PL13616B1 - The method of obtaining activated carbon. - Google Patents
The method of obtaining activated carbon. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- PL13616B1 PL13616B1 PL13616A PL1361629A PL13616B1 PL 13616 B1 PL13616 B1 PL 13616B1 PL 13616 A PL13616 A PL 13616A PL 1361629 A PL1361629 A PL 1361629A PL 13616 B1 PL13616 B1 PL 13616B1
- Authority
- PL
- Poland
- Prior art keywords
- pores
- activated carbon
- raw material
- obtaining activated
- carbon
- Prior art date
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 159000000007 calcium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 claims 1
- ZPASVUMRABTMHI-UHFFFAOYSA-E nonasodium;triphosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O ZPASVUMRABTMHI-UHFFFAOYSA-E 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001476 alcoholic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001311 chemical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000011389 fruit/vegetable juice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- HWGNBUXHKFFFIH-UHFFFAOYSA-I pentasodium;[oxido(phosphonatooxy)phosphoryl] phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O HWGNBUXHKFFFIH-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019832 sodium triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002916 wood waste Substances 0.000 description 1
Description
Odpadki drzewne jak trociny, myty torf lub podobne materjaly przetarte na jednolita mase w postaci drobnej maczki poddaje sie fermentacji, a mianowicie: za¬ sypuje sie maka, np. zytnia w stosunku od dwóch do czterech procent na wage trocin, zlewa sie odpowiednia iloscia wody i o- grzewa sie przez kilka godzin, nastepnie studzi sie do 25°C i wreszcie zalewa sie mlekiem poddanem odwirowaniu do 2% na wage calkowitej mieszaniny i pozosta¬ wia sie dla fermentacji na kilka dni. Naj¬ pierw powstaja fermentacje mleczna i spi¬ rytusowa i ostatecznie konczy sie octowa.Celem fermentacji jest usuniecie powie¬ trza z porów drzewnika i wypelnienie ich kwasami organicznemi. Czesc powietrza usuwa sie przy bezposredniem nagrzewa¬ niu trocin para, reszta zas pozostalego powietrza usuwa sie wskutek zuzycia tle¬ nu przez mikroorganizmy fermentacyjne.Powietrze musi byc usuniete z porów drzewnika jak: najdokladniej zeby dac miejsce na kwasy organiczne oraz zeby tlen z porów drzewnika nie wspomagal spalania podczas destylacji (w przeciw¬ nym razie otrzymuje sie wegiel o wysokiej zawartosci popiolu), Przef ermentowany produkt zalewa sie mlekiem wapiennem o gestosci 25°Be, które wstepuje w proces chemiczny z kwasami organicznemi w po¬ rach drzewnika, zapelniajac je solami wa-piennemi tych kwasów, dla otrzymania jak najwiecej porowatego wegla. Sprepa¬ rowany tym sposobem produkt poddaje sie suchej destylacji przy temperaturze okolo 600°C.Otrzymany wegiel miele sie, przemywa goraca woda, nierozpuszczalne w wodzie sole wapienne rozklada sie kwasem sol¬ nym w mieszadlach drewnianych i osta¬ tecznie wegiel przemywa sie woda w blotniarkach drewnianych, suszy sie pa- ra i nasyca sie trójfosioranem sodu Na^ P04. Nasycony wegiel ostatecznie wy¬ susza sie w specjalnych suszarniach pod próznia. Otrzymany tym sposobem wegiel prócz znacznej sily odbarwiajacej zyskuje wlasnosci pochlaniania soli wapiennych, co ma szczególne znaczenie w cukrownic¬ twie przy oczyszczaniu soków cukrowych, które pozwala otrzymywac w stanie bar¬ dzo czystym. PLWood waste, such as sawdust, washed peat or similar materials, rubbed into a homogeneous mass in the form of fine flour is fermented, namely: flour is sprinkled, e.g. rye, in a ratio of two to four percent of the weight of sawdust, and the appropriate amount of water is poured off and heated for several hours, then cooled to 25.degree. C. and finally covered with centrifuged milk to 2% by weight of the total mixture and left to ferment for several days. First, milky and alcoholic fermentations arise and finally the acetic acid ends. The purpose of fermentation is to remove the air from the pores of the tree and fill them with organic acids. Part of the air is removed by the direct heating of the sawdust by steam, and the rest of the remaining air is removed by the consumption of oxygen by the fermentation microorganisms. The air must be removed from the pores of the tree, as precisely as possible to allow room for organic acids and to prevent oxygen from the pores of the tree. it supports combustion during distillation (otherwise, coal with a high ash content is obtained), The fermented product is poured with lime milk with a density of 25 ° Be, which undergoes a chemical process with organic acids in the woodlands, filling them with salt - foaming these acids to obtain as much porous carbon as possible. The product prepared in this way is subjected to dry distillation at a temperature of about 600 ° C. The obtained coal is ground, washed with hot water, the water-insoluble lime salts are decomposed with hydrochloric acid in wooden mixers, and the coal is finally washed with water in mills. wooden, it is steam-dried and saturated with sodium triphosphate Na2PO4. The saturated carbon is finally dried in special dryers under vacuum. The carbon obtained in this way, apart from its considerable decolorizing power, acquires the property of absorbing calcium salts, which is of particular importance in the sugar industry in the purification of sugar juices, which allows it to be obtained in a very pure state. PL
Claims (1)
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| PL13616B1 true PL13616B1 (en) | 1931-05-30 |
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