PL204287B1 - Panels comprising a cable channel - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to panels for the provision of a floor covering. Said panels can be configured in two parts and comprise channel-type cavities, in particular along their longitudinal faces. The channel-type cavities can carry cables or tubing. This permits an electric cable to be laid in the middle of a room, without having to undertake complex installation work.

Description

The subject of the invention is a set of building elements for making a floor covering.

The building elements known from DE 202 05 774 U1 comprise a panel which can be connected positively to the second panel, which fixes them both perpendicular to the common surface and perpendicular to the joint joint, and at the same time parallel to the common surface. The use of glue can be dispensed with if the panels are used according to the invention as a floor covering or as wall covering.

As a rule, cables, cords and / or flexible pipes must be laid in the room. For example, the desk may be in the center of the room. To connect a computer, telephone, table lamp and the like, cables must be laid from the connectors on the walls to the desk. Cables or hoses are generally not laid on the floor as they are a tripping hazard.

This problem was solved by means of floors in which connections for electricity and other utilities are distributed throughout the room and permanently installed or already in the floor with permanently installed cable inlets. As an alternative or in addition, cables distributed over the ceiling are led to the desired location from above.

Permanent installation of the connections in the floor is complicated and it is difficult to make any changes afterwards. If the cables are run over the ceiling, the appearance of the ceiling in particular is deteriorated. Here, too, the circulation is still relatively high. In principle, installation must be carried out by a specialist as a firm fixation to the ceiling is essential.

For other reasons, it may also be necessary to make changes to the floor that has already been laid, for example to its covering.

In principle, the material of the floor elements of the type described above can be made. However, the invention relates in particular to panels which are made entirely or predominantly of a wood material. The panel may be entirely made of wood and include a support board, for example made of HDF. One or more parquet tiles are placed above the support plate. A layer or paper can be placed under the carrier plate to counteract the presence of counter-draft, thus avoiding distortion.

Moreover, panels are known to be joined together without adhesives, which are entirely or predominantly made of plastic, for example from US 04426820.

The invention further relates in particular to laminate flooring elements. It comprises panels with a wooden material support plate. Until now, HDF or MDF in particular has been used in particular as the wood material.

Another common wood material consists of glued shavings. A decorative layer containing decorative paper and a protective layer is placed above the support plate. The protective layer consists in particular of a resin containing, inter alia, abrasion-resistant particles such as corundum or SiC. A draft paper is placed under the support plate to avoid the aforementioned deformations.

Technical laminates are also used as a support board in panels. They are paper layers saturated with resin, pressed together. Technical laminates are disclosed in WO 96/27719 A1 and WO 96/27721 A1.

The resin-impregnated papers are fed to the press together with the support plate in the manufacture of the laminate panels. Under the influence of temperature and pressure, the papers stick to the base plate. The decorative paper already has a layer of abrasion-resistant particles.

It is known from EP 1 024 234 B1 that shrinkage and expansion phenomena occur in the panels. As a rule, they cause undesirable opening of joints between the panels. Moisture and dust may adversely penetrate into open joints.

From DE 202 05 774 U1 it is known to insert string or rod-shaped elements between panels. The cord or rod elements are made entirely or partially of compressible materials. The cord or bar elements are able to compensate for shrinkage and expansion phenomena, which prevents the formation of gaps in the joints.

The phenomena of shrinkage and expansion are a problem especially in the case of coverings with a large area of 30 square meters and more. Even large surfaces can be covered by the arrangement of the above-mentioned string or rod-shaped elements of compressible material between the panels.

PL 204 287 B1

The object of the invention is to provide a set of building elements for making a floor covering, which can be manipulated more flexibly, for example allowing a flexible power supply by means of cable leads or flexible wires.

This task is solved by a set of building elements for the floor covering, comprising panels made of wood material which have tongue-and-groove connecting elements, so that when two panels are joined, the panels are positively connected to each other both perpendicular to the common area. surface as well as parallel to the common surface as well as at the same time perpendicular to the joint, characterized in that the set of elements includes further panels consisting of a body with openings for cable or flexible conduits and a cover, the cover being connected to the body to close the recess, the body having connecting elements by means of which, in the jointed state, it is positively connected with the panels made of wood material in the joint state, both perpendicular to the common surface and parallel to the common surface and simultaneously perpendicular to the joint joint, the joint being selected extends from one face of the body to the opposite face of the body for cables or flexible conduits.

Preferably, the cover has snap-fit elements on its underside with which it is positively secured to the body.

Preferably, further, the set of building elements comprises at least two bodies with openings for the passage of cables or flexible conduits, where in the connection of the two bodies they are connected to each other by a tongue-and-groove connection and the recesses form a common channel or a common groove.

In this connection, the cover preferably forms a common flat surface with the body, the surface formed being provided with protrusions.

Preferably also, the recess is accessible on one side and access to the recess at the surface is limited by protruding rounded protrusions.

Preferably still, the recess is accessible from the outside and flares outwards.

According to the invention, the recess is accessible from the outside and has an undercut which is separated from the further recess by a projecting elevation on which the cover rests in a closed recess.

According to another feature of the invention, the body is in the form of a heating or cooling element or comprises heating or cooling elements.

According to a further feature of the invention, the body and / or the cover are made of metal, in particular aluminum.

According to a further feature of the invention, the thickness of the panels made of the wood material is equal to the thickness of the body.

According to yet another feature of the invention, the recess for routing cables or flexible conduits is divided by a partition into at least two areas.

According to a further feature of the invention, the set of building elements comprises a cord or rod-shaped element which, in the stacked state, is positioned between the panels and / or the body in the associated recess.

According to the invention, the cord or rod-shaped element is wider than the width of the associated recess.

According to the invention further, the string or rod-shaped element is made of a compressible material, in particular Teflon, silicone or rubber.

Preferably, at least one panel comprises a carrier board made of HDF or MDF.

Preferably, the cord or rod-shaped element is also hook-shaped on the side.

According to a still further feature of the invention, a cord or rod-shaped element comprises a thread which is connected to a compressible material, in particular wrapped with a compressible material.

According to the invention, the cord or rod-shaped element has an approximately cross-section, preferably longitudinal.

Preferably, the cord or rod-shaped element has an approximately cross-section, tapering to one side and preferably oblong.

Preferably, the cord or rod-shaped element also has a thread, the thread being made of a non-stretchable material, in particular a material based on glass fibers.

Preferably, moreover, the upper region of the cord or rod-shaped element is made of a relatively soft material and the lower region of a relatively hard material.

PL 204 287 B1

Finally, preferably, the string or rod-shaped element has two legs at the bottom, separated by a groove.

By developing a set of building elements for covering, in particular of floors, which elements include panels and / or rod-shaped or string-like elements or hollow bodies, a power supply can be incorporated into these elements by means of cables or flexible conduits. Since the panels can be laid at any time on a screed or the like and can also be easily removed again, flexible arrangement is possible, for example, along the hollow bodies. Rod or string elements may serve directly as current conductors or may be in the form of flexible conductors. Supplying energy inside the room is then easy. There is no need for complicated ceiling construction or prior planning in case of permanent installation.

In the connected state of the building elements, in one embodiment, voids are provided for the passage of cables or flexible conduits. In this way, each room is prepared for the subsequent laying of cables or flexible wires inside the covering.

In one embodiment, the building elements comprise panels formed of a body, in particular for the passage of cables or flexible conduits, and a sheathing. The cover can be connected, in particular positively, to the body. A cable or a flexible cable can then be laid under the cover. Laying is extremely easy as all you need to do is lay down and then attach the cover.

The cover may be fixed, inter alia, by gluing. Preferably, however, the cover is positively fitted. On the one hand, this type of fastening is extremely simple to implement. On the other hand, the cover can in principle be removed again. So, for example, you can easily install another cable later or replace an existing one.

The structure of the panel, which includes a body and a cover, can be used independently of the cable routing as follows. Built into the cover are wipers, lighting elements, heating or cooling elements and / or easily replaceable advertising boards. Doormats, lighting elements, heating or cooling elements and / or easily replaceable billboards can be easily mounted from above, dismantled and / or maintained. Advertising carriers placed on the floor can be enhanced with lighting effects. If worn, the wiper can be easily replaced or cleaned. Cable routing in the cases mentioned in this paragraph is advantageous but not necessary. There is therefore not necessarily a clear space under the cover in order to create an advantageously flexible cover and thus solve the object of the invention.

The building elements include bodies for carrying cables or flexible conduits that can be connected to further panels. When viewed from the common surface and / or common underside, the body comprises preferably elongated one or more recesses for carrying cables or flexible conduits. The cable channel can be made in the cover just in case. Moreover, the covering for economic reasons consists of conventional panels as are known from the state of the art.

The connection between the panels and / or between the panels and the body takes place in particular with the classic tongue and groove joints. The tongue-and-groove joint can be glued. The tongue-and-groove joints preferably comprise other locking elements as are known, for example, from EP 1 024 234 B1. Joining can then take place without glue. In principle, it is possible to detach the panels later. The already laid cable duct can then be changed later by removing the cover and re-laying it. The cable duct can be easily installed later at the desired location.

If the body is provided with a cover, it closes the recess in the body. The recess is used to route cables or flexible hoses. The body with the cover is a panel in the sense of the invention.

The cover for closing a recess for cables or flexible conduits has snap-fit elements on its underside by means of which the cover can be fitted positively to at least one building element, in particular to the above-mentioned body. In one embodiment of the invention that is simple to implement, the latch means consist of walls that run substantially vertically downwards. In particular, at the end of each wall there is at least one protruding locking element. The walls are flexible enough. The locking element passes by snapping into the projection of the associated building element in such a way that this causes a positive locking.

PL 204 287 B1

In order to achieve a particularly stable attachment of the cover, the respective locking element comprises a suitable projection, so that the cover cannot be detached from the building element by simple pulling. In order to be able to remove the cover nevertheless, it is then necessary to first remove the cover with the associated component from the cover and, for example, push the walls back through the openings, for example with a screwdriver. Depending on the embodiment, the cover can be removed by sliding it parallel to the component. This variant is advantageous when the cable duct has to be protected against unauthorized access, for example in public premises or to protect it from children. Alternatively, the cable duct in public spaces is attached to the building element in such a way that it can only be opened with a tool.

In an easily operable embodiment, the above-mentioned locking elements do not engage or overlap one or more projections, such that it is no longer possible to remove the cover from the covering. This variant is advantageous in terms of ease of use and no special protection against unauthorized access is required.

There are several bodies with openings for leading cables or flexible conduits, the bodies being connectable to each other, in particular by a tongue and groove connection, so that the recesses form a common channel or a common groove for routing cables or flexible conduits. In this way, a channel of any length can be created for carrying cables or flexible conduits.

