PL109356B1 - Binder for manufacturing wood-like plates - Google Patents

Binder for manufacturing wood-like plates Download PDF

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Publication number
PL109356B1
PL109356B1 PL1976186852A PL18685276A PL109356B1 PL 109356 B1 PL109356 B1 PL 109356B1 PL 1976186852 A PL1976186852 A PL 1976186852A PL 18685276 A PL18685276 A PL 18685276A PL 109356 B1 PL109356 B1 PL 109356B1
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Poland
Prior art keywords
lignin
binder
adhesive
phenol
wood
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PL1976186852A
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Polish (pl)
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09JADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J161/00Adhesives based on condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09J161/04Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only
    • C09J161/06Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only of aldehydes with phenols
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08KUse of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/18Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
    • C08K3/24Acids; Salts thereof
    • C08K3/26Carbonates; Bicarbonates
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L3/00Compositions of starch, amylose or amylopectin or of their derivatives or degradation products
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L91/00Compositions of oils, fats or waxes; Compositions of derivatives thereof
    • C08L91/06Waxes
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L97/00Compositions of lignin-containing materials
    • C08L97/005Lignin
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L97/00Compositions of lignin-containing materials
    • C08L97/02Lignocellulosic material, e.g. wood, straw or bagasse
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09JADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J161/00Adhesives based on condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09JADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J197/00Adhesives based on lignin-containing materials
    • C09J197/005Lignin
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2666/00Composition of polymers characterized by a further compound in the blend, being organic macromolecular compounds, natural resins, waxes or and bituminous materials, non-macromolecular organic substances, inorganic substances or characterized by their function in the composition
    • C08L2666/02Organic macromolecular compounds, natural resins, waxes or and bituminous materials
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2666/00Composition of polymers characterized by a further compound in the blend, being organic macromolecular compounds, natural resins, waxes or and bituminous materials, non-macromolecular organic substances, inorganic substances or characterized by their function in the composition
    • C08L2666/02Organic macromolecular compounds, natural resins, waxes or and bituminous materials
    • C08L2666/26Natural polymers, natural resins or derivatives thereof according to C08L1/00 - C08L5/00, C08L89/00, C08L93/00, C08L97/00 or C08L99/00

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
  • Veneer Processing And Manufacture Of Plywood (AREA)
  • Sealing Material Composition (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

