienny skiero¬ wany do wnetrza zbiorniczka i zawarty pomie¬ dzy dwiema przyleglymi sciankami trójkatnymi Ostroslupa bedzie okolo trzy razy wiekszy od kata czworoscianu. Jest równiez mozliwa postac posrednia pomiedzy stozkiem prostym i ostro¬ slupem, a mianowicie obwód zewnetrzny dna moze stanowic 2arys przekroju foremnego szes- cioscianu zbiorniczka, natomiast dalsze poprzecz¬ ne przekroje dna w miare posuwania sie ku wierzcholkowi moga stopniowo przyjmowac ksztalt coraz bardziej zblizony do obwodu kola.Tak wykonane zbiorniki daja sie ustawiac na stos jeden na drugim; po napelnieniu towarem ciezar górnych zbiorników oraz ich zawartosci nie przygniata towaru ulozonego w zbiornikach dolnych. W stanie pustym zbiorniczki moga byc wlozone jeden w drugi, przez co zajmuja mniej przestrzeni np. przy .przesylaniu droga morska lub magazynowaniu. Ponadto powierzchnie bocz¬ ne zbiornika wznosza sie pochylo w góre i na- zewnatrz i sa regularnie uksztaltowane tak, ze z chwila gdy linie zarysowe dwóch zbiorników sa równolegle do siebie, to jeden zbiornik moze byc wlozony w drugi; w innym polozeniu zarys dna jednego zbiornika przecina sie z zarysem górnego obrzeza drugiego zbiornika przynajmniej w trzech punktach symetrycznie rozmieszczo¬ nych na obwodzie. Dzieki temu zbiorniki moga byc ustawione w postaci stosu jeden na drugim.Wedlug odmiany wynalazku zbiornik posiada w poziomym przekroju ksztalt wieloboku forem- v negó O co najmniej szescio bokach, których sto¬ pien pochylenia jest w takim stosunku do wy¬ sokosci zbiorniczków, ze przekatna pomiedzy dwoma przeciwleglymi rogami dna kazdego .zbiorniczka jest o tyle wieksza, niz odleglosc pomiedzy dwoma przeciwleglymi krawedziami górnej powierzchni zbiorników. Jeden zbiorni¬ czek moze pewnie stac na drugim, jezeli te dwa zbiorniczki sa ustawione wzgledem siebie tak, aby rogi dna zbiorniczka górnego znalazly sie pomiedzy rogami górnej powierzchni zbiornicz¬ ka dolnego. Aby stosy zbiorniczków stojacych je¬ den na drugim byly stateczne, mozna badz to zaopatrzyc górne krawedzie w naciecia pomie¬ dzy narozami, badz tez wykonac naciecia z obu stron narozy krawedzi dolnej przynajmniej w trzech punktach tam gdzie krawedz dolna ma opierac sie na krawedzi górnej zbiorniczka dol¬ nego.Wedlug innej odmiany wykonania wynalazku zbiorniczek moze byc zaopatrzony co najmniej w trzy zlobki biegnace od krawedzi dolnej ku górnej i równomiernie rozmieszczone na obwo¬ dzie poziomego przekroju poprzecznego zbior¬ niczka. Scianki zbiorniczka pomiedzy zlobkami moga byc zokraglone iub plaskie. Zlobki musza byc takiej, glebokosci, zeby kolo opisane na wy¬ stajacych punktach zlobków w górnej powierzch* ni zbiorniczka byly mniejsze,1 niz zewnetrzny obwód dna. Równiez iw tym przypadku korzyst¬ nie jest zaopatrzyc krawedzie dolne w nadecia pasujace do górnych krawedzi zlobków w celu zapobiezenia poslizgowi podczas ustawiania zbiorniczków jeden na drugim i umocnic w ten sposób stos. *o obróceniu zbiorniczków tak, aby zlobki jednego zbiorniczka byly równolegle do zlobków drugiego, mozna ziborniczki wlozyc te¬ leskopowo jeden w drugi.Oprócz opisanych wyzej zasadniczych ksztal¬ tów dno moze miec ksztalt stozka calego lub scie¬ tego, ostroslupa lub ksztalt posredni. - 2 -Wynalazek jest wyjasniony V dalszym ciagu opisu bardziej szczególowo i przedstawiony na rysunku, tytulem.przykladu, i nie ogranicza lecz tylko ilustruje niektóre przyklady wykonania zbiorniczka wedlug wynalazku.Fig. 1 przedstawia widok perspektywiczny Opakowania * czwprosciennego, fig. 2 — widok "perspektywiczny z czesciowym wykrojem zbior¬ niczka wedlug wynalazku. Fig. 3—5 przedsta¬ wiaja zbiorniczek wedlug fig. 2 w widoku z góry w róznych fazach napelniania czworoscianami, przy czym fig. 3 przedstawia warstwe dolna, fig. 4 — posrednia, a fig. 5 warstwe górna czwo¬ roscianów wlozonych do zbiorniczka. Fig. 6 przedstawia zbiorniczek w widoku z boku i cze¬ sciowym przekroju w celu pokazania ulozenia czworoscianów wewnatrz niego, fig. 7 — dwa zbiorniczki wedlug fig. 2 ustawione jeden na drugim, fig. 8 — odmiane zbiorniczka o wiek¬ szej wysokosci, zaopatrzonego w przegródki we¬ wnetrzne, fig. 9 i 10 przedstawiaja dwie odmia¬ ny zbiorniczka, fig. 11 przedstawia dwa szescio- scienne zbiorniczki o nachylonych powierzch¬ niach bocznych i nacieciach na górnych brze¬ gach w celu zabezpieczenia zbiorniczków przed poslizgiem, gdy sa one ustawione jeden za dru¬ gim, fig. 12 — odmiane zbiorniczka wedlug fig. 1 w którym sa naciecia wykonane' na dolnych brzegach zbiorniczka tak, iz krawedzie dna po¬ miedzy narozami tworza dolne wystepy. Fig. 13 i 14 przedstawiaja dwa rózne zbiorniczki ze zlob¬ kami biegnacymi od brzegu dolnego do górnego, pczy czym fig. 13 przedstawia zbiorniczek o za- |adniczym poziomym przekroju kolowym, a fig. $4 — zbiorniczek o przekroju poziomym w ksztal- cje foremnego szescioboku ze zlobkami na co drugiej krawedzi pionowej. Fig. 15 przedstawia ztyorniczki wedlug fig. 4 wstawiony jeden na drugi, a fig. 16 —. dwa zbiorniczki wedlug fig. 14 Wlozone jederf w drugi.JJa rysunku zastosowano te same oznaczenia liczbowe dla jednakowych lub podobnych czesci. 'f Czworosciany 10, które maja byc zapakowane W zbiorniczki wedlug wynalazku i których wy¬ glad zewnetrzny jest przedstawiony na fig. 1, moga bjfc wykonane z rurki lub podobnego ele¬ mentu, posiadajacej szew, podluzny 12, przez splaszczenie jej na przemian i sklejenie w dwóch kierunkach prostopadlych do siebie oraz rozcie¬ cie w miejscach zlaczenia prostopadle do siebie, przez co powstaja przeciwlegle plaskie krawe¬ dzie 14 a pozostale krawedzie sa nieco zaokrag¬ lone.Zbiorniczek wedlug fig. 2—6 jest utworzony z szesciosciennego prostopadloscianu, posiadaja¬ cego szesc zasadniczo prostokatnych pionowych scianek 16 i dno, które w zasadzie stanowi ostro¬ slup ograniczony przez szesc scianek 18, stano¬ wiacych zasadniczo równe trójkaty równobocz¬ ne. Najlepiej gdy krawedzie pomiedzy scianka¬ mi trójkatnymi ograniczajacymi ostroslup denny sa wgiete w dól jak oznaczono liczba 20 i tak samo wierzcholki ostroslupa moga byc wgiete w dól jak oznaczono liczba 22, azeby przy wkla¬ daniu czworoscianów posredniej warstwy w spo¬ sób omówiony bardziej szczególowo w dalszym ciag uopisu, krawedzie 14 czworoscianów mogly sie pomiescic we wglebieniach, dzieki czemu krawedzie te opieraja sie o dno i przez to nie podlegaja niepotrzebnemu obciazeniu. Poza tym dokola czesci dolnej zbiorniczka sa wykonane obrzeza usztywniajace 24 w taki sposób, ze pa¬ suje ono do górnego brzegu drugiego zbiornicz¬ ka, stanowiac oparcie wtedy, gdy kilka zbior¬ niczków jest ustawionych jeden na drugim, jak przedstawiono na fig. 7. Obrzeze 24 sluzy rów¬ niez