In the assembled condition of the building elements, in particular the conductive cables are provided in the recesses formed. There is at least one construction element, in particular in the form of a cover, which is provided with plugs, socket outlets and / or at least one opening on its upper surface. The cables are or are then suitably connected to the plugs or sockets, whereby a conventional power connection is created. The openings in the sheath serve to lead flexible wires or cables at the desired location of the sheathing into and out of a cable duct, for example formed by bodies and sheaths.

If the cover is fitted onto the body, it forms a common flat surface with the body. In this way a smooth finish is obtained so that no protrusions can be tripped. The surface thus formed may, however, be provided with protruding protrusions, which, for example, are intended to prevent slippage on the surface. The cable duct is then preferably arranged along the stair. Thus it fulfills a double function. On the one hand, a person is well protected against slipping when climbing a step. The protrusions also indicate places of special danger. The conduit, on the other hand, is used to guide cables or flexible wires.

A recess for the routing of cables or flexible conduits in a panel or in the body, in particular, extends from one face of the body to the opposite face of the body, so that several recesses can be joined together in one continuous conduit. .

A recess in the housing for cable or flexible conduit routing is accessible on one side, especially from the side of the covering surface. In this way, with the covering laid, the cable can be conveniently inserted into the recess. Access to the recess at the surface is then preferably limited by protruding rounded protrusions. Due to the rounding on a given surface, it expands a little further outwards. This facilitates the attachment of the cover and the associated closing of the recess. It also eliminates damage to the edges. If the cover also comprises ridges, then preferably the transition between the body and the cover is no longer practically noticeable.

For form-fit connection, the body, which has a recess for the passage of cables or flexible conduits, is internally provided with protruding protrusions or projections which cooperate with the latching elements of the cover, that the cover can consequently be snapped onto the body.

The body, having a recess for the passage of cables or flexible conduits and a cover for closing the recess, comprises protruding elevations on which, in the closed state of the recess, a cover for closing it rests. The cover therefore rests on relatively small surfaces. On the one hand, the small support surfaces can be made relatively precisely and thus ensure a smooth covering surface. In the case of small support surfaces, the risk of contamination, for example with dust particles, is relatively low. Moreover, the hills

They can simultaneously divide the opening into several areas, so that, if necessary, the cables can be arranged by separating them spatially.

If the recess is not closed with a cover, the recess is accessible from the outside with the covering in position and flares outwards at the edge, which makes it easier to put on the cover. Alternatively, the cover may be tapered downward to be easily put on.

A recess for cable or flexible conduit routing may be accessible from the outside and provided with an undercut. The undercut is a particularly well protected area. Extremely sensitive cables can be placed here to protect them effectively against damage, for example during assembly.

When using a body having a recess for the passage of cables or flexible conduits in which recess is provided an undercut, the recess is spatially separated, in particular by a protruding elevation, from a further recess or a further area within the recess. The cables laid within the undercut are then extremely well protected.

The elevation can also serve as a support surface for the shield.

In one embodiment, the body may be in the form of a heating or cooling element or include heating or cooling elements. It thus serves to equalize the temperature in the room. Underfloor heating systems have the disadvantage that they react with a certain inertia. Moreover, the controls are difficult. As the body is directly a heating or cooling element, or comprises heating elements, a much more direct contact with the room is created compared to conventional underfloor heating systems. This significantly reduces the known problems with underfloor heating.

The body and / or the cover are made of metal, especially aluminum. Metal enables the stable fabrication of filigree structures and is therefore recommended.

When using a body having a recess for the passage of cables or flexible conduits, and panels made of wood material, the thickness of the panels is equal to the thickness of the body. The body can therefore be built into the cover without creating a visible connection. This avoids undesirable protrusions on the surface of the covering.

If the body has a recess for routing cables or flexible conduits, then this is divided by a partition into at least two areas. Several cables or hoses can then be laid spatially separated, which is often desirable for reasons of clarity and / or security.

If a body with a recess for the passage of cables or flexible conduits is provided, and panels made of wood material, for example, the body is connected to the panels by means of connecting elements. These elements are identical to those connecting elements which are provided for joining two conventional panels. The body can then be easily mounted in any place of the covering.

The connecting elements mentioned in the previous paragraph allow for the form-fit connection of the two building elements (panels and / or bodies), both perpendicular to the common surface, as well as parallel to the common surface and simultaneously perpendicular to the joint joint. Laying is then extremely simple and can even be carried out by a layman.

According to the invention, in one embodiment, there is a recess between two glueless interlocking panels, in which a cord or rod-shaped element, in particular made of a compressible material, is arranged in the finally folded state. The panel can also be a body with a cover. Teflon, for example, can be used as the bendable material. However, a material which exhibits good elastic properties is preferred. The rope or rod element is therefore made of rubber. Compared to rubber, however, silicone is more preferred because it has a greater restoring force. The higher restoring force of silicone compared to rubber has proved to be beneficial.

The provision of a gap or cut between the two panels makes it easier to slide one panel along the joint joint, even when there should be no play between the panels. The presence of play, however, is desirable to ensure easier sliding. A play of just a few 1/100 millimeters is sufficient for this.

The above-mentioned gap or recess occurs especially in that surface of the two panels which is the visible part of the floor or wall covering. The rope or bar element is then visible from the surface side. In the immobilized state, the cord or rod element has yes

It is dimensioned so that it completely fills the width of the slit. The rope or bar element is slightly wider. In the compressed state it is then inside the gap.

The provision of a slot or recess in which (in which) a cord or rod-shaped element is located reduces the friction, especially compared to such panels in which the locking elements are integrated into the panels and made of a wood material. According to the invention, it is therefore possible to propose locking elements integrated with the panels, which are made of a wood material and which are nevertheless relatively easy to slide along the joint joint, even when two panels are interlocked with each other. If a slot with a cord or rod-shaped element is on the visible surface, then new design possibilities are also opened up. In the area of the weld, for example, a black material based on rubber or silicone is visible. The remaining surface of the panel may be in significant contrast to the joint area. In this way, new optical effects are achieved which are not known in particular with regard to laminate panels. If a more discreet external appearance is desired, then the string or rod-shaped element, if visible, is color-matched to the visible surface. Admittedly, there are also decors that provide colored fringes or colored edges on the surface of each panel. In contrast, the customer can freely choose the color of the edging and change it later. As a result, it is possible to change the optical appearance of the already installed panels at a relatively low cost, without having to remove the floor covering. The recess, formed on the surface by two adjacent panels, therefore offers, in addition to the technical advantage of being slid less, the possibility of easily changing the external appearance.

The cord or rod element can then be pressed or inserted into the slot or recess on the surface side. It may, however, already be connected to the panel, especially when the cord or rod-shaped element is made of a compressible material. Subsequent insertion of a separate cord or rod-shaped element into the slot, however, has the advantage that the panels can be moved very easily until the cord or rod-shaped element has been inserted.

If there is play between the protruding locking element and the corresponding recess, vertical or undercut contact surfaces may be used. The string or rod-shaped element then undergoes a certain compression when it is connected, if it has been supplied with a panel connected to it at the factory. Despite the vertical contact surfaces, the joining is successful, for example, by rotation around the joint joint.

It is even possible to envisage undercuts in the protruding locking element and the recess. If the panels joined together open up parallel to the floor surface, then with an appropriately positioned locking element and an appropriately positioned recess, the above-mentioned contact surfaces engage each other. It is not possible to disengage the locking or connecting elements by sliding in the plane perpendicular to the weld, without destroying them at the same time. The undesirable separation mentioned in the prior art by inadvertent force is avoided even when the examples of the projecting groove wall are elastically provided with a locking element. If therefore, despite the flexible edge, it is necessary to ensure extremely effective fixation in a direction parallel to the floor surface and perpendicular to the joint joint, then contact surfaces which are undercut or at least perpendicular to the surface should be recommended.

If the contact surfaces are initially oblique, as is known from EP 0 843 763 B1, it is advantageous to make the projecting bottom wall or edge of the groove rigidly in order to achieve a reliable fixation parallel and perpendicular to the joint joint. If an extremely effective connection between the installed panels is desired, then the protruding edge is stiff also with vertical contact surfaces, so that it is not possible to separate by sliding in a plane perpendicular to the joint. The other connecting elements are then, if necessary, also rigid. An example of such an embodiment is a tongue which, together with the groove, fixes perpendicular to the joint surface of the panels.

If the panels are first interlocked with each other, there is play, and only then a string or rod-shaped element is introduced into the existing gap or recess, then the sliding along the joint can be carried out almost without force. The possibility of sliding the panels already joined together along a joint joint is desirable especially when the two longer sides of the two panels are already joined and the shorter sides still need to be joined. Such a method is known from EP 0855482 B1. Especially when linking requires the ability to move as a rule

The preferred embodiment of the panels along the joint seam, despite their previous tacking, is the embodiment in which the cord or rod-shaped element is pressed or inserted into the slot from above.

Typically, the cord or rod element has a diameter or width of at least 0.5 mm, preferably at least 1 mm, particularly preferably at least 2 mm. As a rule, the width does not exceed 10 mm, unless it is desirable for aesthetic reasons. The width is less than 5 mm, particularly preferably less than 3 mm. In principle, however, it is also possible to use smaller or larger widths or diameters, for example for aesthetic reasons.

The gap in which the cord or rod-shaped element is located is generally slightly narrower than the cord-shaped or rod-shaped element, especially when it is necessary to compensate for play or to prevent dust and moisture from entering the joint. The rope or rod element is then slightly pressed into the gap and is thus held therein.

However, the gap may be the same width. It is only necessary to avoid a greater width of the slot than the width or diameter of the string or rod-shaped element, since otherwise an undesirable gap would remain on the surface and the string or rod-shaped element would be easily removable from it if inserted from the surface side. It is advantageous to press in the string or rod-shaped element, since a gap-free state is then achieved and the string or rod-shaped element is held in place.

In one embodiment of the invention, the string or rod-shaped element in the fixed state is between two surfaces. For example, these may be surfaces, hereinafter referred to as contact surfaces. The cord is then made in particular of an elastic material such as rubber or silicone. Before two panels are interlocked, a string or a rod-shaped element should be applied to one of the aforementioned interlocking surfaces. The cord or rod element will then, in particular, partially fall into a recess in which it is further or even fully pressed when the panels are interlocked with each other. For example, one panel is wedged in the other by a pivoting or lowering movement, as is known, for example, from DE 20008708 U1. The cord or rod-shaped element is thereby pressed into a recess. Due to the play, one panel can now be moved further towards the other panel. This causes the recess to be released again. The rope or bar element expands and thus gets between the two (contact) surfaces which cause the fixation.

If, for example, a protruding wall is provided which ends at a right angle into the locking element, then said recess is provided immediately before the transition to the locking element. A string or rod-shaped element is inserted into this recess, or it can be placed in the recess at the factory, for example vulcanized.

In the previous embodiment, even if a slit or a recess remains on the surface even in the expanded state of the cord or rod-shaped element. A second string or rod-shaped element is then placed in this slot. Alternatively, on the surface, at the edge of the panel joint, a cord or rod-shaped element of compressible material can be placed. This can be advantageous in order to achieve the above-mentioned design effects or to compensate for stresses which are practically unavoidable, especially in the case of a wood material.

