PL116288B2 - Method of removing the petroleum and its products from the surface of water and aqueous wastes - Google Patents

Method of removing the petroleum and its products from the surface of water and aqueous wastes Download PDF

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Publication number
PL116288B2
PL116288B2 PL1979214906A PL21490679A PL116288B2 PL 116288 B2 PL116288 B2 PL 116288B2 PL 1979214906 A PL1979214906 A PL 1979214906A PL 21490679 A PL21490679 A PL 21490679A PL 116288 B2 PL116288 B2 PL 116288B2
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PL
Poland
Prior art keywords
products
water
crude oil
oil
sewage
Prior art date
Application number
PL1979214906A
Other languages
Polish (pl)
Other versions
PL214906A1 (en
Inventor
Marek Koba
Jerzy Kanarek
Danuta Guban
Wlodzimierz Slawuta
Wlodzimierz Wichowski
Andrzej Borzemski
Original Assignee
Zaklad Badawczo Doswiadczalny
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Application filed by Zaklad Badawczo Doswiadczalny filed Critical Zaklad Badawczo Doswiadczalny
Priority to PL1979214906A priority Critical patent/PL116288B2/en
Publication of PL214906A1 publication Critical patent/PL214906A1/xx
Publication of PL116288B2 publication Critical patent/PL116288B2/en

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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/20Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
    • Y02A20/204Keeping clear the surface of open water from oil spills

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  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
  • Water Treatment By Sorption (AREA)

