PL101881B1 - A LUBRICANT FOR HOT FORMING OF METALS - Google Patents

A LUBRICANT FOR HOT FORMING OF METALS Download PDF

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Publication number
PL101881B1
PL101881B1 PL1975204664A PL20466475A PL101881B1 PL 101881 B1 PL101881 B1 PL 101881B1 PL 1975204664 A PL1975204664 A PL 1975204664A PL 20466475 A PL20466475 A PL 20466475A PL 101881 B1 PL101881 B1 PL 101881B1
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Poland
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lubricant
weight
graphite
sugar
film
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PL1975204664A
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Polish (pl)
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    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M7/00—Solid or semi-solid compositions essentially based on lubricating components other than mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils and their use as lubricants; Use as lubricants of single solid or semi-solid substances
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    • C10M2201/02—Water
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    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
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    • C10M2201/0413—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black used as base material
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  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)

Description

Przedmiotem wynalazku jest smar do ksztaltowania metali na goraco, zwlaszcza matrycowego, odznaczajacy sie duza odpornoscia na wysokie temperatury.The subject of the invention is a lubricant for hot forming of metals, especially matrix, distinguished by high temperature resistance.

Znane sa smary do ksztaltowania metali na goraco, stanowiace mieszanine skladajaca sie wagowo z 10 do 90% grafitu, 2 do 45% polimeru lub kopolimeru olefinowego, 0,5-8% srodka pomocniczego do wytwarzania zawiesiny zawierajacego wielocukier, na przyklad cukier buraczany, mleczny, slodowy lub celuloze alkilowa na przyklad metyloceluloze lub alginian w jednej postaci lub w mieszaninie. Wada tych smarów jest to, ze warstewka smaru przy temperaturach okolo 900°C nie jest wystarczajaco stabilna.Hot metal forming lubricants are known, which are a mixture of 10 to 90% graphite, 2 to 45% olefin polymer or copolymer, 0.5-8% manufacturing auxiliary a suspension containing polysaccharides, for example beet sugar, milk sugar, malt sugar or alkyl cellulose for example methylcellulose or alginate in one form or in a mixture. The disadvantage of these lubricants is that the lubricant film is not sufficiently stable at temperatures around 900 ° C.

