PL232113B1 - System of a self-supporting, bifolding gateway - Google Patents

Abstract

The subject of the application is a self-supporting folding gate system comprising a gate post (1) constituting a supporting structure of the gate system, and at least one gate wing comprising at least an internal segment (2) and an external segment (3), wherein the internal segment (2) is attached to the gate post (1) by means of an internal hinge (12) ensuring the rotation of the internal segment (2) relative to the gate post (1) by an angle of at least 90°, and the external segment (3) is connected to the internal segment (2) by means of an intermediate hinge (4) ensuring the rotation of the external segment (3) relative to the internal segment (2) by an angle of at least 180°, in which the intermediate hinge (4) has its axis of rotation shifted towards the outside of the folding gate system, beyond the plane defined by the wing segments (2, 3) in the closed position of the folding gate system, wherein the folding gate system additionally comprises a main arm (5) attached at one end to the gate post (1) by means of an articulated mounting (6), and at the other end, by means of an articulated connection, to an intermediate arm, wherein the intermediate arm is connected at the other end, by means of an articulated connection, to an internal mounting of the outer wing segment (3), permanently attached to the outer wing segment (3), on the side adjacent to the inner wing segment (2), opposite to the intermediate hinge (4), and an auxiliary arm is connected at one end, by means of an articulated connection, to an external mounting of the inner wing segment (2), permanently attached to the inner wing segment (2), on the side adjacent to the outer wing segment (3), opposite to the intermediate hinge (4), wherein the auxiliary arm is connected at the other end, by means of an articulated connection, to the intermediate arm, in the intermediate area between its ends, wherein the appropriate ratios of the sizes of the individual parts of the self-supporting folding gate system are maintained for proper operation.

Description

Description of the invention

Field of the Invention

The subject of the invention is a self-supporting broken gate system, applicable on spatially limited plots and in unusual terrain, ensuring the reduction of the space necessary for the movement of the gate system leaves during opening and closing.

State of the art

In the state of the art, double-leaf gates with two or more wings are known, also called folding gates or folding gates. The main advantage of this type of solution is the small space required for the proper operation of the gate, i.e. opening and closing it. Moreover, this space is only required on one side of the door system. Most commonly used solutions for swing gates have an opening mechanism made in such a way that a part of the mechanism is visible and accessible from the entrance side. This has a large impact on safety, as it is possible to disassemble or disconnect the mechanism from the outside, which may result in the possibility of an unauthorized entry by disassembling the gate drive mechanism. Another disadvantage of known solutions for swing gates, when the drive system in the form of an actuator is used for only one segment of the gate leaf, is the loss of control over the remaining segments of the leaf. This problem in the prior art is solved by the use of a guide rail placed above the gate or in the ground and appropriate sliders or wheels running on these rails. Such sash guidance systems additionally complicate the structure of the door system, and at the same time can cause damage to the door drive mechanism when the guide becomes dirty or the system freezes.

The description of Polish patent application P.412331 discloses a door system comprising a load-bearing structure, a folding door leaf comprising at least two sections, the first of which is pivotally fastened to the load-bearing structure, and the second is pivotally fastened to the first segment of the door leaf. The essence of the cited solution is that the door system further comprises a fastening element attached to the support structure and a gear comprising a first member pivotally attached to the first segment adjacent the second leaf segment and a second member fixedly attached to the second door leaf segment adjacent the first leaf segment. The gear members are arranged such that the second member receives the rotation of the first segment and causes the second segment to rotate synchronously, the gear ratio (the first member to the second member) being in the range of 1: 1 to 3: 1. Moreover, the gate system further comprises an orientation locating means movably attached to the fastening element and to the first gear member, which provides synchronous rotation of the first member during movement of the gate leaf. The cited solution is a relatively complicated structure, based on a multi-component gear system, which due to its significant complexity is characterized by increased failure rate. Moreover, a large part of the door system is accessible from the outside, which reduces the level of security of this type of solution.

