PL151165B1 - Agent for cleaning metal surfaces - Google Patents

Description

PATENT DESCRIPTION

REPUBLIC

POLAND

Additional patent to patent no. - Pending: ^{87 04 06} Priority - / P. 265031 /

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OFFICE

PATENT

RP

02 18

The application was announced:

Patent description published: 1991 01 31

Creators of the invention: Elżbieta Błachowicz, Marla Pęksa

Authorized by the patent: Institute of Precision Mechanics * Warsaw / Poland /

AGENT FOR CLEANING METAL SURFACES

The subject of the invention is an agent for cleaning metal surfaces, used in particular for cleaning and / or degreasing metal surfaces at low or medium temperatures.

There is known from Polish patent description No. 143 176 an agent for cleaning metal surfaces containing an alkali metal or alkali metal hydroxide or ammonium * alkali metal or alkali metal metasilicate and / or alkali metal or alkali metal tripolyphosphate in a total amount of 75 to 90 parts by weight e * gluconate 5 to 12 parts by weight of alkali metal or alkali metal gluconates e * tetrasodium and / or tetrapotassium and / or other alkali metal salt or ammonium salt of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid in an amount of up to 3 parts by weight and a set of four surfactants in an amount of 3 to 10 parts by weight * containing as the first compound a set of ethylene oxide adducts to an alkylphenol with a cloud point of about 35 ° C * as a second compound of a set of ethoxylated fatty acid amides with a cloud point of about 30 ° C * as a third compound of a set of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide adducts with a temperature of cloudiness of about 22 ° C and as a fourth compound of the block polymers of ethylene oxide and propylene with a cloud point of about 29 ° C * where the ratio of the first to second to third to fourth compounds is 5: 3: 1: 1 by weight. The known agent is used in kennels up to 40 ° C at high pH values, it shows the greatest cleaning activity at 35 C - at a pH above 11.

The necessity to remove difficult-to-melt residues of seized lubricants from metal surfaces, which is common in the industry, also requires a higher temperature of 50-60 ° C. Increasing the temperature of a washing bath prepared on the basis of a known agent causes the decomposition of some surfactants. The table shows a comparison of the properties of the agent according to the invention with the agent known from the Polish patent description No. 143 176.

151 165

151 165

Table

Patent No. _r or ₍ application i. And the essence of the technical solution

There is synergy in terms of cleaning efficiency and low foam

Comparison with patent 143 176

Patent 143 176 agent for cleaning metal surfaces *

Set of 4 SPCs in strictly defined proportions: 5: 3: 1: 1 first compound: adducts of ethylene oxide to alkylphenol with a cloud point of 35 ° C second compound: ethoxylated fatty acid amides with a cloud point of 30 ° C third compound: adducts ethylene and propylene oxide to alkylphenol with a cloud point of 22 ° C fourth compound: block polymers of ethylene and propylene oxide with a cloud point of 29 ° C agent for

3SPC set in the proportions of 2 to 4: 4 for cleaning metal surfaces according to the invention: 0.5 to 2, preferably 3: 6: 1 first compound: ethylene oxide adducts to alkylphenol with a cloud point of 35 ° C second compound: propylene oxide block polymers and ethylene with a cloud point of 75 ° C in 10% NaCl third compound: ethoxylated fatty acid amides with a cloud point of 55 ° C in 10% NaCl at the following temperature 20-40 ° C, especially 35 ° C pH 11 and above tamp. 20-60 ° C ¹ especially 40-60 ° C pH 11 and above very high concentration ¹

l. the most effective washing is achieved at 40-60 ° C, in which the SPC temperature contained in patent 143 176 underwent partial decomposition

2 * SPC set is resistant to high temperatures with high pH and high concentration of the clump at the same time

The aim of the invention is to develop an agent for cleaning and / or degreasing metal surfaces, which is most effective at temperatures of 20-60 ° C, especially 40-60 ° C, intended mainly for making clumps with high pH values - about 11 and above and high concentrations, ensuring good cleaning of details with a high degree of soiling - e.g. in repair shops

The object of the invention is to provide an agent containing such a set of surfactants which would be resistant to high pH values and high concentration of the clump at

temperature up to 60 C.

an agent for cleaning metal surfaces according to the invention, containing an alkali metal or alkali metal or ammonium hydroxide and / or an alkali metal or alkali metal or ammonium carbonate and / or an alkali metal or alkali metal metasilicate and / or an alkali metal or alkali metal phosphate and / or tetraborate alkali metal in a total amount of 50 to 90 parts by weight and alkali metal or alkali metal gluconates up to 50 parts by weight, tetrasodium and / or tetrapotassium and / or another alkali metal salt or ammonium salt of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid in an amount up to 5 parts by weight and / or the kerosene is derived from the distillation of paraffinic crude oil with a distillation temperature in the range of 165-310 C to 3 parts by weight and the mixture of surface-active compounds is characterized in that it contains a set of three non-ionic surfactants in an amount from 3 to 30 parts by weight containing adducts from 6 up to 9 moles of ethylene oxide to octyl- or nonylphenol with a cloud point of about 35 ° C - in water, block polymers of propylene and ethylene oxides with a molar ratio of oxides of 1: 5.5, respectively, and a cloud point of about 75 ° C - in a 10% aqueous solution NaCl and ethoxylated fatty acid amides in the amount of 32-35 moles of ethylene oxides, Cg-Cg carbon chain length and

A cloud point of about 55 ° C - in a 10% aqueous NaCl solution, the quantitative ratio of the first to second to third compounds being 2 to 4: 4 to 7: 0.5 to 2 by weight, preferably 3: 6: 1 by weight.

