PL126730B1 - Mine-type nitroglycerin-based explosive hardly deflegrating under high water pressure - Google Patents

Mine-type nitroglycerin-based explosive hardly deflegrating under high water pressure Download PDF

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PL126730B1
PL126730B1 PL19689477A PL19689477A PL126730B1 PL 126730 B1 PL126730 B1 PL 126730B1 PL 19689477 A PL19689477 A PL 19689477A PL 19689477 A PL19689477 A PL 19689477A PL 126730 B1 PL126730 B1 PL 126730B1
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Poland
Prior art keywords
weight
nitroglycerin
amount
under high
nitroglycol
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PL19689477A
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Polish (pl)
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PL196894A1 (en
Inventor
Marian Ambrozek
Zygmunt Borosz
Jan Guga
Piotr Hermanowicz
Kornel Wrzesinski
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Zaklady Tworzyw Sztucznych Nit
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Priority to PL19689477A priority Critical patent/PL126730B1/en
Publication of PL196894A1 publication Critical patent/PL196894A1/en
Publication of PL126730B1 publication Critical patent/PL126730B1/en

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Przedmiotem wynalazku jest material wybuchowy górniczy nitroglicerynowy trudnodeflagrujacy pod wysokim cisnieniem wody. Material wedlug wynalazku znajduje zastosowanie w szczególnosci do urabiania wegla w kopalniach podziemnych przez dokonanie odstrzalu materialu wedlug wynalazku umieszczonego w otworze strzelniczym wykonanym w caliznie wegla i poddanego w tym otworze dzialaniu wysokiego cisnienia wody.Material wybuchowy górniczy trudnodeflagrujacy pod wysokim cisnieniem wody znany z polskiego opisu patentowego Nr 74 589 sklada sie z mieszaniny nitrogliceryny i nitroglikolu w ilosci 33,5% do 34,5% wagowych, bawelny kolodionowej w ilosci 0,9 do 1,3% wagowych, saletry amonowej o powierzchni wlasciwej 225 do 300 cm2/g w ilosci 14 do 15% wagowych, siarczanu baru o powierzchni wlasciwej 400 do 500 cm2 /g w ilosci 9,0 do 10,5% wagowych, weglanu wapnia o powierzchni wlasciwej 900 do 1000 cm2/g w ilosci 0,2 do 0,4% wago¬ wych, centralitu II o powierzchni wlasciwej 5500 do 6500 cm2/g w ilosci 0,4 do 0,6% wagowych oraz chlorku sodu o powierzchni wlasciwej 100—150 cm2/g w ilosci 39 do 45% wagowych.Wada znanego materialu jest waski zakres rozwiniecia powierzchni wlasciwych poszczególnych jego sklad¬ ników, w którym rozdrobnienie to nadaje materialowi wlasciwosci antydeflagracyjne pod wysokim cisnieniem wody. Powoduje to duze utrudnienie w wytwarzaniu materialu na skale przemyslowa polegajace na koniecznosci odsiewania zadanych frakcji i wielokrotnego mielenia tych skladników.Maczka guarowa jest znanym srodkiem hydrofobizujacym i dodawana jest do materialów wybuchowych amonowo-saletrzanych, to jest zawierajacych do 8% nitrogliceryny albo mieszaniny nitrogliceryny i nitroglikolu, dla uodpornienia ich na dzialanie wody. Podobne wlasnosci hydrofobizujace posiadaja weglowodory parafinowe, które dodane do materialu wybuchowego amonowo-saletrzanego poprawiaja jego odpornosc na dzialanie wody.Materialy wybuchowe nitroglicerynowe, to jest zawierajace powyzej 18% wagowych nitrogliceryny albo miesza¬ niny nitrogliceryny i nitroglikolu sa wodoodporne. Swoja wodoodpornosc zawdzieczaja zelatynie utworzonej z nitrogliceryny i nitrocelulozy, której zawartosc w materiale nitrogjicerynowym przekracza 18,5% wagowych.Materialy wybuchowe nitroglicerynowe przetrzymywane pod wysokim cisnieniem wody a nastepnie odstrzeliwa-2 126730 ne splonka nr 8 nie detonuja a deflagruja spalajac sie z predkoscia co najmniej 50 razy mniej^a niz predkosc detonacji tych samych materialów nie przetrzymywanych w wodzie pod wysokim