In turn, from the European patent application EP0450649 (A1) a kit is known for folding a plurality of doors aligned in a plan view. Two adjacent door segments are provided with connecting hinges having gear parts engaging each other. In this way, the adjacent door sections are rotated through the same angle during folding. A line that the folding door sections do not cross is ensured by the use of oriented guides in the upper and lower parts of the folding set and corresponding sliding elements.

The description of the international patent application WO2004074616 (A1) shows a folding door comprising a segment suspended by means of a hinge to a support post and at least one segment of a door leaf hinged in series with a segment suspended on a support post. The folding gate further comprises a pivot device connected to one or each gate wing section, which has an axis of rotation shared with the hinge, the pivot device being statically attached to the gate wing section so that rotation of each pivot device causes the gate wing section to pivot around the hinge. Also provided in the folding door is a power transmission device, coupling the pivot devices and adapted to transmit the pivoting movement of the pendant segment to the support post on the pivot of the pivot devices in order to open all the sections simultaneously.

PL 232 113 B1

In the presented embodiments of the cited solution, the rotary devices take the form of toothed gears, and the drive transmission system is based on a coupling chain, which complicates the solution and reduces its reliability.

Disclosure of the Invention

The technical problem faced by the present invention is to provide such a system of a self-supporting pivot door, which will be characterized by increased safety, will allow to increase the precision of the movement of the door leaf, in particular when returning when folding the leaf, so that the leaf will return precisely to the place where it has been set, and It will be a structurally simple solution, limiting the number of used components, in particular active components, and at the same time characterized by increased reliability. The present invention has unexpectedly solved the above-mentioned technical problems.

The subject of the invention is a self-supporting swing gate system, comprising a gate post constituting the support structure of the gate system, and at least one gate wing including at least an inner section and an outer section, the inner section being attached to the gate post by means of an inner hinge ensuring rotation. of the inner segment with respect to the gate post by an angle of at least 90 °, and the outer segment is connected to the inner segment through an intermediate hinge, ensuring the rotation of the outer segment in relation to the inner segment by an angle of at least 180 °, in which the intermediate hinge has an offset axis of rotation in outside the swing gate system, beyond the plane defined by the leaf segments in the closed position of the swing gate system, characterized in that the swing gate system additionally includes a main arm fixed at one end to the gate post by means of fastening articulated, and at the other end, through an articulation to the intermediate arm, the intermediate arm being connected at the other end, by means of an articulation, to the inner fixing of the outer wing segment, firmly fixed to the outer wing segment, on the side adjacent to the inner wing segment, opposite to the intermediate hinge, and the auxiliary arm connected at one end, by means of an articulation, to the outer fixing of the inner part of the leaf, firmly attached to the inner part of the leaf, on the side adjacent to the outer part of the leaf, opposite to the intermediate hinge, the auxiliary arm being connected at the other end, via an articulation, with the intermediate arm, in the region between its ends, the ratio of the length of the auxiliary arm to the length of the intermediate arm being in the range of 0.35 to 0.55, the ratio ra of the main property to the length of the inner section of the wing is approx. 1, and the hinged fastening is attached to the gate post at a distance from the position farthest in relation to the inner section of the wing to a position of about 0.15 of the length of the intermediate arm from the outer edge of the gate post, on its surface opposite to the intermediate hinge, and the inner fastening extends towards the inner part of the sash by a distance ranging from 0.05 to 0.25 of the length of the intermediate arm, while the auxiliary arm is attached to the outer fastening shifted from the edge of the outer end of the sash inner part by a distance of is in the range of 0.045 to 0.125 of the length of the intermediate limb, the intermediate hinge providing a distance between the wing segments comprised in the range of 0.05 to 0.25 of the length of the intermediate limb.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the second end of the auxiliary arm is connected via an articulation to the intermediate arm at a distance between 0.3 and 0.4 of the length of the intermediate arm from the articulated connection with the main arm.

In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the articulation joints are fitted bolts and / or plain bearings.

Preferably, the door system further comprises a drive mechanism, preferably an actuator, forcing the inner segment of the leaf to rotate.