If the first and the second string or rod-shaped elements are provided in the joint between two panels, the panels can be parted slightly on the surface with a suitable tool. This creates a place where a string or rod-shaped element can be placed without problems. When the string or rod-shaped element is inserted deep enough, the tool is removed. The cord or rod-shaped element that is located between the two interlocking contact surfaces then expands in such a way that no gap remains on the surface.

If a cord or rod-shaped element is placed inside the joint between two contact surfaces which cause the immobilization, then this is made possible by an embodiment in which the two panels are joined in such a way that the joining elements of one panel are introduced first by perpendicular displacement with respect to the subsequent common surface two panels, with connecting elements of the second panel. The cord or rod-shaped element can be pressed into a suitable recess, for example. The panels are then pushed together. With an appropriate configuration, this approach may result in the tongue engaging the groove and locking perpendicularly to the common surface. Said rope or rod-shaped element finally expands and extends between the two interlocking contact surfaces.

The cord or bar element may have a circular or triangular cross section. However, if it is introduced from the surface, then if the string or bar-shaped element has two opposite ones

Hook shape on the sides. When the string or rod-shaped element is suitably pressed into the slot from above, the hooks function as stop hooks. When the string or bar member is pressed into the surface, the visible surface of the string or bar member can be flat to provide a flat finish with the remainder of the panels.

On the side opposite to the surface of the string or rod-shaped element visible from the surface of the panels, for example, a vaulted recess may be provided so that the obliquely protruding hooks can be pressed better into the slot.

In an embodiment with hooks and a curved lower recess, it is advantageous to implement a press fit.

The cord or rod element comprises a thread which is practically non-elongated. The thread is then wrapped with a substantially compressible material. As a result, the string or rod-shaped element made of a compressible material is not disadvantageously elongated as a result of being pressed into the gap or recess. If the string or rod-shaped element first elongates, it would tighten again in the collapsed state. In such a case, disadvantageously areas of recesses or slots which would not be filled with a string or rod-shaped element would form.

To make laying extremely easy, at least two opposite sides of a panel are provided with locking means that allow joining in that one panel lowers first relative to the other. One panel is thus arranged parallel to the other. Especially the shorter sides are provided with such locking means in case the panel surface is rectangular. The longer sides are then shaped such that the connection as a rule requires a rotation around the weld. When one panel is connected with its long side to the long side of the other panel, the short side can simultaneously engage the corresponding locking or connecting element of the panel already laid. It is also about the shorter side of the previously installed panel. Then, depending on the embodiment, it may be necessary for the panels, which are connected to each other by their shorter sides, to still be pushed slightly together. Typically, this latter displacement may be limited to a few 1/10 millimeters. Thus, the displacement into the final position is very low compared to the prior art described at the beginning. Accordingly, the time required for laying can be shortened. It should also be borne in mind that the sliding arrangement of the panels is extremely disadvantageous, inter alia, in the case where the panel is initially close to the wall. It is then difficult to place a tool between the panel and the wall in order to perform the travel with it. The displacement can also be particularly disadvantageous when there is a small projection in the room, for example due to the presence of a frame with which the panel should contact as tightly as possible. It is then particularly advantageous to be able to connect the panels to each other by lowering them. The shorter sides can, for example, be designed analogously to that described in DE 20008708 U1, to the extent that the connecting elements known therefrom relate to drop-down joining.

The cord or bar member may have a substantially rectangular or square cross section to achieve a flat finish with the remainder of the surface.

A cord-like or rod-shaped element in the sense of the invention exhibits the desired flexibility or bendability if its width or diameter can be reduced by compressing the element. Solid metal or wood is not compressible.

The dimensions of the panels allow the panels to be easily manipulated. In particular, when the dimensions are less than 100 cm, even the trunk of a passenger car can be used for transport without any problems.

If two string or rod-shaped elements are used, then the resulting restoring force is such that no gap remains on the surface. Therefore, it is advantageous if the string or rod-shaped element which borders the visible surface of the panels can exert relatively low restoring forces. The panels would then spread too far. The restoring forces can be set appropriately by selecting the materials of which the string or bar elements are made. Correspondingly, the cross-sections can be selected additionally or alternatively. The adjacent rod or rod-shaped element thus has a larger cross-sectional area than the other rod or rod-shaped element.

In another embodiment, the string or rod-shaped element locks two panels in the given directions, i.e., for example, perpendicular to the common surface of the panels. In particular, the two panels are tacked to each other parallel and at the same time perpendicular to the joint joint as the bar or string element is inserted into the respective recess.

PL 204 287 B1

An embodiment in which the insertion of a bar-shaped or cord-like element locks two panels allows the presence of vertical or undercut contact surfaces in turn. A connection is then created, which remains intact even in the event of unforeseen force. In order to obtain vertical contact surfaces which fix two panels, for example parallel to the surface and at the same time perpendicular to the joint joint, a cord or bar member is most simply rectangular in cross section. The connecting elements of the two panels to be joined comprise cutouts also having a rectangular cross section. When the two panels are joined, for example by sliding in one plane, a final position is finally reached where the two recesses with rectangular cross-sections border each other. They then form a channel with a rectangular cross-section. A string or rod-shaped element is then inserted into this channel. If the string or rod-shaped member is wide enough and tall enough, then the two panels are interlocked with no play. The contact surfaces, which fix the panels in shape, run vertically.

In the prior art, in which the joining is based on a tongue-and-groove joint, a flexible edge or wall is provided in addition to the other locking elements, and the form fit is achieved by sliding in one plane, damage may occur especially if the material is relatively rigid. This is the case in particular when the connecting elements are made of a wood material, for example HDF or MDF. These easily occurring failures of the connecting elements can be avoided in the above embodiment. The joint can be mechanically very stable as vertical or undercut contact surfaces can be created. Even with obliquely running contact surfaces, as are known from EP 00843763 B1, a more stable mechanical connection can be achieved, since no flexible wall is needed and the locking element can protrude quite far.

If a protruding wall is provided, as is known from EP 00843763 B1, it can be relatively short, since it is not folded downwards when joined. Material is saved, which in turn brings economic benefits.

In the prior art, known from DE 29823749 U1, two walls of equal length have been proposed. One of the recesses for locking is inside the groove. A corresponding protruding locking element is in the correct position on the tongue of the second panel. Due to space constraints and technological reasons, the locking element protrudes only slightly and is oblique in shape. The recess is suitably shaped inside the groove and has suitably dimensioned dimensions. The resulting form-fit connection parallel to the floor surface and at the same time perpendicular to the joint is mechanically relatively unstable. In this embodiment, instability is prevented, for example, by vertical or comparatively steep contact surfaces, if an embodiment is used with groove walls of equal length acting as a connecting element.

In an embodiment in which the insertion of a bar or string element causes the interlocking of two panels to reach undercut contact surfaces, the bar or string element has, for example, a constriction in cross-section. The recesses in the connection elements into which the bar or cord element is inserted for locking have a corresponding cross-section for this purpose.

In order that the rod or cord element can be inserted into the recesses in the connecting members, thus interlocking two panels, the rod or cord element has a smooth surface to keep the sliding friction forces occurring during insertion low. The bar or string element is then made of an incompressible or slightly compressible material in order to avoid a gap in the surface of the panels, even when no additional bar or string element is intended to be placed thereon. It may therefore be advantageous to use Teflon as a material for the rod or cord element or its surface. HDF, MDF also have a relatively smooth surface, so they can also be used. Also, a rod made of metal or having a metallic surface is smooth on the outside and can therefore be used.

In order for a bar or string element to be inserted and then slid into the recesses of the connecting elements, it tapers at at least one end.

An embodiment is preferred in which the insertion of a bar-like or cord-like element to fix two panels is provided on the short sides of the panels having a rectangular surface. The panels are then joined together on the longer sides in particular by a rotary movement. If necessary, the shorter sides of the already laid panels are then pushed together. On

The end slides a bar or rope element on the corresponding short side. Shorter sides, between which a bar or string element is inserted for locking, are advantageous in that the section is relatively short here. The slide-in, string or rod-shaped element is also suitably short, intended for the proper interlocking of two panels.

An embodiment in which the insertion of a bar-shaped or cord-like element fixes two panels can be combined in combination with prior art connecting elements to form a glueless connection. A panel having, for example, a rectangular surface is particularly advantageous, which is shaped on the long side so that it can be joined glueless to the other panel by means of rotation, so that there is no play between the panels. Such an embodiment is known from WO 01/48332. In particular, this embodiment comprises a rigid, projecting bottom edge or wall to obtain a mechanically stable connection. On the other side of the panel, therefore in particular on the short side, an embodiment is then provided in which the insertion of a rod-shaped or cord-like element fixes two panels. First, the first and second panels are joined together by a rotating movement.

The second panel then slides along the joint seam to the adjacent panel previously joined to the first. Finally, the second and third panels are finally connected to each other by inserting a bar or string element into a channel formed by recesses in the respective connecting elements.

According to the invention, it can be a parquet or laminate panel or the like. It can be square or oblong. It can be made of wood, wood material such as MDF or HDF, stone, plastic, clay, ceramics, metal and more. The invention therefore makes it possible to lay a floating floor, even if made of stone.

The method of arranging the covering elements or panels comprises the following steps.

The first panel is now laid. It has lower protruding sides on the side. There is a groove-shaped recess in the projecting wall. Either into this recess or into a recess inside the recess, a cord (or rod) is inserted which can be elastically deformed in a radial direction. A rope or rod is a chord of a material with poor elastic properties, wrapped with an elastic material, for example rubber. Thanks to the chord, the string (rod) does not change its length. The second panel is applied with its long side, for example obliquely, to the first panel and, by tilting it, connects to the already laid panel in a common plane so that they are positively connected to each other parallel to the common surface and perpendicular to the common joint. Depending on the embodiment, the joining can also take place by lowering one panel relative to the other.

The second panel is applied diagonally to the long side of the already laid panel and connected to it as described above by tilting or lowering.

The other sides, generally the shorter sides of the panels, are shaped such that the locking elements overlap when one panel is lowered relative to the other. With appropriate positioning of the two panels in the lowered state, a fixation takes place which locks the panels together parallel to the common surface and perpendicular to the joint. The two panels are then pushed together. The tongue of one panel engages in the groove of the other panel. The two panels are therefore connected to each other also perpendicular to the plane of the floor. If necessary, the two last panels are moved towards the already laid panel, creating a classic tongue and groove joint. Thanks to the classic tongue-and-groove joint, both panels are shaped to each other in a direction perpendicular to the common surface.

The projecting edge on the short side also has a groove as previously described. When the two panels are pushed together, a rod or cord element, for example in the form of a rubber circular section element, is inserted into the channel formed by the said groove and the last of said panels. In particular, the dimensions are selected such that a play remains between the circular section rubber element and the said channel. The insertion of the bar or cord element is then extremely easy.

