PL25519B3 - Method of converting sylwinite into nitrates. - Google Patents
Method of converting sylwinite into nitrates. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- PL25519B3 PL25519B3 PL25519A PL2551936A PL25519B3 PL 25519 B3 PL25519 B3 PL 25519B3 PL 25519 A PL25519 A PL 25519A PL 2551936 A PL2551936 A PL 2551936A PL 25519 B3 PL25519 B3 PL 25519B3
- Authority
- PL
- Poland
- Prior art keywords
- solution
- nitrate
- ammonium chloride
- separated
- chloride
- Prior art date
Links
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims 6
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000010344 sodium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004317 sodium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010908 decantation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052925 anhydrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- BUKHSQBUKZIMLB-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium;sodium;dichloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-].[Cl-].[K+] BUKHSQBUKZIMLB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
Description
Najdluzszy czas trwania patentu do 20 kwietnia 1952 r.Przy wykonywaniu przeróbki sylwinitu na azotany wedlug patentu nr 24 870 oka¬ zalo sie mozliwe wprowadzenie pewnych udogodnien natury technicznej, które czy¬ nia te przeróbke jeszcze bardziej dogodna, a produkty koncowe — bardziej czystymi.Przede wszystkim okazalo sie, ze roz¬ twór, uzywany do reakcji drugiej, czyli czteroskladnikowy, wskutek wprowadzenia cial stalych z reakcji pierwszej staje sie roztworem piecioskladnikowym, nasyconym azotanem sodowym, chlorkiem amonowym i azotanem amonowym. Roztwór ten za¬ wiera, oczywiscie, duza ilosc potasu. Oko¬ licznosc ta zupelnie nie przeszkadza prze¬ biegowi dalszej reakcji, a nawet jest ko¬ rzystna, przeprowadzanie zas reakcji pierwszej moze sie odbywac bez dodawa¬ nia azotanu amonowego, którego sie dodaje dopiero pózniej w celu wyrównania strat jonu azotowego.Cale postepowanie przy przeróbce syl¬ winitu na azotany odbywa sie w sposób na¬ stepujacy.W roztworze, nasyconym azotanem po¬ tasowym, chlorkiem sodowym i chlorkiem amonowym, wytwarza sie zawiesine zmie¬ lonego sylwinitu i mieszajac wkrapla sie do tego roztworu powoli roztwór z reakcji nastepnej lub roztwór, nasycony azotanem sodowym, chlorkiem amonowym i azotanem amonowym. Chlorek potasowy szybkoprzechodzi do roztworu, przy czym tworzy sie azotan potasowy w duzych krysztalach ir chlorek amonowy. G&ube krysztaly azota¬ nu potasowego odsiewa sie od chlorku amo¬ nowego, nierozpuszczonej soli kuchennej i nierozpuszczalnych cial zanieczyszczaja- cych (ilu i anhydrytu). Nalezy zwracac uwage, by ilosc sylwinitu, zawieszonego w roztworze pierwszym, nie byla znacznie wieksza, niz jeden mol chlorku potasu na litr roztworu. W nastepnej fazie reakcji po oddzieleniu azotanu potasowego zawie¬ sine, od której mozna zdekantowac nad¬ miar roztworu, zadaje sie azotanem amo¬ nowym. Z poczatku wytraca sie tylko bar¬ dzo czysty chlorek amonowy. Dopiero przy dalszym dodawaniu wytraca sie azotan so¬ dowy] w wielkich krysztalach, które mozna latwo odsiac lub w inny sposób oddzielic od chlorku amonowego i zanieczyszczajacych cial nierozpuszczalnych.Osad chlorku amonowego i cial nieroz¬ puszczalnych oddziela sie od cieczy, która powraca do reakcji.Trzy powyzsze czynnosci mozna prze¬ prowadzic izotermicznie wzglednie z malym spadkiem temperatury, spowodowanym po¬ chlanianiem ciepla przy rozpuszczaniu sie soli.Czestokroc przy przeróbce izotermicznej krysztaly azotanów wypadaja nierówne i nie dosc wielkie. Wówczas jest rzecza ko¬ rzystna podgrzanie takiego roztworu wraz z krysztalami w celu rozpuszczenia malych krysztalków i nastepne ochlodzenie, gdyz wtedy male krysztalki azotanu rozpuszcza sie, a przy ochlodzeniu narastaja tylko duze.Niezaleznie od tego szczepienie roz¬ tworów odpowiednia iloscia) zarodków daje rezultaty bardzo dobre, jezeli chodzi o re¬ gulacje krystalizacji w ten sposób, aby krysztaly byly dokladnie zadanej wielko¬ sci.Chcac otrzymac sole zupelnie czyste na¬ lezy przemywac odwirowane osady tak, jak to podano w patencie nr 24 870. Bilans wodny wykazuje wówczas pewien nadmiar dodanej wody, która musi byó odparowana dodatkowo. PLThe longest term of the patent until April 20, 1952 When carrying out the conversion of sylwinite into nitrates according to patent No. 24 870, it was found possible to introduce certain technical facilities that make the processing even more convenient, and the final products - cleaner. All it turned out that the solution used for the second reaction, ie the four-component solution, due to the introduction of solids from the first reaction, becomes a five-component solution, saturated with sodium nitrate, ammonium chloride and ammonium nitrate. This solution, of course, contains a large amount of potassium. This circumstance does not obstruct the further reaction at all, and is even preferable, the first reaction can be carried out without the addition of ammonium nitrate, which is added only later to compensate for the loss of nitric ion. Silvinite for nitrates is carried out in the following manner. In a solution saturated with potassium nitrate, sodium chloride and ammonium chloride, a suspension of ground sylvinite is prepared and, while stirring, the solution from the next reaction or the solution is slowly added dropwise to this solution. saturated with sodium nitrate, ammonium chloride and ammonium nitrate. Potassium chloride goes into solution quickly, with the formation of potassium nitrate in large crystals and ammonium chloride. Deep potassium nitrate crystals are screened off from ammonium chloride, undissolved table salt, and insoluble pollutants (both and anhydrite). It should be ensured that the amount of sylvinite suspended in the first solution is not much more than one mole of potassium chloride per liter of solution. In the next reaction phase, after the potassium nitrate has been separated off, the suspension, from which the excess solution can be decanted, is mixed with ammonium nitrate. Initially, only the very pure ammonium chloride is eliminated. It is only on further addition that sodium nitrate is precipitated in large crystals, which can be easily sieved or otherwise separated from the ammonium chloride and the contaminating insoluble matter. The precipitate of ammonium chloride and insoluble matter is separated from the liquid, which returns to the reaction. The three above operations can be carried out isothermally with a small drop in temperature due to heat leakage as the salt dissolves. Often with isothermal processing, the nitrate crystals appear uneven and not quite large. Then it is advantageous to heat such a solution together with the crystals in order to dissolve the small crystals and then cool it down, because then the small nitrate crystals dissolve and on cooling only large grow. Regardless of this, the seedling of the solutions with the appropriate number of seeds gives very good results good to regulate the crystallization in such a way that the crystals are of the exact size. In order to obtain the salts completely clean, it is necessary to wash the centrifuged sediments as described in patent No. 24,870. The water balance then shows a certain excess added water that must be evaporated additionally. PL
Claims (3)
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| PL25519B3 true PL25519B3 (en) | 1937-10-30 |
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