PL214714B1 - New ecological coolant for the metalwork - Google Patents

Description

The subject of the invention is a metalworking coolant, intended for use in all areas of metal cutting and non-cutting, in circulating cooling systems and hydraulic fluids, especially where the metal is in contact with a water and / or glycol and / or polyglycol and / or oil.

One of the known, effective machining liquids in the above systems, and at the same time safe for humans and the natural environment, are compositions based on various alkenesuccinic compounds.

US Patent No. 4,053,426 describes a water-soluble lubricant composition with good anti-corrosive and biocidal properties, obtained by reacting an alkyl or alkenesuccinic acid methyl ester with triethanolamine.

U.S. Patent No. 4,185,485 describes aqueous lubricant compositions with good anti-corrosion properties, obtained by reacting succinic anhydride or its acid with a tertiary alkylamine containing from 2 to 100 carbon atoms and a hydroxyl group or hydroxypolyetheramine containing from 1 to 150 moles of ethylene or propylene oxide. . The composition further comprises rosin soap or 0.5-15% by weight of a monocarboxylic acid containing from 2 to 10 carbon atoms.

The authors of US Patent No. 4,609,531 disclosed an anti-corrosive lubricant which is a semi-amide obtained by reacting an alkenesuccinic acid or anhydride with ammonia, then neutralized with an amine or hydroxyamine.

US 4,705,666 describes a corrosion inhibitor acting in aqueous solutions, obtained by reacting alkenesuccinic anhydride with dialkylamines containing two radicals containing from 1 to 10 carbon atoms in a 1: 1 molar ratio at a temperature of 70-90 ° C, which it is then neutralized with alkanolamines.

US 4,724,124 describes alkenesuccinic acid hemiamides as effective corrosion inhibitors in aqueous metalworking fluid systems. They are obtained by heating the alkenesuccinic anhydride with the primary aliphatic amine in an equimolar ratio at a temperature of 70-80 ° C and then neutralization with sodium hydroxide or alkanolamines.

Polish patent no. PL 151 006 presents a metalworking liquid containing, among others, 0.1-5.0% by weight of amine salts of alkenesuccinic acids, 0.05-2.0% by weight of block copolymers of ethylene oxide and propylene, and 0.001-0.1 % by weight of heterocyclic compounds containing at least one nitrogen and sulfur atom.

Another Polish patent No. PL 158 757 presents a cooling lubricant composition for metalworking, containing, inter alia, 0.1-5.0% by weight of alkenesuccinic acid monoamide neutralized with an aliphatic and / or heterocyclic amine and / or alkanolamine and / or boric acid esters and / or phosphoric with alkanolamines and 0.001-1.0% by weight of water-soluble block copolymers of ethylene oxide and propylene and / or butylene oxide.

The author of the patent PL 158 758 describes a metalworking fluid containing 0.1-5.0% by weight of a carboxylic alkenesuccinimide neutralized with an aliphatic and / or heterocyclic amine and / or alkanolamine and / or esters of boric and / or phosphoric acid with alkanolamines and 0.001 -1.0% by weight of water-soluble block copolymers of ethylene oxide and / or propylene and / or butylene oxide with a molecular weight of 1,000-10,000.

It is known to obtain and use biodegradable iminodisuccinate acids as complexing agents for calcium and magnesium ions and other multivalent metals. These biodegradable complexing compounds mask water-soluble metal ions in water, reducing their precipitation as insoluble sediments. This prevents, among other things, from giving washed fabrics a gray tint, the formation of deposits on everyday items and the catalytic decomposition of oxygen bleaching agents. Therefore, iminodisuccinates have been used as ingredients in washing and cleaning agents in the cosmetics, textile, paper, photographic and construction industries. They are also used as biochelates for agriculture.

The method for the preparation and use of iminodisuccinic acids and / or salts is described in the following patents: US 6,056,787, US 6,207,010, US 6,870,026, US 7,166,688, US 7,183,429, GB 1,306,331, US 0 629,208 , US 0 639 863, DE 3 739 610, DE 10 034 101, DE 10 034 102, DE 10 142 932,

PL 214 714 B1

EP 1 284 129, EP 1 284 131, EP 1 285 648, EP 1 351 665, EP 1 583 861, JP 5 320 109, JP 6 329 606, JP 6 329 607, JP 8 012 631.