A tool is used which may be substantially rectangular in shape. A channel runs through the rectangular body. The channel starts especially at the end face, as it is usually not obstructed when the tool is used. The channel ends at the bottom near the second face of the rectangular body. The channel has a rectangular cross section. The cross-section is long. The long sides run from bottom to top. The tool is used as an aid in laying the panels.

PL 204 287 B1

A pen protrudes from the bottom surface of the tool. The feather is positioned below the channel. The stylus tapers downwards (viewed from the tool side) and / or towards the front. The term "rear" or "rearward" means a direction towards the leading surface adjacent to the duct area, ending at the bottom.

In one embodiment, the tongue comprises a first frontal area that is narrower than the distal rear area. The narrower area may be approximately twice as long as the thicker area. The front end of the tongue may be tapered further compared to the narrow area in order to simplify the manipulations described below, namely placing the tongue of the laying aid in the joint gap formed by two panels juxtaposed as described above. The backward taper means that the laying aid can then be easily removed from the joint again.

The width of the tongue is selected from the outside, in particular from the rear or the front, so that it can be inserted into a slot which at least remains on the surfaces of two panels juxtaposed together. If, for example, the tongue tapers sufficiently backwards, the tongue can be placed in said slot from above by lowering it. If the tongue tapers suitably anteriorly, then the taper is introduced into the slot, thereby placing the tongue between the panels. The wider area of the tongue is dimensioned to allow both panels to open when the tongue is inserted between the panels. Spreading compresses the cord or bar-shaped element that was first inserted into the groove.

A string or rod-shaped element made of silicone having an approximately rectangular cross section is inserted into the channel of the laying aid from the front side. The dimensions are chosen so that the width of the cord element is adjusted to the width of the channel. Moreover, the height of the cord element is adapted to the height of the channel. A small play remains between the cord element and the channel.

Due to the presence of play, the string element can be easily moved by the stacking aid from which it comes out again at the bottom behind the tongue. The dimensions of the rectangular sections are moreover chosen such that the cord element does not twist inside the duct.

As the string element is pushed through the tool, the tongue is inserted with its tapered area between the first and second panels into the gap therebetween. It is then, for example, at the beginning of the joint in which the string element is to be placed.

In one embodiment of the invention, the tool is provided with rollers so that the tool can easily be moved along the weld. Otherwise, the tool would slide over the panels. There is a risk of damaging the surface of the panels.

If the laying aid is moved or shifted along the joint between the panels and the tongue is in the joint gap, the panels are first parted through the wider joint area. In this case, the first rod-shaped or cord-like element inserted into the groove is compressed, which, for example, has a circular cross-section and is made of rubber (rubber element with a round cross-section). The wider region of the tongue is dimensioned such that a second string member protruding on the underside of the stacking aid easily engages the weld. Therefore, a small play remains between the cord and the split panels to facilitate insertion of the cord into the joint. The cord element therefore enters the weld as a rule from above.

If the tool travels further along the joint, the joint closes slightly behind the laying aid due to the pressure caused by the first compressed cord or bar member. When the gap has closed somewhat, the corded element is fixed in a shape and / or friction manner between two panels due to appropriately selected dimensions and / or shape.

In an embodiment, the tool has a roller at its rear end that rolls over the seam. This provides a smooth transition on the surface between the panels and the cord element.

In another embodiment, the styling aid tool is moved until it reaches the first transverse weld. The eccentric element slides sideways parallel to the transverse seam between the second panel and the third panel. For this purpose, a slot or a channel recess is provided, into which an eccentric elongated element can be inserted. The eccentric element is then inserted such that the shorter side of the eccentric element (eccentric element) borders on both panels. The dimensions are selected so that the element can be inserted without any problem. In an embodiment, a play may remain between the eccentric element and the two panels for this purpose.

PL 204 287 B1

When the eccentric element has been inserted between the two panels, the eccentric element is rotated by approximately 90 [deg.] By the movement of the lever. As a result, the joint gap which is provided on the surface on the short sides between the second and third panels is widened. In this process, the string element which has previously been inserted into the transverse weld is compressed.

The eccentric member may be bent at one end such that the bent end can be inserted into a side groove of one of the two panels. In this way, the 90 ° position is kept stably. If this is not the case, it must be ensured in another way that the eccentric element is kept in the rotated position. For example, the eccentric element can be held by hand.

Another rope-like element, the cross-section of which is approximately rectangular, is pressed from above into a groove that is provided on the transverse sides between the second and third panels. The transverse sides are in particular the shorter sides if the panels are rectangular. The eccentric is then turned back to its original position. The groove on the shorter sides is slightly closed, and the previously compressed cord or rod-shaped rubber element with a circular cross-section expands. The bar or cord element, with a rectangular cross section, is now in a fixed state between the second and third panels. Immobilization can be achieved by a positive fit and / or frictional engagement.

The eccentric extends from the channel. The laying aid continues to the next cross joint. In this way, the joints are provided with string elements that are visible from above until the panels are completely surrounded by string or bar elements.

It has turned out that with the aid of the invention it is possible to lay panels over large areas without the need for expansion joints in the floor covering.

In one embodiment, the stacking aid tool has a recess on the side. The laying aid tool moves during laying so that the recess coincides with the seam abutting the transverse side, in particular the short side. The recess serves to enable the cord or rod element to be inserted without problems from the transverse side so that it rests completely on the cord or rod element placed in the joint by means of the laying aid.

In another embodiment of the invention, the tongue of the downstream filing aid is shaped such that it tapers downwards along its entire length, so that the tongue can be seated from above in the joint. This is particularly advantageous when the walls restrict side access to the joint.

In a further embodiment of the invention, there is a narrowing or stepwise thinning downwards in the groove which borders the surface of both panels. The laying aid (shuttle) with the tongue at the bottom is so adapted to this groove that both panels can only be opened under the pressure exerted in the lower area, i.e. in the area of the narrowing or thinning.

Even in a compressed or expanded state of a previously inserted string or rod-shaped element, which may in particular be in the form of a round rubber element, the tongue of the laying aid rests with play within the weld in the upper region.

As a result, the upper edge of the panels is not subjected to mechanical stress, in particular when the laying aid is pulled out of the joint. Otherwise, the top edge could be undesirably damaged, which would deteriorate the appearance.

In another embodiment of the invention, the recess is located inside the joint between two panels, namely in particular above said taper or stepped thinning. If the string-like element is placed in the weld, it fills the recess, in particular due to projections protruding from the side of the string or rod-shaped element. As a result, a better fixation of the rod-shaped or corded element in the weld is obtained, in particular due to the form fit. The bar or cord element is then effectively seated between the two panels.

In a simplified, particularly economical embodiment of the invention, a laying aid is used, which can be substantially cuboidal. A tongue protrudes from one side of the rectangular body. The pen is shaped as described above. This tool allows the panels to be pushed apart so that a bar or cord can be inserted into the joint between two panels without having to overcome frictional force. When the tool is pulled out again, the joints close back a little, so that the bar or rope element finds an attachment between the two panels.

PL 204 287 B1

In a simplified embodiment of the laying aid, it can also be moved along the seam. Behind the lay-down aid, the element can be manually inserted into the widened area.

The bar or cord elements inserted on the transverse or shorter sides should have a length at least equal to that of the transverse weld in order to obtain a closed surface. This dimension can normally be exceeded by about 1 mm when the transverse side is about 20 cm long. The nesting aid tool may also include a cutting tool into which a bar or cord can be inserted and cut to the exact desired size. For this purpose, the laying aid has, for example, a channel into which a bar or string element can be inserted, in particular with little play. The channel has a cross-section fitted to a bar or corded element. The cutting tool is shaped such that it divides the string element, for example by pressing downwards, such that it obtains the desired length. This cutting tool can also be a separate tool that exists separately from the stacking aid.

The material of the laying aid may be metal, such as aluminum. However, so that the laying aid can be manufactured inexpensively, it is however produced as a plastic injection molding.

In one embodiment of the invention, the stacking aid has a relatively wide roller on its top or face. It is much wider than the rollers on the bottom, as long as there are rollers on the bottom. This roll on the top or face surface serves to finally roll it over the joint again. If a bar or string element protrudes slightly unfavorably from the weld, it can be corrected in this way. The rollers in the stacking aid for exerting pressure on the cord in order to position it properly in the seam are made of a hard material, and metal is particularly suitable for this purpose.

The rollers in the base of the laying aid are protruding so much that the gap between the base of the laying aid and the panels is very small. In one embodiment, the distance may be, for example, only a few tenths of a millimeter, for example 2/10 mm. In this case, the front rollers of the stacking aid are also made of hard material and are only for guidance. The material should in any case be so little compressible that a distance of 1/10 to 2/10 mm is maintained between the base of the laying aid and the surface of the panels.

If square panels are used then no distinction is made between longitudinal and transverse joints. However, the laying process is basically the same. The rubber is placed along one joint using the laying aid. The transverse joints are opened using an eccentric and a cord is inserted from above.

In one embodiment of the invention, adhesion means are provided with which the rope element is better held in the seam. The adhesion promoter can already be applied to the panels at the factory. The adhesion promoter may in another embodiment be placed in the joint together with the lay-down aid. The stacking aid has a suitable reservoir for adhesion promoter or adhesive. By suitable supply, the adhesion promoter is then introduced into the joint before the rubber is inserted. In this way, it is possible to create a cover of exceptionally high quality, which can also be arranged by home DIY.

The adhesion promoter can also be manually applied to the transverse sides or joints running transversely to the above-mentioned joint with a suitable tool or tube.

Panels are used in which the shorter sides are joined together by dropping. First, a larger gap, for example 2.3 mm, is left between the two short sides of the panels to be joined during the lowering movement. Only at the very end does this gap close by 0.5 mm. The associated sliding movement of a few tenths of a millimeter is used to bring the cord-like element in its compressed state into the weld on the surface. Thus, if a gap of, for example, 2.5 mm is left on the surface in such panels, a 2 mm wide cord or rod can be inserted first. Then one panel is lowered against the other. The gap, originally 2 mm, is reduced here by, for example, 0.5 mm. Finally, the bar or rope element rests lightly compressed in the weld.

PL 204 287 B1

The provided connecting elements can also be used on the longitudinal sides. Rubber can be used analogously.

The material of the panels can be approximately anything. In the field of laminate flooring, this material is currently HDF or MDF. However, there is no problem to use the connecting elements also in the case of ceramic or stone tiles.