Adhesive for prodn. of products from wood (e.g. plywood or chipboard) composed of (a) a lignin sulphate deriv. and (b) a phenol-formaldehyde resin, the predominant propn. by wt. of the lignin deriv. having a M.W. >5000. Pref. the wt. ratio of (a):(b) lies between 90:10 to 20:80, esp. between 70:30 to 20:80. (a) and (b) may be dissolved in water, the resulting soln. having a water content of 30-70 wt.%. Pref. the adhesive contains, a hardener, an effective amt. of an aldehyde chosen from formaldehyde, paraformaldehyde or furfural, and a diluent in the form of chalk, wood- or wheat-fluor. The adhesive may also contain paraffin. The adhesive is cheaper than prior art prods. contg. (b) alone. Since it is relatively alkaline it causes no corrosive or hydrolytic damage on veneers, in contrast to acidic adhesives. Suitable lignin derivs. are lignin sulphates obtd. from alkaline decompsn. processes, e.g. the Soda process, whose reaction medium contains NaOH, or thesulphate process, which contains NaOH, Na2S and NaSH, or the oxygen-alkali process. The M.W. distribution of the prod. should be such that 50 wt. % of the lignin sulphate has a M. W. >5000. In order to ob. this M. W. distribution, an ultra-filtration process can be used. Both resole and novalac types of phenol-HCHO resin can be used for the adhesive. [FR2299389A2]

Description

Przedmiotem wynalazku jest spoiwo stosowane do wytwarzania plyt drewnopochodnych zwlasz¬ cza sklejki, plyt wiórowych i spilsnionych oraz 109 3561*9 356 podobnych produktów. Spoiwo stanowi mieszanine zywicy fenolowo-formaldehydowej i alkaliligniny.Nieoczekiwanie stwierdzono, ze ciezar czasteczko¬ wy alkaliligniny ma zasadnicze znaczenie, odnosnie aHiPTvjn»j p^^falrtprygtyyi produktu i CO naj- hMjXA3tfb Iw&fipj^yth siarczanu ligniny powinno |iiec ciezar czasteczkowy wyzszy od 5000.Przy stosowaniu Jpoiwa wedlug wynalazku, do- Sl^S^^^-^T6 warunki wytwarzania, np. '""itemperatury, jak przy uzyciu handlowej zywicy fenolowo-formaldehydowej do wytwarzania sklejki. Poniewaz wytworzona w ten sposób sklejka spelnia wymagania stawiane sklej¬ ce stosowanej do okladzin zewnetrznych (tzn. do niedomowego uzytku), a pochodne ligniny stoso¬ wane w spoiwie sa znacznie tansze od zywic fe- nolowo-formaldehydowych, uzycie spoiwa wedlug wynalazku jest korzystne ekonomicznie. Z powo¬ du umiarkowanej zasadowosci spoiwa, nie powo¬ duje ono korozji lub rozkladu hydrolitycznego w okleinie (fornierze) w odróznieniu od spoiw kwa¬ sowych.Stosujac spoiwo wedlug wynalazku mozna wy¬ twarzac plyty wiórowe wodoodporne. Jest to zale¬ ta godna podkreslenia, poniewaz plyta klejona zy¬ wica fenolowo-formaldehydowa nie jest wodood¬ porna. Zaleta tej metody wytwarzania, w porów¬ naniu z innymi procesami, w których stosuje sie siarczynowy lug odciekowy lub lignosulfoniany jest to, ze stosuje sie jednofazowy proces utwar¬ dzania plyt oraz krótki czas prasowania niezbedny do tej operacji. Mozna takze uniknac zjawisk ko¬ rozji i hydrolizy, kt6re wystepuja w przypadku uzycia spoiw kwasowych. Wyzej wymienione zale¬ ty spoiwa wedlug wynalazku maja nadzwyczaj korzystny wplyw na ekonomiczne aspekty metody wytwarzania na skale przemyslowa.Alkalilignina moze byc pochodna ligniny z pro¬ cesów roztwarzania alkalicznego jak na przyklad z procesu sodowego, w którym lug po roztwarza¬ niu zawiera wodorotlenek sodu, albo z procesu siarczanowego, w którym analogiczny lug zawiera zarówno wodorotlenek sodu jak i siarczek i wo- dorosiarczek sodu albo z procesu tlenowo-alkalicz- nego, w którym roztwarzanie prowadzi sie przy uzyciu wodorotlenku sodu w obecnosci tlenu.Aby otrzymac zadany rozklad ciezaru czastecz¬ kowego alkaliligniny z procesów alkalicznych, mozna stosowac ultrafiltracje, w analogiczny spo¬ sób, jak przy rozdzielaniu lignosulfonianów.Spoiwo wedlug wynalazku otrzymuje sie przy¬ gotowujac wodny roztwór zawierajacy pochodna ligniny i zywicy fenolowo-formaldehydowej. Pod¬ stawowymi rodzajami zywic fenolowo-formaldehy- dowych sa rezole i nowolaki i oba te rodzaje moz¬ na stosowac w metodzie bedacej przedmiotem wy¬ nalazku. Rezoie przygotowuje sie uzywajac kata¬ lizatora alkalicznego, przy stosunku wagowym fe¬ nolu do formaldehydu wynoszacym na ogól od 1:1 do 1:5. Nowolaki