cisnieniem.Istota wynalazku jest wykorzystanie nieoczekiwanego odkrycia, ze weglowodory parafinowe dzialaja synergicznie w stosunku do maczki guarowej nadajac materialom wybuchowym nitrogHcerynowym zawierajacym maczke guarowa wlasnosci antydeflagracyjne.Objawia sie to brakiem deflagracji przy odstrzeliwaniu naboi w otoczeniu wody pod cisnieniem okolo 10 MPa, przy praktycznie niezmienionej wodoodpomosct materialu mierzonej przyrostem wagi naboju po jedno¬ godzinnym skladowaniu pod woda przy wysokosci slupa wody 1 m, albo po jednogodzinnym przetrzymywaniu w wodzie pod cisnieniem 10 MPa. Odporny na defiagracje pod wysokim cisnieniem wody jest tylko taki material, zawierajacy w niewielkich ilosciach maczke guarowa i weglowodory parafinowe, który jednoczesnie zawiera co najmniej 28% wagowych nitrogliceryny i/lub nitroglikolu zzelatynizowanych bawelna kdlodionowa. Dolny próg zawartosci nitrogliceryny i/lub nitroglikolu w materiale wybuchowym obniza sie do 25% wagowych, jezeli obok maczki guarowej i weglowodorów parafinowych material zawiera równiez niewielka ilosc alkalicznych soli kwa¬ sów tluszczowych. Rozdrobnienie maczki guarowej i soli alkalicznych kwasów tluszczowych ma tylko nie¬ znaczny wplyw na wlasciwosci antydeflagracyjne materialu.Material wedlug wynalazku zawiera nitrogliceryne i/lub mieszaniny nitrogliceryny i nitroglikolu w ilosci powyzej 28% wagowych, nitroceluloze w ilosci da 2,5% wagowych, saletre amonowa w ilosci 10 do 40% wago¬ wych, chlorek sodowy w ilosci 25 do 50% wagowych, maczke guarowa w ilosci do 2,5% wagowych i weglowodo¬ ry parafinowe o co najmniej 16 atomach wegla w czasteczce w ilosci do 5% wagowych.Material wybuchowy wedlug wynalazku nabojowany w oslonki papierowe parafinowane, przetrzymywany w wodzie pod cisnieniem 10 MPa przez okres powyzej 1 godziny i odstrzeliwany splonka Nr 8 detonuje calkowi* de bez sladu deflagracji i przenosi detonacje na odleglosc co najmniej 3 cm.Inny material wedlug wynalazku zawiera nitrogliceryne albo mieszanine nitrogliceryny i nitroglikolu w ilosci powyzej 25% wagowych, nitroceluloze w ilosci do 2,5% wagowych, saletre amonowa w ilosci 10 do 40% wagowych, chlorek sodowy w ilosci 25 do 50% wagowych, maczke guarowa w ilosci do 2,5% wagowych w cza¬ steczce do 5,0% wagowych i sole alkaliczne kwasów tluszczowych w ilosci do 2,5% wagowych, weglowodory parafinowe Clfl w ilosci 5%.Inny material wybuchowy wedlug wynalazku nabojowany w oslonki z papieru parafinowanego przetrzy¬ mywany w wodzie pod cisnieniem 10 MPa przez okres powyzej 1 godziny i odstrzeliwany splonka Nr 8 detonuje calkowicie bez sladów deflagracji i przenosi detonacje na odleglosc powyzej 3 cm.Materialy wedlug wynalazku przedstawiono w ponizszych przykladach.Przyklad I.Do wanny mieszalnika wlano 30 kg mieszaniny nitrogliceryny i nitroglikolu w stosunku 1:1, wsypano 1 kg nitrocelulozy i ostroznie mieszano az do zzelowania. Nastepnie dodano 39 kg chlorku sodowego, 28 kg saletry, 1 kg gaczu barizolowego, 0,5 kg maczki guarowej i calosc mieszano az do uzyskania jednorodnej mieszaniny.Otrzymany material wybuchowy nabojowano do oslonek papierowydi parafinowanych o4rednicy 32 mm i wadze 150 g. Naboje wlozono do rury stalowej i wtloczono wode pod cisnieniem 10 megapaskali. Po 3 godzi¬ nach skladowania w tych warunkach naboje detonowaly calkowicie bez oznak deflagracji i przenosily detonacje na odleglosc 3 cm. Dla porównania wykonano i nabojowano material w sposób i o skladzie jak wyzej ale bez maczki guarowej. Material ten po trzech godzinach przetrzymywania w wodzie pod cisnieniem 10 MPa nie detonowal a spalal sie z predkoscia okolo 200 m/sek.Przyklad II.Wykonano material jak w przykladzie I z ta róznica, ze zawartosc mieszaniny nitrogliceryny i nitroglikolu wynosila 27% wagowych i ze dodano 0,5 kg gaczu barizolowego i 0,5 kg