Hydroxyiminodisuccinic compounds are described, for example, in US Patent Nos. 3,929,874, US 5,318,720, US 5,318,726 and US 5,905,160 as well as US publications 2006 288 910 and US 2007 027 206.

As proved in practice, iminodisuccinic and hydroxyiminodisuccinic acids are not suitable for metalworking because they do not have a polar alkyl or alkylene group and are therefore not good corrosion inhibitors and lubricants.

From US patent 5,183,590 there are known aminohydroxysuccinates and bisaminohydroxysuccinates which are inhibitors of iron corrosion in aqueous systems. These compounds with the structural formula and physico-chemical properties diametrically differ from those reported by the inventors of the new cyclic iminosuccinates containing a carbonyl group.

A drawback of all alkenesuccinic compositions is that they are highly foaming when the alkylene has more than 8 carbon atoms. However, the biggest disadvantage of all preparations containing alkenesuccinic compounds is that with calcium and magnesium ions they form water-insoluble soaps that stick to the machine, tools and workpiece, and the solution quickly depletes in terms of active substances.

None of the prior art publications describe or suggest the use of cyclic carbonyl containing iminosuccinates for metal machining and chipless machining.

The aim of the invention is to develop a coolant for metalworking, which would be non-foaming, form water-soluble compounds with multivalent metals, and at the same time meet the requirements for metalworking fluids, metal surface treatment, as well as in cooling, hydraulic and other systems.

As a result of many years of research and various tests, it has surprisingly been possible to invent a low-foaming, hard and saline water resistant as well as ecological and highly effective coolant, which will be used in all areas of metal cutting and non-cutting, in circulating cooling systems and hydraulic fluids, especially there, wherein the metal is in contact with a water and / or glycol and / or polyglycol and / or oil system.

The water-containing metalworking coolant and the additives according to the invention are characterized in that it contains biodegradable, cyclic, carbonyl-containing amidoiminosuccinates of the general formula:

where:

A is straight or branched alkylene with more than two and less than 18 carbon atoms, R1 and R2 are the same and represent a substituted alkyl or hydroxyalkyl or cycloalkyl or alkenyl group of up to 12 carbon atoms, an aryl or alkylaryl group, or together with an atom nitrogen can form 5 or 6 membered rings, optionally containing oxygen and / or sulfur and / or nitrogen heteroatoms, K is an inorganic or organic cation, m is from 0.5 to 5, and n is the valency of the cation.

The metalworking coolant according to the invention is characterized in that K is a monovalent cation derived from alkali metal hydroxides, alkali metal carbonates and other compounds, preferably metal oxides and / or basic salts.

The coolant according to the invention is also characterized in that it contains Mg ²⁺ , Ca ²⁺ , Zn ²⁺ , Cu ²⁺ , Sn ²⁺ , Ni ²⁺ , Co ²⁺ , Mn ²⁺ , Mo ²⁺ as inorganic K cations, Fe ²⁺ and others.

The coolant according to the invention is also characterized in that K is a monovalent organic cation preferably derived from aliphatic and / or heterocyclic amines and / or alkanolamines.

And / or polyamines and / or their esters and / or an amide with boric, citric, lactic, tartaric, fumaric, maleic, phosphoric acid or mixtures thereof.

The coolant according to the invention is also characterized in that it preferably contains admixtures of treatment liquids or aqueous oil emulsions in the form of aqueous solutions, dispersions and / or emulsions as supplements.

The coolant according to the invention is characterized in that, as supplementary agents, it contains inhibitors of non-ferrous metals, preferably benzotriazoles, benzimidazoles, benzothiazoles, mercaptobenzothiazoles, benzoxazoles, indoles, imidazoles, imidazolines, thiouracil, thiobarbitur acids and their derivatives and / or mixtures, as well as reaction products with aldehydes and amines and / or alpha, beta unsaturated and / or epoxy compounds.

The coolant according to the invention is characterized in that it additionally contains aliphatic and / or aromatic and / or cycloaliphatic and / or heterocyclic mono and / or polycarboxylic acids as supplementary agents.

The coolant according to the invention is characterized in that it preferably contains aliphatic and / or aromatic sulphonic acids and / or sulphamidocarboxylic and / or amidocarboxylic and / or amino carboxylic acids as supplementary agents.