jako ochrona od deszczu, aby woda sply¬ wala na zewnatrz zbiorniczka umieszczonego ni¬ zej. Poza tym w celu nadania zbiorniczkowi wiek¬ szej sztywnosci jego górny brzeg moze byc za¬ winiety od wewnatrz jak oznaczono liczba 26.Zagiecie 26 ma równiez na celu przytrzymywa¬ nie czworoscianów ulozonych w zbiorniczku w sposób opisany nizej bardziej szczególowo.Aby ulatwic podnoszenie i przenoszenie zbior¬ niczków sa one zaopatrzone przynajmniej na dwóch przeciwleglychsciankach pionowych lub tez na wszystkich sciankach we wglebienia lub wneki 28, które moga sluzyc jako uchwyty lub zaczepy dla palaka 30 (fig. 7) i które dzieki wklesnieciu nadaja równiez zbiorniczkowi sztyw¬ nosc i moga stanowic oparcie dla posredniej warstwy czworoscianów zapakowanych w spo¬ sób opisany nizej.Wkladanie czworoscianów do ziborniczka od¬ bywa sie w sposób nastepujacy.Najpierw uklada sie dolna warstwe szesciu czworoscianów lOa w sposób uwidoczniony na fig. 3 tak, aby kazdy czworoscian lOa opieral sie swe powierzchnia na jednej z trójkatnych scia- , nek ostroslupa dennego a splaszczona krawedzia zamykajaca I4a i ukladal sie wzdluz krawedzi pomiedzy dnem i jedna z pionowych scianek 16, przy czym druga scianka czworoscianu biegnaca od tej samej krawedzi zamykajacej 14, i przy¬ lega wówczas do pionowej scianki 16, gdyz kat dwuscienny pomiedzy ta scianka i dnem jest zasadniczo równy katowi dwusciennemu czwo¬ roscianu.W ten sposób pomiedzy czworoscianami lOu w dolnej wrastwie opisanej wyzej sa utworzone przestrzenie klinowe, których kat dwuscienny odpowiada zasadniczo katowi dwusciennemu czworoscianów, gdyz skierowane do wenwatrz - 3 -katy dwuscienne pomiedzy dwiema przyleglymi sciankami dna ostroslupa sa w przyblizeniu rów¬ ne potrójnemu katowi dwusciennemu czworo¬ scianu. Do tych klinowatych przestrzeni wklada sie, jak widac na fig. 4 szesc czworoscianów lOb, które tworza w ten sposób warstwe posrednia.Wystajaca w dól splaszczona krawedz zamyka¬ jaca 14b kazdego czworoscianu lOb nw posredniej warstwie wystaje w dól dty waietej czesci 22 po¬ miedzy sciankami trójkatnymi ostroslupa dna, tak iz czworosciany IOb w warstwie posredniej przylegaja zasadniczo swoimi sciankami do czwo¬ roscianów lOa warstwy dolnej. Wystajace w góre krawedzie zamykajace 14b czworoscianów war¬ stwy posredniej beda sie opieraly swymi konca¬ mi w punktach polozonych w przyblizaniu na liniach srodkowych scianek pionowych zbior¬ niczka.Trzecia czyli górna warstwe czworoscianów lOc uklada sie tak, jak przedstawiono na fig. 5, aby jedna krawedz zamykajaca 14c byla wcis¬ nieta w polozeniu poziomym pod górne zagie¬ cie 26 zbiorniczka* przeciwlegla zas krawedz za¬ mykajaca ustawila sie zasadniczo wzdluz osi pio¬ nowej zbiorniczka. Wreszcie górna warstwa W ra¬ zie potrzeby moze byc przykryta pokrywka, któ¬ ra ma zasadniczo taki sam ksztalt jak dno i moze byc zaopatrzona w wystajace klapki brzegdwe, które mozna wcisnaC pod spód zagiecia 26 w ce¬ lu umocowania pokrywki.Poza tym ulozenie czworoscianów w róznych warstwach widac na fig. 6, na której podobnie jak na fig. 3-T-5 uzyto dodatkowych oznaczen li¬ terowych a dla czworoscianów dolnej warstwy, dodatkowych oznaczen literowych b dla czwo¬ roscianów warstwy posredniej i dodatkowych oznaczen literowych t dla czworoscianów war¬ stwy górnej. Na fig. 6 widac równiez w jaki spo¬ sób uzyskuje sie swobodna przestrzen wewnatrz przeciwleglych brzegów dla uksztaltowania uchwytów na raczki lub palaki 28.Zbiorniczek taki moze byc równiez z korzyscia wykonany o wiekszej wysokosci, niz zbiorniczek opisany poprzednio. Jednak wysokosc zawsze powinna byc calkowita wielokrotnoscia wyso¬ kosci zbiorniczka przeznaczonego do pakowania trzech warstw czworoscianów zapakowanych w sposób opisany wyzej. Fig. 8 przedstawia prze¬ klad wykonania zbiorniczka zawierajacego 4 rd¬ zy po 3 warstwy czworoscianów, przy czym lia co trzeciej warstwie umiezscza sie denko prze¬ gródkowe 32 o ksztalcie w przyblizeniu takim samym, jak dno ostroslupa. Denka przegródko¬ we 32 moga byc wkladane luzno lub tez w razie potrzeby, moga opierac sie na uszkach przewi¬ dzianych na pionowych sciankach zbiorniczki.Gdy zbiorniczki wedlug wynalazku sa wyko¬ nane z tektury lub podobnego materialu, to mo¬ ze byc pozadane przytwierdzenie dolnego dna do scianek zbiorniczka tylko wzdluz przeciwleglych krawedzi, a pozostale cztery krawedzie moga po¬ zostac calkowicie swobodne.. W takim wykona¬ niu pusty zbiorniczek, mozna splaszczyc calko¬ wicie dla ulatwienia transportu od wytwórcy zbiorniczków oraz zwrotu opakowania zuzytego.Oczywiscie w tym samym celu dolne denko mo¬ ze byc wlozone luzno i moze byc podtrzymywa¬ ne przez wewnetrzne obrzeze lub przez odpo¬ wiednia liczbe podpórek lub podobnych wyste¬ pów wykonanych na dolnym brzegu pionowych scianek zbiorniczka.Jak wspomniano na wstepie opisu, zarówno denko dolne jak i denka przegródkowe moga miec ksztalt odmienny od ksztaltu prostego ostro¬ slupa szesciosciennego. Odmienne wykonania denek sa przedstawione na fig. 9 i 10, przy czym fig. 9 przedstawia ksztalt posredni pomiedzy ostroslupem i stozkiem, a fig. 10 denko calkowi¬ cie stozkowe. Na rysunku przedstawiono denka ciagle, lecz oczywiscie wynalazek obejmuje rów¬ niez takie wykonanie, w którym denka maja ksztalt stozka scietego, jak na fig.' 2. Jednoczes¬ nie w celu pokazania mozliwosci odmiennego po¬ lozenia denka na rysunku przedstawiono denka skierowane wierzcholkami w dól, przy czym scianki zbiorniczka sa przedluzone w dól, tak iz zbiorniczek w polozeniu pionowym stoi na dol¬ nych krawedziach scianek, wzmocnionych za po¬ moca obrzezy. Oczywiscie scieecie wierzcholków dna zmniejsza równiez wydluzenie jej scianek bocznych.W przykladzie wykonania wedlug fig. 11 licz¬ ba 16 oznacza scianki zbiorniczka szescioscien¬ nego z wycieciami 34, wykonanymi na górnym brzegii pomiedzy narozami, przy czym naroza denne 36 drugiego zbiorniczka wchodza w te wy¬ ciecia przy ustawieniu na stos wielu zbiornicz¬ ków jeden na drugim. Klepki utworzone przez wyciecia 34 moga byc wykonane równiez w po¬ staci uchwytów 38 do przenoszenia, podobnie jak w dolnym zbiorniczku na fig. 11.Odmiana wedlug fig. 12 jak juz wspomniano rózni sie od poprzednich jaostaci wykonania wy¬ nalazku tym, ze naciecia 34 wedlug fig. 11 zo¬ staly zastapione wnekami 40 w narozach den¬ nych. Oczywiscie jest równiez mozliwe uksztal¬ towanie narozy w postaci nózek wystajacych w dól z krawedzi dennej, które przy ustawianiu zbiorniczków jeden na drugim wspieraja sie na zewnetrznym brzegu górnej krawedzi zbiornicz¬ ka dolnego dokladnie pomiedzy narozami górne¬ go brzegu. - 4 -Fig.. 13 przedstawia lekko stozkowaty zbiorni¬ czek o kolowym przekroju poziomym, przy czym