mozna przygotowywac stosujac albo katalizator kwasowy albo alkaliczny, chociaz korzystny jest katalizator kwasowy taki jak np. kwas szczawiowy. Stosunek fenolu do formaldehy¬ du wynosi na ogól od 1:0,8 do 1:1. Nowolaki wy- 10 18 30 35 40 50 05 M magaja dodatku srodka utwardzajacego, takiego jak paraformaldehyd, szesciometylenoczteroamina czy aldehyd furfurylowy.Stosunek wagowy alkaliligniny do zywicy feno¬ lowo-formaldehydowej, przy zastosowaniu spoiwa do wytwarzania sklejki, wynosi 70:30—20:80, a do plyt wiórowych i odpowiednich produktów wynosi 90:10—20:80. Zawartosc wody w spoiwie moze wy¬ nosic od 30 do 70i/o, a lepkosc mozna zmieniac albo regulujac zawartosc wody albo ogrzewajac spoiwo. Odpowiedni zakres lepkosci wynosi na o- gól 100—2000 cP.Do spoiwa mozna stosowac tradycyjne wypel¬ niacze, takie jak kreda, maczka drzewna i maka pszenna.Kiedy wytwarza sie plyty wiórowe stosujac spo¬ iwo wedlug wynalazku mozna dodawac do spoiwa albo do wiórów oddzielnie, na przyklad parafine, w celu poprawy wlasnosci pecznienia plyt.Przyklad I. Przyklad ilustruje uzytecznosc dwóch produktów otrzymanych z czarnego lugu odciekowego do wytwarzania spoiwa. Jednym z nich byl czarny lug, odparowany do zawartosci stalych substancji wynoszacej 37,5°/o, drugim na¬ tomiast siarczan ligniny otrzymany z czarnego lu¬ gu za pomoca stracenia kwasem. Siarczan ligniny rozpuszczono w roztworze NaOH po filtracji i przemyciu (patrz tablica 1).Tabl Zawartosc substancji stalych PH Lepkosc mierzona za pomoca wiskozymetru Brookfielda 23°C Rozklad ciezaru we¬ dlug ciezarów cza¬ steczkowych Mw 5000 Mw 10000 Mw 15000 ica 1 Czarny lug 37,5 ,12,7 43 cP 25«/o 14«/t 9Vt Stracony kwa¬ sem siarczan ligniny rozr puszczony w noztworae NaOH 37,5*/« 12,2 3,336 cP 32«/# 13»/# 11% Spoiwa przygotowuje sie w nastepujacy sposób: 450 g roztworu, wytraconego kwasem siarczanu ligniny w NaOH miesza sie z 550 g handlowej zywicy fenolowo-formaldehydowej typu rezolu, za¬ wierajacej 46°/o substancji stalych, Nastepnie do roztworu dodaje sie 84 g mieszani-\ 5 ny zawierajacej 30 czesci wagowych proszku drzewnego, 50 czesci wagowych kredy i 20 czesci wagowych maczki pszennej.Spoiwem powleka sie okleiny brzozowe o gru¬ bosci 1,5 mm i wilgotnosci okolo 3%. Ilosc kleju nalozonego na kazdej stronie okleiny wynosila 150 g/m2. Przygotowano 3 plyty. Cisnienie podczas 109 356 wartosciach naprezenia scinajacego, które odpo¬ wiadaja wymaganiom stawianym sklejkom wg finskiej normy O.IV.l. Ilosc drewna ulegajaca zniszczeniu (rozerwaniu) która ma zasadnicze zna¬ czenie z uwagi na odpornosc produktu na wplywy atmosferyczne, nie odpowiada jednakze wymaga¬ niom. Jak pokazuje to tablica 2, wartosci tych nie Czarny lug Stracony kwasem siarczan ligniny Finska norma Czas praso¬ wania min 2 4 2 4 Tablica 2 Na sucho Napreze¬ nie sci¬ najace kp/cm2 26,4 28,5 26,4 28,1 20,9 Rozer¬ wanie drewna PA 57 73 68 76 5*50 Na mokro Napreze¬ nie sci¬ najace kp/cmf 16,0 16,8 16,0 18,0 14,1 Rozerwa¬ nie drewna % 8 . 12 23 27 50 wstepnego prasowania wynosilo 7 kp/cm2 w cza¬ sie 7 minut. Temperatura prasowania na goraco wynosila 135°C, cisnienie 16 kp/cm2, a czas 4 mi¬ nuty i 2 minuty.Wlasnosci tak przygotowanych plyt, które okre¬ slono zgodnie z norma finska O.IV.l sa przedsta¬ wione w tablicy 2.Tablica 2 wykazuje, ze stosujac obie mieszanki spajajace mozna przygotowac sklejke o takich Tablica3 Zawartosc substancji stalych pH Lepkosc mierzona wi¬ skozymetrem Brookfiel- da, 23°C Rozklad ciezaru wedlug ciezarów czasteczko¬ wych Mw 5000 Mw 10000 Mw 15000 Alkalilignina oddziela¬ na od czarnego lugu rozpuszczona w roz¬ tworze NaOH 37,5% 11,5 45,480 cP 58% 38% 24% 40 W mozna poprawic nawet dwukrotnie zwiekszajac czas prasowania.Przyklad JI. Przygotowanie sklejki przy uzy¬ ciu alkaliligniny w spoiwie, posiadajacym rozklad ciezaru czasteczkowego wedlug wynalazku.Alkalilignina, która oddzielono od czarnego lugu i zaistosowano do otrzymania spoiwa, miala wlas¬ nosci przedstawione w tablicy 3. 