Celem wynalazku jest wyeliminowanie tej wady. Cel ten osiagnieto wedlug wynalazku za pomoca smaru odpornego na wysokie temperatury, skladajacego sie wagowo z 35 do 90% grafitu, z 2 do 60% polimeru lub kopolimeru olefinowego, 0,2 do 8% srodka pomocniczego do wytwarzania zawiesiny i z 2 do 40% stabilizatora warstwy smaru. Smar ten moze równiez z zawiesina wodna, która wykonuje sie bezposrednio przed jej stosowaniem w ten sposób, ze suchy grafit, polimer lub kopolimer olefinowy oraz srodek pomocniczy do wytwarzania zawiesiny i stabilizator warstwy smaru miesza sie w wodzie i tworzy sie zawiesine wodna smaru, przy czym udzial wagowy grafitu wynosi od 35 do 90%, polimeru lub kopolimeru olefinowego od 2 do 60% i srodka pomocniczego do wytwarzania zawiesiny od 0,2 do 8% wagowych, stabilizatora warstwy smaru 2 do 40%, a mieszanie tych substancji i przeprowadzanie ich w stan zawiesiny wodnej dokonuje sie tak stosujac odpowiednia ilosc wody, ze powstaje zawiesina wodna smaru o wagowej zawartosci substangi stalej od 5 do Stosowane do smaru wedlug wynalazku polimery olefinowe lub kopolimery olefinowe sa wytwarzane wedlug sposobu polimeryzacji emulsyjnej. Przykladowo moga byc stosowane polimery lub kopolimery olefinowe estrów winylowych, korzystnie estry winylowe z do 16 atomami wegla, jak np. octan winylu, propionian winylu, laurynian winylu, estrów allilowych, korzystnie do 16, szczególnie do 6 atomów wegla, jedno lub dwuolefin, korzystnie z do 5 atomami wegla jak etylen, butadien, kwasów akrylowych i ich estrów, korzystnie z do 8 atomami wegla, kwasów akrylowych i ich estrów, korzystnie z do 8 atomami wegla2 101 881 z kopolimerami i nienasyconych estrów kwasu dwukarboksylowego, korzystnie z do 8 szczególnie do 4 atomami wegla, jak ester kwasu maleinowego, np. ester metylowy i etylowy kwasu maleinowego. Nastepnie polimery olefinowe i kopolimery olefinowe sa okreslane (charakteryzowane) przez zakres ciezaru czasteczkowego od ioctooo do roarooo.The object of the invention is to eliminate this disadvantage. This object is achieved according to the invention by means of a lubricant resistant to high temperatures, consisting of 35 to 90% by weight of graphite, from 2 to 60% of polymer, or olefin copolymer, 0.2 to 8% dispersion aid, and 2 to 40% stabilizer layers of grease. This lubricant can also be made of an aqueous slurry that is done immediately before it using such a dry graphite, olefinic polymer or copolymer, and an auxiliary agent Suspension preparation and lubricant film stabilizer are mixed in water to form an aqueous lubricant suspension, the proportion by weight of graphite is from 35 to 90%, of an olefin polymer or copolymer from 2 to 60% and a slurry aid of 0.2 to 8% by weight, lubricant film stabilizer 2 to 40%, and the mixing of these substances and their suspension in water is done as follows sufficient amount of water to form an aqueous suspension of the lubricant with a solids content of 5 to by weight The olefinic polymers or olefinic copolymers used for the lubricant according to the invention are produced according to the method of emulsion polymerization. For example, polymers or copolymers can be used olefinic vinyl esters, preferably vinyl esters with up to 16 carbon atoms, such as vinyl acetate, vinyl propionate, vinyl laurate, allyl esters, preferably up to 16, especially up to 6, carbon atoms, one or diolefins, preferably with up to 5 carbon atoms such as ethylene, butadiene, acrylic acids and their esters, preferably with up to 8 carbon atoms, acrylic acids and their esters, preferably with up to 8 carbon atoms 2 101 881 with copolymers and unsaturated dicarboxylic acid esters, preferably with up to 8, especially up to 4 atoms carbon, such as maleic acid ester, e.g. maleic acid methyl and ethyl ester. Then polymers olefinic and olefinic copolymers are defined (characterized) by the molecular weight range from ioctooo to roarooo.

Jako srodek pomocniczy do wytwarzania zawiesiny wodnej smaru stosuje sie wielocukier, na przyklad cukier buraczany, mleczny, slodowy lub alkilowa celuloze np. metyloceluloze lub alginian osobno lub w mieszaninie.A polysaccharide, for example, is used as an auxiliary agent for the preparation of an aqueous lubricant suspension beet sugar, milk sugar, sugar or alkyl cellulose e.g. methyl cellulose or alginate separately or in the mixture.

Jako stabilizator warstwy smaru stosuje sie krzemiany sodowe, tlenki borowe, tlenki fosforowe, fosforany i kwas krzemowy lub ich mieszaniny.As a lubricant layer stabilizer, sodium silicates, boric oxides, phosphoric oxides, and phosphates are used and silicic acid or mixtures thereof.

Grafit, zastosowany w smarze odpornym na wysokie temperatury wedlug wynalazku ma celowo ziarnistosc (uziarnienie) maksimum 300 n czystosc co najmniej 96%, a korzystnie uziarnJenie do 100 n i czystosc 99,5%.The graphite used in the high-temperature lubricant according to the invention is deliberately granular (grain size) 300 n maximum, at least 96% purity, preferably up to 100 n grain and 99.5% purity.

