PL10013B1 - Method of absorbing ammonia and hydrogen sulphide from gases. - Google Patents

Method of absorbing ammonia and hydrogen sulphide from gases. Download PDF

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Publication number
PL10013B1
PL10013B1 PL10013A PL1001327A PL10013B1 PL 10013 B1 PL10013 B1 PL 10013B1 PL 10013 A PL10013 A PL 10013A PL 1001327 A PL1001327 A PL 1001327A PL 10013 B1 PL10013 B1 PL 10013B1
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PL
Poland
Prior art keywords
ammonia
gases
hydrogen sulphide
stage
polythionate
Prior art date
Application number
PL10013A
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Polish (pl)
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Publication of PL10013B1 publication Critical patent/PL10013B1/en

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Otrzymywania amonjaku i siarkowodo¬ ru z gazów zapomoca roztworów wielotio- nianów amonowych nie udalo sie dotych¬ czas przeprowadzic technicznie, gdyz szyb¬ kosc przebiegajacych przytem reakcyj, zwlaszcza reakcji miedzy siarkowodorem i wielotionianem (NHJ2S±06 + 3H2S = (NHJ2S203 + 5S + 3H20, jest nie¬ znaczna.Wykryto, ze pochlanianie przebiega dostatecznie szybko, gdy ilosc amonjaku obecnego umozliwia przebieg reakcji na¬ stepujacej (NHJ2S + (NHJ2S406 = 2{NHJ2S20, + S.Aby umozliwic reakcje powyzsza nie wystarcza jednak doprowadzenie potrzeb¬ nych wedlug wzoru 2 moli amonjaku na 1 mol siarkowodoru, gdyz reakcja przebie¬ ga tylko w roztworze obojetnym lub slabo- alkalicznym. Roztwory wielotionianów na¬ tomiast stale rozkladaja sie same i wy¬ dzielajacy sie wskutek tego rozkladu kwas siarkawy wiaze sie z czescia doprowadza¬ nego amonjaku, dajac siarczyn wzglednie tiosiarczan. Nalezy wiec w celu przepro¬ wadzenia siarkowodoru ilosciowo dodac odpowiednia ilosc amonjaku wyzsza od ilosci, jaka odpowiada stosunkowi 2 mole amonjaku : 1 mola siarkowodoru.Gazy otrzymywane z wegla nie zawie¬ raja jednak dostatecznej ilosci amonjaku, któraby odpowiadala temu stosunkowi. Z drugiej zas strony ilosc siarkowodoru nieodpowiada równiez nadwyzce amonjaku nad stosunkiem 2 mole amon jaku : 1 mola siarkowodoru, ~ aby ^'a przeprowadzic w siarczan amonowy. Siarkowodór nalezy wiec doprowadzic ponadto w postaci siarki wzglednie S02.Ponadto wykryto, ze zapomoca roztwo¬ rów, zawierajacych wielotioniany i tiosiar¬ czany amonowe, mozna pomimo to otrzy¬ mac technicznie z gazów amon jak i siar¬ kowodór, gdy te znajduja sie w gazach w ilosciach zwyklych, skoro prace prowadzic w dwóch stadjach, a mianowicie w ten spo¬ sób, iz wieksza czesc amonjaku oddziela sie przed plókaniem i doprowadza do dru¬ giego stadjum. W pierwszem stadjum gaz zapomoca plókania roztworem wielotio- nianu uwalnia sie od takiej ilosci siarko¬ wodoru, iz w drugiem stadjum na 1 mol podlegajacego usuwaniu siarkowodoru przypada wiecej niz 2 mole amonjaku.Siarka wydzielona w pierwszem stadjum uzupelnia potrzebna do regeneracji lugów plócznych ilosc kwasu siarkawego.Lugi otrzymywane przy pochlanianiu, zawierajace przewaznie tiosiarczan amo¬ nowy, regeneruje sie w sposób znany kwa¬ sem siarkawym na wielotionian: 2{NHJ2S203 + 3S02 + S = 2(NHJ2S406 lub 2(NHJ2S2Oa + 3S02 = (NHJ2S306 + (NHJ^O, Lugi przy pochlanianiu nie nalezy jed¬ nak wyczerpywac tak dalece, aby calkowi¬ ta ilosc wielotionianu ulegla przeksztalce¬ niu, lecz nalezy je regenerowac wtedy, gdy w lugach plócznych obok tiosiarczanu jest obecna jeszcze pewna ilosc wielotio¬ nianu.Równiez i przy regeneracji nie prze¬ prowadza sie calej ilosci tiosiarczanu w wielotionian, wskutek czego lugi plóczne po regeneracji zawieraja obok wielotio¬ nianu tiosiarczan.W pierwszem stadjum mozna dopro¬ wadzic jeszcze kwas siarkawy, przyczem w tym przypadku roztwór winien celowo za¬ wierac nieco wiecej tiosiarczanu niz wielo¬ tionianu. Reakcja przebiega natenczas przewaznie wedlug równania: 2H2S + S02 = 2H20 + 3S i obecnosc tiosiarczanu przebieg ten przy¬ spiesza. Ilosc kwasu siarkawego, niepodle- gajaca tej reakcji, zostaje zwiazana przez tiosiarczan na wielotionian. Skoro stoso¬ wac nadmiar kwasu siarkawego, natenczas otrzymane w pierwszem i drugiem stadjum lugi plóczne mozna wymienic jeden na drugi, wskutek czego oddzielna regenera¬ cja staje sie zbyteczna, gdyz w pierwszem stadjum otrzymuje sie lug zawierajacy wiecej wielotionianu, w drugiem zas sta¬ djum — lug zawierajacy