450 g roztworu alkaliligniny w NaOH miesza sie z 550 g zywicy fenolowo-formaldehydowej ty¬ pu rezoli o zawartosci substancji stalych wyno¬ szacej 46%. Lepkosc mieszaniny wynosi 388 cP w temperaturze 23°C. Do roztworu dodaje sie 84 g mieszanki zawierajacej 30 czesci wagowych prosz¬ ku drzewnego, 50 czesci wagowych kredy i 20 cze¬ sci wagowych maczki pszennej. Po tym dodaniu lepkosc wzrasta do 1000 cP w temperaturze 23°G.Warunki otrzymywania sklejki byly takie same jak w przykladzie tli Wlasnosci plyt sklejkowych gokazujó tablica 4.Plyty calkowicie odpowiadaly Wymaganiom sta- wianym wedlug normy finskiej O.IV.l sklejkom stosowanym na zewnatrz (tin, nie uzywan/m W warunkach domowych).Przyklad III. Otrzymywanie plyt wióro¬ wych.Przygotowuje sie spoiwo stosujac te sama alka- lilignine jak w przykladzie II. 540 g 46% wodne¬ go roztworu zawierajacego 210 g alkaliligniny i 40 g NaOH miesza sie-z 460 g roztwoTU handlo¬ wej zywicy fenolowo-formaldehydowej typu rezo¬ li, zawierajacej 46% substancji stalych. Lepkosc spoiwa wynosila 1040 cP w temperaturze 23°C, na¬ tomiast pH = 12,0.t Tablica 4 109 356 Czas pra¬ sowania min 2 4 Finska norma Na sucho napre¬ zenie scina¬ jace kp/cm2 30.1 32.0 ^20.9 rozer¬ wanie drewna % 89 91 ^50 Na mokro napre¬ zenie scina¬ jace kp/cm2 17.3 20.0 14.1 rozer¬ wanie drewna % 80 96 250 Do spoiwa dodaje sie 184 g emulsji parafino¬ wej (o zawartosci substancji stalych 50%), przez co lepkosc maleje do wartosci = 850 cP (23°C. 10 20 8 wynosila 210°C, cisnienie 27 kp/cm2, a czas 60 sec/ /mm. Wlasnosci plyty przedstawione w tablicy 5 oznaczono zgodnie z norma RFN DIN 52360—65 i 68761.Jak wynika z tablicy 5, spoiwo wedlug wyna¬ lazku mozna stosowac do otrzymywania plyt wió¬ rowych, których wlasnosci odpowiadaja normom RFN (DIN) w odniesieniu do plyt wiórowych wo¬ doodpornych.Zastrzezenia patentowe 1. Spoiwo stosowane do wytwarzania plyt dre¬ wnopochodnych zawierajace pochodne ligniny i zy- 15 wice fenolowoformaldehydowa przy czym stosunek pochodnej ligniny do zywicy wynosi 90:10—20:80, znamienne tym, ze jako pochodna ligniny zawiera alkalilignine, przy czym co najmniej 50% wago¬ wych alkaliligniny posiada ciezar czasteczkowy wiekszy od 5000. 2. Spoiwo wedlug zastrz. 1, znamienne tym, ze Tablica 5 Spoiwo wedlug wynalazku Wymagania wedlug DIN Wytrzy¬ malosc na zginanie kp/cm2 208 180 Wytrzy¬ malosc na zginanie kp/cm2 6,2 ¦ ^3,5 Grubosc pecznienia po 2 godz. % 1,9 26,0 po 24 godz. % 12,9 2:15,0 V100 lp/cm2 2,5 2:1,5 Pomiaru dokonuje sie za pomoca wiskozymetru Brookfielda RVT).Przygotowuje sie trzywarstwowa plyte Wiórowa, stanowiaca W 30% warstwe zewnetrzna zlozona z wiórów i w 70% warstwe wiórowa wewnetrzna.Material powleczony spoiwem stanowil 12% su¬ chej powierzchni zewnetrznej warstwy Wiórów i 10% suchej powierzchni wewnetrznej warstwy wiórów. Przed klejeniem wilgotnosc wiórów wy¬ nosila w przyblizeniu 1%, a po sklejeniu okolo 11%. Grubosc plyty wynosila 15 mm, a ciezar ob¬ jetosciowy 750 kg/m*. Temperatura prasowania 46 5K alkalilignina i zywica fenOlówO-fórmaldehydowa rozpuszczone sa w roztworze wodnym, zawieraja¬ cym 30%—70% wagowych wody. 3. Spoiwo wedlug zastrz. 1, znamienne tym, ze zawiera efektywna ilosc utwardzacza w postaci aldehydu, takiego jak formaldehyd, paraformalde- hyd i aldehyd furfurylowy. 4. Spoiwo wedlug zastrz. 1, znamienne tym, ze zawiera efektywna ilosc wypelniacza, takiego jak kreda, sproszkowane drewno i maka pszenna. 5. Spoiwo wedlug zastrz. 