Aby osiagnac optymalny efekt smarowania, musi byc stosowana sucha warstewka smaru. Zawiesina wodna smaru, jest nanoszona celowo w znany sposób, jak np. przez natryskiwanie lub smarowanie narzedzia na goraco, woda odparowuje przy tym, a polimer lub kopolimer tworzy przez stopier * lepka i ciagliwa warstewke. Grubosc tej warstewki wynosi celowo od 0,05 do 1,0 mm, a korzystnie od 0,1 do 0,2 mm. Czastki grafitu w tej warstewce orientuja sie równomiernie wskutek ich struktury w postaci plytek na calej powierzchni. Na poczatku procesu obróbki przedmiot obrabiany plynie w pewnej mierze na warstewce polimeru, a w koncu polimer lub kopolimer wypala sie czysto, nie pozostawiajac po sobie resztek. Przy spalaniu polimeru lub kopolimeru wytwarza sie poduszka gazowa, która sprzyja oddzieleniu tracych sie powierzchni.In order to achieve an optimal lubricating effect, a dry film of lubricant must be used. Water suspension the lubricant is applied in a deliberate manner in a known manner, such as by hot spraying or lubrication of the tool, The water evaporates and the polymer or copolymer forms a sticky and tough film through the melt. Thickness this film is expediently from 0.05 to 1.0 mm, preferably from 0.1 to 0.2 mm. Graphite particles in this film they orient themselves evenly due to their tiled structure over the entire surface. At the beginning of the process processing, the workpiece flows to a certain extent on the polymer film, and finally the polymer or copolymer burns clean, leaving no residue behind. On combustion, the polymer or copolymer is produced a gas cushion that helps to separate loose surfaces.

Grafit tworzy jednoczesnie nosna warstwe dzielaca i zarazem smarujaca, która przy miejscowym przeciazeniu i spowodowanemu wskutek tego zerwaniu dzialajacej hydrodynamicznie roztopionej warstewki korzystnie dziala zwlaszcza w temperaturach szczytowych.Graphite creates a wear layer that separates and lubricates at the same time overload and the consequent breakage of the hydrodynamically acting melt film it works favorably especially at peak temperatures.

Przy spalaniu substancji dodatkowych smaru wedlug wynalazku pomiedzy narzedziem a przedmiotem obrabianym powstaje pewnego rodzaju atmosfera ochronna, która opóznia spalanie grafitu przy wyzszych temperaturach.For the combustion of the additives of the lubricant according to the invention between the tool and the object the workpiece creates a kind of protective atmosphere that delays the combustion of graphite at higher temperatures temperatures.

Ze smarem odpornym na wysokie temperatury wedlug wynalazku moga byc w danym przypadku ponadto mieszane w malych ilosciach dodatki, jak np. mikrobiologiczne substancje pomocnicze i przeciwutleniacze.In addition, the heat-resistant lubricant according to the invention may be used in a given case mixed additives, such as microbial adjuvants and antioxidants, in small amounts.

Smar odporny na wysokie temperatury wedlug wynalazku moze byc stosowany w zasadzie do bezwiórowej obróbki plastycznej metali.The high temperature grease according to the invention can be used substantially chipless plastic working of metals.

Zalecana postac stosowania smaru wedlug wynalazku stanowi smarowanie przebijaka przy wytwarzaniu rur bezszwowych, np. na tak zwanych walcowniach pielgrzymowych, walcowniach ciaglych lub walcowniach typu „MPM".A preferred form of use of the lubricant in accordance with the invention is for punch lubrication in pipe fabrication seamless, e.g. on so-called pilgrim mills, continuous mills or rolling mills "MPM".

Smar odporny na wysokie temperatury wedlug wynalazku jest zalecany do ksztaltowania na goraco walców profilowych. Przy wystepujacych przy tym temperaturach rzedu 900°C i wyzej, warstewka smaru jest stabilna i skuteczna.The high temperature grease of the invention is recommended for hot forming profile rollers. At temperatures of 900 ° C and above, there is a film of lubricant stable and effective.