The subject of the invention in an exemplary embodiment is shown in the drawing, where:

Fig. 1 - shows two interconnected panels 1 and 2 fig. 2 - shows another variant of the panels shown in fig. 1 fig. 3, fig. 4, fig. 5 - shows panels with variously shaped recesses for a string or bar element Fig. 6 - shows the interlocking of the panels from Fig. 2 Fig. 7 - shows an embodiment of a cord or bar element Fig. 8, Fig. 9 - shows panels with recesses forming a channel into which the bar element can be inserted Fig. 10 - gapless joint 8 and 9, fig. 11, fig. 12 - show panels with differently shaped bar elements fig. 13, fig. 14 - show the development of examples from fig. 4 and fig. 5 fig. 15a, fig. 15b - shows stacking aid in side view (fig. 15a) and in front view (fig. 15b) fig. 16 - panels with stacking aid in top view fig. 17 - shows the recess for the eccentric element fig. 18 - turned by 90 ° position of the eccentric element Fig. 19 - shows a section of an eccentric element fig. 20 - another embodiment of the invention fig. 21 - an embodiment of the invention with one bar or cord element fig. 22 - shows a bar or cord element fig. 23 - shows an embodiment of a bar or cord element in fig. 22 Fig. 24 - the body forming together with the cover a panel Fig. 25 - shows the building element forming the stairs

The drawing figures are described in detail below.

1 shows two panels 1 and 2 which are connected to each other. These are, in particular, panels for a laminate floor. In an exemplary embodiment, the panels shown have a thickness of 8 mm. The panel has a groove on the side that is 2.5 mm deep and 1.9 mm wide. This groove 3 comprises a top wall 4 and a bottom wall 5. The top wall 4 is 2.8mm thick. The bottom wall 5 is longer than the top wall 4. Outside the area of the actual groove 3, i.e. in the area of the bottom wall 5 which protrudes from the top wall 4, there is a recess 6. The recess 6 is formed by an oblique limiting wall 7 and extending vertically. stop wall 8. The oblique wall opens in a funnel-like manner towards the floor surface 9. There is an angle of 15 degrees to the perpendicular to the floor surface in the present case. The oblique wall 7 serves to pass from the actual area of the groove 3 to the opening 6. The wall 8 running perpendicular to the floor surface 9 is the wall of the locking element 10. The locking element 10 is located at the open end of the protruding wall or edge 5 of the panel 1. The locking element 10 protrudes. in the present case in relation to the base of the cavity 6 by 0.7 mm. The wall 8 is a contact or locking surface which contributes to the immobilization of the panels 1 and 2 parallel to the floor surface 9 and perpendicular to the joint 11.

The panel 2 has a tongue 12 on the side. In the joint condition of the two panels, the tongue 12 is in the groove 3. The thickness of the tongue 12 is adjusted to the width of the groove so that there is no play from above and below. The open end of the tongue 12 has an oblique limitation 13 at its bottom. There is a distance here to the adjacent wall 5 of the groove 3. The oblique limitation 13 means that the tongue 12 can easily be inserted into the groove 3. In particular, the restriction 13 is suitable for inserting the tongue. 12 rotating around weld 11 into groove 3.

Below tongue 12 there is a protruding protrusion 14. In this way a recess 15 is formed which can be made by milling the underside of the panel 2. The wall 16, which forms the transition between recess 15 and protrusion 14, runs perpendicular to the floor surface. The wall 16 is at the same time a locking or contact surface which, in cooperation with the delimiting wall 8, causes a form fit parallel to the floor surface 9 and perpendicular to it.

Of the joints 11. As the contact surfaces or the locking surfaces 8 and 16 run perpendicular to the floor surface 9, an extremely effective form fixation between the two panels 1 and 2 is achieved compared to the state of the art, for example, known from WO 97/47834 A1. The shape fixation due to the locking surfaces 8 and 16 is further improved if the protruding bottom wall 5 is sufficiently rigid. The bottom wall 5 is sufficiently rigid if the panels 1 and 2 cannot be connected by sliding in one plane. Flush joining is also known from the above-mentioned description No. WO 97/47834 A1.

To further improve the form fit parallel to the floor surface and perpendicular to the joint 11, the locking surfaces 8 and 16 may be undercut. A deviation of a few degrees from the vertical direction is sufficient. The locking surface 8 is then inclined inwards towards the rebate 6. Correspondingly, the locking surface 16 is inclined inwards towards the rebate 15. In the connected state, the locking surfaces 8 and 16 engage with each other. This embodiment is particularly important when it is necessary to enable sliding joining in one plane. In this case, the protruding wall 5 can, for example, be bent far enough downward to thereby allow sliding in one plane. In order more efficiently to prevent undesirable relaxation from occurring in the stacked state due to spreading in one plane, the aforementioned locking surfaces 8 and 16 are particularly important to each other. This interlocking prevents, for example, the bottom wall 5 from bending as a result of shocks.

The protruding projection 14 under the tongue is delimited on the side of the open end of the tongue by an oblique wall 17. In the fixed state, the boundary wall 17 is parallel to the wall 7. In the fixed state, as shown in Fig. 1, there is a play between the wall 17 and the wall 7. Maybe it should be a few tenths of a millimeter. In the present case, it is, for example, 0.5 mm.

If the locking surface 8 contacts the locking surface 16, then there is the aforementioned play of 0.5 mm between the limiting wall 17 and the limiting wall 7. At the same time, a gap, for example 2.5 mm thick, is formed on the floor surface. Thus, initially there is play between the panels 1 and 2 in the fixed state. It allows the panels to be joined together, although the locking surfaces 8 and 16 in the present case run perpendicularly or at least approximately perpendicularly. Even an undercut is possible. The play is then usually 2/10 millimeters or more. The amount of play that should be depends in particular on the shape and dimensions of the contact surfaces 8 and 16. For individual applications, the specialist determines the minimum value of the play on the basis of several tests, which enables joining also in the case of steep, vertical and even undercut contact surfaces. 8 and 16. For this reason, it may also be expedient to use a larger play, for example 1 mm.

In a fixed state, panel 1 can be moved with respect to panel 2 along the joint 11. It may be desirable when laying to place the panels in their final position. Compared to the state of the art, known for example from WO 97/47834 A1, the sliding is extremely easy.

In order to avoid the penetration of moisture and dust into the gap, which remains on the surface 9 of the two panels at the joint 11, a string or rod-shaped element 18 is placed there. The cord or rod-shaped element 18 has, in this case, a rectangular cross-section, and therefore corresponds essentially to the shape slots. The cord or bar element 18 thus coincides with the surface 9 of the panels 1 and 2.

The rope or rod element 18 is slightly wider than the slot in which the element is positioned. In the present case, it is therefore slightly wider than 2.5 mm. The depth of the cord or rod 18 corresponds to the wall thickness 4. In the present case, the cord or rod 18 has a depth of 2.8 mm and rests on the upper surface of the tongue 12. The cord or rod 18 therefore does not penetrate so deeply into the slit. not flush with the surface 9.

The rope or rod element 18 is in the present case made of a silicone material. It is flexible and can therefore be compressed.

The slit in which the cord or rod 18 is positioned widens downward. In the present case, the widening runs funnel-like through walls 19 and 20. This widening may be minimal. A few tenths of a millimeter is enough. The widening causes the cord or bar member 18 to expand into the rebate area if it is slightly wider than the slot. Thanks

The cord or bar member 18 is firmly seated in the slot. This counteracts undesirable loosening of the cord or rod-shaped element 18 in the locked state.

The rope or bar element 18 may be inserted into the slot during the laying process. However, it is also possible for the panels 1 and 2 to be connected to the cord or rod-shaped element 18 by the manufacturer. Due to the compressibility of the material, the desired results can be achieved compared to the state of the art known from WO 97/47834 A1. The interconnected panels can be relatively easily moved along the joint joint. Joining is successful even with perpendicular or undercut contact surfaces 8 and 16.

The embodiment of Fig. 2 differs from the embodiment shown in Fig. 1, in particular by the undercut locking surfaces or the contact areas 8 and 16. This prevents the panel 2 from detaching from the panel 1 when the panel 2 is pulled in the direction of the arrow 21 particularly effectively. This embodiment is particularly advantageous in the case of a flexible wall 5.

The embodiment of Fig. 3 differs from the embodiment of Figs. 1 and 2 by the provision of a further string or bar-shaped member 22 between the locking surfaces 8 and 16. Thus, the play between the panels can be relatively large compared to the embodiments of Fig. 1 and 2, without the need to enlarge the cord or rod-shaped element 18 on the surface 9 of the panels 1 and 2. Moreover, the cord or rod-shaped element 22 is able to compensate for shrinkage phenomena which can occur especially when the panels are made of a wood material.

If panels with a rectangular surface are used, then the embodiment of Fig. 3 is advantageous on the short sides, since shrinkage phenomena can be particularly pronounced here. The contraction effect is weaker on the long sides.

If the panels are made of wood material, they usually shrink at higher temperatures. If panels made of wood material are used in damp rooms, they usually expand. The embodiment of Fig. 3 is therefore advantageous in rooms that are regularly heated. Here, for example, a living room in a single-family house should be mentioned.

The cord or rod-shaped element 22, which is arranged between the contact or locking surfaces 8 and 16, generally has smaller cross-sectional dimensions compared to the cord or rod-shaped element 18 which borders the floor surface 9. In the present case, the cross section of the cord or bar member 22 is approximately square. The square is approximately 1 mm x 1 mm.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the recess 6 has an additional recess or recess 23. The recess 23 borders on the locking surface 8. The recess 23 houses a string or rod-shaped element 22 during the laying process. 23. If the panel 2 is joined to the panel 1, then the protrusion 14 first presses the rope or rod-shaped member 22 completely into the recess 23, as indicated in Fig. 4.

If the panel 2 then moves towards the panel 1, the string or bar member 22 expands and engages between the locking surfaces 8 and 16. This condition is shown in Fig. 5. The compressed member would have to be shown in an elliptical shape. Due to the clarity of the drawing, it differs from reality.

In the embodiment of Fig. 4, the length of the projection 14 is chosen such that the panel 2 can be placed in the position shown in Fig. 4 by lowering it vertically relative to the panel 1. The lowering is indicated by the arrow 24. The panel 2 then moves along the arrow 25 in the direction of panel 1. The path by which panel 2 is moved is very small and may be limited to a few 1/10 of a millimeter. If the travel distance is very short, the time required for paving can be reduced accordingly. This is a feature which is advantageous in particular compared to the prior art mentioned at the outset, known for example from WO 97/47834 A1.

An embodiment in which a vertical lowering along arrow 24 is possible in a first step is preferably used on the short sides of panels with a rectangular surface. On the long sides, a type of connection is used which takes place by a rotary movement around the weld 11. A prior art in which the joining is caused by a rotary motion is apparent from, for example, WO 01/48332 A1 or US 4,426,820.

If the panel 2 has been moved along the arrow 25 towards the panel 1, then the situation shown in Fig. 5 takes place. A rope or rod-shaped member 18 is now (finally) placed in the joint 11 and the joining is completed. It may be sufficient to move the panel 2 by only one to two millimeters to change from the situation shown in Fig. 4 to the situation shown in Fig. 4.

5. This section is still relatively short compared to the sections which are needed in the state of the art, known for example from EP 00843763 B1.