1, znamienne tym, ze jako alkalilignine zawiera siarczan ligniny.DN-3, z. 829/80 Cena 45 zl PLThe subject of the invention is a binder used in the production of wood-based panels, in particular plywood, chipboard and felted panels, and 109,356 * 9,356 similar products. The binder is a mixture of phenol-formaldehyde resin and alkilignin. Surprisingly, it has been found that the molecular weight of the alkalilignin is of major importance, with respect to the product's aHiPTvjn "falrt" and the CO hMjXA3tfb I, the lignarine sulfate should be 5000 lignite sulfate. When using Jbinder according to the invention, do-S ^ S ^^^ - ^ T6 manufacturing conditions, e.g. "" "temperature, as when using commercial phenol-formaldehyde resin for plywood production. Since the plywood produced in this way meets the requirements of an external cladding plywood (i.e. for non-domestic use), and the lignin derivatives used in the binder are much cheaper than phenol-formaldehyde resins, the use of the binder according to the invention is economically advantageous. . Due to the moderate alkalinity of the binder, it does not cause corrosion or hydrolytic decomposition in the veneer (veneer), unlike acid binders. Water-resistant particle boards can be produced by using the binder according to the invention. This is a good thing to emphasize, since the board glued with phenol-formaldehyde resin is not waterproof. The advantage of this manufacturing method, compared to other processes using sulphite effluent or lignosulphonates, is that it employs a single-phase hardening process and the short pressing time required for this operation. Corrosion and hydrolysis phenomena that occur with the use of acid binders can also be avoided. The above-mentioned advantages of the binder according to the invention have an extremely favorable effect on the economic aspects of the production method on an industrial scale. The alkalilignin can be a derivative of lignin from alkaline digestion processes such as, for example, a sodium process in which the liquor after reconstitution contains sodium hydroxide either from the sulphate process in which the analogous liquor contains both sodium hydroxide and sodium sulphide and sulphide, or from the oxy-alkali process in which digestion is carried out with sodium hydroxide in the presence of oxygen. To obtain the desired molecular weight distribution of alkalilignin from alkaline processes, ultrafiltration can be used in an analogous manner to the separation of lignosulfonates. The binder according to the invention is obtained by preparing an aqueous solution containing a derivative of lignin and a phenol-formaldehyde resin. The basic types of phenol-formaldehyde resins are resoles and novolaks, and both can be used in the method of the invention. Rezoie is prepared using an alkaline catalyst with a weight ratio of phenol to formaldehyde generally from 1: 1 to 1: 5. Novolaks can be prepared using either an acid or an alkaline catalyst, although an acid catalyst such as, for example, oxalic acid is preferred. The ratio of phenol to formaldehyde is generally from 1: 0.8 to 1: 1. Nowolaks have the addition of a hardening agent such as paraformaldehyde, hexamethylene tetramine or furfuraldehyde. The weight ratio of alkilignin to phenol-formaldehyde resin when plywood is used as a binder is 70: 30-20: 80, and for chipboard and the corresponding products it is 90: 10-20: 80. The water content of the binder can be from 30 to 70% and the viscosity can be varied either by adjusting the water content or by heating the binder. A suitable viscosity range is generally 100-2000 cP. Conventional fillers such as chalk, wood flour and wheat flour can be used for the binder. When chipboards are made using the binder according to the invention, it can be added to the binder or to the chips. separately, for example paraffin, to improve the swelling properties of the panels. Example I. The example illustrates the utility of two products obtained from black leachate for the preparation of a binder. One was black liquor, evaporated to a solids