Zawiesina wodna smaru wedlug wynalazku przykladowo sklada sie wagowo z 12% grafitu, 28% mieszaniny polimeru maleinowodwubutylowego octanu winylu, 0,5% wielocukru, 2—40% stabilizatora warstwy smaru i 59% wody. Zawiesina ta moze byc naniesiona na narzedzie lub na przedmiot obrabiany w znanysposób przez natrysk lub przez posmarowanie narzedzia. Po odparowaniu wody na obrabianej powierzchni pozostaje warstewka smaru odpornego na wysokie temperatury.The aqueous dispersion of the lubricant according to the invention consists, for example, of 12% by weight of graphite, 28% by weight of Mixtures of maleic dibutyl vinyl acetate, 0.5% polysaccharide, 2 - 40% film stabilizer grease and 59% water. This suspension may be applied to the tool or workpiece in a known manner by spraying or lubricating the tool. After the water evaporates, it remains on the treated surface high temperature grease film.

Smar wedlug wynalazku przykladowo moze stanowic mieszanine skladajaca sie wagowo z 69,4% grafitu, 29,7% kopolimeru octanu winylu i etylenu, 0,9% wielocukru i 2-40% stabilizatora warstwy smaru. W celu uzyskania zawiesiny wodnej smaru wedlug wynalazku bezposrednio przed jej stosowaniem miecza sie suche skladniki smaru z woda i wytwarza sie zawiesine, w której ilosc skladników suchych stanowi 50% wagowych calego ciezaru zawiesiny.The lubricant according to the invention may, for example, be a mixture of 69.4% by weight of graphite, 29.7% vinyl acetate ethylene copolymer, 0.9% polysaccharide and 2-40% lubricant film stabilizer. To In order to obtain an aqueous dispersion of the lubricant according to the invention, the sword is dry immediately before its application the lubricant components with water, and a suspension is prepared in which the amount of dry components is 50% by weight the entire weight of the suspension.

W opisany juz sposób smar odporny na wysokie temperatury w postaci zawiesiny nanosi sie na narzedre lub na przedmiot obrabiany.In the manner described above, the high temperature grease is applied in the form of a suspension to the tool or on the workpiece.

Zawiesina wodna smaru wedlug wynalazku moze sie równiez skladac wagowo z 20% grafitu, 5% polimeru poliizobutylenu, 4% kwasu krzemowego koloidowego, 10% roztworu krzemianu sodowego, 2% wielocukru i 59% wody. Zawiesina ta moze byc takze- nanoszona na przedmiot obrabiany lub na inny material poddawany ksztaltowaniu. Mieszanina stabilizatora warstewki daje równomierna, optymalnie skuteczna warstewke smaru równiez przy znanych temperaturach rzedu 900°C i wyzej, jakie stosuje sie przy obróbce plastycznej, np. przy walcach profilowych.The aqueous slurry of the lubricant according to the invention may also consist by weight of 20% graphite, 5% polymer polyisobutylene, 4% colloidal silicic acid, 10% sodium silicate solution, 2% polysaccharide and 59% water. This slurry can also be applied to a workpiece or other material being processed shaping. The film stabilizer mixture produces an even, optimally effective lubricant film also at known temperatures of 900 ° C and above, which are used in plastic working, e.g. profile rollers.

Smar w stanie suchym moze sie skladac z mieszaniny proszkowych substancji, które nastepnie miele sie, przy czym proszkowe substancje stanowia w mieszaninie wagowo 59% grafitu, 19% kopolimeru styrolu i akrylu, 6% kwasu krzemowego koloidowego, 13% krzemianu sodowego i 3% wielocukru. Mieszanine te miesza sie na101 881 3 krótko przed jej uzyciem z taka sama iloscia wody, ze powstaje zawiesina, która zawiera wagowo 50% substancji stalych. Zawiesine te natryskuje sie na przedmiot obrabiany i/lub na narzedzie, przy czym na goracej powierzchni przedmiotu obrabianego i/lub narzedzia woda ulega odparowaniu i smar odporny na wysokie temperatury dziala skutecznie przy obróbce. Warstewka smaru jest równiez nadzwyczaj stabilna przy wysokich temperaturach wskutek zastosowania stabilizatora.The dry lubricant may consist of a mixture of powdery substances which is then ground, where the powder substances in the mixture constitute 59% by weight of graphite, 19% of a copolymer of styrol and acrylic, 6% colloidal silicic acid, 13% sodium silicate and 3% polysaccharide. This mixture is stirred for 101 881 3 shortly before use, with the same quantity of water that a suspension is formed which contains 50% by weight of the substance permanent. The slurry is sprayed onto the workpiece and / or the tool, while hot the surface of the workpiece and / or tools the water evaporates and the grease resists high temperature works effectively when processing. The lubricant film is also extremely stable at high temperatures temperatures due to the use of a stabilizer.