The coolant according to the invention is characterized in that, as supplementary agents, it may additionally contain water-soluble glycols, polyglycols, polymers of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide or homo- or copolymers of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, maleic acid or maleic acid and styrene, and other macromolecular compounds.

The coolant according to the invention is characterized in that it preferably contains as supplementary agents known chelating agents of acids and / or amino carboxylic and / or hydroxycarboxylic and / or polyphosphate and / or phosphonate salts, aminoglucosides, polyaspartates, polyglutamates and others.

The coolant according to the invention is characterized in that, as supplementary agents, it preferably comprises anionic and / or non-ionic and / or cationic and / or ampholytic surfactants, gemini compounds and others.

The coolant according to the invention is characterized in that it contains as supplementary agents lubricating and anti-wear additives containing chlorine and / or phosphorus and / or sulfur and / or nitrogen atoms.

The coolant according to the invention is characterized in that, as supplementary agents, it comprises bactericides, preferably formaldehyde-detaching agents, or fungicides containing halogen and / or nitrogen and / or sulfur atoms.

The coolant according to the invention is characterized in that it contains antifoams, preferably based on silicones and / or acetylenic compounds, as supplementary agents.

The coolant according to the invention is characterized by the fact that as supplementary agents it contains antioxidants, preferably phenols, thiophenols or aromatic amines, volatile corrosion inhibitors, preferably: morpholine and its derivatives, cyclohexylamine and its derivatives, triethylamine, various compounds lowering the freezing point, compounds increasing or lowering the pH, coloring, fragrance and others.

The subject matter of the invention will be explained in more detail in the following examples without limiting its scope.

Example 1 ₃

The standard nursery with a capacity of 3 m ³ equipped with a stirrer disolver introduced 900 liters of process water at 25 ° C and a hardness of 16 ° dH, 600 kg amidoiminobursztynianów of the general Formula 1 wherein A is alkylene with 5 carbon atoms, R1 and R2 is hydroxyalkyl with 2 carbon atoms followed by 75 kg of zinc oxide and 15 kg of basic copper carbonate. After the zinc and copper compounds had been dispersed, 750 kg of crude triethanolamine produced by PCC "Rokita" and 450 kg of boric acid esters and diethanolamine were introduced in portions. After stirring for two hours, a super clear, light blue solution of a coolant for processing iron and steel was obtained.

The coolant for the chip and non-cutting treatment of iron and steel had the following parameters:

pH of a 3% solution in process water 9.3 ₂

Kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C 25 mm / s ²

Density at 20 ° C 1.08 g / cm ³

No foaming

Corrosion resistance of a 3% solution (PN-92 / M-55789) 00/0

PL 214 714 B1

P r z k ł a d 2

As in example 1, 600 kg of process water with a temperature of 20 ° C and a hardness of 20 ° n, 1000 kg of amidoiminosuccinates of the general formula 1, where A is an alkylene containing 5 carbon atoms, R1 and R2 is an alkylene with 2 carbon atoms, were introduced into the queen cell, as in example 1, followed by 500 kg of crude triethanolamine produced by PCC Rokita and 700 kg of boric acid esters and diethanolamine. After mixing and reacting the components, 50 kg of 1-methylene- (dioxyethylene) -amino-4-methyl-azimidobenzene and 50 kg of 2,5-dimercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole were added. The whole was mixed for several dozen minutes until all ingredients were dissolved and homogenized.

The coolant for the processing of iron and non-ferrous metals had the following parameters:

pH of a 3% solution in process water 9.0 ₂

Kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C 29 mm / s ²

Density at 20 ° C 1.10 g / cm ³

No foaming

Corrosion resistance of a 3% solution (PN-92 / M-55789) 00/0

Example 3 ₃

To a tank with a capacity of 7 m ^3, which was poured into 6 m of process water with a hardness of 20 ° dH was added 170 kg coolant of the present invention according to the Example 1. The obtained clear transparent cool coolant for the hot forging of forgings bearing steel. The coolant thus obtained did not emulsify mineral or vegetable oils that were formed during the forging of steel elements.

The coolant had high biostability and provided complexation of divalent metals and good pH buffering capacity. The coolant has been in operation for over 6 months without adding biocides, antifoams or pH correction. Only the concentrations of the coolant, the working solution of which was controlled by a refractometer, were replenished. Foreign oils released on the surface of the coolant were periodically collected. Workers operating the forging press found that the above coolant accelerates the healing of scrapes and cuts on the hands, and in a few cases it eliminates atopic and seborrheic dermatitis. Despite the long service life, it was practically odorless and showed high resistance to microbial decomposition without the need to use toxic biocides. All the time it ensured full protection against corrosion of devices and forged details in water of high hardness.