content of 37.5%, the other was lignin sulphate obtained from black stick by acid loss. Lignin sulfate was dissolved in NaOH solution after filtration and washing (see Table 1). Tabl Solids content PH Viscosity measured with a Brookfield viscometer 23 ° C Weight distribution by molecular weight Mw 5000 Mw 10,000 Mw 15,000 x 1 Black lug 37 0.5, 12.7 43 cP 25 "/ o 14" / t 9Vt Lignin sulphate lost with acid dissolved in NaOH 37.5 * / "12.2 3.336 cP 32" / # 13 "/ # 11% Binder is prepared as follows: 450 g of a solution of acid-precipitated lignin sulfate in NaOH is mixed with 550 g of a commercial resole-type phenol-formaldehyde resin containing 46% of solids. Then 84 g of a mixture are added to the solution. It contains 30 parts by weight of wood powder, 50 parts by weight of chalk and 20 parts by weight of wheat flour. The binder is coated with 1.5 mm thick birch veneers with a moisture content of about 3%. The amount of glue applied to each side of the veneer was 150 g / m2. 3 discs were prepared. The pressure during 109 356 values of the shear stress, which correspond to the requirements for plywood according to the Finnish standard O.IV.I. The amount of wood that breaks (tears), which is essential in view of the product's resistance to weathering, does not, however, meet the requirements. As shown in Table 2, these values are not Black lug Acid lost lignin sulphate Finnish standard Pressing time min 2 4 2 4 Table 2 Dry Tensile tension kp / cm2 26.4 28.5 26.4 28. 1 20.9 Tearing of the wood PA 57 73 68 76 5 * 50 Wet Tensile tension kp / cmf 16.0 16.8 16.0 18.0 14.1 Tearing of the wood% 8. The pre-compression was 7 kp / cm 2 for 7 minutes. The hot pressing temperature was 135 ° C, the pressure was 16 kp / cm2, and the time was 4 minutes and 2 minutes. The properties of the boards prepared in this way, which were determined in accordance with the Finnish standard O.IV.l, are shown in Table 2. Table 2 shows that using both adhesives it is possible to prepare plywood of such type. Table 3 Solids content pH Viscosity measured with Brookfield viscometer, 23 ° C Weight distribution by molecular weight Mw 5,000 Mw 10,000 Mw 15,000 Alkalilignin is separated from black liquor dissolved in NaOH 37.5% 11.5 45.480 cP 58% 38% 24% 40 W can be improved even by doubling the pressing time. Example JI. Preparation of plywood using alkalilignin in a binder having a molecular weight distribution according to the invention. The alkalilignin which was separated from the black liquor and used to form the binder had the properties shown in Table 3. 450 g of a solution of alkilignin in NaOH are mixed with 550 g. a phenol-formaldehyde resin of the resol type with a solids content of 46%. The mixture has a viscosity of 388 cP at 23 ° C. 84 g of a mixture consisting of 30 parts by weight of wood powder, 50 parts by weight of chalk and 20 parts by weight of wheat flour are added to the solution. After this addition, the viscosity increases to 1000 cP at a temperature of 23 ° G. The conditions for obtaining plywood were the same as in the example of the background. The properties of plywood boards are shown in Table 4. (tin, not used / m At home). Example III. Preparation of particle boards. The binder is prepared using the same alkali-lignin as in Example II. 540 g of a 46% aqueous solution containing 210 g of alkilignin and 40 g of NaOH are mixed with 460 g of a commercial resole phenol-formaldehyde solution containing 46% solids. The viscosity of the binder was 1040 cP at 23 ° C, while the pH = 12.0. Table 4 109 356 Working time min 2 4 Finnish standard Dry shear stress kp / cm2 30.1 32.0 ^ 20.9 Tearing of wood% 89 91 50% Wet shear tension kp / cm2 17.3 20.0 14.1 tearing of wood% 80 96 250 184 g of paraffin emulsion (solids content 50%) is added to the binder by the viscosity decreases to