Fig. 6 shows that the panel of Fig. 2 is interlocked with the panel 1 by rotational movement around the weld 11. In this case, the tongue 12 may be relatively long compared to the embodiment of Fig. 5, and therefore not a connection is already possible, which first has to be lowered in accordance with arrow 24 (fig. 4). A relatively stable form fit perpendicular to the floor surface is then achieved compared to Fig. 4.

The rope or bar element 22 may have a circular cross section. The diameter is, for example, about 2 mm. The recess 23, which partially houses the cord or rod-shaped element 22, is typically of comparable width. In the example, therefore, the width would be 2mm. The depth can be half this value. It would then be 1 mm.

If the panel comprises two string or rod-shaped elements as described above, then the cord or rod-shaped element 18 can very easily be introduced from the surface by first parting the slit in the surface with a suitable tool opposite to the elastic properties of the cord or rod-shaped element 22. In the flared state, width the slit in the surface is in particular greater than the width of the cord or rod-shaped element 18 to be inserted into the slit. The insertion of the string or rod-shaped element 18 is then very simple. The tool is then removed and the panel 1 brought into the panel 2 by expansion of the string or rod-shaped element 22. The sliding due to the expansion of the string or rod-shaped element 22 stops as soon as the force balance is reached. There is then no gap left on the surface.

The rope or rod-shaped element 18 on the surface 9 then protects against the ingress of dust and moisture.

Fig. 7 shows a preferred embodiment of the cord or rod-shaped element 18 which is inserted from the surface. In cross-section, this string or rod-shaped element 18 has on both sides something like abutment hooks 26 and 27. In order that the cord or rod-shaped element 18 can be pressed extremely well on both sides, a arched recess 28 is provided on the underside. have thread 29 inside, for example, to avoid the effects of expansion. The thread 29 is therefore made of a non-expandable material which, according to FIG. 7, is surrounded by a compressible material such as silicone.

The visible surface 30 of the rope or bar-shaped member 18 in the inserted state may be flat so as to achieve a flat finish with the surface 9 of the panels.

8 shows two panels 1 and 2 in which the tongue 12 of the panel 2 has been inserted into the groove 3 of the panel 1. The projecting wall 5 has a cross-section rectangular recess 30 on its upper surface. The tongue 12 has a recess 31 on its underside of rectangular cross-section. Both recesses 30 and 31 are of equal width. They are located one above the other when the tongue 12 of the panel 2 has been fully inserted into the groove 3 of the panel 1, so that no gap remains at the joint 11. The rebates 30 and 31 form a channel into which a string or bar element is inserted to engage the panel 1 with the panel 2 parallel to the surface 9 and perpendicular to the weld 11. Moving the panel 2 towards the panel 1 easily takes place up to the position shown in fig. 8, since no protruding locking element has to be traversed. In the state shown in Fig. 8, the sliding of the panel 2 relative to the panel 1 along the joint seam is still very easy since the panels are fixed only perpendicular to the surface 9.

Fig. 9 differs from Fig. 8 by a rod-shaped element 32 which slides finally into a channel formed by rebates 30 and 31. The rod-shaped element 32 is at least nearly as wide as the rebates 30 and 31 so that it does not appear on the surface 9. the gap at the weld 11. The material of the rod or cord element 32 is less or not incompressible at all, so as to avoid the formation of a gap on the surface 9 at the weld 11. Therefore, metal or a wood material can be used as the material. .

If the panels 1 and 2 form a closed surface in the manner shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, then, for example, for aesthetic reasons, it is expedient to arrange such connecting elements also on the other sides in order to form a closed surface, and in particular it is expedient to shape the short sides of the panel in this way. having a rectangular surface, so that the final tacking takes place by inserting the rod 32. On the longer sides, connecting elements are then advantageous in which the joining takes place by a rotational movement around the weld. Then there is also no gap 9 between the two panels 1 and 2. The joint 11 is therefore closed. In Fig. 10

This embodiment is shown. The contact surfaces 8 and 16 are oblique to allow joining by rotational movement despite the absence of play. The protruding wall 5 is preferably rigid to ensure stable interlocking of the panels 1 and 2 in the stacked state.

If the panels 1 and 2 are designed in an alternative embodiment to FIGS. 8 and 9 such that a gap remains on the surface 9 at the joint 11, then a rod-shaped or rope-like element 32, which is made of, for example, silicone or rubber, is inserted therein.

The bar or cord element 32 is made of Teflon or a material of comparable flexibility and a smooth surface. The insertion of the rod or cord element 32 into the channel formed by the recesses 30 and 31 then takes place relatively smoothly, in particular when the short sides of the panel are thus formed. Namely, the short sides have less frictional forces than the longer sides, which counteract retraction.

The bar element may have a cross-section that is differently shaped. It can, for example, be tapered. The cross-sections of the rebates 30 and 31 are then correspondingly shaped, so that there are undercut contact surfaces 8 and 33 and 34 and 35. Fig. 11 shows this embodiment.

The rod-shaped element has a circular cross-section so that no special alignment is required when inserting it. Recesses 30 and 31 are semicircular, respectively, as shown in Fig. 12.

The insertion of the rod 32 is particularly easy when at least one end of it tapers. both ends are then tapered so that the user does not have to pay attention to which end the bar should be inserted into the channel.

Figure 11 shows the case where the rebates 30 and 31 taper towards the opening. The associated bar element 32 has a constriction. Hence the resulting undercut contact surfaces. An embodiment is particularly advantageous when the walls 4 and 5 of the groove 3 are of equal length, as they are then relatively thin and therefore relatively flexible.

Fig. 12 shows an embodiment in which the locking element 36 of the panel 2 can be placed in the recess of the panel 1 by lowering it vertically. Both locking elements 36 and 37 have semicircular recesses 30 and 31 into which a round bar 32 is inserted for final tacking. No gap or play remains in the weld 11. For the connection, it is enough to lower panel 2 vertically in relation to panel 1, without the need to move the panels next.

If the connecting elements of Fig. 12 are not provided on all sides of the panel, then it is particularly advantageous if an embodiment is provided on the long sides of the panel with a rectangular cross-section in which the joining is effected by a rotational movement around the weld 11. The example is hereby indicated here. in Fig. 11, which shows such connecting elements. The embodiment of Fig. 12 is then used on the short sides.

If such a panel is connected to the next one on their long sides by a rotational movement around a common joint, then it can be simultaneously connected to an adjacent, already laid panel on the short sides, without having to finally move the panel to its final position. For final fixation, only the rod 32 is inserted into the channel formed by the openings 30 and 31.

The shape of the rebates 30, 31 and 37 and the locking element 37 may differ from the embodiment shown in Fig. 12. The only point is that the shapes should be selected to allow the desired glueless tacking to be completed in the directions indicated.

Thanks to the invention, it was possible to propose the following method of joining two panels. Panel 1 is combined with panel 2 such that rebates 30 and 31 form a channel. The fastening elements are shaped such that the panels are then fixed in a first direction. The rod-shaped element is then inserted into the channel. The connecting elements are shaped in such a way that both panels are then fixed both perpendicular to the common surface 9 and parallel to the common surface 9 and at the same time perpendicular to the joint 11.

The element 32 can also be made of an elastic material with a high restoring force. It can then be fitted at the factory in one of the two recesses 30 or 31. The cord-like element is then made in particular of silicone or hard PVC.

A rod-shaped or string-like element in the sense of the invention is present in particular when the diameter is at least 0.5 mm, preferably at least 1 mm. If the rod or cord element has a rectangular cross section, the length and width of the rectangle are preferably at least 0.5 mm, in particular at least 1 mm. A rod-shaped or string-like element in the sense of the invention is also present, in particular, when it constitutes a separate element, which, as such, can in one of the examples

To the panel. The physical properties remain the same. Such a rod-shaped or cord-like element is then to be distinguished in one embodiment from the case where a paste or the like is applied to the panel in a fluid state, and the paste then hardens.

Figures 13 and 14 show exemplary embodiments which are a development of the embodiments of figures 4 and 5.

13 shows the connecting elements on the long side of the already laid panel 1 in section. Panel 1 has a protruding bottom wall 5 on its long side. The protruding wall has a groove 6 with a groove 23. A cord 22 is inserted into the recess 23 inside the recess. This cord includes a string or thread 29 made of a material with poor elastic properties, surrounded by rubber. or silicone. Due to the chord, the string 22 does not change its length. The second panel 2 was placed obliquely with its long side to the first panel 1 and placed in the common plane 9 of the panels by tilting.

As a result, the panel 2 is connected to the already laid panel 1 that they are positively connected to each other parallel to the common surface 9 and perpendicular to the common joint 11.

The tongue 12 of the panel 2 is in the present case just short enough to connect the panel 2 to the panel 1 in the above-described manner by lowering it. After lowering, the panel 2 would still have to be moved towards the panel 1 to arrive at the situation shown in Fig. 13. The tongue 12 would have to be longer, since joining by angling and subsequent tilting on the long sides presents essentially no problems.

The second panel 2a was placed obliquely against the long edge of the already laid panel 1 and connected to it by tilt in the manner described above.

The shorter sides of the panels 2 and 2a shown in FIG. 14 are shaped such that the locking elements 14 and 10 overlap when one panel 2a is properly lowered relative to the other panel 2. With the two above-mentioned panels 2 and 2a correctly positioned after the panel has been lowered, 2a, the fixation is already taking place, which interlocks the two panels 2 and 2a with each other parallel to the common surface 9 and perpendicular to the joint 11. Then the two last-mentioned panels 2 and 2a are pushed together. The tongue 12 of the panel 2a engages in the groove 3 of the second panel 2. The two panels 2 and 2a are thus connected to each other also perpendicular to the plane of the floor, as shown in FIG. 14. If necessary, the two recently laid panels 2 and 2a are moved into towards the already laid panel 1, creating a classic tongue-and-groove connection also between panel 1 and panels 2 or 2a. The classic tongue-and-groove connection causes the panels 1 and 2 as well as 1 and 2a to be locked in shape with respect to each other perpendicular to the common surface 9.

The protruding edge 5 on the short side of the panel 2 also has the previously described groove 6 with a recess 23. The recess 23 is adjacent to an upwardly projecting locking element 10 which is located at the open end of the protruding edge or wall 5. In the sliding condition of both panels 2 and 2a a string the element 22, which in Fig. 14 has a circular cross section, is inserted into the channel formed by the above-mentioned recess 23 and the overlying area of the last of said panels 2a. The locking element 14 of the panel 2a, which extends downwards, contributes to the formation of a channel into which the rope element 22 is inserted - as shown in the sectional view in Fig. 14. The dimensions may be selected such that between the rope element 22 and the above-mentioned channel slack remains. The cord element 22 then slides in extremely easily.