The system of the self-supporting swing gate according to the present invention, thanks to the arrangement of the opening / closing mechanism on the inside of the fenced property, is characterized by increased safety of use, and in particular, protects against undesirable dismantling of structural elements and unintentional opening of the gate. Appropriate structure of the opening / closing mechanism of the swing gate system by ensuring asymmetric movement of the segment

The combination of the outer wing with respect to the inner wing segment allows to increase the precision of movement, in particular of the outer wing segment, especially when folding it. Thanks to this structure, the outer sash segment always returns to its place. More specifically, when folding the swing door system according to the present invention, it can be seen that initially the outer wing section folds much more slowly with respect to the inner wing section. Only in the final phase of the movement does the outer sash segment accelerate in order to be level with the inner sash. Conversely, when closing, the outer segment of the wing moves faster, and in the final phase of the movement it slows down. Such operation of the swing gate system significantly increases the positioning precision. Despite the lack of a retainer in the ground, the sash segments return to their place. The lack of a guide rail placed above the door or in the ground prevents frequent failures of other swing gates, especially when the guide rail becomes dirty or the system freezes. Hence, the self-supporting swing gate system according to the present invention is a reliable solution that can be used in various climatic zones, including places where snowfall occurs in freezing temperatures. Moreover, the swing gate system according to the present invention is a structurally simple solution, limiting the number of used components, in particular active components, which significantly increases its reliability. The simple structure reduces the consumption of materials needed to produce the self-supporting swing gate system according to the invention, and thus the cost of its manufacture and assembly is lowered.

Brief description of the figures of the drawing

Exemplary implementations of the invention are presented in the drawing figures, where:

Fig. 1 shows a plan view of a single-sided self-supporting swing door system according to one embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 shows an enlargement of the connecting area of the leaf segments of the door system of Fig. 1, Fig. 3 AG show the various steps of opening the door system of Fig. 1, fig. 4 shows a comparative characteristic of the rotation angle of the door leaf segments of the door system of fig. 1, while fig. 5 shows a diagram of a double-sided self-supporting swing door system according to another embodiment of the present invention in a top view.

Examples

P r z k ł a d 1

System of a self-supporting, one-sided swing gate

A non-limiting embodiment of a self-supporting swing door system according to the present invention is shown schematically in Figures 1 and 2. The present embodiment shows a single-sided swing door system with a gate leaf consisting of two leaf sections. It should be mentioned here that this is not a limitation of the present invention and that the present invention can be applied to double-sided and / or gate systems consisting of more than two leaf segments. The folding door system shown in Fig. 1 generally comprises a pillar 1 and two leaf sections 2 and 3 (an inner section and an outer section 3). The inner section of the leaf 2 is attached to the gate post 1 via an inner hinge 12. The used inner hinge 12 provides one degree of freedom of rotation of the inner section of the wing 2 with respect to the gate post 1 by an angle of more than 90 °. The inner segment of the leaf 2 is connected to the outer segment of the leaf 3 via an intermediate hinge 4. The applied intermediate hinge 4 likewise provides one degree of freedom of rotation of the outer segment of the leaf 3 with respect to the inner segment of the leaf 2 by an angle of approximately 180 °, said intermediate hinge 4 having shifted axis of rotation towards the outside of the swing gate system, beyond the plane defined by the leaf segments 2 and 3 in the closed position of the swing gate system. The displacement of the pivot axis of the intermediate hinge 4 determines the distance of the leaf segments 2 and 3 after the door system has been opened (shown schematically in Fig. 3G).

A hinge 6 is permanently attached to the gate post 1, also providing one degree of freedom. Attached to this articulation 6 is the main arm 5, which is articulated with the intermediate arm 7 at its other end, as best illustrated in the enlargement of Fig. 2. The main arm 5, through the intermediate arm 7, conveys

Movement of the inner part of the leaf 2 to the inner fastening 10 of the outer part of the leaf 3, fixed to the outer part of the leaf 3, on the side adjacent to the inner part of the leaf 2, opposite to the intermediate hinge 4. Additionally, the intermediate arm 7 is connected to the external fastening 9 of the inner section of the wing 2, fixed to the inner section of the wing 2, on the side adjacent to the outer section of the wing 2, opposite to the intermediate hinge 4, this connection being made by means of an auxiliary arm 8, hinged at one end to the outer fixing 9, and the other end also articulated with the intermediate arm 7, in the area between the ends of the intermediate arm 7, approximately 1/3 of the length of the intermediate arm 7 from the articulation 11 to the main arm 5. All articulated joints 11 use shoulder bolts and / or plain bearings make it possible smooth movement of all elements of the swing gate system. Moreover, the gate system may additionally comprise a drive mechanism, for example in the form of an actuator, which forces the rotation of the inner section of the leaf 2 and allows the automation of the opening / closing of the swing gate system.