a value of = 850 cP (23 ° C. 10 20 8 was 210 ° C, pressure was 27 kp / cm2, and time was 60 sec / / mm. The sheet properties presented in table 5 were determined in accordance with the German standard DIN 52360-65 and 68761. As can be seen from Table 5, the binder according to the invention can be used for the preparation of particle boards, the properties of which correspond to the German (DIN) standards for water-resistant particleboards. Claims 1. Binder used in the production of wood boards. ¬ derivatives containing lignin derivatives and phenol-formaldehyde resins, the ratio of lignin derivative to resin is 90: 10-20: 80, characterized in that it contains as the lignin derivative an alkilignin, where at least 50% by weight of the alkalilignin has a molecular weight greater than 5,000. 1, characterized in that Table 5 Binder according to the invention Requirements according to DIN Bending strength kp / cm2 208 180 Bending strength kp / cm2 6.2 × 3.5 Thickness of swelling after 2 hours. % 1.9 26.0 after 24 h % 12.9 2: 15.0 V100 lp / cm2 2.5 2: 1.5 The measurement is made with a Brookfield RVT viscometer) A three-layer chipboard is prepared, which is 30% an outer layer composed of chips and a 70% layer internal chipboard. The binder-coated material comprised 12% of the dry surface of the outer chip layer and 10% of the dry surface of the inner chip layer. Before gluing, the chip moisture was approx. 1%, and after gluing, approx. 11%. The plate thickness was 15 mm and the volume weight was 750 kg / m *. Pressing temperature 46 ° K alkilignin and phenol-formaldehyde resin are dissolved in an aqueous solution containing 30% -70% by weight of water. 3. The binder according to claim The process of claim 1, comprising an effective amount of an aldehyde hardener such as formaldehyde, paraformaldehyde and furfuraldehyde. 4. The binder according to claim The method of claim 1, wherein it contains an effective amount of a filler, such as chalk, powdered wood, and wheat flour. 5. The binder according to claims 1, characterized in that it contains lignin sulphate as alkalilignin DN-3, z. 829/80 Price PLN 45 PL

Claims (5)

Zastrzezenia patentowe 1. Spoiwo stosowane do wytwarzania plyt dre¬ wnopochodnych zawierajace pochodne ligniny i zy- 15 wice fenolowoformaldehydowa przy czym stosunek pochodnej ligniny do zywicy wynosi 90:10—20:80, znamienne tym, ze jako pochodna ligniny zawiera alkalilignine, przy czym co najmniej 50% wago¬ wych alkaliligniny posiada ciezar czasteczkowy wiekszy od 5000.Claims 1. The binder used for the production of wood-based boards containing lignin derivatives and phenol-formaldehyde resins, the lignin derivative to the resin ratio being 90: 10-20: 80, characterized in that the lignin derivative comprises an alkalilignin, whereby at least 50% by weight of the alkalilignin has a molecular weight greater than 5000. 2. Spoiwo wedlug zastrz. 1, znamienne tym, ze Tablica 5 Spoiwo wedlug wynalazku Wymagania wedlug DIN Wytrzy¬ malosc na zginanie kp/cm2 208 180 Wytrzy¬ malosc na zginanie kp/cm2 6,2 ¦ ^3,5 Grubosc pecznienia po 2 godz. % 1,9 26,0 po 24 godz. % 12,9 2:15,0 V100 lp/cm2 2,5 2:1,5 Pomiaru dokonuje sie za pomoca wiskozymetru Brookfielda RVT). Przygotowuje sie trzywarstwowa plyte Wiórowa, stanowiaca W 30% warstwe zewnetrzna zlozona z wiórów i w 70% warstwe wiórowa wewnetrzna. Material powleczony spoiwem stanowil 12% su¬ chej powierzchni zewnetrznej warstwy Wiórów i 10% suchej powierzchni wewnetrznej warstwy wiórów. Przed klejeniem wilgotnosc wiórów wy¬ nosila w przyblizeniu 1%, a po sklejeniu okolo 11%. Grubosc plyty wynosila 15 mm, a ciezar ob¬ jetosciowy 750 kg/m*. Temperatura prasowania 46 5K alkalilignina i zywica fenOlówO-fórmaldehydowa rozpuszczone sa w roztworze wodnym, zawieraja¬ cym 30%—70% wagowych wody.2. The binder according to claim 