wiecej tiosiar¬ czanu.Amon jak mozna doprowadzac do dru¬ giego stadjum wraz z gazem lub tez bezpo¬ srednio do cieczy, w tym ostatnim przy¬ padku mozna go doprowadzac w postaci wody amonjakalnej.Sposób mozna prowadzic calkowicie lub czesciowo pod cisnieniem.Otrzymane lugi plóczne mozna przera¬ biac w sposób znany na siarczan amonowy i siarke. PLObtaining ammonia and hydrogen sulphide from gases with solutions of ammonium polythionates has not been technically feasible so far, because the speed of the reactions taking place, especially the reactions between hydrogen sulphide and polythionate (NHJ2S ± 06 + 3H2S = (NHJ2S203 + 5S + 3H203 + 5S + , is not significant. It has been found that the uptake takes place sufficiently quickly when the amount of ammonia present allows the surge reaction to proceed (NHJ2S + (NHJ2S406 = 2 {NHJ2S20, + S). To enable the above reactions, however, it is not sufficient to provide the necessary 2 moles of ammonia per 1 mole of hydrogen sulphide, because the reaction takes place only in an inert or weakly alkaline solution, while polythionate solutions constantly decompose on their own and the sulfuric acid released as a result of this decomposition binds with the ammonia supplied part, to give sulphite relatively thiosulphate.Therefore, in order to convert hydrogen sulphide quantitatively add a sufficient amount of ammonia greater than the amount each corresponds to a ratio of 2 moles of ammonia: 1 mole of hydrogen sulphide. The gases obtained from coal, however, do not contain enough ammonia to correspond to this ratio. On the other hand, the amount of hydrogen sulfide also does not correspond to the surplus of ammonia over the ratio of 2 moles of ammonium to 1 mole of hydrogen sulfide to convert to ammonium sulfate. The hydrogen sulphide must therefore be supplied in the form of sulfur or SO 2. Moreover, it has been found that, with solutions containing polythionates and ammonium thiosulphates, it is nevertheless technically possible to obtain ammonium and hydrogen sulphide from the gases when they are present in the gases. in ordinary quantities, since the work is carried out in two stages, namely in such a way that the greater part of the ammonia separates before splashing and leads to the second stage. In the first stage, the gas, by means of swelling with a polythionate solution, is freed from such an amount of hydrogen sulfide, and in the second stage, for 1 mole of hydrogen sulphide to be removed, more than 2 moles of ammonia are obtained. The sulfur released in the first stage replenishes the amount of sulfuric acid needed to regenerate the filamentous acid strands. The liquors obtained by the absorption, which usually contain ammonium thiosulphate, are regenerated in a manner known per se with sulfurous acid to polytionate: 2 {NHJ2S203 + 3SO2 + S = 2 (NHJ2S406 or 2 (NHJ2S2Oa + 3SO2 = (NHJ2S306 + (NHJ2S306 + (NHJ2S306 +) However, the absorption lags should not be exhausted to such an extent that the total amount of polythionate is transformed, but should be regenerated when a certain amount of polythiosulphate is still present in the canvas beside the thiosulphate. the entire amount of thiosulphate is converted into polythionate, as a result of which, after regeneration, the trabeculae contain thiosulphate in addition to the polythionate. It is also possible to add sulfurous acid, so in this case the solution should deliberately contain slightly more thiosulphate than polythionate. The reaction then usually proceeds according to the equation: 2H2S + SO2 = 2H2O + 3S and the presence of thiosulphate accelerates this course. Any amount of sulfurous acid which is not affected by this reaction is bound by the thiosulphate to the polythionate. Since an excess of sulfurous acid is used, the first and second stages of the loins can be replaced with each other, making separate regeneration unnecessary, since in the first stage a string containing more polythionate is obtained, and in the second stage a djum - lye containing more thiosulphate. Ammon can be led to the second stage with the gas or directly to the liquid, in the latter case it can be fed in the form of ammoniacal water. The method can be carried out entirely or partially under pressure . The obtained lint can be converted in a manner known per se into ammonium sulphate and sulfur. PL