Tool 40 is now used, shown in Fig. 15a in a side view and in Fig. 15b in a front view. The body of the 41st is essentially rectangular. A channel 42 passes through the rectangular body 41. The channel 42 starts at the face 43 (in front), since this face face is usually not obstructed when the tool 40 is in use. It terminates at the bottom surface 44, near another face 45 (rear) of the rectangular body 41. The channel 42 has a rectangular cross section as shown in Fig. 15b. It preferably widens towards the end face 43, for example, to facilitate insertion of the cord element 18. The long sides 45a of the rectangular section run parallel to the side walls of the tool 40, i.e. from bottom to top. The cross-sectional dimensions of the conduit 42 are so matched with the cord 18 that it does not twist within the conduit 42. Thus, in the illustrated embodiment, the fit makes it practically impossible to insert the cord 18 rotated by 90 ° into conduit 42.

Tool 40 is used to assist in laying panels 1, 2, 2a. With this tool, the cord 18 is placed in the joint 11 formed by the panels 1 and 2.

A tongue 46 protrudes from the lower surface 44 of tool 40. The tongue 46 is disposed within the channel 42. The tongue 46 tapers downwardly (viewed from the side of tool 40) as seen in Fig. 15b.

PL 204 287 B1

In one embodiment, tongue 46 includes a first frontal area 47 which is narrower than another rear area 48. The narrower area 47 is preferably - as seen in Fig. 15a - longer, e.g. about twice, than the thicker area 48. to facilitate manipulations. The front end 49 of the tongue 46 can be further tapered compared to the narrow area 47 so that the tongue of the laying aid is inserted into the joint 11, which occurs due to the sliding of the panels 1, 2 in the above-described manner. removing the laying aid 41 from the joint 11 without fear of damaging the panels 1, 2.

The width of the tongue 46 on the outside, in particular at the bottom and the front, is so selected that it can be inserted into the joint 11, which at least remains on the surfaces of the two panels 1, 2 juxtaposed with each other. If the tongue 46 is sufficiently tapered, for example, rearwardly then tongue 46 can insert into said slot 11 from above, lowering it. If the tongue 46 tapers anteriorly, then this taper 47, 49 can be inserted into the slot 11 and thus the tongue 46 be positioned between the panels 1, 2.

The wider area 48 of the tongue 46 is dimensioned such that it allows both panels 1 and 2 to be opened, when the tongue 46 is inserted further between the panels 1 and 2, whereby the wider area 48 extends between the panels 1 and 2, respectively. an element 22 which is initially inserted into a recess 23 in the shape of a groove 6 of panel 1.

The rope or rod, preferably silicone member 18, preferably having a rectangular or at least oblong cross section, is inserted into the channel 42 of the laying aid 41, preferably from the end face 43. The dimensions are selected such that the width of the string member is 18 is matched to the width of channel 42. Moreover, the height of cord 18 matches the height of channel 26. There is play between cord 18 and channel 42 so that cord can be pulled through channel 42.

Due to the presence of slack, the rope element 18 can be pulled by the tool until it reappears behind the tongue 46 near the rear face 45 on the lower surface 44. The dimensions of the approximately rectangular sections are selected such that the rope element 18 cannot twist within the channel 42 as it is slid or pulled through channel 42.

If the rope element 18 is moved with the tool, the tongue 46 is inserted in the tapered area between the first panel 1 and the second panel 2 into the gap 11 therebetween. The laying aid 40 is then especially at the beginning of the joint 11 in which to put the rope element.

In one embodiment of the invention, the laying aid or tool 40 is provided with rollers 51 and 52, so that the tool 40 can be easily moved along the weld 11 with these rollers. Otherwise, the tool 40 would slide over panels 1 and 2. There is then risk of damaging the surface of panels 1 and 2.

If the stacking aid 40 is moved along the seam 11 which is between the panels 1 and 2 and the tongue 46 enters the seam 11, the panels 1 and 2 are first flared across the wider area 48 of the tongue 46. The first string 22, which is initially inserted into the groove or recess 23, is then compressed. The wider region 48 of the tongue 46 is dimensioned such that a second string element 18, which protrudes from the lower surface 44 of the laying aid, is pressed against the weld 11 without problems. The dimensions are selected so that there is little play between the string 18 and the open panels 1 and 2, which facilitate the insertion of the cord element 18 into the joint 11. The cord element 18 thus generally enters the joint 11 from above.

If tool 41 is moved further along seam 11, seam 11 closes slightly back downstream of stacking aid 40 due to pressure from the first compressed cord 22. If seam 11 has closed somewhat again, cord 18 will accordingly dimensioned and / or shaped, it is fixed in a form-fit and / or frictional connection between the two panels 1 and 2.

In one preferred embodiment, tool 40 has a roller 51 at its rear end near the face 45, rolling over the seam. In this way, a smooth transition is achieved on the surface between the panels 1 and 2 and the cord element 18. This case is not shown in Figures 15a and 15b.

PL 204 287 B1

In an exemplary embodiment, the layering aid 40 is moved until a first transverse weld 60 is reached as seen in Fig. 16 which shows the panels 1, 2 in plan view. After the laying aid 40, the rope element 18 is already inserted into the joint 11.

An eccentric member 70 'shown in section in Fig. 19, slides laterally parallel to the transverse seam 60 between the second panel 2 and the third panel 2a. To this end, a slot or a channel recess 71 is provided in the panel 2 and / or the panel 2a (as shown in Fig. 17), into which the eccentric elongate element 70 can be inserted. The eccentric element 70 is then inserted such that the shorter side of the eccentric element ( eccentric) bordered by both panels 2 and 2a. The dimensions are selected so that the element can be inserted without any problem. In an embodiment, for ease of use, a play may be left between the eccentric element 70 and the two panels 2 and 2a.

When the eccentric element 70 has been inserted between the two panels, the eccentric element 70 is rotated by about 90 ° by means of the lever 73 shown in Fig. 19, as indicated by arrow 72 in Fig. 17. The gap 60 shown in Fig. 16 is thereby widened. which is on the surface on the lateral sides between the second panel 2 and the third panel 2a. Following a 90 ° rotation, the cord 22 which has previously been inserted into the channel intended for this purpose within the transverse weld 60 is compressed. The 90 ° rotated position of the eccentric member is shown in Fig. 18.

The eccentric element 70 may be bent at the end of the lever 73 such that the bent end 74 can be inserted into a side groove of one of the two panels 2 or 2a. In this way, the 90 ° rotated position of the eccentric element 70 is maintained. If not, it is otherwise necessary to ensure that the eccentric element 70 is kept in the pivoted position.

In order to facilitate the insertion of the eccentric element 70 into a channel 71 or a sufficiently wide slot provided for the purpose, it has a narrowing 75. This narrowed area is first introduced into a channel 71 intended for the purpose or a sufficiently wide slot provided for the purpose.

Another rope member 18, the cross section of which is approximately rectangular or elongated, can be pressed from above into a slot which is provided on the transverse side 60 between the second panel 2 and the third panel 2a. Alternatively, it can be inserted from the side, as long as the dimensions in this position are selected such that the cord 18 rests with play in the weld, as indicated in Fig. 18.

The transverse side 60 is in particular the short side if the panels 1, 2, 2a have a rectangular surface.

The eccentric 70 is then pivoted back to its original position. The groove on the transverse side 60 closes somewhat, and the previously compressed cord 22 expands. The cord element 18, preferably of rectangular cross section, is now in a pinned state between the second panel 2 and the third panel 2a. The immobilization can be achieved by positive and / or frictional connection. According to FIG. 17, this fixation is achieved in particular by a positive fit, but also by a force fit, since the cord element 18, preferably with a longitudinal cross-section, is in a slightly compressed state in the joint.

The eccentric 70 is then pulled out of the channel 71 or the respective slot. The laying aid 40 continues to the next cross weld. In this way, the joints 11, 60 (or the slots) are provided with string elements 18 that are visible from above until the panels 1, 2, 2a are completely surrounded by string or rod-shaped elements 18.

It has turned out that with the use of the invention it is possible to lay the panels over a large area without the need for expansion joints in the floor covering.

In one embodiment, the stacking aid 40 has a recess on the side. The laying aid 40 moves during laying so that the recess coincides with the weld contacting the transverse side 60, in particular the short side. The recess serves to enable the threaded or rod-shaped element to be inserted without problems from the transverse side 60 so that it extends completely to the threaded or rod-shaped element 18 which has been inserted into the joint 11 by means of the laying aid.

In another embodiment of the invention, the tongue 46 below the laying aid is shaped such that it tapers downwards along its entire length so that the tongue can be inserted into the joint from above. This is particularly advantageous when the walls restrict side access to the joint.

PL 204 287 B1

In an embodiment of the invention, the weld 11, which borders the upper surface 9 of the panels 1, 2, 2a, has a taper or a stepped thinning 76 at the bottom. The tool 40 with the tongue 46 lying beneath it is then so adapted to this weld with the thinning 76 that the opening of the two panels 1 and 2 is only possible due to the pressure exerted in the lower area, i.e. in the area of the thinning 76 or the taper.

Even in the compressed or loosened state of an already inserted rod or cord 22, having a particularly circular cross section, the tongue 46 of the laying aid 40 is loosely inside the joint 11 in terms of the upper area, i.e., above the thinning 76. Thus, the upper edge of the panels 1 and 2 is not subjected to mechanical stress, in particular when the laying aid 40 is pulled out of the joint 11. Otherwise the top edges of the panels 1 and 2 could be damaged, which would deteriorate their appearance.

In another embodiment of the invention, inside the joint 11 between the two panels 1 and 2 there is a recess 77, in particular the recess above the aforementioned taper or stepped thinning 76. When the cord 18 is placed in the joint 11, it fills this recess, 77, which is in particular due to the presence of a projection 18 projecting from the side of the cord or rod-shaped element 18. A better insertion of the rod-shaped or rod-shaped element 18 in the weld 11 is then achieved, thanks to the form-fit thus realized. The bar or cord element 18 is then successfully seated between the two panels 1 and 2.

In another embodiment of the invention, the stacking aid 40 has on its top or face a relatively wide roller 80, in particular wider than the wheels or rollers 51 and 52. It is therefore clearly wider than the rollers on the underside. This roller 80 on the top or end face serves to finally roll over the weld 11, 60 once more. If the bar or rope element 18 protrudes slightly from the weld 11, 60, which is undesirable, this can be somewhat corrected. The rollers 52 and 80 on the stacking aid 40, which serve to apply pressure to the cord 18 to properly position it in the weld 11, 60, are made of a hard material, especially metal.

The rollers 51, 52 on the base of the laying aid 40 protrude so much that the distance between the base of the laying aid 40 and the panels 1, 2 is very small. In one embodiment, the gap may be, for example, only a few tenths of a millimeter, for example 2/10 mm. In this case, it is advantageous if also the front rollers 51 of the stacking aid 40, which only serve for guidance, are made of a hard material. The material should in any case be so inflexible that a distance of 1/10 to 2/10 mm is maintained between the base of the laying aid 40 and the surface 9 of the panels 1, 2.