Description

Przedmiotem wynalazku jest sposób usuwania ropy naftowej i jej produktów z powierzchni wody i scie¬ ków. Intensywne stosowanie ropy naftowej i jej produktów w procesach chemicznych, motoryzacji i energetycejest podstawowa przyczyna zanieczyszczenia srodowiska w postaci rozlewisk ropy naftowej lubjej produktów na wodach morskich, kanalach portowych jak równiez w postaci zanieczyszczen tymi substan¬ cjami scieków przemyslowych i komunalnych. Ponadto zanieczyszczanie wód morskich ropa naftowa nastepuje w wyniku samoczynnego podwodnego wytrysku ropy naftowej lub wycieków ropy naftowej z otworów wiertniczych pod woda.Znanychjest szereg sposobów oczyszczania wody i scieków z ropy naftowej i jej produktów. Najbardziej zblizonym do wynalazku jest sposób polegajacy na stosowaniu rozdrobnionego bentonitu. Srodkiem tym napelnia sie worki wykonane z materialu latwo rozpuszczajacego sie w wodzie, które z kolei rozrzuca sie po powierzchni rozlewiska ropy naftowej lub jej produktów recznie lub mechanicznie.Sposób ten ma te wade, ze stosowany mineral ma ciezar objetosciowy wielokrotnie wiekszy od ciezaru objetosciowego wody, ropy nafatowej lubjej produktów, wwyniku czego po pobraniu tych substancji opada na dno akwenu wodnego. Inna wada tego sposobujest stosunkowo mala absorpcja tak, ze ropa naftowa lub jej produkty po pewnym czasie moga ponownie wydostac sie na powierzchnie wody. Ponadto przy stosowa¬ niu tego sposobu nie ma mozliwosci odzyskania usunietej z powierzchni wody ropy naftowej.Inny sposób polega na opylaniu warstwy ropy naftowej na wodzie piaskiem nasyconym srodkami chemicznymi, który zostaje oblepiony ropa naftowa i osiada na dno morza.Sposób ten ma te wade, ze uzyte srodki chemiczne posiadaja duza toksycznosc co jest przyczna wymierania flory i fauny w wodzie. Ponadto w tym sposobie niemozliwy jest odzysk ropy naftowej i jej produktów.Innym sposobem zblizonym do wynalazn jest rozpylanie na powierzchnie wody ziemi okrzemkowej.Wynalazek ten ma te wade, ze nasycona ropa naftowa ziemia okrzemkowa opada na dno i moze byc przyczyna zagrozenia dla flory i fauny i nie pozwala na odzysk ropy naftowej i jej produktów.Celem wynalazku jest unikniecie podanych wad, zwlaszcza wykluczenie zniszczenia zycia biologicznego i zapewnienie odzysku ropy naftowej i jej produktów znajdujacych sie na powierzchni wody lub na powierzchni scieków.Realizacje powyzszych celów mozna osiagnac jezeli na powierzchnie rozlewiska ropy naftowej lub jej produktów rozsieje sie sposobem recznym lub mechanicznym, najlepiej przy uzyciu wyrzutnika pneumaty¬ cznego srodek sproszkowany o nastepujacych wlasnosciach fizyko-chemicznych:2 116288 porowatosc — 80-95% ciezar objetosciowy — do 0,15 G/cm3 ziarnistosc — 0,1-5 mm wilgotnosc wzgledna — do 49c Jako srodek najkorzystniej stosuje sie material porowaty mielony na zadana granulacje. Material porowaty uzyskuje sie w wyniku polaczenia mieszaniem w temperaturze otoczenia nastepujacych trzech skladników: — zywice syntetyczne zawierajace wolne grupy izocyjanowe NCO, — alkohol posiadajacy aktywne grupy wodorotlenowe, — wodny nasycony roztwór urotropiny technicznej.W/w skfedniki miesza sie ze soba w podanej kolejnosci. W wyniku ich wymieszania nastepuje proces spienienia i polimeryzacji. Czas reakcji spienienia i utwardzania waha sie w zaleznosci od zastosowanych proporcji od 15 sekund do 5 minut. Tak uzyskane tworzywo porowate mieli sie na granulacje do 5nim.Uzyskany proszek rozsiewa sie na powierzchnie rozlewisk ropy naftowej lub jej produktów. Rozsiane ziarenka substancji absorbuja rope naftowa lubjej produkty i utrzymuja sie na powierzchni wody nie tonac.Umozliwia to zebranie tak uzyskanego koagulatu za pomoca Tralowania lub wysysania mechanicznego.Zebrana z powierzchni wody lub scieków substancja pozwala na odzysk ropy naftowej lubjej produktów na drodze mechanicznego odwirowania.Sposób wedlug wynalazku objasnia nastepujacy przyklad: Na powierzchni wody rozlany jest olej turbinowy T-20. Dla jego usuniecia wykonujemy substancje porowata w nastepujacy sposób: zywice syntetyczna posiadajaca 12% wolnych grup izocyjanowych NCO o nazwie handlowej Izocyn TB-12 w ilosci 100 jednostek wagowych laczy sie mieszaniem z 5 jednostkami wagowymi alkoholu etylowego i nastepnie miesza sie az do uzyskania jednorodnej substancji pólplynnej. Nastepnie dodaje sie 30jednostek wagowych wodnego nasyconego roztworu urotropiny technicznej i miesza az do wystapienia poczatku reakcji spienie¬ nia. Mieszanie odbywa sie w temperaturze 15°C. Czas spienienia i utwardzenia wynosi óOsekund. Nastepnie tak uzyskana substancje miele sie na granulacje o srednicy ziaren 2 mm. Sproszkowana substancje rozsiewa sie na plame olejowa w stosunku wagowym: masa substancji do masy oleju równym 0,15. Po uplywie czasu okolo 60 sekund nastepuje 99% zaadsorbowania masy oleju. Za pomoca tralu sciaga sie nasycona olejem mase substancji a nastepnie odwirowuje olej. Ilosc odwirowanego oleju przy obrotach 1500obr/min wynosi 85%. Substancja porowata po odwirowaniu moze byc ponownie uzyta.Przedstawiony sposób usuwania ropy naftowej ijej produktów z wody i scieków moze miec zastosowa¬ nie do usuwania tych substancji z brzegów akwenu i plaznadmorskich, ze scieków w zakladach rafineryjnych i petrochemicznych oraz zakladach metalurgicznych, nawierzchni dróg asfaltowych.Zastrzezenie patentowe Sposób usuwania ropy naftowej i jej produktów z powierzchni wody i scieków, znamienny tym, ze jako substancje adsorbujaca rope naftowa i jej produkty stosuje sie zmielone tworzywo, stanowiace mieszanine zywicy syntetycznej posiadajacej wolne grupy izocyjanowe NCO z alkoholem i wodnym nasyconym roztwo¬ rem urotropiny technicznej o porowatosci do 95%, ciezarze objetosciowym do 0,15 G/cm3, ziarnistosci od 0,1 do 5 mm i wilgotnosci wzglednej do 4%.Prac. Poligraf.UP PRL. Naklad 120 egz.Cena 100 zl PLThe present invention relates to a method for removing crude oil and its products from the surface of water and sewage. Intensive use of crude oil and its products in chemical processes, automotive and power industry is the main cause of environmental pollution in the form of oil spills or its products in sea waters, port canals, as well as in the form of pollution with these substances in industrial and municipal sewage. In addition, contamination of sea waters with crude oil occurs as a result of spontaneous underwater gushing of crude oil or spills of crude oil from underwater boreholes. Several methods are known for treating water and sewage from crude oil and its products. The method most closely related to the invention is the use of fine bentonite. This liquid is filled into bags made of a material that dissolves easily in water, which in turn is spread over the surface of the oil spill or its products, either manually or mechanically. This method has the disadvantage that the mineral used has a volume weight many times greater than the volume weight of water, petroleum or its products, as a result of which, after collecting these substances, it sinks to the bottom of a water body. Another disadvantage of this method is the relatively low absorption, so that the crude oil or its products can rise back to the surface of the water after some time. Moreover, with this method, it is not possible to recover the crude oil removed from the water surface. Another method is to dust the crude oil layer on the water with sand saturated with chemicals, which becomes caked with the oil and settles to the seabed. that the chemicals used are highly toxic which causes the extinction of flora and fauna in the water. Moreover, in this method it is impossible to recover crude oil and its products. Another method similar to the invention is to spray the surface of the water with diatomaceous earth. This invention has the disadvantage that the saturated crude oil of diatomaceous earth sinks to the bottom and may pose a threat to flora and fauna. and does not allow the recovery of crude oil and its products. The aim of the invention is to avoid the above-mentioned disadvantages, in particular to exclude the destruction of biological life and to ensure the recovery of crude oil and its products that are on the surface of water or on the surface of sewage. The implementation of the above objectives can be achieved if crude oil or its products are spread manually or mechanically, preferably using a pneumatic ejector, a powdered agent with the following physico-chemical properties: 2 116288 porosity - 80-95% volumetric weight - up to 0.15 G / cm3 grain size - 0, 1-5 mm relative humidity - up to 49C. As a measure, it is most preferably used porous material ground to the desired granulation. The porous material is obtained by combining the following three components by mixing at ambient temperature: - synthetic resins containing free isocyanate groups (NCO), - alcohol with active hydroxyl groups, - aqueous saturated technical urotropin solution. The condensers are mixed with each other in the order given. As a result of their mixing, foaming and polymerization takes place. The reaction time for foaming and curing varies, depending on the proportions used, from 15 seconds to 5 minutes. The porous material obtained in this way is ground to granulation up to 5 years. The obtained powder is spread over the surface of the oil or its products spills. The scattered grains of the substance absorb crude oil or its products and stay on the surface of the water without sinking. This allows the resulting coagulum to be collected by means of trimming or mechanical suction. The substance collected from the surface of water or sewage allows the recovery of crude oil or its products by mechanical centrifugation. according to the invention, the following example explains: T-20 turbine oil is spilled on the surface of the water. To remove it, we make porous substances in the following way: a synthetic resin with 12% free NCO isocyanate groups under the trade name Izocyn TB-12 in the amount of 100 weight units is mixed with 5 weight units of ethyl alcohol and then mixed until a homogeneous semi-liquid substance is obtained . Thereafter, 30 weight units of an aqueous saturated technical urotropin solution are added and stirred until the foam reaction begins. Mixing takes place at a temperature of 15 ° C. The time of foaming and hardening is about eight seconds. Then, the substances obtained in this way are ground into granules with a grain diameter of 2 mm. The powdered substances are spread on the oil spot in a weight ratio: substance mass to oil mass of 0.15. After about 60 seconds, 99% of the mass of the oil is adsorbed. The weight of the substance saturated with oil is squeezed out with the help of the pole and the oil is then centrifuged. The amount of centrifuged oil at 1500 rpm is 85%. The porous substance can be reused after centrifugation. The presented method of removing crude oil and its products from water and sewage can be used to remove these substances from the shores of a body of water and seaside, from sewage in refinery and petrochemical plants and metallurgical plants, asphalt road surfaces. Claimed A method of removing crude oil and its products from the surface of water and sewage, characterized in that ground plastic is used as adsorbing substances for crude oil and its products, which is a mixture of a synthetic resin having free isocyanate groups NCO with alcohol and an aqueous saturated solution of urotropin technical porosity up to 95%, volumetric weight up to 0.15 G / cm3, grain size from 0.1 to 5 mm and relative humidity up to 4%. Poligraf.UP PRL. Mintage 120 copies Price PLN 100 PL