In the embodiment shown, the lengths of the inner section of the wing 2 and the outer section of the wing 3 are approximately 1000 mm, but this is not a limitation of the present invention and other lengths may be used if desired. The length of the main arm 5, on the other hand, is approximately equal to the length of the inner segment of the wing 2, i.e. in the present embodiment also approximately 1000 mm. The main arm 5 is attached to the hinge 6, which is attached to the gate post 1 at a distance furthest from the inner section of the leaf 2 from the outer edge of the gate post 1 on its surface opposite the intermediate hinge 4. In other embodiments, the hinge 6 may be offset from edge of the gate post 1 to a distance of up to about 0.15 of the length of the intermediate arm 7 (up to about 30 mm for the present embodiment). The length of the intermediate arm 7 is approximately 190 mm. The length of the auxiliary arm 8 in the present embodiment is 90 mm, so that the ratio of the length of the auxiliary arm 8 to the length of the intermediate arm 7 is approx. 0.47, while in other embodiments it is possible to use the auxiliary arm 8 of a different length so that the above ratio ranged from 0.35 to 0.55. Further, the inner fastening 10 extends towards the inner part of the wing 2 by a distance of 20 mm, i.e. about 0.1 of the length of the intermediate limb 7, while in other embodiments the inner fastening 10 may extend to a distance ranging from 0 , 05 to 0.25 of the length of the intermediate arm 7. In turn, the auxiliary arm 8 is attached to the outer fastening 9 shifted from the edge of the outer end of the inner part of the wing 2 by a distance of 20 mm, which corresponds to 0.1 of the length of the intermediate arm 7, while in other In some embodiments, the outer fastening 9 can be moved to a different distance, corresponding to a range from 0.045 to 0.125 of the length of the intermediate arm 7. And finally, the intermediate hinge 4 provides a distance between the wing segments 2 and 3 of about 19 mm, corresponding to 0.1 of the length of the arm intermediate 7, while in other embodiments the distance may be from 0.05d by 0.25 of the length of the intermediate arm 7. Figs. 3A-G show the various steps of opening a door system according to the present embodiment of the invention. In particular, Fig. 3A shows the door system of the present embodiment in a fully closed position, where the angle between the inner section of the leaf 2 and the gate post 1 is 180 ° and the angle between the inner section of the leaf 2 and the outer section of the leaf 3 is also 180 °. . In the first phase of opening the door system shown in Fig. 3B, it can be seen that the leaf segments 2 and 3 start to rotate relative to each other, but the rotation is asymmetrical. Thus, the angle between the inner section of the wing 2 and the gate mullion 1 is 165 °, and the angle between the inner section of the wing 2 and the outer section of the wing 3 is 171 °. In the next step of opening the door system (Fig. 3C), these angles are respectively 150 ° and 159 °. Further, with the opening of the door system (Fig. 3D), the angle between the inner section of the leaf 2 and the gate post 1 is 135 [deg.] And the angle between the inner section of the wing 2 and the outer section of the wing 3 is 142 [deg.]. In the next step of opening the door system, shown in Fig. 3E, the rotation of the outer section of the leaf 3 is accelerated and the said angles between the individual structures are respectively 120 ° and 118 °. In the final phase of opening the door system (Fig. 3F), the outer section of the leaf 3 continues to rotate at a higher speed, so that the angle between the inner section of the leaf 2 and the gate-pillar 1 is

PL232 113 Β1

105 °, and the angle between the inner section of the wing 2 and the outer section of the wing 3 is 76 °. Fig. 3G shows a door system according to the present invention in a fully open position with angles between the structures of 90 ° and 0 °, respectively.