20 shows a further embodiment of the invention, namely panels 2 and 2a in which at least one side can be folded down together. Under this term it is understood that the panel 2a can be held parallel to the already laid panel 2 and can be lowered to connect. The parallel alignment can be maintained when lowering. If panel 2a has been lowered so that it is flush with panel 2, the downwardly projecting projection 14 is in the top open recess 6. Parallel to surface 9 and perpendicular to the joint, panels 2 and 2a are then fixed with respect to on the principle of a positive fit. The locking element facing upwards at the end of the lower protruding edge 5 is then slightly bent outwards, which is especially favored by the bevel 90 below the locking element.

First, a gap of, for example, 2.5 mm is left on the surface 9 of the panels 2, 2a. If a cord element with a width of, for example, 2.2 mm is to be inserted into this slot, this is possible without any problems since there is play. After inserting the cord element, the panel 2 moves about 0.5 mm towards the panel 2 so that the relatively short tongue 12 here fits into the groove 3 and fixes it in a direction perpendicular to the surface 9. This sliding movement by a few tenths of a millimeter is used for this, to introduce the corded element in compressed state into the joint located on the surface 9

The connecting elements of Fig. 20 can be used on all sides. As the locking in the vertical direction is relatively weak, it is advantageous if those connecting elements which include a relatively short tongue 12 engaging in the groove 3 are only provided on the lateral sides 60.

PL 204 287 B1

Fig. 21 shows an embodiment of the invention which is advantageous if on the upper side 9 only one bar or rope element 18 is inserted between the two panels 1 and 2. If the rope element is not positioned between the two panels 1 and 2 as shown. 2, then the two panels are joined together so that a small play remains.

The panels 1 and 2 shown in FIG. 21 are designed in such a way that a gap remains at the joint 11 on the upper surface. The slit has a slightly narrower width (a few tenths of a millimeter) than a bar or string element 18. If a bar or string element is pressed into the slot from above, it enters the slot slightly compressed. As a result, the top surface is sealed watertight, eliminating problems with moisture.

The slit shown in FIG. 21 extends up to the upper surface of the tongue 12 in the illustrated embodiment. This is advantageous for technological reasons, but not necessary for carrying out the invention.

To ensure that the bar or cord 18 between the panels 1 and 2 is fitted accurately and reliably, it is held in the desired position by a positive fit. In the present case, there is at least one, preferably two, projecting projections 95 within the gap, laterally connected to the individual panels. These protruding projections not only serve the aforementioned form-fit connection, but also form a constriction inside the groove. The narrowing of the groove is advantageous in that the two panels can be pushed apart in the above-described manner by means of a tool (stacking aid), without fear of damaging the surface 9.

A bar or rope element 18 that can be used in panels 1 and 2 shown in Fig. 21 is shown in section 22 and 23 in Figs. 22 and 23. It has at least one, preferably two rebates 96 on the side. The rebates 96 cooperate with the projecting projections 95 so as to achieve the desired positive fit.

A groove 97 is provided on the underside of the rod or cord element 18. Consequently, the rod or cord element 18 has two arms which can easily be compressed to a sufficient degree. The insertion of the rod-shaped or cord-like element 18 into the slot provided for this purpose is then extremely simple.

At the bottom, the bar or cord element 18 is tapered in a funnel-like manner. Correspondingly oblique surface areas 98 make the rod or cord element 18 easy to insert into the slot.

The rod-shaped or cord-like element 18 shown in Fig. 22 is made of a relatively hard, yet sufficiently flexible material, for example hard PVC.

The embodiment shown in FIG. 23 should be recommended. The upper region 99 of the rod or cord 18 is made of a relatively soft, flexible material, such as soft PVC, while the lower region is made of a relatively hard material, such as hard PVC. The area made of the harder material ensures that the rod-shaped or cord-like element is very effectively securely embedded between the two panels 1 and 2. The part consisting of the relatively soft area 99 makes the rod or cord-shaped element 18 compressible here too. As a result, the bar or cord element 18 can fully enter the gap between the two panels 1 and 2, even if it is somewhat narrower. The upper region 99 is then seated in a slightly compressed state between the two panels, preventing the ingress of moisture, dust and the like.

Figure 24 shows a body 201 which together with the cover 202 forms a panel. In particular, the recess 200 is for cable routing. Fig. 25 shows a rectangular profile for use on stairs.

In fig. 24, two panels 1 and 2 are shown connected to another panel. The next panel is formed of the body 201 and the cover 202. The cover 202 is positively connected to the body 201. In Fig. 24, the connections between the panels without the cord elements 22 and 18 are reproduced. In the fully folded state, in the illustrated embodiment, cord elements 18 are used. , 22 as shown in Fig. 17.

If the cover 202 fits over the body 201, a channel void 200 is created for the passage of cables or flexible conduits. Shield 202 has snap-on elements 203 on its underside to allow shield 202 to fit snugly onto body 201.

Several bodies 201 are connected on the short or front sides (not shown in Fig. 24) by tongue and groove connections that the individual rebates 200 form a common channel or a common groove. Cables and flexible cables are inserted into the channel or groove thus created

PL 204 287 B1 and others. Shield 202 may be provided on its upper surface with plugs or sockets which connect to the cables. The sockets can then be placed in the middle of the room without any problems, without the need for complicated installation.

The cover 202 is mounted on the body 201 such that it forms a common flat surface 9 with the body 201 and adjacent panels 1 and 2. The surface above the cover 202 is provided with ridges 204. Adjacent to them body 201 has ridges 205.

If the cover shown in Fig. 24 is removed from the body, the recess 200 is accessible from one side, namely from the surface 9. Access to the recess 200 at the surface is limited by protruding, rounded protrusions 205.

The recess 200 includes protruding ridges 206 on which the cover 202 rests when closed. For this purpose, the recess is divided. Sensitive cables can be placed separately from other flexible wires and cables in a dedicated undercut 207 where they are specially protected. Each elevation 206 here serves, therefore, not only as a support for the cover 202, but also as a partition.

In an embodiment, the cables for the power supply are placed in separate areas. In addition, heating or cooling elements are led through the recess 200.

The body 201 and the cover 202 are made of aluminum. The panels 1 and 2 have the same thickness as the body 201. The cover 202 may in turn be an advertising carrier, a wiper, a heating or cooling element, or a lighting element.

Fig. 25 shows a building element 252 intended for forming a staircase. It has an undercut recess 251 on the underside which can also be used for cable routing. It is connected to the panels 1, 2 by means of locking elements 12, 14. The upper surface 9 is provided with ridges 253 to form a non-slip surface in the area of the staircase. Holes 254 may be provided to the side so that the construction element 252 can be firmly bolted to the stairway-shaped substrate.

Claims (22)

A set of building elements for making a floor covering, comprising panels made of wood material which have tongue-and-groove connecting elements, so that when two panels are joined, the panels are positively connected to each other both perpendicular to the common surface and also in parallel to the common surface as well as at the same time perpendicular to the joint, characterized in that the set of elements comprises further panels consisting of a body (201) with recesses (200, 207) for guiding cables or flexible conduits and a cover (202), the cover (202) is connected to the body (201) to close the recess (200, 207), the body (201) having connecting means by means of which, in a connected state, it is positively connected to the panels made of wood material in a joint state. both perpendicular to the common surface (9) and parallel to the common surface (9), and at the same time perpendicular to the common joint y (11), a recess (200, 207) for routing cables or flexible conduits extending from one face of the body (201) to an opposite face of the body (201). 2. Set of building elements according to claim 1. The device of claim 1, characterized in that the cover (202) has on its underside latching means (203) by means of which it is positively secured to the body (201). 3. Set of building elements according to claim 6. A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it comprises at least two bodies (201) with recesses for the passage of cables or flexible conduits, in a state of connection of the two bodies (201), they are connected to each other by a tongue and groove connection and the recesses form a common channel or a common groove. 4. Set of building elements according to claim A joint as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the cover (202) forms a common flat surface (9) with the body (201), the formed surface being provided with protrusions (204, 205). 5. Set of building elements according to claim 1 The recess as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the recess (200, 207) is accessible on one side and the access to the recess at the surface (9) is limited by protruding rounded protrusions (205). PL 204 287 B1 6. Set of building elements according to claim 1 The method of claim 1, characterized in that the recess (200, 207) is accessible from the outside and flares outwards. 7. Set of building elements according to claim 1 The recess as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the recess (200, 207) is accessible from the outside and has an undercut (207) separated from the distal recess by a protruding ridge (206) on which the cover (202) rests in the closed recess. 8. Set of building elements according to claim A device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the body is in the form of a heating or cooling element or comprises heating or cooling elements. 9. Set of building elements according to claim 1 3. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the body (201) and / or the cover (202) are made of metal, in particular aluminum. 10. Set of building elements according to claim 1 A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the thickness of the panels (1, 2) made of the wood material is equal to the thickness of the body (201). 11. Set of building elements according to claim 1. The method of claim 1, characterized in that the recess for routing cables or flexible conduits is divided by a partition (206) into at least two areas (200, 207). 12. Set of building elements according to claim A device according to claim 1, characterized in that it has a cord or rod-shaped element (18, 22, 32) which in the stacked state is positioned between the panels (1, 2, 2a) and / or the body (201) in the associated recess (11, 23). 13. Set of building elements according to claim 12. The method of claim 12, characterized in that the cord or bar-shaped element (18, 22, 32) is wider than the width of the associated recess (11, 23). 14. Set of building elements according to claim 1. 12. The method of claim 12, characterized in that the cord or rod-shaped element (18, 22, 32) is made of a compressible material, in particular Teflon, silicone or rubber. 15. Set of building elements according to claim 1. A carrier according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one panel (1, 2, 2a) comprises a carrier board made of HDF or MDF. 16. Set of building elements according to claim 16. A method as claimed in claim 1 or 12, characterized in that the cord or rod-shaped element (18, 22, 32) has a lateral hook shape. 17. Set of building elements according to claim 1. 12. The method of claim 12, characterized in that the cord or rod-shaped element (18, 22, 32) comprises a thread which is connected to a compressible material, in particular wrapped with a compressible material. 18. Set of building elements according to claim 1. 12. The method as claimed in claim 12, characterized in that the cord or rod-shaped element (18) has an approximately cross-section, preferably longitudinal. 19. Set of building elements according to claim 1 A device as claimed in claim 12, characterized in that the cord or rod-shaped element (18) has an approximately cross-section, tapering to one side and preferably longitudinal. 20. Set of building elements according to claim 1 The method of claim 12, characterized in that the cord or rod-shaped element (18) has a thread, the thread being made of a non-stretchable material, in particular a material based on glass fibers. 21. Set of building elements according to claim 1. The method of claim 12, characterized in that the upper region (99) of the cord or rod-shaped element (18) is made of a relatively soft material and the lower region (100) of a relatively hard material. 22. Set of building elements according to claim 1 12. The device as claimed in claim 12, characterized in that the cord or rod-shaped element (18) has two legs at the bottom, separated by a groove (97).