scianki boczne 16a sa zaopatrzone w trzy roz¬ mieszczone symetrycznie zlobki klinowate 42, przebiegajace od krawedzi dolnej do górnej. Po srodku miedzy zlobkami 42 sa wykonane na kra¬ wedzi dennej wyciecia 44,' w które wchodza na¬ roza 46 górnego brzegu zlobków przy ustawianiu kilku zbiorniczków jeden na drugim. Moze byc korzystne wykonanie wyciec 48 w ksztalcie kli¬ nowym przynajmniej u góry i to tok, aby na¬ roza brzegowe 46 mogly byc do niej latwiej wlo¬ zone podczas ustawiania na stos. Dla wzmocnie¬ nia konstrukcji gróny brzeg moze byc usztyw¬ niony pierscieniem z drutu 48 lub w podobny sposób.Przyjmujac stozkowatosc zbiorniczka wedlug fig, 13 w takiej proporcji do jego wysokosci, ze¬ by kolo opisane na wierzcholkach katów krawe¬ dzi 46 bylo napewno mniejsze niz obwód dna, które znowu jest mniejsze, niz obwód górnego brzegu zbiorniczka; mozna równiez ustawic kil¬ ka zbiorniczków jeden na drugim i obrócic na przemian zbiorniczki tak, zeby wyciecia 44 na zbiorniczku górnym obejmowaly kat dwuscien- ny 46 zbiorniczka dolnego. Jednoczesnie mozna wkladac zbiorniczki teleskopowo jeden w drugi jezeli sa wykonane tak, zeby naciecia 22 odpo¬ wiadaly sobie.Fig. 14 przedstawia praktyczne przystoswanie zasady wyjasnionej na fig. 13 do zbiorniczka szesciobocznego. Zlobki 50 przebiegajace od dol¬ nej krawedzi do górnej, sa w tym przypadku wykonane na co drugiej pionowej krawedzi zbiorniczka, pozostale zas posiadaja wglebienia lub naroza wklesniete 52 na dole w tym celu, aby obejmowac górne konce zlobków . 50 przy ustawianiu kilku zbiorniczków jeden na drugim.Powierzchnie górne. zlobkowych krawedzi pio¬ nowych'42 i górna czesc ich otworów pionowych moga byc wzmocnione przez pokrycie ich przy- pojonymi plytkami 54, z których górna czesc ulatwia lepsze dopasowanie górnych brzegów na¬ ciec 52 przy ustawianiu na stos wedlug fig. 15 podczas gdy dolne brzegi 56 moga tworzyc uchwyt przy manipulowaniu zbiorniczkami i slu¬ za jako oparcia przy wkladaniu zbiorniczków je¬ den w drugi wedlug fig. 16, przez co uklad jest luzny, co znowu ulatwia wyjmowanie zbiornicz¬ ków.Zbiorniczki moga byc równiez uzyte do pako¬ wania towarów innych niz czworosciany i wów¬ czas nie ma potrzeby ksztaltowania dna w. po¬ staci ostroslupa lub stozka, lecz w tym przypad¬ ku dno moze byc równiez plaskie. . PLThe invention relates to a receptacle for the packaging of regular quadrilaterals. The object of the invention is a receptacle for packaging into which regular tetrahedrons can easily be inserted in a tight, ie tight fit, so that the volume of the receptacle is well-obtained. In addition, the object of the invention is to design the tank in question in such a way that it takes up little space, both when stacked on top of each other and next to each other. placed telescopically one into the other to reduce the necessary space occupied, for example on a ship during a return voyage or in a warehouse. It has already been proposed that tanks for packaged quadrilaterals be made of plates bonded together so that they have a five-sided shape. tetrahedrons, which would allow tight packing of tetrahedrons. In fact, it would be very convenient to use a regular pentagon as a basic element in the manufacture of such tanks, since the center angle corresponding to one side of the pentagon is almost equal to the biceps angle of the regular tetrahedron, namely the center angle of the pentagon is 72 °. , and the angle of the tetrahedron - is slightly more than 70 °. However, it is obvious that a reservoir made on the basis of a regular pentagon cannot be given the shape of an equilateral pyramid, if the tetrahedron is to be packed in a tight arrangement, but the shape is the five sides must, as it were, be repeated in one way or another on all the boundary surfaces of the tank. Such a pentagon-based receptacle is difficult to manufacture and, in addition, requires a considerable space when most of the receptacles are to be placed side by side or on top of each other, which contributes to an increased cost of the packaging. The inconvenience of using the proposed receptacles for packaging on the front tetrahedral are omitted and all the above-mentioned objects of the invention are achieved by making the reservoir on the basis of a regular cubic prism. At first glance, it may seem that it is impossible to tightly arrange quadrilateral packages in a container, which has the shape of a regular cuboid, because by arranging six quadrilaterals adjacent to each other with side surfaces and lying next to each other, you get a center angle above 420 ° which is much more than the age of rotation. The solution to this problem is based on the fact that the reservoir is provided with a bottom, the support surface of which of the lowest layer of quadrilaterals arranged in the reservoir is directed outwards upwards or the bottom is shaped as a mirror image of the bottom of the discussed In the light of the above remarks, it can be seen that a characteristic feature of the reservoir according to the invention is its formation in the form of a regular play of a hexagonal pile, the bottom of which is shaped so that its bearing surfaces, in contact with the lowest layer of quadrilaterals placed in the reservoir, form with vertical walls of the reservoir, two-sided angles approximately equal to the biceps angle. tetrahedron. For this purpose, the bottom may be in the form of a straight cone, the apical angle of which is approximately equal to twice the diagonal angle of the tetrahedron, ie about 140 °, or it may be in the form of a hexagonal pyramid with a suitable apical angle. In the case of an upward-pointing pyramid, the two-sided angle facing the inside of the reservoir and enclosed between two adjacent triangular walls of the pyramid will be about three times the angle of the tetrahedron. It is also possible to form an intermediate form between a straight cone and a sharp pole, namely the outer perimeter of the bottom may be the outline of the regular hexahedron of the reservoir, while further cross-sections of the bottom as they move towards the apex may gradually take a shape more and more close to the perimeter Wheels. The tanks made in this way can be stacked on top of each other; after filling with goods, the weight of the upper tanks and their contents do not overwhelm the goods stored in the lower tanks. When empty, the tanks can be inserted one into the other, so they take up less space, e.g. for shipping or storage. Moreover, the side surfaces of the tank rise inclined upwards and outwards and are regularly shaped so that as soon as the outline lines of the two tanks are parallel to each