P r z k ł a d 4

One of the processes of machining the outer rings of rolling bearings is grinding on the so-called

centerless. It consists in the fact that the bearing rings slide along the steel strip, and the cylindrical grinding wheels rotate on both sides of the strip, which grind the outer rings of the rolling bearings. Cutting coolant used in these processes should have adequate lubricity and slip, so as not to create grinding "burns" with too low lubricity. On the other hand, too high lubricity causes the bearings to vibrate and slide on the rack, which makes their quality, especially ovality, macro- and microfiber, inadequate.

1000 dm ³ of process water with a hardness of 22 ° n was poured into the tank with a capacity of 1200 dm ³ and 30 kg of the coolant prepared according to example 1 was added. A super clear, transparent coolant for grinding the outer rings of rolling bearings was obtained. The above coolant was operated for a period of 3 months, without the addition of biocides, pH correctors, water softeners and anti-foam additives. Coolant concentrations were supplemented on the basis of concentration measurements measured with a hand-held refractometer. Throughout the period of operation of the above coolant, ground bearing rings had high quality parameters. During the operation of the coolant, it was found that the grinding wheels are clean all the time, and there are no deposits on the machine and machined rings. An additional advantage of the coolant is its transparency, which allowed the surface condition of the rings to be checked during grinding. As in example 3, workers found accelerated healing of wounds and skin diseases.

P r z k ł a d 5

In a tank with a capacity of 7000 dm ³ was poured into 6000 ^dm3 process water with a hardness of 20 ° bath was added 200 kg of coolant according to the Example 2. The obtained clear, transparent coolant, wherein the treated brass flakes. The processing consisted of pulling, embossing, profiling, and in the last stage - cutting and grinding. After these operations, the brass shells were rinsed in ordinary technological water, and then dried with compressed air. After these treatments

The scales were shiny, without stains and sediments, and had more than three times higher corrosion resistance than the scales treated with the so far used emulsion cutting coolant.

Example 6 ₃

To the mixer with a capacity of 3 m ³ was poured into 1600 kg of coolant according to the Example 2, and then 700 kg of Rokanol NL6 manufacture PCC "Rokita" and 500 kg of 50% aqueous solution of G1000 Rokopol the same manufacturer. After thorough mixing, 8 kg of fungicide under the trade name Kathon WT, 2 kg of the fragrance under the trade name Mint Flavovning Liqid, 2 kg of an antifoam under the trade name Foam Ban HP 732 and 0.10 kg of fluorescent dye were added. The obtained coolant for aluminum treatment was clear with minimal dispersion, stable for several months.

Then a 5% aqueous solution of coolant was prepared having the following parameters: pH of a 5% solution of 8.9

Corrosion resistance (PN-92 / M-55789) 00/0

Lubricity measured by welding load on a four-ball apparatus (PN-76 / C-04147) 2060 N

P r z k ł a d 7

To the reactor - mixer volume of 3 m ³ is poured 1900 ^dm3 process water with a hardness of 20 ° bath was added 170 kg diethanolamide of fatty coconut trade name Rokamid KAD 200 kg okyetylowanego triglyceride of ricinoleic acid with the trade name Rokacet R-40, 70 kg mixtures of polyoxyalkylenealkylamines with the trade name Rokamin SR-8, all produced by PCC "Rokita" and 450 kg of coolant made in accordance with example 2. After mixing the ingredients, 2 kg of fragrance - Siberian pine extract, 3 kg of antifoam with the trade name Silipian WE were added - 2 produced by "Silikony Polskie" and 0.2 kg of fluorescent dye.

After mixing, the obtained coolant for abrasive vibration treatment with kinematic viscosity ₂ at 40 ° C 39 mm / s and pH 9.0 was clear. The solutions obtained from it with concentrations from 0.5 to 3% in process water of any hardness were transparent and did not contain any sediments. They perfectly supported the processing of steel products, stainless steel, acid-resistant steel and non-ferrous metals in loose abrasive shapes, in rotary drums, vibrating and rotary-cascade smoothing machines.