As indicated above, when opening the swing door system according to the present invention, it can be seen that initially the outer section of the leaf 3 rotates much more slowly with respect to the inner section of the leaf 2. Only in the last phase of opening the outer section of the leaf 3 accelerates to align with the inner section of the leaf. 2. Similarly, when closing the door system, the outer segment of the leaf 3 moves much faster in relation to the inner segment of the leaf 2, and in the final stage of the closing operation it slows down and synchronizes the moment of closing with the inner segment of the leaf 2. As can be seen during the complete opening or closing of the system of the gate, the inner section of the leaf 2 rotates about 90 ° in relation to the gate pillar 1, and the outer section of the leaf 3 rotates about 180 ° in relation to the inner section of the leaf 2.

In the case of linear movement of the inner segment of the leaf 2 and the outer segment of the leaf 3, the opening angle of the outer segment of the leaf 3 would be twice the opening angle of the inner segment of the leaf 2. In the swing door system according to the present invention, due to the precision of the movement in the initial (and final) opening phase closing), the outer segment of the leaf 3 rotates by a smaller angle, but accelerates in the final phase of opening (and initial closing). Table 1 shows a comparison of the rotation angles of the wing segments 2 and 3 along with the theoretical linear rotation angle.

Table 1

Wing inner segment angle 2 180 170 160 150 140 130 120 110 100 90 Wing outer segment angle 3 180 174 168 159 148 134 117 95 57 0 Wing 2 Inner Segment Angle - the absolute value of the angle change 0 10 twenty thirty 40 50 60 70 80 90 Leaf outer segment 3 angle - the absolute value of the angle change 0 6 12 21 32 46 63 85 123 180 Comparative linear change of the angle of the outer segment of the wing 3 0 twenty 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180

The data presented in Table 1 allowed for the drawing of a comparative characteristic of the rotation angle of the leaf segments 2 and 3 of the door system (see Fig. 4), which confirms the achievement of greater precision of movement, in particular of the outer segment of the leaf 3.

By appropriate selection of the articulation points 11 and the length of the intermediate arm 7, the auxiliary arm 8 and the point of the fixed attachment of the external fastening 9, the smooth and precise movement of the outer segment of the wing 3 was obtained. The relationship between the main arm 5, intermediate arm 7, auxiliary arm 8 and the inner fastening 10 allowed to obtain asymmetry of the movement of both wing segments 2 and 3. In particular, the length of the intermediate arm 7, auxiliary arm 8 together with the internal fastening point 10 is responsible for changing the rotation angle of the outer segment of the wing 3. However, by changing the internal fastening point 10, it is possible to adjust the parallelism with respect to leaf segments 2 and 3 in the closed position. In turn, the length of the main arm 5 is responsible for the parallelism of the inner section of the leaf 2 with the line of the swing door system in the closed position. The articulation 6 of the main arm 5, on the other hand, makes it possible to adjust the parallelism of the folded wing segments 2 and 3.

The presented system of the self-supporting swing gate, thanks to its structure, ensures significantly increased positioning precision, so that despite the lack of a retaining element in the ground, the leaf segments 2 and 3 return to their place.

PL 232 113 B1

It should be noted that with the prior art, even a slight play at the start of the system across the long arm becomes clearly visible. By reducing the influence of the movement of the outer segment of the sash 3 in the initial phase of opening, it is also possible to reduce the influence of the backlash. If the backlash is taken as part of the idle movement then this effect is clearly visible. By gear-shifting the outer sash segment 3 without blocking, slight deviations in both directions are obtained. These deviations in the linear ratio are transferred 1 to 1 to the entire system. In the present invention, thanks to the structure of the swing door system according to the invention, it is possible to avoid these drawbacks.

P r z k ł a d 2

System of a self-supporting, double-sided swing gate

A non-limiting embodiment of the double-sided self-supporting swing gate system according to the present invention is shown schematically in Fig. 5. The double-sided self-supporting swing gate system is similar to the one-sided self-supporting swing gate system shown in Example 1, except that the gate consists of two gate posts. 1 (right and left) and two gate leaves (right gate leaf and left gate leaf), each of which is made of two leaf sections 2 and 3 (inner section 2 and outer section 3). In addition, the double-sided swing gate system includes a drive mechanism, for example in the form of two actuators, which in a coordinated manner force the rotation of the inner section of the leaf 2 of the right gate leaf and the inner segment of the left leaf 2 of the left gate leaf, thus opening / closing the double-sided gate system automatic.