Claims (1)

1. Zastrzezenie patentowe Sposób usuwania ropy naftowej i jej produktów z powierzchni wody i scieków, znamienny tym, ze jako substancje adsorbujaca rope naftowa i jej produkty stosuje sie zmielone tworzywo, stanowiace mieszanine zywicy syntetycznej posiadajacej wolne grupy izocyjanowe NCO z alkoholem i wodnym nasyconym roztwo¬ rem urotropiny technicznej o porowatosci do 95%, ciezarze objetosciowym do 0,15 G/cm3, ziarnistosci od 0,1 do 5 mm i wilgotnosci wzglednej do 4%. Prac. Poligraf.UP PRL. Naklad 120 egz. Cena 100 zl PLClaim 1. A method of removing crude oil and its products from the surface of water and sewage, characterized in that ground plastic is used as adsorbing substances for crude oil and its products, which is a mixture of a synthetic resin having free isocyanate groups NCO with alcohol and an aqueous saturated solution technical urotropin rem with porosity up to 95%, volumetric weight up to 0.15 G / cm3, grain size from 0.1 to 5 mm and relative humidity up to 4%. Wash. Poligraf.UP PRL. Mintage 120 copies Price PLN 100 PL
PL1979214906A 1979-04-12 1979-04-12 Method of removing the petroleum and its products from the surface of water and aqueous wastes PL116288B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL1979214906A PL116288B2 (en) 1979-04-12 1979-04-12 Method of removing the petroleum and its products from the surface of water and aqueous wastes

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL1979214906A PL116288B2 (en) 1979-04-12 1979-04-12 Method of removing the petroleum and its products from the surface of water and aqueous wastes

Publications (2)

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PL214906A1 PL214906A1 (en) 1980-03-24
PL116288B2 true PL116288B2 (en) 1981-05-30

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PL214906A1 (en) 1980-03-24

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