Example 8 ₃

To the mixer with a capacity of 5 m ³ added 2000 kg of demineralized water to which was poured into 1150 kg of molten adduct obtained by reacting a block copolymer of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, trade name Rokopol 30P27 manufacture PCC "Rokita" of diglicydowym ether in a molar ratio of 3: 2 . It was heated to 60 ° C. Then 1400 kg of diethylene glycol, 15 kg of BHT antioxidant, 1.5 kg of the bactericide under the trade name Roksol TL-7 (1,3,5-tri- (2-hydroxyethylene) hexahydro-s-triazine) produced by PCC "Rokita" were added , 0.5 kg of volatile inhibitor in the form of methylmorpholine, 1.5 kg of anti-foam additive under the trade name Foam

Ban HP 732, 0.5 kg of dye and 400 kg of coolant prepared according to example 2. The whole was stirred for 1 hour, then filtered through a filter with mesh size smaller than 5 µm. A coolant with the following parameters was obtained:

pH

Density

Kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C

9.0

1.08 g / cm ³ , 42 mm ² / s, meeting the requirements of the VI and VII Luxembourg Register of 1994 in terms of corrosion resistance, lubricity and flame retardancy. The coolant is used as a hydraulic fluid.

P r z k ł a d 9

The most commonly used material for the construction of cooling and heating systems and devices containing treated water is carbon steel. In these systems, the biggest problem is general and local corrosion. Corrosion products can cause corrosion under the sludge in the installation, inhibit heat transfer and block the flow of water in narrowings or places with a low flow rate.

Local corrosion is much more dangerous than general corrosion, because it quickly leads to perforation of some elements of the installation, which is associated with equipment downtime, their repair and significant costs.

PL 214 714 B1

In order to protect against corrosion of industrial water systems, protection consisting of various corrosion inhibitors and anti-sludge preparations is used.

It has surprisingly turned out that the coolant according to the invention can be diluted in any ratio and provides excellent corrosion protection for iron and steel in closed and open water systems.

The coolant according to the invention, prepared as in example 1, was introduced in a very small amount into distilled water - 120 mg / dm ³ , artificially hardened, with the composition of CaCl2 250 mg / dm ³ , 33

MgSO4 mg / dm ³ , NaHCO3 mg / dm ³ circulating in a laboratory installation within 168 hours and at a temperature of 50 ° C. Corrosion and sediment deposition were investigated using the gravimetric method on ST-3S steel samples.

The corrosion inhibition value was calculated according to the following formula:

H = (M ₁

M ₂ ) 100

M where:

H - corrosion inhibition value,

M1 - material removed in water without inhibitor,

M2 - material removed in water in the presence of an inhibitory additive. The anti-fouling effectiveness of the composition was calculated from the formula:

(M _M) ιοο M where:

T - anti-sediment effectiveness,

M3 - mass of scale released in the water without the inhibitory additive,

M4 - mass of scale released in water in the presence of an inhibitory additive.

The coolant prepared according to example 1, used in a very small amount, i.e. 120 mg per ₃ dm ^{3 of} artificial industrial water, shows high protection against corrosion of carbon steel - above 94% and high anti-sludge efficiency - above 97%, also prevents the development of biological life. The coolant is used as a corrosion inhibitor and anti-fouling agent.

P r z k ł a d 10

The coolant was prepared in the form of a universal quenching bath for quenching low and high-alloy steels in the temperature range from 0 to 80 ° C with the following composition:

Cognis ethylene oxide and propylene oxide copolymer with a molecular weight of approximately 55,000 and the trade name Breox 75 W 55,000 by Cognis 10 parts by weight

A copolymer of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide with the trade name Rokopol 30P160 by PCC "Rokita" 7 parts by weight Coolant according to the invention prepared according to example 1 4.5 parts by weight

Anti-foaming agent with the trade name Silipian WE-2 0.001 parts by weight

Demineralized water supplement up to 100 parts by weight

The obtained coolant in the form of a quenching bath was a light yellow, clear, stable liquid with the following parameters:

₂

Kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C 40 mm / s pH 9.1

Corrosion resistance according to PN-92 / M-55789 00/0

Roller bearing rings made of ŁH15 and 15HGM steel were quenched for several months in the above water quenching bath. The quenched rings had a hardness and lattice qualitatively better than those quenched in a conventional quench oil.