Claims (2)

Zastrzezenia patentów^. 1. Sposób pochlaniania z gazów amo¬ njaku i siarkowodoru zapomoca plókania gazów roztworami zawieraj acemi wielotio¬ nian amonowy i tiosiarczan amonowy, zna¬ mienny tern, ze sposób ten prowadzi sie w dwóch stadjach tak, iz wydzielona przed plókaniem wieksza czesc amonjaku dopro¬ wadza sie w drugiem stadjum, przyczem w pierwszem stadjum, ewentualnie dopro¬ wadzajac kwas siarkawy, osadza sie siar¬ kowodór w postaci siarki w takiej ilosci, ze 2 —w drugiem stadjum na 1 mol podlegajace¬ go tu usunieciu siarkowodoru przypada wiecej niz 2 mole amonjaku.Patent claims ^. 1. The method of absorbing ammonia and hydrogen sulphide from gases by means of washing the gases with solutions containing ammonium polythionate and ammonium thiosulphate, a significant difference in that this process is carried out in two stages so that the major part of the ammonia separated before the separation of ammonia leads to in the second stage, in the first stage, possibly by adding sulfurous acid, hydrogen sulfide is deposited in the form of sulfur in such an amount that in the second stage, more than 2 moles of ammonia are obtained per mole of hydrogen sulfide to be removed here. . 2. Sposób pochlaniania z gazów amo¬ njaku i siarkowodoru zapomoca plókania gazów roztworami zawieraj acemi wielotio- nian i tiosiarczan amonowy wedlug zastrz. lf znamienny tern, ze sie go prowadzi pod cisnieniem zwiekszonem. L G, Farbenindustrie A k t i e n g e s e 11 s c h a f t. Zastepca: M, Skrzypkowskl, rzecznik patentowy. bruk L. Boguslawskiego, Warszawa. PL2. The method of absorbing ammonia and hydrogen sulphide from gases by means of gas washing with solutions containing polythionate and ammonium thiosulphate according to claim 1. lf characterized by the fact that it is driven under increased pressure. L G, Farbenindustrie A k t i e n g e s e 11 s c h a f t. Deputy: M, Skrzypkowskl, patent attorney. pavement of L. Boguslawski, Warsaw. PL
PL10013A 1927-02-10 Method of absorbing ammonia and hydrogen sulphide from gases. PL10013B1 (en)

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PL10013B1 true PL10013B1 (en) 1929-03-30

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