other, one tank can be inserted into the other; at another location, the outline of the bottom of one tank intersects with the outline of the upper rim of the other tank at at least three points symmetrically distributed around the circumference. Due to this, the tanks can be stacked on top of each other. According to a variant of the invention, the tank has a polygon shape in its horizontal cross-section with at least six sides, the inclination of which is in relation to the height of the tanks that the diagonal is between two opposite bottom corners of each tank is so much greater than the distance between two opposite edges of the upper surface of the tanks. One reservoir can stand securely on top of the other if the two reservoirs are aligned with each other so that the corners of the bottom of the upper reservoir are between the corners of the upper surface of the lower reservoir. In order for the stacks of tanks standing on top of the other to be stable, you can provide the upper edges with notches between the corners, or make incisions on both sides of the lower edge corner at least at three points where the lower edge is to rest on the edge of the upper container According to another embodiment of the invention, the reservoir may be provided with at least three grooves extending from the bottom edge towards the top and uniformly distributed around the perimeter of the reservoir's horizontal cross-section. The walls of the reservoir between the compartments can be rounded or flat. The grooves must be of such depth that the circle described on the protruding points of the grooves in the upper surface of the reservoir is smaller than the outer circumference of the bottom. Also in this case, it is advantageous to provide the lower edges with flaps that match the upper edges of the grooves in order to prevent slippage when stacking the containers one on top of the other and thus to strengthen the stack. * If you rotate the tanks so that the slots of one reservoir are parallel to the slots of the other, you can insert the lobbies one into the other. In addition to the above-described basic shapes, the bottom can have the shape of a whole or truncated cone, a pyramid or an intermediate shape. The invention is explained in more detail below and illustrated in the drawing by the title of an example, and is not intended to limit but merely illustrate some embodiments of a reservoir according to the invention. 1 shows a perspective view of a quadrilateral package, FIG. 2 is a "partially cut perspective" perspective view of a container according to the invention. FIGS. 3-5 show the container according to FIG. 2 in top view in different stages of filling with tetrahedrons, FIG. Fig. 3 shows the bottom layer, Fig. 4 is an intermediate layer, and Fig. 5 shows the top layer of quadrilaterals inserted into the reservoir Fig. 6 shows the reservoir in a side view and a partial section to show the arrangement of the tetrahedrons inside it, Fig. 7 - two reservoirs according to Fig. 2 stacked on top of each other, Fig. 8 - a variant of a higher-height reservoir with internal compartments, Figs. 9 and 10 show two types of reservoir, Fig. 11 shows two wall-mounted tanks with inclined sides and incisions on the upper edges to prevent the tanks from slipping when they are positioned one behind the other, Fig. 12 - a variant of the container according to Fig. 1 in which incisions are made on the lower edges of the reservoir so that the edges of the bottom form the lower projections between the corners. Figs. 13 and 14 show two different tanks with grooves extending from the lower edge to the upper, where Fig. 13 shows the tank with a loading horizontal circular section, and Fig. 4 shows a tank with a horizontal section in a regular shape. hexagon with grooves on every other vertical edge. Fig. 15 shows the artillery according to Fig. 4 inserted on top of each other, and Fig. 16 -. two containers according to Fig. 14. One-on-one into the other. The drawing uses the same reference numbers for the same or similar parts. Tetrahedrons 10 which are to be packaged in the receptacles according to the invention and whose external appearance is shown in Fig. 1, may be made of a tube or the like having a longitudinal seam 12 by flattening it alternately and gluing it together. in two directions perpendicular to each other, and a cut at the junction points perpendicular to each other, thus creating opposite flat edges 14 and the remaining edges slightly rounded. The reservoir according to Figs. 2-6 is made of a hexagonal cuboid, have having six substantially rectangular vertical walls 16 and a bottom which is essentially a pillar bounded by six walls 18 which are substantially equal equilateral triangles. Ideally, the edges between the triangular faces of the bottom pyramid are bent downwards as indicated by 20, and likewise the tops of the pyramid may be bent downwards as indicated by 22, so that when inserting the tetrahedrons of the middle layer in more detail in the rest of the description, the edges of the 14 quadrilaterals could fit in the recesses, thanks to which these edges rest on the bottom and therefore are not subject to unnecessary load. In addition, stiffening rims 24 are provided around the bottom of the reservoir so that it fits over the top edge of the second reservoir to provide support when several reservoirs are stacked on top of each other as shown in Figure 7. The rim 24 also serves as a protection against rain so that the water flows to the outside of the basin below. Moreover, in order to make the reservoir more rigid, its upper edge may be curved from the inside as indicated by the number 26. The bend 26 is also intended to hold the tetrahedrons arranged in the reservoir in the manner described below in more detail. To facilitate lifting and carrying of the reservoirs, they are provided on at least two opposing vertical walls or on all walls with recesses or recesses 28 which can serve as handles or hooks for the firebox 30 (Fig. 7) and which, thanks to their recessing, also make the reservoir stiff and can Support for the intermediate layer of tetrahedrons packed as described below. Insertion of the tetrahedrons into the boron is as follows: First, the bottom layer of six tetrahedra lOa is arranged in the way shown in Fig. 3 so that each tetrahedron rests its surface against on one of the triangular walls, the bottom of the bottom pyramid and the flattened edge closing and I4a and lay along the edge between the bottom and one of the vertical walls 16, the second wall of the tetrahedron extending from the same closing edge 14 and then