Claims (15)

Patent claims 1. A water-containing metalworking coolant and additives, characterized in that it contains biodegradable, cyclic, carbonyl-containing amidoiminosuccinates of the general formula: where: A is straight or branched alkylene with more than 2 and less than 18 carbon atoms, R1 and R2 are the same and represent a substituted alkyl or hydroxyalkyl or cycloalkyl or alkenyl group of up to 12 carbon atoms, an aryl or alkylaryl group, or together with an atom nitrogen can form 5 or 6 membered rings, optionally containing oxygen and / or sulfur and / or nitrogen heteroatoms, K is an inorganic or organic cation, m is from 0.5 to 5, and n is the valency of the cation. 2. Metalworking coolant according to claim 1 The method of claim 1, characterized in that K is a monovalent cation derived from alkali metal hydroxides, alkali metal carbonates and other compounds, preferably metal oxides and / or basic salts. 3. The metalworking coolant according to claim 1 1 or 2, characterized in that the inorganic K cations are Mg ²⁺ , Ca ²⁺ , Zn ²⁺ , Cu ²⁺ , Sn ²⁺ , Ni ²⁺ , Co ²⁺ , Mn ²⁺ , Mo ²⁺ , Fe ²⁺ and others. 4. The metalworking coolant according to claim 1 A method according to claim 1, characterized in that K is a monovalent organic cation, preferably derived from aliphatic and / or heterocyclic amines and / or alkanolamines and / or polyamines and / or their esters and / or an amide with boric, citric, lactic, tartaric, fumaric acids , maleic, phosphoric or mixtures thereof. 5. The metalworking coolant according to claim 1 A method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that it preferably admixes treatment liquids or aqueous oil emulsions in the form of aqueous solutions, dispersions and / or emulsions as supplements. 6. The metalworking coolant according to claim 1 Non-ferrous metal inhibitors, preferably benzotriazoles, benzimidazoles, benzothiazoles, mercaptobenzothiazoles, benzooxazoles, indoles, imidazoles, imidazolines, thiouracil, thiobarbituric acids and their derivatives and / or mixtures as supplementary agents, as well as reaction products with aldehydes and amines and / or alpha, beta unsaturated and / or epoxy compounds. 7. The metalworking coolant according to claim 1 The process of claim 1, characterized in that it comprises aliphatic and / or aromatic and / or cycloaliphatic and / or heterocyclic mono and / or polycarboxylic acids as supplementary agents. 8. The metalworking coolant according to claim 1 A process as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that it comprises aliphatic and / or aromatic sulphonic acids and / or sulphamidocarboxylic and / or amido carboxylic and / or amino carboxylic acids as supplements. 9. The metalworking coolant according to claim 1 A composition according to claim 1, characterized in that as supplementary agents it comprises water-soluble glycols, polyglycols, polymers of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide or homo- or copolymers of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, maleic acid or maleic acid and styrene, and other macromolecular compounds. 10. The metalworking coolant according to claim 1 The composition of claim 1, characterized in that the supplements are acid chelating agents and / or amino carboxylic and / or hydroxycarboxylic and / or polyphosphate and / or phosphonate salts, aminoglucosides, polyaspartates, polyglutamates and others. 11. The metalworking coolant according to claim 1 A compound according to claim 1, characterized in that as supplementary agents it comprises surfactants, anionic and / or non-ionic and / or cationic and / or ampholytic, gemini-type compounds and others. PL 214 714 B1 12. The metalworking coolant according to claim 1 A method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, as supplements, it comprises lubricating and anti-wear additives containing chlorine and / or phosphorus and / or sulfur and / or nitrogen atoms. 13. The metalworking coolant according to claim 1 A method according to claim 1, characterized in that, as supplements, it comprises bactericides, preferably formaldehyde-detaching agents, or fungicides containing halogen and / or nitrogen and / or sulfur atoms. 14. The metalworking coolant according to claim 14 A method according to claim 1, characterized in that, as supplementary agents, it comprises antifoams, preferably based on silicones and / or acetylenic compounds. 15. The metalworking coolant according to claim 15 A compound according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains antioxidants, preferably phenols, thiophenols, aromatic amines, volatile corrosion inhibitors, preferably morpholine and its derivatives, cyclohexylamine and its derivatives, triethylamine, various compounds lowering the freezing point, compounds increasing or lowering the pH, coloring, fragrances, as supplements. and other.