stearynianu wapniowego. Material detonowal calkowicie bez oznak deflagracji po 4 godzinach skladowania w wodzie pod cisnieniem 10 MPa i przenosil detonacje na odleglosc 3 cm.Zastrzezenia patentowe 1. Material wybuchowy górniczy nitroglicerynowy trudnodeflagrujacy pod wysokim cisnieniem wody zawierajacy nitrogliceryne i/lub nitroglikol, nitroceluloze, saletre amonowa i chlorek sodowy, znamienny t y m, ze zawiera maczke guarowa w ilosd do 2,5% wagowych, weglowodory parafinowe o co najmniej 16 atomach wegla w czasteczce w ilosd do 5,0%, nitrogliceryne i/lub nitroglikol w ilosd powyzej 28% wagowych, nitroceluloze w ilosd do 2,5% wagowych, saletre amonowa w ilosd od 10 do 40% wagowych i chlorek sodowy wilosd od 25 do 50 czesci wagowych.126730 3 2. Material w6uchowy górniczy nitroglicerynowy trudnodeflagrujacy pod wysokim cisnieniem wody, zawierajacy nitrogliceryne i/lub nitroglikol, nitroceluloze, saletre amonowa i chlorek sodowy, znamienny tym, ze zawiera naczke guarowa w ilosci do 2,5% wagowych, weglowodory parafinowe o co najmniej 16 atomach wegla w czmeczce w ilosci do 5,0% wagowych, sole alkaliczne kwasów tluszczowych w ilosci do 2,5% wagowych, nitrogliceryne i/lub nitroglikol w ilosci powyzej 25% wagowych, nitroceluloze w ilosci do 2,5% wagowych, saletre ayhonowa w ilosci od 10 do 40% wagowych i chlorek sodowy w ilosci od 25 do 50% wago¬ wych. PLThe subject of the invention is nitroglycerin mining explosive which is difficult to deflate under high water pressure. The material according to the invention is used in particular for the mining of coal in underground mines by shooting the material according to the invention placed in a blast hole made in the body of coal and subjected to high water pressure in this hole. Mining explosive difficult to deflate under high water pressure known from the Polish patent description No. 74 589 consists of a mixture of nitroglycerin and nitroglycol in the amount of 33.5% to 34.5% by weight, collodion cotton in the amount of 0.9 to 1.3% by weight, ammonium nitrate with a specific surface of 225 to 300 cm2 / g in the amount of 14 up to 15% by weight, barium sulphate with a specific surface area of 400 to 500 cm2 / g in an amount of 9.0 to 10.5% by weight, calcium carbonate with a specific surface area of 900 to 1000 cm2 / g in an amount of 0.2 to 0.4% by weight , centralit II with a specific surface area of 5500 to 6500 cm2 / g in the amount of 0.4 to 0.6% by weight and sodium chloride with a specific surface area of 100-150 cm2 / g in the amount of 39 to 45% by weight. Defect of the known mats Erialium is the narrow range of development of the surface properties of its individual components, in which this fragmentation gives the material anti-deflagration properties under high water pressure. This causes a great difficulty in the production of the material on an industrial scale, due to the need to sieve the desired fractions and grind these components many times. Guar flour is a known hydrophobizing agent and is added to ammonium nitrate explosives, i.e. containing up to 8% nitroglycerin and nitroglycerin mixtures to make them resistant to water. Similar hydrophobicizing properties are possessed by paraffin hydrocarbons, which, when added to the ammonium nitrate explosives, improve its resistance to water. Nitroglycerin explosives, that is, those containing more than 18% by weight of nitroglycerin or nitroglycerin and nitroglycol mixtures are waterproof. Their water resistance is due to gelatin made of nitroglycerin and nitrocellulose, the content of which in the nitroglycerin material exceeds 18.5% by weight. Nitroglycerin explosives are kept under high water pressure and then shoots-2 126730 ne flap no. 50 times lower than the detonation velocity of the same materials not held in water under high