adjacent to the vertical wall 16, since the biceps angle between this wall and the bottom is substantially equal Thus, between the tetrahedra of 10u in the lower part described above, there are wedge-shaped spaces, the biceps angle of which corresponds essentially to the two-sided angle of the tetrahedron, since the 3-diagonal cubes between the two adjacent walls of the bottom of the pyramid are On the triple biceps angle of the tetrahedron. As can be seen in Fig. 4, these wedge-shaped spaces are made up of six tetrahedra lOb, thus forming an intermediate layer. The flattened closing edge 14b of each tetrahedron or n in the intermediate layer protrudes down the length of the weighted portion 22 between the triangular walls of the bottom pyramid and the tetrahedrons 10b in the intermediate layer substantially adjoin the quadrilaterals 10a of the lower layer with their walls. The upward closing edges 14b of the tetrahedrons of the intermediate layer will rest on their ends at approximate points on the centrelines of the vertical walls of the reservoir. The third or upper layer of the tetrahedrons shall be arranged as shown in Fig. 5, one closing edge 14c was pressed in a horizontal position under the upper bend 26 of the container, and the opposite closing edge was positioned substantially along the vertical axis of the container. Finally, the top layer may if desired be covered with a lid which has substantially the same shape as the bottom and may be provided with protruding edge flaps which may be pushed underneath the fold 26 to fix the lid. in different layers it can be seen in Fig. 6, where, similarly to Figs. 3-T-5, additional letters are used, and for the tetrahedra of the lower layer, additional letter marks b for the tetrahedrons of the middle layer and additional letter marks t for tetrahedra upper layer. FIG. 6 also shows how the free space inside the opposite edges is obtained for shaping handgrips or pallets 28. Such a reservoir may also advantageously be made of greater height than the reservoir described previously. However, the height should always be an integer multiple of the height of the container intended for packing the three layers of tetrahedrons packed as described above. Fig. 8 shows an example of an embodiment of a reservoir containing 4 rows of 3 tetrahedrons each, with a compartment bottom 32 having a shape approximately the same as that of the pyramid on every third layer. The partition caps 32 may be inserted loosely or, if necessary, they may rest on the lugs provided on the vertical walls of the reservoir. If the reservoirs according to the invention are made of cardboard or the like, it may be desirable to fasten the bottom The bottoms to the sides of the tank only along the opposite edges, and the other four edges can be left completely free. In such an embodiment, the empty tank may be flattened completely for ease of transport from the tank manufacturer and the return of used packaging. Obviously for the same purpose. the lower end may be inserted loosely and may be supported by the inner rim or by a suitable number of supports or similar protrusions provided on the lower edge of the vertical walls of the reservoir. As mentioned in the introduction to the description, both the bottom end and the partition ends they may have a shape different from the shape of a simple hexagonal pillar. Different designs of the caps are shown in Figs. 9 and 10, with Fig. 9 showing an intermediate shape between a pyramid and a cone, and Fig. 10 showing a completely conical bottom. The drawing shows the end caps still, but of course the invention also includes an embodiment in which the end caps have the shape of a cone, as shown in FIG. 2. At the same time, in order to show the possibility of a different position of the bottom, the drawing shows the ends directed with their tops down, the walls of the reservoir being extended downwards, so that the reservoir in a vertical position stands on the lower edges of the walls, reinforced by the sides. powers the edges. Of course, the cutting of the tops of the bottom also reduces the elongation of its side walls. In the example embodiment according to Fig. 11, the number 16 denotes the walls of a hexagonal tank with cutouts 34 made on the upper edge between the corners, with the bottom corner 36 of the second tank engaging the latter. Cutting by stacking multiple canisters on top of each other. The planks formed by the cutouts 34 can also be made in the form of carrying handles 38, similar to the lower basin in FIG. 11. The variation according to FIG. 12, as already mentioned, differs from the previous embodiments of the invention in that the cuts 34 according to Fig. 11, they are replaced by recesses 40 in the bottom corners. Of course, it is also possible to form a corner in the form of legs protruding down from the bottom edge, which, when stacking the reservoirs on top of each other, rest on the outer edge of the upper edge of the lower reservoir exactly between the corners of the upper edge. Figure 13 shows a slightly conical reservoir with a circular horizontal cross section, the side walls 16a being provided with three symmetrically spaced wedge-shaped grooves 42 extending from the lower edge to the upper edge. In the center between the recesses 42 there are cutouts 44 at the bottom edge, into which the corners 46 of the top edge of the recesses fit when several reservoirs are stacked on top of each other. It may be advantageous to implement the wedge-shaped cutout 48 at least at the top so that the edges 46 can be inserted more easily into it during stacking. To strengthen the structure, the upper edge may be stiffened with a wire ring 48 or the like. Taking the conical shape of the container according to Fig. 13 in proportion to its height, that the circle described at the tops of the edges of the edges 46 is certainly smaller. than the circumference of the bottom, which is again smaller than the circumference of the upper rim of the reservoir; it is also possible to stack several tanks on top of each other and alternately rotate the tanks so that the cuts 44 on the upper tank cover the two-sided angle 46 of the lower tank. At the same time, it is possible to telescopically insert the tanks one into the other if they are made in such a way that the cuts 22 correspond to each other. 14 shows the practical adaptation of the principle explained in Fig. 13 to a hexagonal reservoir. The grooves 50 extending from the lower edge to the upper edge are in this case made on every other vertical edge of the container, while the others have recesses or concave corners 52 at the bottom to enclose the upper ends of the grooves. 50 when stacking several tanks on top of each other. Top surfaces. the grooved edges of the riser edges 42 and the top of their vertical openings may be reinforced by covering them with bonded plates 54, the top of which facilitates a better fit of the upper edges of the slots 52 when stacking according to Fig. 15, while the lower edges 56 can form a handle when handling the tanks and serve as a support when inserting the tanks into the other according to Fig. 16, thereby making the arrangement loose, which again facilitates the removal of the tanks. The tanks can also be used for packing goods. other than tetrahedrons and then there is no need to shape the bottom in the form of a pyramid or a cone, but in this case the bottom may also be flat. . PL