A specific set of three nonionic surfactants according to the invention has a well-defined cloud point depending on the mutual ratio of the compounds present in the system within the limits defined by the invention.

The cloud point is directly related to the activity of the agent. Non-ionic detergents decrease their solubility in water as they are heated. At a certain temperature, characteristic for individual compounds, the solubility limit is reached, the second phase, richer in detergent, is separated and the solution becomes cloudy. The surfactant shows optimal performance near the cloud point; this efficiency decreases when the cloud point is significantly higher than the operating temperature of the bath containing the detergent.

The three surfactants used in the proportions according to the invention show a clear interaction with a positive synergetic effect in the temperature range 20-60 ° C, especially 40-60 C. The set of three non-ionic surfactants is very resistant to high alkalinity in the bath and is intended for it is mainly for operation at pH ^ II. the agent is used especially for cleaning details with a significant degree of soiling - e.g. in renovation plants, with a bath concentration in the range of 20-60 g / 1 the agent is used especially for washing steel and cast iron, by spraying or immersion

The agent according to the invention removes oil, grease and coolants, polishing pastes, flame-retardant residues of seized lubricants, etc.The agent can be used in a washing bath of low or medium temperature with washing within the range of 20-60 C. It brings significant energy savings compared to traditional baths used at a temperature of 70-90 ° C A bath based on the agent according to the invention has a longer service life compared to known alkaline baths. The washing bath is prepared by mixing the agent with water in the proportion of 20-80 g / 1 water. in embodiments

Example I · Dissolve in 1 1 of water 50 g of the agent having the following composition.

in parts by weight:

sodium hydroxide 28.0 sodium carbonate 14.5 sodium matasilicate 32.0 sodium gluconate 15.0 tetrasodium salt of edetic acid 3.0 kerosene - cleaner Antykor 2.5 o

adducts of 8 moles of ethylene oxide to octylphenol with a cloud point of 34 ° C in water 1.5;

block polymers of propylene and ethylene oxides with a molar ratio of oxides of respectively o

1: 5.5 and a cloud point of 73 ° C - in a 10% aqueous solution of NaCl 3.0;

ethoxylated fatty acid amides with 32 moles of ethylene oxides, the length of the carbon chain C -C_ and the cloud point of 52 ° C - in 10% aqueous solution of NaCl 0.5

8

Spray washing was carried out at a temperature of 40-45 C of the elements of the renovated bus engines - engine heads, oil sumps, crankshaft - for about 10 minutes under a spray pressure of about 0.3 MPa. Then the elements were rinsed with water under a pressure of about 0.3 MPa during about 3 minutes · Well-washed parts of the repaired engines were obtained, which were then subjected to repair processes ·

Example II: Dissolve 70 g of a washing agent with the following composition in 1 liter of water, in parts by weight:

sodium hydroxide 22.5 aodium carbonate 16.0 sodium silicate 29.0 sodium tripolyphosphate 22.5 o

9 minor adducts of ethylene oxide to nonylphenol with a cloud point of 35 C 3.0;

block polymers of propylene and ethylene oxides with a molar ratio of oxides of respectively 1: 5.5 and a cloud point of 75 ° C - in a 10% aqueous solution of NaCl 5.5;

ethoxylated fatty acid amides of 34 moles of ethylene oxides, length

151 165 carbon chain C -Cq and cloud point 54 ° C - in a 10% aqueous solution of NaCl 1.5 ·

The immersion-pulse washing of small elements from the disassembly of agricultural machinery engines, intended for major overhaul, was carried out at the temperature of a washing bath of 50 ° C - 60 ° C for 15 minutes. After rinsing with water and drying, well-washed elements were obtained.

Claims (1)

Claimed metal surface cleaner containing an alkali metal or alkali metal or ammonium hydroxide and / or an alkali metal or alkali metal or ammonium carbonate and / or alkali metal or alkali metal metasilicate and / or alkali metal or alkali metal phosphates and / or alkali metal tetraborate in a total amount from 50 to 90 parts by weight and alkali metal gluconates or alkali metal gluconates in an amount up to 50 parts by weight, tetrasodium and / or tetra potassium and / or other alkali metal salt or ammonium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid in an amount up to 5 parts by weight and / or a kerosene derived from the distillation of paraffinic crude oil with a distillation temperature in the range 185-310 ° C up to 3 parts by weight and a surfactant mixture comprising a set of three nonionic surfactants in an amount of 3 to 30 parts by weight containing adducts from 8d o 9 moles of ethylene oxide to octyl- or nonylphenol with a cloud point of about 35 ° C - in water, block polymers of propylene and ethylene oxides with a molar ratio of oxides of 1: 5.5, respectively, and a cloud point of about 75 ° C - in a 10% aqueous solution NaCl and ethoxylated fatty acid amides with an amount of 32 - 35 moles of ethylene oxides, carbon chain length Cg-C _g and a cloud point of about 55 ° C - in a 10% aqueous NaCl solution, the ratio of the first to the second compound to the third is 2 by weight to 4: 4 to 7: 0.5 to 2, preferably 3: 6: 1. Department of Publishing of the UP RP. Circulation 100 copies Price: PLN 3,000