1, characterized in that Table 5 Binder according to the invention Requirements according to DIN Bending strength kp / cm2 208 180 Bending strength kp / cm2 6.2 × 3.5 Thickness of swelling after 2 hours. % 1.9 26.0 after 24 h % 12.9 2: 15.0 V100 lp / cm2 2.5 2: 1.5 Measurement is made with a Brookfield RVT viscometer). A three-layer chipboard is prepared, consisting of 30% of the outer layer of chips and of 70% of the inner layer of chipboard. The binder coated material comprised 12% of the dry surface of the outer chip layer and 10% of the dry surface of the inner chip layer. Before gluing, the chip moisture was approx. 1%, and after gluing, approx. 11%. The plate thickness was 15 mm and the volume weight was 750 kg / m *. Pressing temperature 46 ° K alkilignin and phenol-formaldehyde resin are dissolved in an aqueous solution containing 30% -70% by weight of water. 3. Spoiwo wedlug zastrz. 1, znamienne tym, ze zawiera efektywna ilosc utwardzacza w postaci aldehydu, takiego jak formaldehyd, paraformalde- hyd i aldehyd furfurylowy.3. The binder according to claim The process of claim 1, comprising an effective amount of an aldehyde hardener such as formaldehyde, paraformaldehyde and furfuraldehyde. 4. Spoiwo wedlug zastrz. 1, znamienne tym, ze zawiera efektywna ilosc wypelniacza, takiego jak kreda, sproszkowane drewno i maka pszenna.4. The binder according to claim The method of claim 1, wherein it contains an effective amount of a filler such as chalk, pulverized wood and wheat flour. 5. Spoiwo wedlug zastrz. 1, znamienne tym, ze jako alkalilignine zawiera siarczan ligniny. DN-3, z. 829/80 Cena 45 zl PL5. The binder according to claims 3. A composition according to claim 1, wherein the alkalilignin is lignin sulfate. DN-3, z. 829/80 Price PLN 45 PL
PL1976186852A 1975-01-28 1976-01-28 Binder for manufacturing wood-like plates PL109356B1 (en)

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AT (1) AT352234B (en)
CA (1) CA1068426A (en)
CH (1) CH589135A5 (en)
CS (1) CS200488B2 (en)
DD (1) DD122259A6 (en)
DE (1) DE2601600A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2299389A2 (en)
HU (1) HU173766B (en)
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FI72338C (en) * 1978-04-24 1987-05-11 Edler & Co Faergind Ab Procedure for manufacturing adhesive products.
CA1138589A (en) * 1979-04-20 1982-12-28 Krishan K. Sudan Lignosulphonate phenolic resin binder
JPS6151073A (en) * 1984-07-31 1986-03-13 Aisin Chem Co Ltd Adhesive for felt
DE3526370A1 (en) * 1985-07-24 1987-02-05 Thomson Brandt Gmbh HOLDING DEVICE FOR CD PLATE ON VERTICAL PLAYERS
FI83348C (en) * 1987-03-09 1996-01-09 Metsae Serla Oy Process for making products from lignocellulosic material
JP2010248309A (en) * 2009-04-13 2010-11-04 Toyota Auto Body Co Ltd Method for reducing formaldehyde release amount from molded product containing resol-type phenol resin
FI126736B (en) 2013-11-26 2017-04-28 Upm Kymmene Corp Process for treating lignin and preparing a binder composition

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US3185654A (en) * 1958-12-08 1965-05-25 West Virginia Pulp & Paper Co Composition containing resole and lignin in free acid form and process for preparing same
FI51105C (en) * 1972-09-14 1976-10-11 Keskuslaboratorio Binders for the production of veneer, chipboard, fibreboard and similar products

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AT352234B (en) 1979-09-10
CA1068426A (en) 1979-12-18
DD122259A6 (en) 1976-09-20
ATA57376A (en) 1979-02-15
DE2601600A1 (en) 1976-07-29
JPS5856391B2 (en) 1983-12-14
HU173766B (en) 1979-08-28
CH589135A5 (en) 1977-06-30
SE428700B (en) 1983-07-18
FR2299389A2 (en) 1976-08-27
CS200488B2 (en) 1980-09-15
FR2299389B2 (en) 1980-01-11
NO760226L (en) 1976-07-29
SE7600804L (en) 1976-07-29

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