The person skilled in the art will understand that the examples presented are only intended to illustrate possible embodiments using a self-supporting swing gate system, and not to limit the scope of the invention. The self-supporting swing gate system according to the invention can also be used in many other configurations, e.g.

• The left wing can be of a different length than the right wing;

• The right wing can be broken, the left wing can be a classic wing of similar length or shorter, used e.g. as a gate, etc.

The choice of a specific solution will depend on the specific terrain, plot shape or atypical entrance and is within the knowledge and skills of a specialist in the field.

List of symbols:

- gate post

- inner leaf segment

- outer wing segment

- intermediate hinge

- main arm

- articulated mounting

- intermediate arm

- auxiliary arm

- external mounting

- internal fastening

- articulated mounting

- internal hinge

Claims (4)

Patent claims 1. A self-supporting swing gate system, comprising a gate post (1), which is the load-bearing structure of the gate system, and at least one gate leaf, including at least a segment The inner section (2) and the outer section (3), the inner section (2) being attached to the gate post (1) by means of an inner hinge (12) that rotates the inner section (2) relative to the gate post (1) ) by an angle of at least 90 °, and the outer section (3) is connected to the inner section (2) through an intermediate hinge (4) that rotates the outer section (3) relative to the inner section (2) by an angle of at least 180 °, in which the intermediate hinge (4) has a pivot axis shifted towards the outside of the swing door system, beyond the plane defined by the leaf segments (2, 3) in the closed position of the swing door system, characterized in that the swing door system additionally comprises a main arm (5) fixed at one end to the gate post (1) via an articulation (6) and at the other end, via an articulation (11), to the intermediate arm (7), the intermediate arm (7) is connected with the other end, through an articulated connection (11), to the inner fastening (10) of the outer segment of the wing (3), permanently attached to the outer segment of the wing (3), from the side adjacent to the inner segment of the wing (2), opposite to the intermediate hinge (4), and the auxiliary arm (8) connected at one end, via an articulation (11), to the outer fastening (9) of the inner wing section (2), firmly attached to the inner wing section (2), on the side adjacent to the outer segment of the wing (3), opposite to the intermediate hinge (4), the auxiliary arm (8) being connected at the other end via an articulation (11) with the intermediate arm (7), in the area intermediate between its ends, the ratio of the length of the auxiliary arm (8) to the length of the intermediate arm (7) is in the range from 0.35 to 0.55, the ratio of the main arm (5) to the length of the segment of the inner wing (2) is about 1, and the hinge (6) is attached to the gate post (1) at a distance from the position furthest from the inner segment of the wing (2) to a position of about 0.15 of the length of the intermediate arm (7) from of the outer edge of the gate post (1) on its surface opposite to the intermediate hinge (4), and the inner fastening (10) extends towards the inner part of the leaf (2) for a distance ranging from 0.05 to 0.25 of the length the intermediate arm (7), while the auxiliary arm (8) is attached to the outer fastening (9) shifted from the edge of the outer end of the inner wing (2) by a distance ranging from 0.045 to 0.125 of the length of the intermediate arm (7), the intermediate hinge (4) provides a distance between the wing segments (2) and (3) ranging from 0.05 to 0.25 of the length of the intermediate arm (7). 2. A door system as claimed in claim The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the other end of the auxiliary arm (8) is connected via articulation (11) with the intermediate arm (7) at a distance ranging from 0.3 to 0.4 of the length of the intermediate arm (7) from articulated connection (11) with the main arm (5). 3. A door system as claimed in claim Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the articulated joints (11) are fitted bolts and / or plain bearings. 4. A gate system as claimed in any of claims 1 to 5. 1 to 3, characterized in that it additionally comprises a drive mechanism, preferably an actuator, forcing the rotation of the inner segment of the wing (2).