pressure. The essence of the invention is to exploit the unexpected discovery that paraffinic hydrocarbons act synergistically with guar flour, giving nitroghcerin explosives containing guar flour lacking antidepressant properties. deflagration when firing cartridges in the vicinity of water under a pressure of about 10 MPa, with practically unchanged water resistance of the material, measured by the increase in weight of the cartridge after one-hour storage under water at a water column height of 1 m, or after one hour m with keeping in water at a pressure of 10 MPa. Only a material containing small amounts of guar flour and paraffin hydrocarbons, which simultaneously contains at least 28% by weight of nitroglycerin and / or nitroglycol gelatinized cdlodione cotton, is resistant to deformation under high water pressure. The lower threshold for the content of nitroglycerin and / or nitroglycol in the explosive is reduced to 25% by weight if, in addition to guar flour and paraffin hydrocarbons, the material also contains a small amount of alkaline fatty acid salts. The grinding of guar flour and alkali salts of fatty acids has only a minor effect on the anti-deflagration properties of the material. The material according to the invention contains nitroglycerin and / or mixtures of nitroglycerin and nitroglycol in an amount exceeding 28% by weight, nitrocellulose in an amount of 2.5% by weight, ammonium nitrate in an amount of 10 to 40% by weight, sodium chloride in an amount of 25 to 50% by weight, guar flour up to 2.5% by weight and paraffin hydrocarbons with at least 16 carbon atoms in the molecule up to 5% by weight. Explosive material according to the invention, cartridged in paraffinated paper casings, kept in water under a pressure of 10 MPa for a period of more than 1 hour and blown off fluff No. 8 detonates completely without a trace of deflagration and transfers detonations to a distance of at least 3 cm. Another material according to the invention contains nitroglycerin or a mixture of nitroglycerin and nitroglycol in an amount over 25% by weight, nitrocellulose up to 2.5% by weight, ammonium nitrate 10 to 40% by weight, sodium chloride 25 to 50% by weight, guar flour up to 2.5% by weight in the molecule up to 5.0% by weight and alkaline salts of fatty acids up to 2.5% % by weight, paraffinic hydrocarbons Clfl in the amount of 5%. Another explosive according to the invention, cartridges in paraffinized paper casings, held in water at a pressure of 10 MPa for a period of more than 1 hour, and the firing of the spill No. 8 detonates completely without traces of deflagration and transfers the detonation to distance greater than 3 cm. The materials according to the invention are shown in the following examples. Example 1 30 kg of a 1: 1 mixture of nitroglycerin and nitroglycol were poured into the mixing tub, 1 kg of nitrocellulose was poured and carefully mixed until gelled. Then 39 kg of sodium chloride, 28 kg of saltpetre, 1 kg of barisole slack, 0.5 kg of guar flour were added and the whole was mixed until a homogeneous mixture was obtained. The resulting explosive was loaded into paper and paraffinized casings 32 mm in diameter and weighing 150 g. a steel pipe and water was pumped in at a pressure of 10 Megapascals. After 3 hours of storage under these conditions, the cartridges detonated with no signs of deflagration and transferred detonations to a distance of 3 cm. For comparison, the material was made and filled in the same way and with the composition as above, but without guar flour. After three hours of being kept in water under a pressure of 10 MPa, this material did not detonate and burned at a speed of about 200 m / sec. Example II. The material was made as in example I with the difference that the content of the mixture