Claims

1. Claims 1. A container for packaging objects in the form of regular quadrilaterals, characterized by the fact that it has side walls (16) forming an essentially regular cubic cubic wall and a bottom wall (18), the outer edge of which adjoins the side walls in a plane essentially horizontal, and its center is offset in the axial direction of the perpendicular from the said horizontal plane, each side wall (16) having such a width that the edge of the quadrilateral (10) can be placed against it the horizontal and axial displacement of the center of the bottom wall (18) is of such a type that the resulting surface slopes, with which the tetrahedrons (10) lying on it, leaning one edge against the side of the wall (16) is not less than six times the wall area of the quaternary (10) (FIG. 2). 2. Reservoir according to the provisions The method of claim 1, wherein the apex angle of the inclined surface of the bottom wall is approximately twice as large as the diagonal angle of the tetrahedron (10) packed in the tank. 3. A reservoir according to claims The method of claim 1, wherein the center of the bottom is shifted downward. 4. A reservoir according to claims A container according to claim 1, characterized in that the center of the bottom is shifted downwards and the bottom surface is inclined with respect to the side walls (16) under the cathene approximately equal to the biceps angle of the tetrahedron (10). A method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the bottom is substantially in the shape of a pyramid, the diagonal angle between the adjacent walls of the pyramid being approximately three times the angle of the diagonal tetrahedron (10). * v 6. Container according to claims A method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the sloping bottom bearing surface is provided with indentations extending radially inward from the junction of adjacent vertical walls (16). 7. A reservoir according to claims A reservoir according to claim 1, characterized in that the central part of the bearing surface (22) has indentations (20) reaching and extending into the deepened central part of the bearing surface. 3. A reservoir according to claim 1, characterized in that the bottom has a conical surface. The two-sided angles between the two adjacent walls of the bottom of the pyramid are approximately equal to the triple biceps angle of the quadrilateral. These wedge-shaped spaces are, as shown in Fig. 4, inserted into six quadrilaterals or, which thus form an intermediate layer. at the bottom the flattened edge 14b of each tetrahedron 2b n in the intermediate layer protrudes downwards into the weighted part 22 between the triangular walls of the bottom pyramid, so that the tetrahedron in the intermediate layer is substantially adjacent to the quadrilaterals of the bottom layer. the closing edges of the 14b tetrahedrons of the intermediate layer will rest with their ends at points located approximately on the middle lines of the vertical walls of the reservoir. The third or upper tetrahedron layer 10c is arranged as shown in Fig. 5 so that one closing edge 14c is pressed in a horizontal position under the upper bend 26 of the container, while the opposite closing edge is positioned substantially along the vertical axis. a new reservoir. Finally, the top layer may be covered with a lid, which has substantially the same shape as the bottom, and may be provided with protruding edge flaps that can be pressed under the folds 26 to secure the lid. In addition, the arrangement of the tetrahedra in different layers can be seen in Fig. 6, where, like Fig. 3-1-5, additional letter markings are used, and for the lower tetrahedrons, additional letter marks b for the tetrahedrons of the intermediate layer and additional markings letter t for upper layer tetrahedrons. FIG. 6 also shows how the free space inside the opposite edges is obtained for shaping handgrips or pallets 28. Such a reservoir may also advantageously be made of greater height than the reservoir described previously. However, the height should always be an integer multiple of the height of the container intended for packing the three layers of tetrahedrons packed as described above. Fig. 8 shows an example of an embodiment of a reservoir with 4 tetrahedrons each, with a compartmental bottom 32 having a shape approximately the same as that of the pyramid on every third layer. The partition caps 32 may be inserted loosely or, if necessary, they may rest on the lugs provided on the vertical walls of the reservoir *. When the tanks according to the invention are made of cardboard or the like, it may be desirable to fasten the bottom bottom to the walls of the tank only along opposite edges, and the other four edges may be left completely free. In such an embodiment, the empty tank , may be flattened entirely for ease of shipment from the container manufacturer and return of used packaging. Of course, for the same purpose, the bottom end may be inserted loosely and may be supported by the inner rim or by an appropriate number of supports or similar protrusions provided on the lower edge of the vertical walls of the reservoir. As mentioned in the introduction to the description, both the bottom bottom and the partition ends may have a shape different from the shape of a simple hexagonal pillar. Different designs of the caps are shown in Figs. 9 and 10, with Fig. 9 showing an intermediate shape between a pyramid and a cone, and Fig. 10 showing a completely conical bottom. The drawing shows the end caps still, but of course the invention also includes an embodiment in which the end caps have a 'truncated cone shape as shown in Fig. 2. At the same time, in order to show the possibility of a different position of the bottom, the ends are shown in the drawing. with the tops