Claims (4)

Zastrzezenia patentowePatent claims 1. Smar do ksztaltowania metali na goraco, znamienny tym, ze zawiera wagowo 35 do 90% grafitu, 2 do 60% polimeru lub kopolimeru olefinowego o ciezarze czasteczkowym od 100000 do 1 000 000 z 4 do 16 atomami wegla, 0,2 do 8% srodka pomocniczego do wytwarzania zawiesiny i 2 do 40% stabilizatora warstwy smaru.1. Hot metal forming lubricant, characterized by a weight of 35 to 90% of graphite, 2 to 60% of an olefin polymer or copolymer with a molecular weight of 100,000 to 1,000,000 with 4 to 16 carbon atoms, 0.2 to 8 % slurry aid and 2 to 40% lubricant film stabilizer. 2. Smar wedlug zastrz. 1,znamienny tym, ze jako srodek pomocniczy do wytwarzania zawiesiny smaru, zawiera wielocukier, taki jak cukier buraczany, mleczny, cukier slodowy lub alkiloceluloze np. metyloceluloze lub alginian lub mieszanine tych skladników.2. Grease according to claim A process as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, as an auxiliary for the preparation of the lubricant dispersion, it comprises a polysaccharide, such as beet sugar, milk sugar, sweet sugar or alkyl cellulose, e.g. methyl cellulose or alginate, or a mixture of these ingredients. 3. Smar wedlug zastrz. 1, znamienny tym, ze jako stabilizator warstwy smaru zawiera krzemiany sodowe, tlenki borowe, tlenki fosforowe, fosforany i kwas krzemowy lub ich mieszaniny.3. Grease according to claims The process of claim 1, wherein the lubricant layer stabilizer is sodium silicates, boric oxides, phosphorus oxides, phosphates and silicic acid or mixtures thereof. 4. Smar wedlug zastrz. 1, znamienny tym, ze zawartosc substancji stalych w zawiesinie wodnej wynosi 5 do 80% wagowych. |;4. Grease according to claims The process of claim 1, wherein the solids content of the aqueous suspension is 5 to 80% by weight. |;
PL1975204664A 1974-09-06 1975-05-08 A LUBRICANT FOR HOT FORMING OF METALS PL101881B1 (en)

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CH669856A5 (en) * 1984-01-04 1989-04-14 Lonza Ag
CH665847A5 (en) * 1985-10-02 1988-06-15 Lonza Ag METHOD FOR SUSPENDING SOLID LUBRICANTS.
US5271854A (en) * 1986-09-23 1993-12-21 Lonza Ltd. High temperature lubricant containing carboxylated styrene-butadiene latex
CH674096A5 (en) * 1988-01-19 1990-04-30 Lonza Ag
CH674477A5 (en) * 1988-03-30 1990-06-15 Lonza Ag
US5099667A (en) * 1989-06-16 1992-03-31 Lonza Ltd. System for suspending and applying solid lubricants to tools or work pieces
DE59102889D1 (en) * 1990-03-26 1994-10-20 Lonza Ag Method and device for spraying a lubricant suspension at intervals.
DE102005043542A1 (en) * 2005-09-13 2007-03-15 Graphit Kropfmühl AG Stable aqueous graphite dispersion with high solids content
WO2007138914A1 (en) 2006-05-26 2007-12-06 Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd. Process for producing seamless stainless-steel pipe

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