of nitroglycerin and nitroglycol was 27% by weight and that 0.5 kg of barisole slack and 0.5 kg of calcium stearate were added. The material detonated completely without any signs of deflagration after 4 hours of storage in water at a pressure of 10 MPa and transferred detonations to a distance of 3 cm. sodium, characterized in that it contains guar flour in an amount up to 2.5% by weight, paraffinic hydrocarbons with at least 16 carbon atoms in the molecule up to 5.0%, nitroglycerin and / or nitroglycol in an amount above 28% by weight, nitrocellulose in amount up to 2.5% by weight, ammonium nitrate in the amount from 10 to 40% by weight and sodium chloride moisture from 25 to 50 parts by weight. nitrocellulose, ammonium nitrate and sodium chloride, characterized by the fact that it contains guar leaf in an amount up to 2.5% by weight, hydrocarbons, steam fines with at least 16 carbon atoms in the dust up to 5.0% by weight, alkali salts of fatty acids up to 2.5% by weight, nitroglycerin and / or nitroglycol in an amount over 25% by weight, nitrocellulose up to 2.5% % by weight, acrylate saltpetre in an amount from 10 to 40% by weight and sodium chloride in an amount from 25 to 50% by weight. PL

Claims (2)

Zastrzezenia patentowe 1. Material wybuchowy górniczy nitroglicerynowy trudnodeflagrujacy pod wysokim cisnieniem wody zawierajacy nitrogliceryne i/lub nitroglikol, nitroceluloze, saletre amonowa i chlorek sodowy, znamienny t y m, ze zawiera maczke guarowa w ilosd do 2,5% wagowych, weglowodory parafinowe o co najmniej 16 atomach wegla w czasteczce w ilosd do 5,0%, nitrogliceryne i/lub nitroglikol w ilosd powyzej 28% wagowych, nitroceluloze w ilosd do 2,5% wagowych, saletre amonowa w ilosd od 10 do 40% wagowych i chlorek sodowy wilosd od 25 do 50 czesci wagowych.126730 3Claims 1. Nitroglycerin mining explosive, difficult to deflate under high water pressure, containing nitroglycerine and / or nitroglycol, nitrocellulose, ammonium nitrate and sodium chloride, characterized in that it contains guar flour in an amount of up to 2.5% by weight, paraffin hydrocarbons of at least 16 carbon atoms in the molecule up to 5.0%, nitroglycerin and / or nitroglycol at more than 28% by weight, nitrocellulose up to 2.5% by weight, ammonium nitrate at an amount from 10 to 40% by weight and sodium chloride in an amount from 25 up to 50 parts by weight 126730 3 2. Material w6uchowy górniczy nitroglicerynowy trudnodeflagrujacy pod wysokim cisnieniem wody, zawierajacy nitrogliceryne i/lub nitroglikol, nitroceluloze, saletre amonowa i chlorek sodowy, znamienny tym, ze zawiera naczke guarowa w ilosci do 2,5% wagowych, weglowodory parafinowe o co najmniej 16 atomach wegla w czmeczce w ilosci do 5,0% wagowych, sole alkaliczne kwasów tluszczowych w ilosci do 2,5% wagowych, nitrogliceryne i/lub nitroglikol w ilosci powyzej 25% wagowych, nitroceluloze w ilosci do 2,5% wagowych, saletre ayhonowa w ilosci od 10 do 40% wagowych i chlorek sodowy w ilosci od 25 do 50% wago¬ wych. PL2. Nitroglycerin mining material, difficult to deflate under high water pressure, containing nitroglycerine and / or nitroglycol, nitrocellulose, ammonium nitrate and sodium chloride, characterized by containing guar in the amount of up to 2.5% by weight, paraffin hydrocarbons of at least 16 atoms carbon in the amount of up to 5.0% by weight, alkaline salts of fatty acids up to 2.5% by weight, nitroglycerin and / or nitroglycol in the amount over 25% by weight, nitrocellulose up to 2.5% by weight, ayhon saltpetre in from 10 to 40% by weight and sodium chloride in an amount from 25 to 50% by weight. PL
PL19689477A 1977-03-23 1977-03-23 Mine-type nitroglycerin-based explosive hardly deflegrating under high water pressure PL126730B1 (en)

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