down, the walls of the reservoir being extended downwards, so that the reservoir in a vertical position stands on the lower edges of the walls, reinforced with rims. Of course, cutting the tops of the bottom also reduces the elongation of the side walls. In the embodiment according to FIG. 11, the number 16 denotes the walls of a hexagonal tank with cutouts 34 provided on the upper edge between the corners, the bottom corner 36 of the second tank engaging the cutouts when stacking a plurality of tanks one. on the second. The planks formed by the cutouts 34 can also be made in the form of carrying handles 38, similar to the lower basin in FIG. 11. The variation according to FIG. 12, as already mentioned, differs from the previous embodiments of the invention in that the cuts 34 according to Fig. 11, they are replaced by recesses 40 in the bottom corners. Of course, it is also possible to form a corner in the form of legs protruding down from the bottom edge, which, when stacking the reservoirs on top of each other, rest on the outer edge of the upper edge of the lower reservoir exactly between the corners of the upper edge. Figure-13 shows a slightly conical vessel with a circular horizontal cross-section, the side walls 16a being provided with three symmetrically spaced wedge-shaped grooves 42 extending from the lower edge to the upper edge. In the center between the recesses 42 there are cutouts 44 at the bottom edge, into which the corners 46 of the top edge of the recesses fit when several reservoirs are stacked on top of each other. It may be advantageous to implement the wedge-shaped cutout 48 at least at the top so that the edges 46 can be inserted more easily into it during stacking. The top edge may be stiffened by a wire ring 48 or the like to strengthen the structure. Assuming the conical shape of the tank according to Fig. 13 in proportion to its height, that the circle described at the tops of the edges of the edges 46 is surely smaller than the circumference of the bottom, which is again smaller than the circumference of the upper edge of the tank; it is also possible to stack several tanks on top of each other and alternately rotate the tanks so that the cuts 44 on the upper tank cover the two-sided angle 46 of the lower tank. At the same time, the reservoirs can be telescopically inserted one into the other; Fig. 14 shows the practical adaptation of the principle explained in Fig. 13 to a hexagonal reservoir. The grooves 50 extending from the bottom edge to the top edge are in this case made on every other vertical edge of the reservoir, while the others have recesses or concave corners 52 at the bottom to encircle the upper ends of the grooves.50 when several reservoirs are placed one on top of it. second. The upper surfaces of the groove risers' 42 and the upper part of their vertical openings may be reinforced by covering them with bonded plates 54, the upper part of which facilitates a better fit of the upper edges of the cuts 52 when stacking as shown in Fig. 15 during as the milk rims 56 can form a handle when handling the pods and serve as a support for inserting the reservoirs into the other as shown in FIG. 16, thereby making the arrangement loose, which again facilitates removal of the reservoirs. Containers can also be used for packing non-tetrahedron goods and then there is no need to shape the bottom in the form of a pyramid or a cone, but in this case the bottom can also be flat. Claims 1. A container for the packaging of objects in the form of regular tetrahedrons, characterized in that it has side walls (16). forming a substantially regular cuboid and a bottom wall (18), the outer edge of which is adjacent to the side walls in an essentially horizontal plane, and its center is offset in the axial direction perpendicular from the said horizontal plane, each the sidewall (16) has such a width that the edge of the quadrilateral (10) can be placed horizontally thereto, and the axial displacement of the center of the bottom wall (18) is of such a type that the resulting surface slopes, with which it contacts the tetrahedron (10) lying on it, abutting one edge against the side wall (16) is not less than six times the area of the wall of the quaternary (10) (Fig. 2). 2. Reservoir according to the provisions The method of claim 1, wherein the apex angle of the inclined surface of the bottom wall is approximately twice as large as the diagonal angle of the tetrahedron (id) packed in the tank. 3. A reservoir according to claims The method of claim 1, wherein the center of the bottom is shifted downward. 4. A reservoir according to claims A container according to claim 1, characterized in that the center of the bottom is shifted downwards and the bottom surface is inclined with respect to the side walls (16) under the cathene approximately equal to the biceps angle of the tetrahedron (10). The method of claim 1, wherein the bottom is substantially in the shape of a pyramid, the diagonal angle between the adjacent walls of the pyramid being approximately three times the angle of the diagonal tetrahedron (10). . ¦. ¦ *, 6. Container according to claims A method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the sloping bottom bearing surface is provided with indentations extending radially inward from the junction of adjacent vertical walls (16). 7. A reservoir according to claims 6. The method of claim 6, characterized in that the central portion of the bearing surface (22) has indentations (20) extending into and extending into the recessed center portion of the bearing surface. & Tank according to claims A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the bottom has a conical surface. - 59. A reservoir according to claims A method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the outer part of the bottom has the shape of a hexagonal pyramid, passing into a central part of a conical shape (Fig. 9). 10. Reservoir According to claim A method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the central portion of the bottom of the slope is cut. 11. A reservoir according to claims A method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that it has a reinforcement rim (24) attached to the bottom edge of the side walls (16) 'and calculated to telescope over the top edge of the second tank for stacking. 12. A reservoir according to claims A method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the two opposing joints of adjacent side walls are concave in the top portions to form grips or protrusions for engaging the stakes (30) (Figs. Z and 7). 13. A reservoir according to claims The method of claim 1, characterized in that the upper edge of each side wall is folded inwards to form a retaining rim under which the edge of the quadrilateral (26) ^ 14 can be inserted. Container for storing packages in the form of quadrilaterals (10), characterized in that its side walls (16) are arranged substantially in the shape of a cuboid, each having such a width that it can be horizontally abutted by the edge of the tetrahedron and the bottom (18) is adjacent to its perimeter to the side walls substantially in the plane of the cross-section perpendicular to the axis of the cuboid, while the central part of the bottom of the tank is axially displaced from this plane of the cross-section so that the elements of the bottom 18 of the tank constituting the supporting surfaces of the tetrahedron (18) are inclined with respect to the axis of the cuboid at an angle approximately equal to the cubic angle of the tetrahedron, with a layer of six quarters plants, lying surfaces on the bottom of the reservoir (Fig. 3) and the edges horizontally along each of the side walls, then (Fig. 4 and 5) two layers of six quadrilaterals are placed in each, 19 lying on the first layer, and in the intermediate layer of the tetrahedrons horizontally rest their ends approximately on the centers of two adjacent side walls. 15. A reservoir according to claims 14, characterized in that the central part of the bottom is placed above the plane containing the outer perimeter of the bottom, so that one face of each tetrahedron (10a) of the first layer (Fig. 3) is vertically oriented along the side walls (16). ), and the opposite walls (10a) of the adjacent tetrahedrons are flared upwards at an angle approximately equal to the diagonal angle of the tetrahedron, creating between them pits into which the quadrilaterals of the second layer (10a) (Fig. 4) enter the horizontal edges (14b) rest approximately on the centers of two adjacent side walls (16), with the tetrahedra of the third layer (10c) placed so that each rests on the upper surfaces of two adjacent tetrahedra of the second layer (10b), and the edge of each is arranged along the side wall of the tank (fig. 5). 16. A reservoir according to claim *. The method of claim 15, characterized in that the upper edge of each side wall thereof has a curl (26, 28) inwardly to form a periphery of an abutment. trench for * adjacent quadruple edge, of the third layer face (10c) (Fig. 5). 17. A reservoir according to claims 15, characterized in that its diametrically opposed edges are sunk in a place (28) below the level of the outer edge (14c) (Fig. 6) of tetrahedrons arranged in the third layer into the free space left by the outer edges (14b) ) (Fig. 4) of the tetrahedrons of the second layer, these recesses (28) forming handles (28) for lifting the tanks or cavities for receiving the ends of the stick (30) (Fig. 7). 18. A reservoir according to claim 14, characterized in that its length is equal to a multiple of the length occupied by three superposed layers of tetrahedrons, it has compartments (32) of essentially the same shape as and a bottom abutting on the side walls. above a packet of three tetra-layers (10ab, 10cc) (FIG. 6) to support a further three-layer pack (FIG. 8). 19. A reservoir according to claims 14, characterized in that the central part of its bottom is recessed below the transverse plane, the side walls (16) being extended below the bottom forming a good base for the reservoir (Fig. 10). Reservoir according to claims 1 to 19, intended to be stacked and stacked, characterized in that it has sloped sides from the bottom upwards and outwards, and the side walls have a shape of this kind and in position, in which the contours of the two tanks are parallel to each other (Fig. 16), one tank may lie inserted into the other, and in another position (Fig. 11, 12 and 15) the contour of the bottom of the tank intersects the contour of the upper edge of the other tank at least in three points (36- "38, 40 or 2-54) symmetrically distributed around the circumference, so that the tanks can be stacked on top of each other. 20, characterized in that it has the shape of regular polygons with at least six sides, the inclination of the walls being so related to the height that the longest diagonal of the bottom contour is much greater than the distance between two opposite edges. in the upper boundary surface of each tank, so that when one tank is placed on top of the other and the corner of the bottom of the upper tank falls in the center between the corners of the upper bounding surface of the lower tank, the upper tank will stand firmly on the upper edge of the lower reservoir (FIG. 11). 22. A reservoir according to claims The method of claim 21, characterized in that the corner of the bottom or the centers of the edges of the upper reservoirs are provided with indentations and their side edges are provided with protection. ., prevents the reservoirs from sliding sideways when stacked on top of each other (fig. II). ^ 23. Reservoir according to the provisions 20, characterized in that it is provided with at least three straight grooves extending from the edge of the bottom. to the upper edge and spaced substantially evenly around the circumference and so deep that the circle described at the top of the grooves in the upper bounding surface of the reservoir has a smaller diameter than that of the circle described in the outline of the bottom (FIG. 13). 24. A reservoir according to claim 23, characterized in that the walls (16a) between the grooves (42) have a circular profile (fig. 13). 25. A receptacle according to claim 23, characterized in that it has the contour of a regular polygon and an even number of sides, at least six, with grooves on every second side edge (Figs. 15, 16). 26. A reservoir according to claims 23-25, characterized in that it has cut-outs (44) preventing sideways slipping when stacking the tanks on top of each other, which indentations are made in the edge of the bottom in the middle between the grooves (42). 27. A reservoir according to claims 22 and 26, characterized in that the slots (22) (Fig. 14) are cut obliquely whereby it is facilitated to place one reservoir on top of the other (Fig. 16). Aktiebolaget Tetra Zastepca: Collegium of Patent Attorneys For patent description No. 38041. Ark. 1. To Patent No. 38041. Ark.

2. Ra 8 • M k-- * / v __ ^ -5? - "3? Ffg. 3. fi9.10 To patent specification No. 38041. Ark.

Fig. 11 Fig. 12 To Patent No. 33041. Fig.

4 Fig. 13 To Patent No. 38041, Ark.

5. Fig. 15 Sp. "Mutuality" ul. Targowa 48. Zam. 1163 of 25.VI.55. Sandless paper BI - 100 g. - 150. PL